| 1. |
- Aksouh, F., et al.
(författare)
-
STUDY OF THE O-15(2p,gamma)Ne-17 CROSS SECTION BY COULOMB DISSOCIATION OF Ne-17 FOR THE rp PROCESS OF NUCLEOSYNTHESIS
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Acta Physica Polonica, Series B.. - 1509-5770 .- 0587-4254. ; 45:2, s. 229-234
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The O-15(2p, gamma)Ne-17 cross section has been studied by the inverse reaction, the Coulomb dissociation of Ne-17. The experiment has been performed at the GSI. The Ne-17 excitation energy prior to decay has been reconstructed by using the invariant-mass method. The preliminary differential and integral Coulomb dissociation cross sections (sigma(Coul)) have been extracted, which provide a photoabsorption (sigma(photo)) and a radiative capture cross section (sigma(cap)). Additionally, important information about the Ne-17 nuclear structure will be obtained. The analysis is in progress.
|
|
| 2. |
- Anrup, Roland, et al.
(författare)
-
Centrala universitetsvärden hotas av bolagiseringsidén
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Dagens nyheter. - 1101-2447.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Högskolestiftelser. Förslaget att driva svenska universitet i stiftelseform öppnar för bolagisering. Men det är ingen riktig utredning, utan en politisk pamflett utan eftertanke. Privatisering av universitet hotar både oberoendet, forskningskvaliteten och samhällsnyttan, skriver 36 forskare vid svenska högskolor och universitet.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Bergström, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
-
Needs as a basis for design rationale
- 2008
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A basic principle for Needfinding [Faste, 1987; Patnaik & Becker, 1999] is that designers and engineers should interact directly with users to get direct insights into the user domain. Needfinding is not a new phenomena, it is almost forty years ago since the process was adopted at Stanford University’s product design program [Patnaik & Becker, 1999]. As the name, Need-finding, implies, this is an intertwined approach to find needs which are not readily articulated by users. The application of a Needfinding process offers qualitative methods to make those needs visible early on in product development. In fact, the process has become more interesting during recent time, since qualitative methods have gained more acceptance outside the academic realm [ibid.].The word qualitative indicates that what are sought for are qualities such as people’s experiences, what they perceive or interpret into a situation [Miles & Huberman, 1994; Patton, 2002]. Such data is contextually dependent, i.e., it must be generated in the context in which the phenomena occur. Besides context, people’s activities, behaviours and goals are important to observe and learn from. The objectives, for applying Needfinding, are to make the identification of needs and design a seamless effort, as well as an interest to identify opportunities to innovations. Needs last longer than any solution [Patnaik & Becker, 1999], since they are grounded in people’s activities. The solution and product that might meet such needs change over time. One example is how to store computer data, the products which satisfy the need has changed from, e.g., punch cards, magnetic tape, floppy discs [ibid.] to USB-flash memories. A guiding methodology in Needfinding is a flexible process, which is adapted to the task at hand [Kelley, 2001]. Such a process is conveyed in a few basic steps and, builds on a ‘philosophy’ which permeates all activities in order to adapt the process according to the project. Therefore, the designer’s ability to rely on such a process depends on familiarity with a number of methods for observations and interviews, as well as an aptitude for socio-technical skills. Hence, the purpose in this paper is to present and reflect on methods used in a running development project to identify needs in a product development project. This is done to contribute to the advancement of a need driven product development process. The disposition of this paper is as follows. First, our approach in studying the need identification activities is presented. Second, a theoretical frame for need identification and design is presented, i.e., Needfinding [Patnaik & Becker, 1999]. Third, the practice of finding needs is outlined and discussed.
|
|
| 5. |
- Bergström, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
-
Needs as a basis for design rationale
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Design 2008. - Zagreb : University of Zagreb. - 9789536313891 ; , s. 281-288
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is based on data from a Swedish real-life industrial product development project for e-health care of elderly. The purpose in the paper is to discuss identification of user needs. Information about the elderly is transferred in recurrent meetings. Besides the perception that these meetings occupy time which could be spent giving care, the nurses find it problematic to convey such information to substitutes, as well as they have to rely on their memory. In this case, a Dictaphone device was a solution. Reports on practical activities of identifying user needs and how they affect decisions in product development are limited; one contribution of this paper is insights into such a case
|
|
| 6. |
- Björnsson, Jon Mar, et al.
