| 1. |
- Klinge, Björn, et al.
(author)
-
The patient undergoing implant therapy : summary and consensus statements: the 4th EAO Consensus Conference 2015
- 2015
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 26 Suppl 11, s. 64-7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: The assignment for this working group was to update the existing knowledge regarding factors considered being of special relevance for the patient undergoing implant therapy. This included areas where conflicting opinions exists since long or recently has been expressed, like the role of antibiotic prophylaxis in dental implant surgery and peri-implantitis. Also areas with growing interest and concern such as patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and health-economy was included in this review.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The literature in the respective areas of interest (antibiotic prophylaxis, peri-implantitis, patient-reported outcome measurements and health-economic aspects) was searched using different strategies for the different papers. Search strategies ranged from a complex systematic review to systematic- and narrative reviews, depending on subject and available literature. All collected material was critically reviewed. Four manuscripts were subsequently presented for group analysis and discussion and plenum discussions and concensus approval. The selected areas were considered to be of key importance and relevance for the patient undergoing implant therapy.RESULTS: The results and conclusions of the review process are presented in the respective papers. The group's conclusions, identified knowledge gaps, directions for future research and concensus statements are presented in this article. The following reviews were available for group discussions and the foundation for subsequent plenary sessions: Lund B, Hultin M, Tranaeus S, Naimi-Akbar A, Klinge B. (2015) Perioperative antibiotics in conjunction with dental implant placement. A complex systematic review. Renvert S & Quirynen M. (2015) Risk indicators for peri-implantitis. A narrative review. De Bruyn H, Raes S, Matthys C, Cosyn J. (2015) The current use of patient centered/reported outcomes in implant dentistry. A systematic review. Beikler T & Flemmig T.F. (2015) Economic evaluation of implant-supported prostheses. A narrative review.
|
|
| 2. |
- Salvi, Giovanni E. E., et al.
(author)
-
Clinical periodontal diagnosis
- 2023
-
In: Periodontology 2000. - : WILEY. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757.
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Periodontal diseases include pathological conditions elicited by the presence of bacterial biofilms leading to a host response. In the diagnostic process, clinical signs such as bleeding on probing, development of periodontal pockets and gingival recessions, furcation involvement and presence of radiographic bone loss should be assessed prior to periodontal therapy, following active therapy, and during long-term supportive care. In addition, patient-reported outcomes such as increased tooth mobility, migration, and tilting should also be considered. More important to the patient, however, is the fact that assessment of signs of periodontal diseases must be followed by an appropriate treatment plan. Furthermore, it should be realized that clinical and radiographic periodontal diagnosis is based on signs which may not reflect the presence of active disease but rather represent the sequelae of a previous bacterial challenge. Hence, the aim of the present review is to provide a summary of clinical and radiographic diagnostic criteria required to classify patients with periodontal health or disease.
|
|
| 3. |
- Abrahamsson, Ingemar, 1953, et al.
(author)
-
Early bone formation adjacent to rough and turned endosseous implant surfaces. An experimental study in the dog
- 2004
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 15:4, s. 381-92
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To validate a proposed model (Berglundh et al. 2003) and to evaluate the rate and degree of osseointegration at turned (T) and sand blasted and acid etched (SLA) implant surfaces during early phases of healing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The devices used for the study of early healing had a geometry that corresponded to that of a solid screw implant with either a SLA or a T surface configuration. A circumferential trough had been prepared within the thread region (intra-osseous portion) that established a geometrically well-defined wound chamber. Twenty Labrador dogs received totally 160 experimental devices to allow the evaluation of healing between 2 h and 12 weeks. Both ground and decalcified sections were prepared from mesial/distal and buccal/lingual device sites. Histometric and morphometric analyses of the ground sections and morphometric analysis of the tissue components in decalcified sections were performed. RESULTS: The ground sections provided an overview of the various phases of tissue formation, while the decalcified, thin sections enabled a more detailed study of events involved in bone tissue modeling and remodeling for both SLA and T surfaces. The initially empty wound chamber became occupied with a coagulum and a granulation tissue that was replaced by a provisional matrix. The process of bone formation started already during the first week. The newly formed bone present at the lateral border of the cut bony bed appeared to be continuous with the parent bone, but on the SLA surface woven bone was also found at a distance from the parent bone. Parallel-fibered and/or lamellar bone as well as bone marrow replaced this primary bone after 4 weeks. In the SLA chambers, more bone-to-device contact, more initial woven bone and earlier lamellar bone formation was found than in the T chambers. CONCLUSION: Osseointegration represents a dynamic process both during its establishment and its maintenance. While healing showed similar characteristics with resorptive and appositional events for both SLA and T surfaces, the rate and degree of osseointegration were superior for the SLA compared with the T chambers.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Adriaens, Laurence M, et al.
(author)
-
Does pregnancy have an impact on the subgingival microbiota?
- 2009
-
In: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 80:1, s. 72-81
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We investigated clinical and subgingival microbiologic changes during pregnancy in 20 consecutive pregnant women > or =18 years not receiving dental care.METHODS: Bacterial samples from weeks 12, 28, and 36 of pregnancy and at 4 to 6 weeks postpartum were processed for 37 species by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. Clinical periodontal data were collected at week 12 and at 4 to 6 weeks postpartum, and bleeding on probing (BOP) was recorded at sites sampled at the four time points.RESULTS: The mean BOP at week 12 and postpartum was 40.1% +/- 18.2% and 27.4% +/- 12.5%, respectively. The corresponding mean BOP at microbiologic test sites was 15% (week 12) and 21% (postpartum; not statistically significant). Total bacterial counts decreased between week 12 and postpartum (P <0.01). Increased bacterial counts over time were found for Neisseria mucosa (P <0.001). Lower counts (P <0.001) were found for Capnocytophaga ochracea, Capnocytophaga sputigena, Eubacterium saburreum, Fusobacterium nucleatum naviforme, Fusobacterium nucleatum polymorphum, Leptotrichia buccalis, Parvimonas micra (previously Peptostreptococcus micros or Micromonas micros), Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella melaninogenica, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sanguinis, Selenomonas noxia, and Veillonella parvula. No changes occurred between weeks 12 and 28 of pregnancy. Counts of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans), Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis), and Treponema denticola did not change. Counts of P. gingivalis and T. forsythia at week 12 were associated with gingivitis (P <0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Subgingival levels of bacteria associated with periodontitis did not change. P. gingivalis and T. forsythia counts were associated with BOP at week 12. A decrease was found in 17 of 37 species from week 12 to postpartum. Only counts of N. mucosa increased.
|
|
| 6. |
- Agerbaek, Mette R, et al.
(author)
-
Comparisons of bacterial patterns present at implant and tooth sites in subjects on supportive periodontal therapy. I. Impact of clinical variables, gender and smoking.
- 2006
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 17:1, s. 18-24
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: (I) To compare the oral microflora at implant and tooth sites in subjects participating in a periodontal recall program, (II) to test whether the microflora at implant and tooth sites differ as an effect of gingival bleeding (bleeding on probing (BOP)), or pocket probing depth (PPD), and (III) to test whether smoking and gender had an impact on the microflora.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data were collected from 127 implants and all teeth in 56 subjects. Microbiological data were identified by the DNA-DNA checkerboard hybridization.RESULTS: PPD> or =4 mm were found in 16.9% of tooth, and at 26.6% of implant sites (P<0.01). Tooth sites with PPD> or =4 mm had a 3.1-fold higher bacterial load than implant sites (mean difference: 66%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 40.7-91.3, P<0.001). No differences were found for the red, orange, green, and yellow complexes. A higher total bacterial load was found at implant sites with PPD> or =4 mm (mean difference 35.7 x 10(5), 95% CI: 5.2 (10(5)) to 66.1 (10(5)), P<0.02 with equal variance not assumed). At implant sites, BOP had no impact on bacterial load but influenced the load at tooth sites (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: BOP, and smoking had no impact on bacteria at implant sites but influenced the bacterial load at tooth sites. Tooth sites harbored more bacteria than implant sites with comparable PPD. The 4 mm PPD cutoff level influenced the distribution and amounts of bacterial loads. The subject factor is explanatory to bacterial load at both tooth and implant sites.
|
|
| 7. |
- Agerbaek, Mette R, et al.
