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- Dahl, F, et al.
(author)
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Imaging single DNA molecules for high precision NIPT
- 2018
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In: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 8:1, s. 4549-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cell-free DNA analysis is becoming adopted for first line aneuploidy screening, however for most healthcare programs, cost and workflow complexity is limiting adoption of the test. We report a novel cost effective method, the Vanadis NIPT assay, designed for high precision digitally-enabled measurement of chromosomal aneuploidies in maternal plasma. Reducing NIPT assay complexity is achieved by using novel molecular probe technology that specifically label target chromosomes combined with a new readout format using a nanofilter to enrich single molecules for imaging and counting without DNA amplification, microarrays or sequencing. The primary objective of this study was to assess the Vanadis NIPT assay with respect to analytical precision and clinical feasibility. Analysis of reference DNA samples indicate that samples which are challenging to analyze with low fetal-fraction can be readily detected with a limit of detection determined at <2% fetal-fraction. In total of 286 clinical samples were analysed and 30 out of 30 pregnancies affected by trisomy 21 were classified correctly. This method has the potential to make cost effective NIPT more widely available with more women benefiting from superior detection and false positive rates.
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- Bergman, M, et al.
(author)
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Intendedness of pregnancies and preconception contraceptive use in women of Swedish and non-European origins seeking emergency care in early pregnancy
- 2022
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In: BMJ sexual & reproductive health. - : BMJ. - 2515-2009 .- 2515-1991. ; 48:1, s. 41-46
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Unintended pregnancies in Europe have been estimated to constitute 43% of all pregnancies, with the proportion in Sweden being unknown. In striving for equitable healthcare, increased knowledge about unintended pregnancies among women born outside Europe is needed. We aimed to estimate the proportion of unintended pregnancies in women born in Sweden compared with women born outside Europe in an unselected population seeking gynaecological emergency care in early pregnancy. Our secondary aim was to compare contraceptive use at the time of conception in unplanned pregnancies between women born in Sweden and women born outside Europe.MethodsPregnant women seeking gynaecological emergency care in early pregnancy at a tertiary hospital were asked to fill out a questionnaire in their native language. The questionnaire contained questions from the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy (LMUP) and questions regarding sociodemographic data, gynaecological health and previous contraception.ResultsOf 180 pregnancies, 66 were unintended (36.7%) according to the LMUP. Among patients born in Sweden, 49/129 (38.0%) of the pregnancies were unintended compared with 17/51 (33.3%) among patients born outside Europe (p=0.56). 86% of participants with unintended pregnancy did not use any form of contraception during the month of conception, with no difference between women born in Sweden and those born outside Europe.ConclusionsAmong women seeking gynaecological emergency care in early pregnancy, unintended pregnancies are common. Women with unintended pregnancies had low use of preconception contraceptives, which highlights a need for further interventions aimed at avoiding unintended pregnancies.
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- Fischer, C.P, et al.
