| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Cannon, P., et al.
(author)
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Revisions of British and Irish Lichens vol. 3 - Peltigerales: Collemataceae (including the genera Blennothallia, Callome, Collema, Enchylium, Epiphloea, Lathagrium, Leptogium, Pseudoleptogium, Rostania and Scytinium.
- 2020
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Other publication (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Revisions of British and Irish Lichens is a free-to-access serial publication under the auspices of the British Lichen Society, that charts changes in our understanding of the lichens and lichenicolous fungi of Great Britain and Ireland. Each volume will be devoted to a particular family (or group of families), and will include descriptions, keys, habitat and distribution data for all the species included. The maps are based on information from the BLS Lichen Database, that also includes data from the historical Mapping Scheme and the Lichen Ireland database. The choice of subject for each volume will depend on the extent of changes in classification for the families concerned, and the number of newly recognized species since previous treatments. To date, accounts of lichens from our region have been published in book form. However, the time taken to compile new printed editions of the entire lichen biota of Britain and Ireland is extensive, and many parts are out-of-date even as they are published. Issuing updates as a serial electronic publication means that important changes in understanding of our lichens can be made available with a shorter delay. The accounts may also be compiled at intervals into complete printed accounts, as new editions of the Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland.
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| 3. |
- Dítě, Daniel, et al.
(author)
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Glacial-relict symptoms in the Western Carpathian flora
- 2018
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In: Folia Geobotanica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1211-9520 .- 1874-9348. ; 53, s. 277-300
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Glacial relicts have been regionally morecommon in glacial than in recent times. A rigorousassessment of which species are indeed glacial relictsis extremely difficult because direct evidence is untraceableor equivocal for many species.We aimed to identifyspecies of theWestern Carpathian flora (vascular plants,bryophytes and terrestrial lichens) that display apparentbiogeographical and ecological symptoms, suggesting awider regional or supra-regional distribution during glacialtimes, or at least before the middle-Holoceneclimate optimum. We worked with the premise thatexemplary relict species should tolerate continentaland/or arctic climates, should have large distributionranges with disjunctions, being regionally rare and ecologicallyconservative nowadays, should be associatedwith habitats that occurred during glacial times (tundra,steppe, peatland, open coniferous forest) and shoulddisplay a restriction of ecological niches in the studyregion. The assessed species were primarily those withboreo-continental or artcic-alpine distribution.We demonstrateda conspicuous gradient of glacial-relict symptoms,with Carex vaginata, Betula nana, Trichophorumpumilum, Nephroma arcticum, Saxifraga hirculus andCladonia stellaris topping the ranking. Based on thearbitrary ranking, 289 taxa can be considered highprobabilityrelicts. For only a minority of them, thereare any phylogeographical and/or palaeoecological dataavailable from the study area. Biogeographical and ecologicalsymptoms of 144 taxa suggest that they retreatedrapidly after the Last Glacial Maximum whereas otherspecies probably retreated later. The first principal componentof biogeographical symptoms sorted speciesfrom circumpolar arctic-alpine species of acidicpeatlands and wet tundra to strongly continental speciesof steppe, steppe-tundra and mineral-rich fens. Thisdifferentiation may mirror the altitudinal zonation ofglacial vegetation in the Western Carpathians.
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| 4. |
- Hurtado, Pilar, et al.
(author)
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Contrasting Environmental Drivers Determine Biodiversity Patterns in Epiphytic Lichen Communities along a European Gradient
- 2020
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In: Microorganisms. - : MDPI. - 2076-2607. ; 8:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Assessing the ecological impacts of environmental change on biological communities requires knowledge of the factors driving the spatial patterns of the three diversity facets along extensive environmental gradients. We quantified the taxonomic (TD), functional (FD), and phylogenetic diversity (PD) of lichen epiphytic communities in 23 beech forests along Europe to examine their response to environmental variation (climate, habitat quality, spatial predictors) at a continental geographic scale. We selected six traits related to the climatic conditions in forest ecosystems, the water-use strategy and the nutrient uptake, and we built a phylogenetic tree based on four molecular markers. FD and climate determined TD and PD, with spatial variables also affecting PD. The three diversity facets were primarily shaped by distinct critical predictors, with the temperature diurnal range affecting FD and PD, and precipitation of the wettest month determining TD. Our results emphasize the value of FD for explaining part of TD and PD variation in lichen communities at a broad geographic scale, while highlighting that these diversity facets provide complementary information about the communities' response under changing environmental conditions. Furthermore, traits such as growth form, photobiont type, and reproductive strategy mediated the response of lichen communities to abiotic factors emerging as useful indicators of macroclimatic variations.
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| 5. |
- Hurtado, P., et al.