(author)
-
Microbiological composition associated with interleukin-1 gene polymorphism in subjects undergoing supportive periodontal therapy.
- 2006
-
In: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 77:8, s. 1397-1402
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Interleukin-1 gene polymorphism (IL-1 gene) has been associated with periodontitis. The present study examined the subgingival microbiota by IL-1 gene status in subjects undergoing supportive periodontal therapy (SPT).METHODS: A total of 151 subjects with known IL-1 gene status (IL-1A +4845/IL-1B -3954) (IL-1 gene) were included in this study. Clinical data and subgingival plaque samples (40 taxa) were collected. These taxa were determined by the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method.RESULTS: Gender, smoking habits (n-par tests), age, and clinical periodontal conditions did not differ by IL-1 gene status. IL-1 gene-negative subjects had a higher total bacterial load (mean difference, 480.4 x 10(5); 95% confidence interval [CI], 77 to 884 x 10(5); P <0.02). The levels of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (mean difference, 30.7 x 10(5); 95% CI, 2.2 to 59.5 x 10(5); P <0.05), Eubacterium nodatum (mean difference, 4.2 x 10(5); 95% CI, 0.6 to 7.8 x 10(5); P <0.02), Porphyromonas gingivalis (mean difference, 17.9 x 10(5); 95% CI, 1.2 to 34.5 x 10(5); P <0.05), and Streptococcus anginosus (mean difference, 4.0 x 10(5); 95% CI, 0.2 to 7.2 x 10(5); P <0.05) were higher in IL-1 gene-negative subjects, an observation specifically found at sites with probing depths <5.0 mm.CONCLUSIONS: Bleeding on probing did not differ by IL gene status, reflecting clinical SPT efficacy. IL-1 gene-negative subjects had higher levels of periodontal pathogens. This may suggest that among subjects undergoing SPT, a lower bacterial load is required in IL-1 gene-positive subjects to develop the same level of periodontitis as in IL-1 gene-negative subjects.
|
|
| 8. |
- Benjasupattananan, Supranee, et al.
(author)
-
Effect of a stannous fluoride dentifrice on the sulcular microbiota : a prospective cohort study in subjects with various levels of periodontal inflammation
- 2005
-
In: Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry. - 1602-1622 .- 1757-9996. ; 3:4, s. 263-272
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of an experimental 0.454% stannous fluoride (SnF2) dentifrice on the oral sulcular microbiota in patients with various stages of oral diseases using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present one-month, single center, single product, prospective cohort trial, 37 adults (mean age 37.6) were assigned to one of four oral health condition cohorts with seven to 10 subjects each: 1. mild gingivitis, 2. marked generalized gingivitis to moderate periodontitis, 3. caries-prone and 4. treated moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis in supportive periodontal care. All four groups were asked to use the test dentifrice and a power toothbrush twice a day for one minute during a four-week test period. Before and after the trial period, Plaque Indices (PII, Silness and Löe, 1964) and Gingival Indices (GI, Löe and Silness, 1963) were recorded. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from all patients at Baseline, as well as after two and four weeks. These samples were analyzed for content of 40 bacterial species using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization.RESULTS: As a result of the only one minute brushing with the stannous fluoride dentifrice, the mean PII at Baseline was significantly lower (p < 0.05) from the mean PII at four weeks. No statistically significant differences were found between premolar and molar mean values. Moreover, no statistically significant differences were found between the mean GI at Baseline and at four weeks. The microbiological analysis showed that at baseline subjects in groups 2 and 4 had significantly higher bacterial loads of bacteria than groups 1, and 3 (i.e. A. actinomyctemcomitans P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and T. denticola. Over the study period, the total bacterial load did not change in groups 2, 3 and 4. In groups 1 and 3, however, an increase in the loads of Streptococci spp. were noticed (p < 0.05) including S. mitis, S. intermedius, and S. sanguis (p < 0.01) suggesting an increase in the presence of early colonizing and health associated bacteria.CONCLUSION: One minute brushing with a 0.454% stannous fluoride dentifrice did--after four weeks--not affect the subgingival microbial profiles in patients with moderate periodontitis and treated moderate to advanced periodontitis. However, the sulcular microbial profiles of mild gingivitis and caries-prone patients were affected, indicating a shift towards a gingival health associated microbiota in the sulcular region of patients not affected by attachment loss. RUNNING HEAD: Effect of stannous fluoride on sulcular microbiota.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Berglundh, Tord, 1954, et al.
(author)
-
Morphogenesis of the peri-implant mucosa: an experimental study in dogs.
- 2007
-
In: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 18:1, s. 1-8
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: The objective of the present experiment was to study the morphogenesis of the mucosal attachment to implants made of c.p. titanium. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All mandibular premolars were extracted in 20 Labrador dogs. After a healing period of 3 months, four implants (ITI Dental Implant System) were placed in the right and left sides of the mandible. A non-submerged implant installation technique was used and the mucosal tissues were secured to the conical marginal portion of the implants with interrupted sutures. The sutures were removed after 2 weeks and a plaque control program including daily cleaning of the remaining teeth and the implants was initiated. The animals were sacrificed and biopsies were obtained at various intervals to provide healing periods extending from Day 0 (2 h) to 12 weeks. The mandibles were removed and placed in the fixative. The implant sites were dissected using a diamond saw and processed for histological analysis. RESULTS: Large numbers of neutrophils infiltrated and degraded the coagulum that occupied the compartment between the mucosa and the implant during the initial phase of healing. At 2 weeks after surgery, fibroblasts were the dominating cell population in the connective tissue interface but at 4 weeks the density of fibroblasts had decreased. Furthermore, the first signs of epithelial proliferation were observed in specimens representing 1-2 weeks of healing and a mature barrier epithelium occurred after 6-8 weeks of healing. The collagen fibers of the mucosa were organized after 4-6 weeks of healing. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the soft-tissue attachment to implants placed using a non-submerged installation procedure is properly established after several weeks following surgery.
|
|
| 11. |
- Berglundh, Tord, 1954, et al.
(author)
-
Peri-implant Mucositis and Peri-implantitis
- 2008
-
In: Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry. - Oxford : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 9781405160995 ; , s. 529-538
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
|
|
| 12. |
- Berglundh, Tord, 1954, et al.
(author)
-
Spontaneous progression of ligature induced peri-implantitis at implants with different surface roughness: an experimental study in dogs.
- 2007
-
In: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 18:5, s. 655-61
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Peri-implantitis is associated with the presence of submarginal plaque, soft-tissue inflammation and advanced breakdown of the supporting bone. The progression of peri-implantitis following varying periods of continuing plaque accumulation has been studied in animal models. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current experiment was to study the progression of peri-implantitis around implants with different surface roughness. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In five beagle dogs, three implants with either a sandblasted acid-etched surface (SLA) or a polished surface (P) were installed bilaterally in the edentulous premolar regions. After 3 months on a plaque control regimen, experimental peri-implantitis was induced by ligature placement and plaque accumulation was allowed to progress until about 40% of the height of the supporting bone had been lost. After this 4-month period, ligatures were removed and plaque accumulation was continued for an additional 5 months. Radiographs of all implant sites were obtained before and after 'active' experimental peri-implantitis as well as at the end of the experiment. Biopsies were harvested and the tissue samples were prepared for light microscopy. The sections were used for histometric and morphometric examinations. RESULTS: The radiographic examinations indicated that similar amounts of bone loss occurred at SLA and P sites during the active breakdown period, while the progression of bone loss was larger at SLA than at polished sites following ligature removal. The histological examination revealed that both bone loss and the size of the inflammatory lesion in the connective tissue were larger in SLA than in polished implant sites. The area of plaque was also larger at implants with an SLA surface than at implants with a polished surface. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the progression of peri-implantitis, if left untreated, is more pronounced at implants with a moderately rough surface than at implants with a polished surface.
|
|
| 13. |
- Berglundh, Tord, 1954, et al.