(författare)
-
Reduced proliferative capacity of hematopoietic stem cells deficient in hoxb3 and hoxb4
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Blood. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 23:11, s. 3872-3883
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several homeobox transcription factors, such as HOXB3 and HOXB4, have been implicated in regulation of hematopoiesis. In support of this, studies show that overexpression of HOXB4 strongly enhances hematopoietic stem cell regeneration. Here we find that mice deficient in both Hoxb3 and Hoxb4 have defects in endogenous hematopoiesis with reduced cellularity in hematopoietic organs and diminished number of hematopoietic progenitors without perturbing lineage commitment. Analysis of embryonic day 14.5 fetal livers revealed a significant reduction in the hematopoietic stem cell pool, suggesting that the reduction in cellularity observed postnatally is due to insufficient expansion during fetal development. Primitive Lin(-) Scal(+) c-kit(+) hematopoietic progenitors lacking Hoxb3 and Hoxb4 displayed impaired proliferative capacity in vitro. Similarly, in vivo repopulating studies of Hoxb3/Hoxb4-deficient hematopoietic cells resulted in lower repopulating capability compared to normal littermates. Since no defects in homing were observed, these results suggest a slower regeneration of mutant HSC. Furthermore, treatment with cytostatic drugs demonstrated slower cell cycle kinetics of hematopoietic stem cells deficient in Hoxb3 and Hoxb4, resulting in increased tolerance to antimitotic drugs. Collectively, these data suggest a direct physiological role of Hoxb4 and Hoxb3 in regulating stem cell regeneration and that these genes are required for maximal proliferative response.
|
|
| 7. |
- Dejene Biasazin, Tibebe, et al.
(författare)
-
Dispersal and competitive release affect the management of native and invasive tephritid fruit flies in large and smallholder farms in Ethiopia
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- African horticulture is seriously affected by fruit flies, both native and invasive. Novel sustainable control methods need testing against the backdrop of smallholder-dominated farming of Africa. We evaluated the potential of male-specific attractants (parapheromones) laced with insecticide to suppress the alien invasive Bactrocera dorsalis and native Ceratitis capitata. In large-scale guava, methyl-eugenol (ME)-bait stations combined with toxic protein baits suppressed B. dorsalis within 8 months but resulted in a resurgence of the displaced Ceratitis capitata. In smallholder farms, intervention using SPLAT-ME laced with spinosad was surprisingly unsuccessful. Subsequent mark-release-recapture experiments showed high dispersal rates of flies, covering many times a typical farm size, leading to a continuous influx of flies from surrounding areas. Several other factors important for intervention were evaluated. SPLAT-MAT-ME dollops remained attractive for over two weeks, although gradually becoming less attractive than fresh baits. Further, competitive displacement was observed: C. capitata selectively emerged from fruits in which B. dorsalis infestation was low. Finally, we evaluated whether ME could be combined with C. capitata male attractants [trimedlure (TML) and terpinyl acetate (TA)] without affecting attraction. Combining male lures did not affect catches directly, although at very high populations of B. dorsalis attracted to ME interfered with C. capitata trap entry. Although ME-based methods can effectively suppress B. dorsalis, they were not effective at single smallholder scale due to the high dispersive propensity of tephritids. Further, competitive release implies the need for a combination of lures and methods. These observations are important for developing control schemes tailored for African smallholder settings.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Larsson, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
-
Project: NeedInn - Behovsdriven produktutveckling inom e-hälsa
- 2006
-
Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Huvudsyftet med NeedInn är att det påbörjar processen med att skapa en plattform för ett regionalt innovationssystem inom hälso- och sjukvården där näringslivet, forskningen samt samhället tillsammans och fokuserat skapar kritisk massa och förutsättningar för ekonomisk tillväxt.
|
|
| 10. |
- Larsson, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
-
Project: PIEp - Product Innovation Engineering Programme
- 2011
-
Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- PROJEKTSAMMANFATTNINGPIEp, Product Innovation Engineering Program är ett nationellt program som syftar till att stärka förmågan till innovativ produkt- och affärsutveckling. PIEp spänner över fältet från teori till praktik, från forskning om innovationssystem till proaktivt arbete för att stärka innovationskraft och därigenom uppnå en systemförändring inom forskning, utbildning och utveckling. PIEp skall pågå under tio år, 2007-2016 och engagera flera av Sveriges lärosäten och forskningsinstitut involverade i innovation och produktutveckling. PIEp leds och administreras vid KTH i partnerskap med Lunds Tekniska Högskola, Högskolan i Jönköping, Designhögskolan vid Umeå Universitet, Centrum för Teknik, Medicin och Hälsa, Luleå Tekniska Universitet, samt en rad företag och organisationer.