(author)
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Vitamin E isoform-specific inhibition of the exercise-induced heat shock protein 72 expression in humans
- 2006
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In: Journal of applied physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 8750-7587 .- 1522-1601. ; 100:5, s. 1679-1687
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Increased levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, as seen in response to exercise, challenge the cellular integrity. Important protective adaptive changes include induction of heat shock proteins (HSPs). We hypothesized that supplementation with antioxidant vitamins C (ascorbic acid) and E (tocopherol) would attenuate the exercise-induced increase of HSP72 in the skeletal muscle and in the circulation. Using randomization, we allocated 21 young men into three groups receiving one of the following oral supplementations: RRR-α-tocopherol 400 IU/ day + ascorbic acid (AA) 500 mg/day (CEα), RRR-α-tocopherol 290 IU/day + RRR-γ-tocopherol 130 IU/day + AA 500 mg/day (CEαγ), or placebo (Control). After 28 days of supplementation, the subjects performed 3 h of knee extensor exercise at 50% of the maximal power output. HSP72 mRNA and protein content was determined in muscle biopsies obtained from vastus lateralis at rest (0 h), postexercise (3 h), and after a 3-h recovery (6 h). In addition, blood was sampled for measurements of HSP72, α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, AA, and 8-isoprostaglandin-F2α (8-PGF2α). Postsupplementation, the groups differed with respect to plasma vitamin levels. The marker of lipid peroxidation, 8-iso-PGF2α, increased from 0 h to 3 h in all groups, however, markedly less (P < 0.05) in CEα. In Control, skeletal muscle HSP72 mRNA content increased 2.5-fold (P < 0.05) and serum HSP72 protein increased 4-fold (P < 0.05) in response to exercise, whereas a significant increase of skeletal muscle HSP72 protein content was not observed (P = 0.07). In CEα, skeletal muscle HSP72 mRNA, HSP72 protein, and serum HSP72 were not different from Control in response to exercise. In contrast, the effect of exercise on skeletal muscle HSP72 mRNA and protein, as well as circulating HSP72, was completely blunted in CEαγ. The results indicate that γ-tocopherol comprises a potent inhibitor of the exercise-induced increase of HSP72 in skeletal muscle as well as in the circulation.
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- Kallner Bastviken, Sofia, et al.
(author)
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Effects of vegetation and hydraulic load on seasonal nitrate removal in treatment wetlands
- 2009
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In: Ecological Engineering. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0925-8574 .- 1872-6992. ; 35:5, s. 946-952
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Optimising nitrate removal and identifying critical factors for nitrate removal in wetlands is an important environmental task in the effort to achieve better surface water quality. In this study, eighteen free water surface wetlands with similar shape and size (22 m2 each) received groundwater with a high nitrate-N concentration (about 11 mg l−1). The effects of two hydraulic loads, 0.13 m d−1 and 0.39 m d−1, and three vegetation types – emergent, submersed and freely developing vegetation – on the nitrate-N removal were investigated through mass inflow and outflow measurements.No significant difference in nitrate removal between the different hydraulic loads could be detected. Significantly higher area-specific nitrate removal and first-order area-based rate coefficients were found in the basins with emergent vegetation, with no difference between the basins with submersed and freely developing vegetation. The nitrate-N removal increased as the wetlands matured and the vegetation grew denser, emphasizing the role of dense emergent vegetation for nitrate removal at high nitrate concentrations.
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- Kallner Bastviken, Sofia, et al.
(author)
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Potential nitrification and denitrification on different surfaces in a constructed treatment wetland
- 2004
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In: Journal of environmental quality. - 0047-2425. ; 32:6, s. 2414-2420
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Improved understanding of the importance of different surfaces in supporting attached nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria is essential if we are to optimize the N removal capacity of treatment wetlands. The aim of this study was therefore to examine the nitrifying and denitrifying capacity of different surfaces in a constructed treatment wetland and to assess the relative importance of these surfaces for overall N removal in the wetland. Intact sediment cores, old pine and spruce twigs, shoots of Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.), and filamentous macro-algae were collected in July and November 1999 in two basins of the wetland system. One of the basins had been constructed on land that contained lots of wood debris, particularly twigs of coniferous trees. Potential nitrification was measured using the isotope-dilution technique, and potential denitrification was determined using the acetylene-inhibition technique in laboratory microcosm incubations. Nitrification rates were highest on the twigs. These rates were three and 100 times higher than in the sediment and on Eurasian watermilfoil, respectively. Potential denitrification rates were highest in the sediment. These rates were three times higher than on the twigs and 40 times higher than on Eurasian watermilfoil. The distribution of denitrifying bacteria was most likely due to the availability of organic material, with higher denitrification rates in the sediment than on surfaces in the water column. Our results indicate that denitrification, and particularly nitrification, in treatment wetlands could be significantly increased by addition of surfaces such as twigs.
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