(author)
-
Treatment of Peri-implant Lesions
- 2008
-
In: Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry. - Oxford : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 9781405160995 ; , s. 875-881
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
|
|
| 14. |
- Bieri, Regina Alessandri, et al.
(author)
-
Gingival fluid cytokine expression and subgingival bacterial counts during pregnancy and postpartum : a case series.
- 2013
-
In: Clinical Oral Investigations. - 1432-6981 .- 1436-3771. ; 17:1, s. 19-28
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess gingival fluid (GCF) cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) levels, subgingival bacteria, and clinical periodontal conditions during a normal pregnancy to postpartum.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subgingival bacterial samples were analyzed with the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method. GCF samples were assessed with real-time PCR including five proinflammatory cytokines and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor.RESULTS: Nineteen pregnant women with a mean age of 32 years (S.D. ± 4 years, range 26-42) participated in the study. Full-mouth bleeding scores (BOP) decreased from an average of 41.2% (S.D. ± 18.6%) at the 12th week of pregnancy to 26.6% (S.D. ± 14.4%) at the 4-6 weeks postpartum (p < 0.001). Between week 12 and 4-6 weeks postpartum, the mean probing pocket depth changed from 2.4 mm (S.D. ± 0.4) to 2.3 mm (S.D. ± 0.3) (p = 0.34). Higher counts of Eubacterium saburreum, Parvimonas micra, Selenomonas noxia, and Staphylococcus aureus were found at week 12 of pregnancy than at the 4-6 weeks postpartum examinations (p < 0.001). During and after pregnancy, statistically significant correlations between BOP scores and bacterial counts were observed. BOP scores and GCF levels of selected cytokines were not related to each other and no differences in GCF levels of the cytokines were observed between samples from the 12th week of pregnancy to 4-6 weeks postpartum. Decreasing postpartum counts of Porphyromonas endodontalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were associated with decreasing levels of Il-8 and Il-1β.CONCLUSIONS: BOP decreased after pregnancy without any active periodontal therapy. Associations between bacterial counts and cytokine levels varied greatly in pregnant women with gingivitis and a normal pregnancy outcome. Postpartum associations between GCF cytokines and bacterial counts were more consistent.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Combined assessments of gingival fluid cytokines and subgingival bacteria may provide important information on host response.
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Duss, Christof, et al.
(author)
-
A randomized, controlled clinical trial on the clinical, microbiological, and staining effects of a novel 0.05% chlorhexidine/herbal extract and a 0.1% chlorhexidine mouthrinse adjunct to periodontal surgery
- 2010
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 37:11, s. 988-997
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Chlorhexidine (CHX) rinsing after periodontal surgery is common. We assessed the clinical and microbiological effects of two CHX concentrations following periodontal surgery. Materials and methods In a randomized, controlled clinical trial, 45 subjects were assigned to 4 weeks rinsing with a 0.05 CHX/herbal extract combination (test) or a 0.1% CHX solution. Clinical and staining effects were studied. Subgingival bacteria were assessed using the DNA-DNA checkerboard. Statistics included parametric and non-parametric tests (p < 0001 to declare significance at 80% power). Results At weeks 4 and 12, more staining was found in the control group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). A higher risk for staining was found in the control group (crude OR: 2.3:1, 95% CI: 1.3 to 4.4, p < 0.01). The absolute staining reduction in the test group was 21.1% (9 5% CI: 9.4-32.8%). Probing pocket depth (PPD) decreases were significant (p < 0.001) in both groups and similar (p=0.92). No rinse group differences in changes of bacterial counts for any species were found between baseline and week 12. Conclusions The test CHX rinse resulted in less tooth staining. At the study endpoint, similar and high counts of periodontal pathogens were found.
|
|
| 17. |
- Duss, Christof, et al.
(author)
-
A randomized, controlled clinical trial on the clinical, microbiological, and staining effects of a novel 0.05% chlorhexidine/herbal extract and a 0.1% chlorhexidine mouthrinse adjunct to periodontal surgery
- 2010
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 37:11, s. 988-997
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Chlorhexidine (CHX) rinsing after periodontal surgery is common. We assessed the clinical and microbiological effects of two CHX concentrations following periodontal surgery. Materials and methods In a randomized, controlled clinical trial, 45 subjects were assigned to 4 weeks rinsing with a 0.05 CHX/herbal extract combination (test) or a 0.1% CHX solution. Clinical and staining effects were studied. Subgingival bacteria were assessed using the DNA-DNA checkerboard. Statistics included parametric and non-parametric tests (p < 0001 to declare significance at 80% power). Results At weeks 4 and 12, more staining was found in the control group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). A higher risk for staining was found in the control group (crude OR: 2.3:1, 95% CI: 1.3 to 4.4, p < 0.01). The absolute staining reduction in the test group was 21.1% (9 5% CI: 9.4-32.8%). Probing pocket depth (PPD) decreases were significant (p < 0.001) in both groups and similar (p=0.92). No rinse group differences in changes of bacterial counts for any species were found between baseline and week 12. Conclusions The test CHX rinse resulted in less tooth staining. At the study endpoint, similar and high counts of periodontal pathogens were found.
|
|
| 18. |
- Ferrus, Jorge, et al.
(author)
-
Factors influencing ridge alterations following immediate implant placement into extraction sockets.
- 2010
-
In: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 21:1, s. 22-29
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract Aim: To identify factors that may influence ridge alterations occurring at the buccal aspect of the extraction site following immediate implant placement. Material and methods: In 93 subjects, single-tooth implants were placed immediately into extraction sockets in the maxilla (tooth locations 15-25). A series of measurements describing the extraction site were made immediately after implant installation and at re-entry, 16 weeks later. The implant sites were stratified according to four factors: (i) implant location (anterior/posterior), (ii) cause of tooth extraction (periodontitis/non-periodontitis), (iii) thickness of the buccal bone walls (1 mm) and (iv) the dimension of the horizontal buccal gap (1 mm). Results: (i) The location where the implant was placed (anterior/posterior) as well as (ii) the thickness of the buccal bone crest and (iii) the size of the horizontal buccal gap significantly influenced the amount of hard tissue alteration that occurred during a 4-month period of healing. At implant sites in the premolar segment, the fill of the horizontal gap was more pronounced than in the incisor-canine segment, while the vertical crest reduction was significantly smaller. Furthermore, at sites where the buccal bone wall was thick (>1 mm) and where the horizontal gap was large (>1 mm), the degree of gap fill was substantial. Conclusions: The thickness of the buccal bone wall as well as the dimension of the horizontal gap influenced the hard tissue alterations that occur following immediate implant placement into extraction sockets. To cite this article: Ferrus J, Cecchinato D, Pjetursson EB, Lang NP, Sanz M, Lindhe J. Factors influencing ridge alterations following immediate implant placement into extraction sockets. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. xx, 2009; 000-000.
|
|
| 19. |
- Fürst, Mirjam M, et al.
(author)
-
Bacterial colonization immediately after installation on oral titanium implants.