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Marganiec, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Coulomb breakup of 17Ne from the viewpoint of nuclear astrophysics
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of Science. - Proceedings of Science : Sissa. - 1824-8039.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- By the Coulomb breakup of 17Ne, the time-reversed reaction 15O(2p,γ)17Ne has been studied. This reaction might play an important role in the rp process, as a break-out reaction of the hot CNO cycle. The secondary 17Ne ion beam with an energy of 500 MeV/nucleon has been dissociated in a Pb target. The reaction products have been detected with the LAND-R3B experimental setup at GSI. The preliminary differential and integral Coulomb dissociation cross section sCoul has been determined, which then will be converted into a photo-absorption cross section sphoto, and a two-proton radiative capture cross section σcap. Additionally, information about the structure of the 17Ne, a potential two-proton halo nucleus, will be received. The analysis is in progress. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike Licence.
|
|
| 13. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
|
|
| 14. |
- Östrand, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Stereoisomeric composition of the sex pheromone of the pine sawfly Microdiprion pallipes (Hym., Diprionidae)
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Chemoecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-7409 .- 1423-0445. ; 13:3, s. 155-162
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The basic chemical structure of the sex pheromone of the pine sawfly Microdiprion pallipes (Fallen) has earlier been identified as the propionate ester of (2S,3S,7 R/S,11 R/S)/(2R,3R,7 R/S,11 R/S)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2-tridecanol. We now report the results from further investigations on the male response to individual stereoisomers and to blends of stereoisomers, both in electroantennographic (EAG) recordings and in field trapping experiments. We also present our attempts to determine the stereochemistry of the compounds present in females of M. pallipes. By comparing gas chromatograms and mass spectra obtained from natural extracts with those from synthetic compounds it was found that the females contain one or more of the four (2S,3S,7 R/S,11 R/S)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2-tridecanol isomers (SS++-1). The active pheromone component is the corresponding propionate ester 2. In EAG experiments, males responded most strongly to five propionate ester samples, namely two four-isomer blends: SS++-2 and SR++-2, and three individual stereoisomers: SSSR-, SRRR- and SRSR-2. In a series of field trapping experiments it was found that males were attracted to the SR++-2 four-isomer blend and to the individual isomer SSSR-2. Based on the EAG-recordings and field responses of males and the stereoisomers found in the females, we suggest that the propionate ester of (2S,3S,7S,11R)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2-tridecanol (SSSR-2) is used as a main component of the sex pheromone in M. pallipes. Apparently the males react to other stereoisomers in addition to that or those produced by the females.
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Abdurahman, Samir, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
-
Pattern of microbial translocation in patients living with HIV-1 from Vietnam, Ethiopia and Sweden
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of the International AIDS Society. - 1758-2652. ; 17, s. 18841-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: The role of microbial translocation (MT) in HIV patients living with HIV from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is not fully known. The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the patterns of MT in patients from Vietnam, Ethiopia and Sweden.METHODS: Cross-sectional samples were obtained from treatment-naïve patients living with HIV-1 and healthy controls from Vietnam (n=83; n=46), Ethiopia (n=9492; n=50) and Sweden (n=51; n=19). Longitudinal samples were obtained from a subset of the Vietnamese (n=24) in whom antiretroviral therapy (ART) and tuberculostatics were given. Plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS), sCD14 and anti-flagellin IgG were determined by the endpoint chromogenic Limulus Amebocyte Assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS: All three biomarkers were significantly increased in patients living with HIV-1 from all countries as compared to controls. No differences were found between males and females. Vietnamese and Ethiopian patients had significantly higher levels of anti-flagellin IgG and LPS, as compared to Swedes. ART reduced these levels for the Vietnamese. Vietnamese patients given tuberculostatics at initiation of ART had significantly lower levels of anti-flagellin IgG and higher sCD14. The biomarkers were lower in Vietnamese who did not develop opportunistic infection.CONCLUSIONS: Higher MT is common in patients living with HIV compared to healthy individuals, and in patients from LMICs compared to patients from a high-income country. Treatment with tuberculostatics decreased MT while higher levels of MT are associated with a poorer clinical outcome.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Akhtar, Monira, et al.