(author)
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Disentangling functional trait variation and covariation in epiphytic lichens along a continent-wide latitudinal gradient
- 2020
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In: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. - : ROYAL SOC. - 0962-8452 .- 1471-2954. ; 287:1922
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Characterizing functional trait variation and covariation, and its drivers, is critical to understand the response of species to changing environmental conditions. Evolutionary and environmental factors determine how traits vary among and within species at multiple scales. However, disentangling their relative contribution is challenging and a comprehensive trait-environment framework addressing such questions is missing in lichens. We investigated the variation in nine traits related to photosynthetic performance, water use and nutrient acquisition applying phylogenetic comparative analyses in lichen epiphytic communities on beech across Europe. These poikilohydric organisms offer a valuable model owing to their inherent limitations to buffer contrasting environmental conditions. Photobiont type and growth form captured differences in certain physiological traits whose variation was largely determined by evolutionary processes (i.e. phylogenetic history), although the intraspecific component was non-negligible. Seasonal temperature fluctuations also had an impact on trait variation, while nitrogen content depended on photobiont type rather than nitrogen deposition. The inconsistency of trait covariation among and within species prevented establishing major resource use strategies in lichens. However, we did identify a general pattern related to the water-use strategy. Thus, to robustly unveil lichen responses under different climatic scenarios, it is necessary to incorporate both among and within-species trait variation and covariation.
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| 6. |
- Jiroušek, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Classification of European bog vegetation of the Oxycocco‐Sphagnetea class
- 2022
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In: Applied Vegetation Science. - : Wiley. - 1402-2001 .- 1654-109X. ; 25:1, s. 1-19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims: Classification of European bog vegetation (Oxycocco- Sphagnetea class); iden -tification of diagnostic species for the class and vegetation subgroups (orders and alliances); development of an expert system for automatic classification of vegetation plots; and production of distribution maps of the Oxycocco- Sphagnetea class and its alliances.Location: Europe.Methods: A data set of vegetation- plot records was compiled to include various bog types over most of the European continent. An unsupervised classification (beta- flexible linkage method, Sørensen distance measure) and detrended correspondenceanalysis (DCA) ordination were applied. Formal definitions of syntaxa based on spe -cies presence and covers, and respecting the results of the unsupervised classifica-tion, were developed and included in a classification expert system.Results: The Oxycocco- Sphagnetea class, its two orders (Sphagno- Ericetalia tetralicisand Sphagnetalia medii) and seven compositionally distinct alliances were formally de -fined. In addition to the syntaxa included in EuroVegChecklist, three new alliances were distinguished: Rubo chamaemori- Dicranion elongati (subarctic polygon and palsa mires); Erico mackaianae- Sphagnion papillosi (blanket bogs of the northwestern IberianPeninsula); and Sphagno baltici- Trichophorion cespitosi (boreal bog lawns). The latter alliance is newly described in this article.Conclusions: This first pan- European formalized classification of European bog veg -etation partially followed the system presented in EuroVegChecklist, but suggested three additional alliances. One covers palsa and polygon mires, one covers Iberian bogs with endemics and one fills the syntaxonomical gap for lawn microhabitats in boreal bogs. A classification expert system has been developed, which allows assign -ment of vegetation plots to the types described.
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| 7. |
- Kosuthova, Alica, et al.
(author)
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A revision of the Rostania occultata (Collemataceae) complex in Fennoscandia
- 2022
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In: The Lichenologist. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0024-2829 .- 1096-1135. ; 54:1, s. 13-24
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Rostania occultata species complex ('Collema occultatum s. lat.') is revised in Fennoscandia and found to consist of four species, all epiphytes on deciduous trees: Rostania effusa A. Kosuth., M. Westb. & Wedin sp. nov., R. occultata (Bagl.) Otalora et al., R. pallida A. Kosuth., M. Westb. & Wedin sp. nov. and R. populina (Th. Fr.) A. Kosuth., M. Westb. & Wedin comb. nov. Rostania effusa and R. pallida are newly described from humid habitats in old-growth boreal coniferous forests, usually with a mixture of deciduous trees, and from similar areas in the subalpine birch-dominated forests of Fennoscandia. Rostania effusa is characterized by apothecia with red-brown apothecium discs and an excipulum thallinum with a simple pseudocortex and cubic to oblong, muriform spores. Rostania pallida has apothecia with whitish to pale yellowish discs and an excipulum thallinum with a distinct cellular pseudocortex, and ellipsoid, muriform mature spores that are often constricted at the centre. A lectotype is designated for Collema quadratum J. Lahm ex Korb. The new combination Rostania populina is introduced for the species recognized until now as the variety Rostania occultata var. populina (Th. Fr.) Perlmutter & Rivas Plata. A key to the six species in Rostania s. str. is included.
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| 8. |
- Kosuthova, Alica, et al.