- 2007
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 18:4, s. 501-8
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Information on bacterial colonization immediately after dental implant insertion is limited.AIMS: (1) To assess the early colonization on titanium implants immediately after placement and throughout the first 12 post-surgical weeks, (2) to compare the microbiota at interproximal subgingival implant and adjacent tooth sites.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Subgingival plaque samples from implant and neighbouring teeth were studied by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization before surgery, 30 min after implant placement, and 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery.RESULTS: Comparing bacterial loads at implant sites between 30 min after placement with 1-week data showed that only the levels of Veillonella parvula (P<0.05) differed with higher loads at week 1 post-surgically. Week 12 data demonstrated significantly higher bacterial loads for 15/40 species at tooth sites compared with pre-surgery (P-values varying between 0.05 and 0.01). Between the period immediately after surgery and 12 weeks at implant sites, 29/40 species was more commonly found at 12 weeks. Included among these bacteria at implant sites were Porphyromonas gingivalis (P<0.05), Tannerella forsythia, (P<0.01), and Treponema denticola (P<0.001). Immediately post-surgery 5.9% of implants, and 26.2% of teeth, and at week 12, 15% of implants, and 39.1% of teeth harbored Staphylococcus aureus. Comparing tooth and implant sites, significantly higher bacterial loads were found at tooth sites for 27/40 species after 30 min following implant placement. This difference increased to 35/40 species at 12 weeks post-surgically.CONCLUSIONS: Bacterial colonization occurred within 30 min after implant placement. Early colonization patterns differed between implant and tooth surfaces.
|
|
| 20. |
- Gerber, Jeanne, et al.
(author)
-
Comparison of bacterial plaque samples from titanium implant and tooth surfaces by different methods.
- 2006
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 17:1, s. 1-7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Studies have shown similarities in the microflora between titanium implants or tooth sites when samples are taken by gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) sampling methods. The purpose of the present study was to study the microflora from curette and GCF samples using the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method to assess the microflora of patients who had at least one oral osseo-integrated implant and who were otherwise dentate. Plaque samples were taken from tooth/implant surfaces and from sulcular gingival surfaces with curettes, and from gingival fluid using filter papers. A total of 28 subjects (11 females) were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the subjects was 64.1 years (SD+/-4.7). On average, the implants studied had been in function for 3.7 years (SD+/-2.9). The proportion of Streptococcus oralis (P<0.02) and Fusobacterium periodonticum (P<0.02) was significantly higher at tooth sites (curette samples). The GCF samples yielded higher proportions for 28/40 species studies (P-values varying between 0.05 and 0.001). The proportions of Tannerella forsythia (T. forsythensis), and Treponema denticola were both higher in GCF samples (P<0.02 and P<0.05, respectively) than in curette samples (implant sites). The microbial composition in gingival fluid from samples taken at implant sites differed partly from that of curette samples taken from implant surfaces or from sulcular soft tissues, providing higher counts for most bacteria studied at implant surfaces, but with the exception of Porphyromonas gingivalis. A combination of GCF and curette sampling methods might be the most representative sample method.
|
|
| 21. |
- Heitz-Mayfield, Lisa J A, et al.
(author)
-
Clinical course of chronic periodontitis : II. Incidence, characteristics and time of occurrence of the initial periodontal lesion
- 2003
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 30:10, s. 902-8
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: The purpose of this study was to assess the initiation and progression of periodontal disease during adult life.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a 26-year longitudinal investigation of the initiation and progression of chronic periodontitis that started in 1969 and included 565 men of Norwegian middle class, 223 who had participated in some, but not all, intermediate examinations presented at the last survey in 1995. Fifty-four individuals were available for examination in all seven surveys.RESULTS: Covering the age range from 16 to 60 years, the study showed that at 16 years of age, 5% of the participants had initial loss of periodontal attachment (ILA > or = 2 mm) at one or more sites. Both the subject incidence and the site incidence increased with time, and by 32 years of age, all individuals had one or more sites with loss of attachment. As age progressed, new lesions affected sites, so that as these men approached 60 years of age approximately 50% of all available sites had ILA. An assessment of the intraoral distribution of the first periodontal lesion showed that, regardless of age, molars and bicuspids were most often affected. At and before the age of 40 years, the majority of ILA was found in buccal surfaces in the form of gingival recession. By 50 years, however, a greater proportion of sites presented with attachment loss attributed to pocket formation or a combination of pocket formation and gingival recession. As individuals neared 60 years of age, approximately half of the interproximal areas in posterior teeth had these lesions.CONCLUSION: This investigation has shown that, in a well-maintained population who practises oral home care and has regular check-ups, the incidence of incipient periodontal destruction increases with age, the highest rate occurs between 50 and 60 years, and gingival recession is the predominant lesion before 40 years, while periodontal pocketing is the principal mode of destruction between 50 and 60 years of age.
|
|
| 22. |
- Huynh-Ba, Guy, et al.
(author)
-
Analysis of the socket bone wall dimensions in the upper maxilla in relation to immediate implant placement.
- 2010
-
In: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 21:1, s. 37-42
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Animal and human researches have shown that immediate implant placement into extraction sockets failed to prevent socket dimensional changes following tooth extraction. It has been suggested that a minimal width of 1-2 mm of buccal bone is necessary to maintain a stable vertical dimension of the alveolar crest. AIM: To determine the dimensions of the bony wall at extraction sites in the esthetic zone (anterior teeth and premolars in the maxilla) and relate it to immediate implant placement. METHODS: As part of an ongoing prospective randomized-controlled multicenter clinical study on immediate implant placement, the width of the buccal and palatal bony walls was recorded at 93 extraction sites. RESULTS: The mean width of the buccal and palatal bony walls was 1 and 1.2 mm, respectively (P<0.05). For the anterior sites (canine to canine), the mean width of the buccal bony wall was 0.8 mm. For the posterior (premolar) sites, it was 1.1 mm (P<0.05). In the anterior sites, 87% of the buccal bony walls had a width < or = 1 mm and 3% of the walls were 2 mm wide. In the posterior sites, the corresponding values were 59% and 9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: If the criterion of a minimal buccal bone width of 2 mm to maintain a stable buccal bony wall is valid, only a limited number of sites in the anterior maxilla display such a clinical situation. The data suggested that in the majority of extraction sites in the anterior maxilla, thin (< or = 1 mm) buccal walls were present. This, in turn, means that in most clinical situations encountered, augmentation procedures are needed to achieve adequate bony contours around the implant.
|
|
| 23. |
- Katsoulis, Joannis, et al.
(author)
-
Proportional distribution of the red complex and its individual pathogens after sample storage using the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique.
- 2005
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 32:6, s. 628-633
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Information on the impact of sample storage prior to analysis by DNA methods is limited.AIMS: To investigate the effect of microbial sample storage on bacterial detection and proportional distribution of the red complex and its individual pathogens.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Subgingival plaque samples were analysed by (1) immediate processing, (2) after storage at +4 degrees C for 6 weeks, (3) after storage at -20 degrees C for 6 months or (4) after storage at -20 degrees C for 12 months using the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization.RESULTS: Proportional distribution of the red complex did not differ between the first three protocols. However, the total bacterial DNA for pathogens studied decreased significantly in protocols 3 and 4. Relative amounts of Tannerella forsythensis, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola remained stable in the second protocols and changed in an unpredictable way if stored for 6 or 12 months.CONCLUSIONS: Results from samples stored for maximum 6 months at -20 degrees C with high proportional amounts of the red complex and T. denticola may be used as an indicator of persistence. All bacterial samples for DNA extraction should be processed following a standardized storage protocol (i.e. samples stored at +4 degrees C for maximum 6 weeks) in order to get comparable qualitative and quantitative results for total DNA, bacterial complexes and individual pathogens. Most representative results are yielded if processing and hybridization could be performed immediately after sampling.
|
|
| 24. |
- Klinge, Björn, et al.
(author)
-
The patient undergoing implant therapy : Summary and consensus statements: The 4th EAO Consensus Conference 2015
- 2015
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 26:S11, s. 64-67
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: The assignment for this working group was to update the existing knowledge regarding factors considered being of special relevance for the patient undergoing implant therapy. This included areas where conflicting opinions exists since long or recently has been expressed, like the role of antibiotic prophylaxis in dental implant surgery and peri-implantitis. Also areas with growing interest and concern such as patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and health-economy was included in this review. Materials and methods: The literature in the respective areas of interest (antibiotic prophylaxis, peri-implantitis, patient-reported outcome measurements and health-economic aspects) was searched using different strategies for the different papers. Search strategies ranged from a complex systematic review to systematic-and narrative reviews, depending on subject and available literature. All collected material was critically reviewed. Four manuscripts were subsequently presented for group analysis and discussion and plenum discussions and concensus approval. The selected areas were considered to be of key importance and relevance for the patient undergoing implant therapy. Results: The results and conclusions of the review process are presented in the respective papers. The group's conclusions, identified knowledge gaps, directions for future research and concensus statements are presented in this article. The following reviews were available for group discussions and the foundation for subsequent plenary sessions: Lund B, Hultin M, Tranaeus S, Naimi-Akbar A, Klinge B. (2015) Perioperative antibiotics in conjunction with dental implant placement. A complex systematic review. Renvert S & Quirynen M. (2015) Risk indicators for peri-implantitis. A narrative review. De Bruyn H, Raes S, Matthys C, Cosyn J. (2015) The current use of patient centered/reported outcomes in implant dentistry. A systematic review. Beikler T & Flemmig T. F. (2015) Economic evaluation of implant-supported prostheses. A narrative review.
|
|
| 25. |
- Kolonidis, Stavros G, et al.
(author)
-
Osseointegration on implant surfaces previously contaminated with plaque. An experimental study in the dog
- 2003
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 14:4, s. 373-380
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study investigated whether osseointegration can occur on a surface which had previously been coated with dental plaque. The mandibular premolar regions of four young adult Labrador dogs were used for the study. The lower premolars (P1, P2, P3, and P4) were extracted on either side of the mandibles. Following a 12-week healing period, three 3.75 mm x 13 mm commercially pure titanium implants (Nobel BiocareAB, Gothenburg, Sweden) were partially inserted in one side of each mandible. This resulted in some threads protruding from the tissues into the oral cavity. Plaque was allowed to accumulate on the exposed implant surfaces. Following a 5-week healing period, the contaminated parts of each implant were treated using three different cleaning techniques: (1) swabbing with supersaturated citric acid for 30 s on a cotton pellet followed by rinsing with physiological saline, (2) cleansing with a toothbrush and physiological saline only for 1 min, and (3) swabbing with 10% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on a cotton pellet for 1 min followed by rinsing with physiological saline. The treated implants and one previously unused implant (control) were then placed into freshly prepared tapped sites to the full implant length on the contralateral sides of the mandibles. Following 11 weeks of healing, biopsies were obtained and ground sections prepared for histomorphometric analysis. All treatment modalities were associated with direct bone to implant contact on the portion of implant surface previously exposed to the oral environment. In conclusion, The results demonstrate that osseointegration can occur to surfaces that were plaque contaminated and cleaned by different methods.
|
|
| 26. |
- Kolonidis, Stavros G, et al.
(author)
-
Osseointegration on implant surfaces previously contaminated with plaque. An experimental study in the dog
- 2003
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 14:4, s. 373-380
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study investigated whether osseointegration can occur on a surface which had previously been coated with dental plaque. The mandibular premolar regions of four young adult Labrador dogs were used for the study. The lower premolars (P1, P2, P3, and P4) were extracted on either side of the mandibles. Following a 12-week healing period, three 3.75 mm x 13 mm commercially pure titanium implants (Nobel BiocareAB, Gothenburg, Sweden) were partially inserted in one side of each mandible. This resulted in some threads protruding from the tissues into the oral cavity. Plaque was allowed to accumulate on the exposed implant surfaces. Following a 5-week healing period, the contaminated parts of each implant were treated using three different cleaning techniques: (1) swabbing with supersaturated citric acid for 30 s on a cotton pellet followed by rinsing with physiological saline, (2) cleansing with a toothbrush and physiological saline only for 1 min, and (3) swabbing with 10% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on a cotton pellet for 1 min followed by rinsing with physiological saline. The treated implants and one previously unused implant (control) were then placed into freshly prepared tapped sites to the full implant length on the contralateral sides of the mandibles. Following 11 weeks of healing, biopsies were obtained and ground sections prepared for histomorphometric analysis. All treatment modalities were associated with direct bone to implant contact on the portion of implant surface previously exposed to the oral environment. In conclusion, The results demonstrate that osseointegration can occur to surfaces that were plaque contaminated and cleaned by different methods.
|
|
| 27. |
- Lang, Niklaus P, et al.
(author)
-
Clinical research in implant dentistry : evaluation of implant-supported restorations, aesthetic and patient-reported outcomes
- 2012
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 39:Suppl 12, s. 133-138
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The articles discussed in working group 3 dealt with specific aspects of clinical research. In this context, the literature reporting on survival and complication rates of implant-supported or implant-tooth supported restorations in longitudinal studies of at least 5 years were discussed. The second aspect dealt with the evaluation of aesthetic outcomes in clinical studies and the related index systems available. Finally, the third aspect discussed dealt with patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). A detailed appraisal of the available methodology was presented.
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
- Lang, Niklaus P., et al.
(author)
-
Implant surfaces and design (Working Group 4)
- 2009
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 20 Suppl 4, s. 228-231
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: The remit of this working group (4) was to update existing knowledge on the effects of implant surface topography, composition and design on bone integration and re-osseointegration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Based on five narrative reviews that were performed following a defined search strategy, clinical implications as well as suggestions for further research have been formulated. RESULTS: The results and conclusions of the review processes in the following papers together with the group consensus, clinical implications and directions for future research are presented: 1. Effects of titanium surface topography on bone integration. 2. Effects of implant surface coatings and composition on bone integration (two reviews). 3. Effects of different implant surfaces and designs on marginal bone level alterations. 4. Re-osseointegration onto previously contaminated implant surfaces.
|
|
| 30. |
- Lang, Niklaus P., et al.
(author)
-
Implant surfaces and design (Working Group 4)
- 2009
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 20 Suppl 4, s. 228-231
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: The remit of this working group (4) was to update existing knowledge on the effects of implant surface topography, composition and design on bone integration and re-osseointegration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Based on five narrative reviews that were performed following a defined search strategy, clinical implications as well as suggestions for further research have been formulated. RESULTS: The results and conclusions of the review processes in the following papers together with the group consensus, clinical implications and directions for future research are presented: 1. Effects of titanium surface topography on bone integration. 2. Effects of implant surface coatings and composition on bone integration (two reviews). 3. Effects of different implant surfaces and designs on marginal bone level alterations. 4. Re-osseointegration onto previously contaminated implant surfaces.
|
|
| 31. |
|
|
| 32. |
- Lang, Niklaus P, et al.
(author)
-
Trauma from Occlusion: Peri-implant Tissues
- 2008
-
In: Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry. - Oxford : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 9781405160995 ; , s. 363-373
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
|
|
| 33. |
- Lindhe, Jan, 1935, et al.
(author)
-
Osseointegration
- 2008
-
In: Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry. - Oxford : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 9781405160995 ; , s. 99-107
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
|
|
| 34. |
- Moser, Peter, et al.
(author)
-
Maintenance of periodontal attachment levels in prosthetically treated patients with gingivitis or moderate chronic periodontitis 5-17 years post therapy.