(author)
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A revision of the Rostania occultata (Collemataceae) complex in Fennoscandia
- 2022
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In: The Lichenologist. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0024-2829 .- 1096-1135. ; 54:1, s. 13-24
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Rostania occultata species complex (‘Collema occultatum s. lat.’) is revised in Fennoscandia and found to consist of four species, all epiphytes on deciduous trees: Rostania effusa A. Košuth., M. Westb. & Wedin sp. nov., R. occultata (Bagl.) Otálora et al., R. pallida A. Košuth., M. Westb. & Wedin sp. nov. and R. populina (Th. Fr.) A. Košuth., M. Westb. & Wedin comb. nov. Rostania effusa and R. pallida are newly described from humid habitats in old-growth boreal coniferous forests, usually with a mixture of deciduous trees, and from similar areas in the subalpine birch-dominated forests of Fennoscandia. Rostania effusa is characterized by apothecia with red-brown apothecium discs and an excipulum thallinum with a simple pseudocortex and cubic to oblong, muriform spores. Rostania pallida has apothecia with whitish to pale yellowish discs and an excipulum thallinum with a distinct cellular pseudocortex, and ellipsoid, muriform mature spores that are often constricted at the centre. A lectotype is designated for Collema quadratum J. Lahm ex Körb. The new combination Rostania populina is introduced for the species recognized until now as the variety Rostania occultata var. populina (Th. Fr.) Perlmutter & Rivas Plata. A key to the six species in Rostania s. str. is included.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Kosuthova, Alica, 1978-, et al.
(author)
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Rostania revised : testing generic delimitations in Collemataceae (Peltigerales, Lecanoromycetes )
- 2019
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In: MycoKeys. - : Pensoft Publishers. - 1314-4057 .- 1314-4049. ; :47, s. 17-33
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Here, we test the current generic delimitation of Rostania (Collemataceae, Peltigerales, Ascomycota) utilizing molecular phylogeny and morphological investigations. Using DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial SSU rDNA and two nuclear protein-coding genes (MCM7 and β-tubulin) and utilizing parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic methods, Rostania is shown to be non-monophyletic in the current sense. A new generic delimitation of Rostania is thus proposed, in which the genus is monophyletic, and three species (Rostania coccophylla, R. paramensis, R. quadrifida) are excluded and transferred to other genera. Rostania occultata is further non-monophyletic, and a more detailed investigation of species delimitations in Rostania s. str. is needed. The new combinations Leptogium paramense and Scytinium quadrifidum are proposed.
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| 11. |
- Košuthová, Alica, 1978-, et al.
(author)
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Species delimitation in the cyanolichen genus Rostania
- 2020
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In: BMC Evolutionary Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2148. ; 115
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundIn this study, we investigate species limits in the cyanobacterial lichen genus Rostania (Collemataceae, Peltigerales, Lecanoromycetes). Four molecular markers (mtSSU rDNA, β-tubulin, MCM7, RPB2) were sequenced and analysed with two coalescent-based species delimitation methods: the Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent model (GMYC) and a Bayesian species delimitation method (BPP) using a multispecies coalescence model (MSC), the latter with or without an a priori defined guide tree.ResultsSpecies delimitation analyses indicate the presence of eight strongly supported candidate species. Conclusive correlation between morphological/ecological characters and genetic delimitation could be found for six of these. Of the two additional candidate species, one is represented by a single sterile specimen and the other currently lacks morphological or ecological supporting evidence.ConclusionsWe conclude that Rostania includes a minimum of six species: R. ceranisca, R. multipunctata, R. occultata 1, R. occultata 2, R. occultata 3, and R. occultata 4,5,6. Three distinct Nostoc morphotypes occur in Rostania, and there is substantial correlation between these morphotypes and Rostania thallus morphology.
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| 12. |
- Steinová, Jana, et al.
(author)
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An Exception to the Rule? Could Photobiont Identity Be a Better Predictor of Lichen Phenotype than Mycobiont Identity?
- 2022
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In: Journal of Fungi. - : MDPI AG. - 2309-608X. ; 8:3, s. 275-275
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- With rare exceptions, the shape and appearance of lichen thalli are determined by thefungal partner; thus, mycobiont identity is normally used for lichen identification. However, it hasrepeatedly been shown in recent decades that phenotypic data often does not correspond with fungalgene evolution. Here, we report such a case in a three-species complex of red-fruited Cladonia lichens,two of which clearly differ morphologically, chemically, ecologically and in distribution range. Weanalysed 64 specimens of C. bellidiflora, C. polydactyla and C. umbricola, mainly collected in Europe,using five variable mycobiont-specific and two photobiont-specific molecular markers. All mycobiontmarkers exhibited very low variability and failed to separate the species. In comparison, photobiontidentity corresponded better with lichen phenotype and separated esorediate C. bellidiflora from thetwo sorediate taxa. These results can be interpreted either as an unusual case of lichen photomorphsor as an example of recent speciation, in which phenotypic differentiation precedes the separation ofthe molecular markers. We hypothesise that association with different photobionts, which is probablyrelated to habitat differentiation, may have triggered speciation in the mycobiont species.
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| 13. |
- Westberg, Martin, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Nya lokaler för några jordlavar
- 2015
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In: Lavbulletinen. - : Svensk Lichenologisk Förening. - 1651-6435. ; :1, s. 27-33
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Zamora, Juan Carlos, et al.
(author)
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Considerations and consequences of allowing DNA sequence data as types of fungal taxa
- 2018
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In: IMA Fungus. - : INT MYCOLOGICAL ASSOC. - 2210-6340 .- 2210-6359. ; 9:1, s. 167-185
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.
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