- 2002
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 29:6, s. 531-539
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The present retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the long-term results of initial periodontal and fixed prosthodontic treatment in patients with gingivitis or moderate chronic periodontitis during post-therapeutic irregular maintenance of 5-17 years.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-four patients participated in the study. Baseline data were taken from the patients' records when the periodontal and the prosthetic treatment was finished. A follow-up examination was performed in conjunction with the radiographic examination including assessment of plaque, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, recession and probing attachment loss. Information regarding the oral hygiene habits of the subjects as well as the amount of dental and initial therapy received between the observation time was obtained from the patients' records.RESULTS: The results from the clinical trial revealed that during the mean examination period of 11 years only 31 teeth were lost. The remaining restored and non-restored teeth did not show any significant differences in attachment loss (from 2.9 mm to 3.0 mm) in spite of a higher plaque value at the follow-up examination (from 42% to 48%). The BoP remained stable in the same time period and scored 31% to 28%.CONCLUSIONS: The periodontal attachment levels were maintained during a prolonged period despite irregular maintenance care. This indicates that in a population of obviously decreased susceptibility to chronic periodontitis, it is possible that fixed reconstructions will not - even under suboptimal supportive care - jeopardize the periodontal status.
|
|
| 35. |
- Persson, G. Rutger, et al.
(author)
-
Antimicrobial therapy using a local drug delivery system (Arestin) in the treatment of peri-implantitis. I : Microbiological outcomes
- 2006
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 17:4, s. 386-393
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To assess the microbiological outcome of local administration of minocycline hydrochloride microspheres 1 mg (Arestin) in cases with peri-implantitis and with a follow-up period of 12 months.MATERIAL AND METHODS: After debridement, and local administration of chlorhexidine gel, peri-implantitis cases were treated with local administration of minocycline microspheres (Arestin). The DNA-DNA checkerboard hybridization method was used to detect bacterial presence during the first 360 days of therapy.RESULTS: At Day 10, lower bacterial loads for 6/40 individual bacteria including Actinomyces gerensceriae (P<0.1), Actinomyces israelii (P<0.01), Actinomyces naeslundi type 1 (P<0.01) and type 2 (P<0.03), Actinomyces odontolyticus (P<0.01), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P<0.01) and Treponema socranskii (P<0.01) were found. At Day 360 only the levels of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were lower than at baseline (mean difference: 1x10(5); SE difference: 0.34x10(5), 95% CI: 0.2x10(5) to 1.2x10(5); P<0.03). Six implants were lost between Days 90 and 270. The microbiota was successfully controlled in 48%, and with definitive failures (implant loss and major increase in bacterial levels) in 32% of subjects.CONCLUSIONS: At study endpoint, the impact of Arestin on A. actinomycetemcomitans was greater than the impact on other pathogens. Up to Day 180 reductions in levels of Tannerella forsythia, P. gingivalis, and Treponema denticola were also found. Failures in treatment could not be associated with the presence of specific pathogens or by the total bacterial load at baseline. Statistical power analysis suggested that a case control study would require approximately 200 subjects.
|
|
| 36. |
- Polyzois, Ioannis, et al.
(author)
-
Effect of Bio-Oss (R) on osseointegration of dental implants surrounded by circumferential bone defects of different dimensions : an experimental study in the dog
- 2007
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. - 0905-7161 ; 18:3, s. 304-310
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of gap width and graft placement on bone healing around implants placed in simulated extraction sockets of various widths in four Labrador dogs. Materials and Methods: Five Osseotite (R) implants per dog were placed in the mandible of four dogs. Two implants were inserted into sites with a 2.37 mm and two with a 1 mm gap present between the implants and bone around the coronal 6 mm of the implants in each dog. For one of each gap sizes, the gap was filled with Bio-Oss (R), and the other two with blood alone. A fifth implant was inserted without a gap and used as a control. Ground sections were prepared from biopsies taken at 4 months and histometric measurements of osseointegration and bone between the threads made for the coronal 6 mm. Results: The medians for osseointegration ranged from 5.2 mm for control to 1-2.6 mm for the test modalities. There were significant differences for linear measurements of osseointegration ((2)(chi) 18.27; df 4; P = 0.0011) and bone area within threads (chi(2) 23.4; df 4; P = 0.0001) between test modalities. Conclusions: The results suggest that the wider the gap around the implants, the less favourable the histological outcome at short time intervals following treatment. They also infer that bone grafting with anorganic bovine bone xenograft seems to lead to a more favourable histological outcome for wider circumferential defects but not for narrower defects.
|
|
| 37. |
- Polyzois, Ioannis, et al.
(author)
-
Effect of Bio-Oss (R) on osseointegration of dental implants surrounded by circumferential bone defects of different dimensions : an experimental study in the dog
- 2007
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 18:3, s. 304-310
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of gap width and graft placement on bone healing around implants placed in simulated extraction sockets of various widths in four Labrador dogs. Materials and Methods: Five Osseotite (R) implants per dog were placed in the mandible of four dogs. Two implants were inserted into sites with a 2.37 mm and two with a 1 mm gap present between the implants and bone around the coronal 6 mm of the implants in each dog. For one of each gap sizes, the gap was filled with Bio-Oss (R), and the other two with blood alone. A fifth implant was inserted without a gap and used as a control. Ground sections were prepared from biopsies taken at 4 months and histometric measurements of osseointegration and bone between the threads made for the coronal 6 mm. Results: The medians for osseointegration ranged from 5.2 mm for control to 1-2.6 mm for the test modalities. There were significant differences for linear measurements of osseointegration ((2)(chi) 18.27; df 4; P = 0.0011) and bone area within threads (chi(2) 23.4; df 4; P = 0.0001) between test modalities. Conclusions: The results suggest that the wider the gap around the implants, the less favourable the histological outcome at short time intervals following treatment. They also infer that bone grafting with anorganic bovine bone xenograft seems to lead to a more favourable histological outcome for wider circumferential defects but not for narrower defects.
|
|
| 38. |
- Renvert, Stefan, 1951-, et al.
(author)
-
Analysis of periodontal risk profiles in adults with or without a history of myocardial infarction
- 2004
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 31:1, s. 19-24
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: An association between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases has been suggested.AIMS: To study whether a combination of clinical variables in a functional risk diagram enhanced the ability to differentiate between subjects with or without an immediate history of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).MATERIAL AND METHODS: A functional periodontal pentagon risk diagram (PPRD) with five periodontal risk vectors was created. The surface of individual PPRDs was calculated using data from 88 subjects with recent AMI and 80 matched control subjects with no history of AMI.RESULTS: Age, gender, number of remaining teeth (mean value: 21.1 versus 21.6 teeth), smoking status, and pocket probing depth (PPD) distribution did not differ by group. Gingival recession was greater in control subjects (mean difference: 5.7, SD: +/- 1.9, p<0.01, 95% CI: 1.8-9.6). Bone loss > or = 4.0 mm was at all levels studied was significantly greater in subjects with AMI and bone loss > or = 50% (> or = 4 mm) was the best individual predictor of AMI (beta = 2.99, p < 0.000, 95% CI: 7.5-53.4). Only PPRD scores were associated with AMI status when factors not included in the PPRD were studied (beta = 22.1, SE: 5.9, p < 0.0001, 95% CI: 10.3-33.7). The best association between AMI status and study variables was the combination of > or = 4 mm of bone loss > or = 50%, proportion of bleeding on probing (%BOP), %PPDs > or = 6 mm, and tooth loss (Nagelkirke r2 = 0.46).CONCLUSIONS: The combination of five periodontal parameters in a PPRD added predictive value, suggesting that comprehensive data should be used in studies of associations between periodontitis and heart diseases. Radiographic evidence of bone loss was the best individual parameter.
|
|
| 39. |
- Renvert, Stefan, et al.
(author)
-
Analysis of periodontal risk profiles in adults with or without a history of myocardial infarction
- 2004
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 31:1, s. 19-24
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: An association between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases has been suggested. AIMS: To study whether a combination of clinical variables in a functional risk diagram enhanced the ability to differentiate between subjects with or without an immediate history of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A functional periodontal pentagon risk diagram (PPRD) with five periodontal risk vectors was created. The surface of individual PPRDs was calculated using data from 88 subjects with recent AMI and 80 matched control subjects with no history of AMI. RESULTS: Age, gender, number of remaining teeth (mean value: 21.1 versus 21.6 teeth), smoking status, and pocket probing depth (PPD) distribution did not differ by group. Gingival recession was greater in control subjects (mean difference: 5.7, SD: +/- 1.9, p<0.01, 95% CI: 1.8-9.6). Bone loss > or = 4.0 mm was at all levels studied was significantly greater in subjects with AMI and bone loss > or = 50% (> or = 4 mm) was the best individual predictor of AMI (beta = 2.99, p < 0.000, 95% CI: 7.5-53.4). Only PPRD scores were associated with AMI status when factors not included in the PPRD were studied (beta = 22.1, SE: 5.9, p < 0.0001, 95% CI: 10.3-33.7). The best association between AMI status and study variables was the combination of > or = 4 mm of bone loss > or = 50%, proportion of bleeding on probing (%BOP), %PPDs > or = 6 mm, and tooth loss (Nagelkirke r2 = 0.46). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of five periodontal parameters in a PPRD added predictive value, suggesting that comprehensive data should be used in studies of associations between periodontitis and heart diseases. Radiographic evidence of bone loss was the best individual parameter.
|
|
| 40. |
- Salvi, Giovanni E, et al.
(author)
-
Adjunctive local antibiotic therapy in the treatment of peri-implantitis II : clinical and radiographic outcomes.
- 2007
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 18:3, s. 281-285
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: To monitor over 12 months clinical and radiographic changes occurring after adjunctive local delivery of minocycline microspheres for the treatment of peri-implantitis.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 25 partially edentulous subjects, 31 implants diagnosed with peri-implantitis were treated. Three weeks after oral hygiene instruction, mechanical debridement and local antiseptic cleansing using 0.2% chlorhexidine gel, baseline (Day 0) parameters were recorded. Minocycline microspheres (Arestin) were locally delivered to each implant site with bone loss and a probing pocket depth (PPD) >or=5 mm. Rescue therapy with Arestin was allowed at Days 180 and 270 at any site exhibiting an increase in PPD>or=2 mm from the previous visit. The following clinical parameters were recorded at four sites/implant at Day 0, 10, 30, 60, 90, 180, 270 and 360: PPD, clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque index (PlI).RESULTS: Six implants in six subjects were either rescued or exited because of persisting active peri-implantitis. Successful implants showed a statistically significant reduction in both PPD and percentage of sites with BOP between baseline and Day 360 (P<0.05). At mesial implant sites, the mean PPD reduction amounted to 1.6 mm (95% CI: 0.9-2.2 mm, P<0.001) and was accompanied by a statistically significant reduction of the BOP value (P<0.001). Binary regression analysis showed that the clinical parameters and smoking history could not discriminate between successfully treated and rescued or exited implants at any observation time point.CONCLUSION: Non-surgical mechanical treatment of peri-implantitis lesions with adjunctive local delivery of microencapsulated minocycline led to positive effects on clinical parameters up to 12 months.
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
| 42. |
- Salvi, Giovanni E, et al.
(author)
-
Experimental gingivitis in type 1 diabetics : a controlled clinical and microbiological study.
- 2005
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 32:3, s. 310-316
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To monitor clinical and microbiological changes during experimental gingivitis in type 1 diabetics and non-diabetics.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine type 1 diabetics with good/moderate metabolic control and nine age-gender matched non-diabetics were recruited. Probing pocket depths in all subjects did not exceed 4 mm and none were affected by attachment loss. According to the original model, an experimental 3-week plaque accumulation resulting in experimental gingivitis development and a subsequent 2-week period of optimal plaque control were staged. Subgingival plaque samples were collected at days 0, 21 and 35 from one site per quadrant, pooled and analysed using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization.RESULTS: Diabetics (mean age 25.6+/-5.8 standard deviation (SD), range 16-35 years) had a mean HbA1c level of 8.1+/-0.7% (SD), while non-diabetics (mean age 24.8+/-5.7 (SD), range 15-36 years) were metabolically controlled (HbA1c< or =6.5%). Between Days 0, 21 and 35, no statistically significant differences in mean plaque and gingival index scores were observed between diabetics and non-diabetics. At days 7 and 21, however, diabetics showed statistically significantly higher percentages of sites with gingival index scores > or =2 compared with non-diabetics. Mean DNA probe counts of the red and orange complex species increased significantly (p<0.05) between days 0 and 21 and decreased significantly (p<0.05) between days 21 and 35 in both groups.CONCLUSION: Both diabetics and non-diabetics react to experimental plaque accumulation with gingival inflammation. Type 1 diabetics, however, develop an earlier and higher inflammatory response to a comparable bacterial challenge.
|
|
| 43. |
- Salvi, Giovanni E, et al.
(author)
-
One-year bacterial colonization patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and other bacteria at implants and adjacent teeth.
- 2008
-
In: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 19:3, s. 242-248
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: (i) To assess the pattern of early bacterial colonization on titanium oral implants after installation, at 12 weeks and at 12 months, (ii) to compare the microbiota at submucosal implant sites and adjacent subgingival tooth sites and (iii) to assess whether or not early colonization was predictive of 12-month colonization patterns.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Submucosal/subgingival plaque samples from 17 titanium oral implants and adjacent teeth were analyzed by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization 30 min, 12 weeks and 12 months after implant installation.RESULTS: At 12 months, none of the inserted implants had been lost or presented with signs of peri-implantitis. The distribution of sites at implants and teeth with bleeding on probing varied between 2% and 11%. Probing pocket depths < or =3 mm were found at 75% of implant sites. At 12 months, the sum of the bacterial counts of 40 species was statistically significantly higher at tooth compared with implant sites (mean difference: 34.4 x 10(5), 95% confidence interval -0.4 to 69.4, P<0.05). At 12 months, higher individual bacterial counts at tooth sites were found for 7/40 species compared with implant sites. Detection or lack of detection of Staphylococcus aureus at implant sites at 12 weeks resulted in the highest positive (e.g. 80%) and negative (e.g. 90%) predictive values, respectively. Between 12 weeks and 12 months, the prevalence of Tannerella forsythia increased statistically significantly at implant sites (P<0.05). Lack of detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis at 12 weeks yielded a negative predictive value of 93.1% of this microorganism being undetectable at implant sites at 12 months.CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of this study, the findings showed (i) a few differences in the prevalence of bacterial species between implant and adjacent tooth sites at 12 months and (ii) high positive and negative predictive values for selected bacterial species.
|
|
| 44. |
- Salvi, Giovanni E, et al.
(author)
-
Pro-inflammatory biomarkers during experimental gingivitis in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus : a proof-of-concept study.
- 2010
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 37:1, s. 9-16
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: To compare gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) biomarker levels and microbial distribution in plaque biofilm (SP) samples for subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) versus healthy subjects without diabetes during experimental gingivitis (EG).MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of nine T1DM patients and nine healthy controls of age and gender similar to the T1DM patients were monitored for 35 days during EG. Hygiene practices were stopped for 3 weeks, and GCF, SP, plaque index (PI) and gingival index were determined. IL-1beta, IL-8, MMP-8 and MMP-9 were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and SP samples were assessed by DNA-DNA hybridization for a panel of 40 subgingival microbial species.RESULTS: IL-1beta levels in T1DM patients were elevated compared with healthy individuals, and showed differences between groups at 7-21 days while healthy patients showed IL-1beta increases from baseline to 14-21 days (p<0.05). Differences were observed in MMP-9 levels between patients with and without T1DM at 7-14 days (p<0.05). Orange complex species and PI measurements displayed a superior correlation with biomarker levels when compared with other complexes or clinical measurements during EG.CONCLUSIONS: The mean GCF biomarker levels for IL-1beta and MMP-8 were most significantly elevated in T1DM subjects compared with healthy individuals during EG, not resulting from differences in the mean PI or microbial composition.
|
|
| 45. |
|
|
| 46. |
- Sanz, Mariano, et al.
(author)
-
A prospective, randomized-controlled clinical trial to evaluate bone preservation using implants with different geometry placed into extraction sockets in the maxilla.
- 2010
-
In: Clinical oral implants research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 21:1, s. 13-21
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract Aim: The primary objective of this study was to determine the association between the size of the void established by using two different implant configurations and the amount of buccal/palatal bone loss that occurred during 16 weeks of healing following their installation into extraction sockets. Material and methods: The clinical trial was designed as a prospective, randomized-controlled parallel-group multicenter study. Adults in need of one or more implants replacing teeth to be removed in the maxilla within the region 15-25 were recruited. Following tooth extraction, the site was randomly allocated to receive either a cylindrical (group A) or a tapered implant (group B). After implant installation, a series of measurements were made to determine the dimension of the ridge and the void between the implant and the extraction socket. These measurements were repeated at the re-entry procedure after 16 weeks. Results: The study demonstrated that the removal of single teeth and the immediate placement of an implant resulted in marked alterations of the dimension of the buccal ridge (43% and 30%) and the horizontal (80-63%) as well as the vertical (69-65%) gap between the implant and the bone walls. Although the dimensional changes were not significantly different between the two-implant configurations, both the horizontal and the vertical gap changes were greater in group A than in group B. Conclusions: Implant placement into extraction sockets will result in significant bone reduction of the alveolar ridge. To cite this article: Sanz M, Cecchinato D, Ferrus J, Pjetursson EB, Lang NP, Jan L. A prospective, randomized-controlled clinical trial to evaluate bone preservation using implants with different geometry placed into extraction sockets in the maxilla. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. xx, 2009; 000-000.
|
|
| 47. |
|
|
| 48. |
- Schou, Søren, et al.
(author)
-
Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis.
- 2004
-
In: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - 0882-2786. ; 19, s. 140-9
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis lesions can be performed in cases with considerable pocket formation (larger than 5 mm) and bone loss after the acute infection has been resolved and proper oral hygiene has been instituted. A literature review was conducted to ascertain current knowledge about surgical treatment options for peri-implantitis around commercially pure titanium implants. Recently reported animal studies involving implants with a rough surface indicate that considerable bone regeneration and re-osseointegration can be obtained by using membrane-covered autogenous bone graft particles. However, comparisons of the treatment outcomes in studies involving humans and animals are difficult because of differences in implant type, graft type, and evaluation protocols. In addition, different treatment procedures, including implant surface decontamination methods, have been used. Therefore, further long-term studies in humans involving sufficient numbers of subjects are needed to provide a solid basis for recommendations regarding the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. Moreover, the encouraging treatment outcomes of regenerative procedures recently revealed in animal experiments and applied in the treatment of peri-implantitis around implants with sandblasted/acid-etched surfaces have not yet been documented for implants with other surfaces, especially turned surfaces. Numerous implant surface decontamination methods have been suggested as part of the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. Decontamination of affected implants with titanium plasma-sprayed or sandblasted/acid-etched surfaces may most easily and effectively be achieved by applying gauze soaked alternately in chlorhexidine and saline.
|
|
| 49. |
- Schätzle, Marc, et al.
(author)
-
Clinical course of chronic periodontitis : I. Role of gingivitis
- 2003
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 30:10, s. 887-901
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of long-standing gingival inflammation on periodontal attachment loss. On the basis of repeated examinations, the present report describes the influence of gingival inflammation on the initiation of periodontitis from 16 to 59 years of age.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data originated from a 26-year longitudinal study of Norwegian males, who practiced daily oral home care and received state-of-the-art dental care. The initial examination included 565 individuals. Subsequent examinations took place in 1971, 1973, 1975, 1981, 1988 and 1995. Thus, the study covers the age range of 16-59 years. All tooth sites were divided into four categories according to their history of gingival inflammation over the entire observation period: sites always scoring GI = 0, GI = 1 and GI = 2 sites (GI = gingival index). Sites disclosing various GI scores at different observation periods were not considered.RESULTS: The mean cumulative attachment loss for non-inflamed (GI = 0) sites in individuals approaching 60 years of age was 1.94 mm. Sites always scoring GI = 1 yielded 2.42 mm, and sites that always scored GI = 2 exhibited 3.31 mm of periodontal attachment loss. At interproximal sites of all three groups where gingival trauma was assumed to be minimal or non-existent, only very few sites expressed attachment loss due to gingival recession (2-4%). At interproximal sites always scoring GI = 0, 20% loss of attachment was in the form of pocket formation by 59 years of age. The GI = 1 and the GI = 2 cohorts exhibited attachment loss with pocket formation in 28% and 54%, respectively.CONCLUSION: This study has shown that, as men approach 60 years of age, gingival sites that throughout the 26 years of observation bled on probing had approximately 70% more attachment loss than sites that were consistently non-inflamed (GI = 0). Before 40 years of age, there was a slight increase in periodontal attachment loss due to pocket formation, but after this, the frequency increased significantly. Loss of attachment due to gingival recession was very small in all three groups. The fact that sites with non-inflamed gingiva also exhibited some loss of attachment and pocket formation may be explained by fluctuation in the variations of tissue status during long observation intervals combined with the presence of subclinical inflammation.
|
|
| 50. |
- Schätzle, Marc, et al.
(author)
-
Clinical course of chronic periodontitis : III. Patterns, variations and risks of attachment loss
- 2003
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 30:10, s. 909-18
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: The purpose of this study was to assess the rate of attachment loss during various stages of adult life in a well-maintained middle-class population.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data originated from a 26-year longitudinal study of Norwegian males who had received regular and adequate dental care and practised daily oral home care. The initial examination in 1969 included 565 individuals aged between 16 and 34 years. Subsequent examinations took place in 1971, 1973, 1975, 1981, 1988 and 1995. Thus, the study covers the age range of 16-59 years. The rate of the annual attachment loss was calculated as the difference between the individual mean attachment loss between two examinations divided by the years between examinations. The mean annualized relative risk of attachment loss was calculated as the frequency distribution of sites with initial periodontal attachment loss (loss of attachment at the first time of occurrence > or = 2 mm) and healthy sites (loss of attachment always < 2 mm). For comparison of significant changes in annual attachment loss rates between the age groups and mean annualized relative risks of attachment loss as they proceeded through adult life, the Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney U-test was used.RESULTS: The mean overall individual attachment loss during 44 years (between 16 and 59 years) totaled 2.44 mm (range 0.14-2.44 mm), averaging an annual mean rate of 0.05 mm/year. The highest annual rate of attachment loss occurred before 35 years of age (0.08-0.1 mm/year), after which the mean annual rate decreased to about 0.04-0.06 mm/year for the next three decades of life leading to 60 years. The mean annualized relative risk of initial attachment loss increased significantly from adolescence (1.2%) to the maximum at 30-34 years of age (6.9%). After the age of 34 years, the risk of initial attachment loss decreased again, but after the age of 40 years, another continuous increase was observed.CONCLUSIONS: Over a 26-year period, 25% of the subjects went through adult life with healthy and stable periodontal conditions. The remaining 75% developed slight to moderately progressing periodontal disease with progression rates varying between 0.02 and 0.1 mm/year with a cumulative mean of loss of attachment of 2.44 mm as they approached 60 years of age. The annual mean rate and the mean annualized risk of initial attachment loss were highest between 16 and 34 years of age. Only 20% of the sites continued to lose further attachment during the remainder of the observation period, and less than 1% of the sites showed substantial loss of attachment (> 4 mm).
|
|