(författare)
-
Cell type and context-specific function of PLAG1 for IGF2 P3 promoter activity
- 2012
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Oncology. - : Spandidos Publications. - 1019-6439 .- 1791-2423. ; 41:6, s. 1959-1966
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fetal transcription factor PLAG1 is found to be overexpressed in cancers, and has been suggested to bind the insulin like growth factor 2 (IGF2) P3 promoter, and to activate the IGF2 gene. The expression of IGF2 has partly been linked to loss of CTCF-dependent chromatin insulator function at the H19 imprinting control region (ICR). We investigated the role of PLAG1 for IGF2 regulation in Hep3B and JEG-3 cell lines. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed cell type-specific binding of PLAG1 to the IGF2 P3 promoter, which was substantially insensitive to recombinant PLAG1 overexpression in the endogenous context. We hypothesized that the H19 chromatin insulator may be involved in the cell type-specific PLAG1 response. By using a GFP reporter gene/insulator assay plasmid construct with and without the H19 ICR and/or an SV40 enhancer, we confirm that the effect of the insulator is specifically associated with the activity of the IGF2 P3 promoter in the GFP reporter system, and furthermore, that the reporter insulator is functional in JEG-3 but not in Hep3B cells. FACS analysis was used to assess the function of PLAG1 in low endogenously expressing, but Zn-inducible stable PLAG1 expressing JEG-3 cell clones. Considerable increase in IGF2 expression upon PLAG1 induction with a partial insulator overriding activity was found using the reporter constructs. This is in contrast to the effect of the endogenous IGF2 gene which was insensitive to PLAG1 expression in JEG-3, while modestly induced the already highly expressed IGF2 gene in Hep3B cells. We suggest that the PLAG1 binding to the IGF2 P3 promoter and IGF2 expression is cell type-specific, and that the PLAG1 transcription factor acts as a transcriptional facilitator that partially overrides the insulation by the H19 ICR.
|
|
| 19. |
- Akos, Dennis, et al.
(författare)
-
Receiver measured time in the VDL mode 4 system
- 2000
-
Ingår i: IEEE 2000 Position Location and Navigation Symposium. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 0780358724 ; , s. 309-316
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper details an investigation into the receiver measured time (RMT) concept of VDL Mode 4, basically the ability to derive estimates of time from the transmission of the VDL Mode 4 signals themselves. The RMT concept is based on determining the accurate time of transmission by measuring the time of arrival (TOA) of a received signal. The reverse aspect, or that of user position, can also be computed in the same manner and all computed simulations hold for errors in position. If synchronized time is available, or can be derived, then the user position can be computed based on signals from known transmitter locations. A complete, end-to-end RMT simulation model for the Gaussian filtered frequency shift keying (GFSK) and differential 8-phase shift keying (D8PSK) modulation techniques has been developed in which various transmitters, channels and receiver models as well as an RMT measurement system have been included. The timing results, which are included, are described in terms of two-sigma errors as a function of signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). The performance varies for the different receiver structures over the typical operation region and for a 1-bit differential GFSK detector the two-sigma error is as low as 0.40 microseconds, corresponding to a ranging error of approximately 120 meters. When incorporating co-channel interference (CCI), multipath and Doppler frequency shifts the RMT performance has been shown to decrease in terms of higher two-sigma errors
|
|
| 20. |
- Altai, Mohamed, et al.
(författare)
-
188Re-ZHER2:V2, a promising affibody-based targeting agent against HER2-expressing tumors : preclinical assessment
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine. - : Society of Nuclear Medicine. - 0161-5505 .- 1535-5667 .- 2159-662X. ; 55:11, s. 8-1842
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- UNLABELLED: Affibody molecules are small (7 kDa) nonimmunoglobulin scaffold proteins with favorable tumor-targeting properties. Studies concerning the influence of chelators on biodistribution of (99m)Tc-labeled Affibody molecules demonstrated that the variant with a C-terminal glycyl-glycyl-glycyl-cysteine peptide-based chelator (designated ZHER2:V2) has the best biodistribution profile in vivo and the lowest renal retention of radioactivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate (188)Re-ZHER2:V2 as a potential candidate for radionuclide therapy of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)-expressing tumors.METHODS: ZHER2:V2 was labeled with (188)Re using a gluconate-containing kit. Targeting of HER2-overexpressing SKOV-3 ovarian carcinoma xenografts in nude mice was studied for a dosimetry assessment.RESULTS: Binding of (188)Re-ZHER2:V2 to living SKOV-3 cells was demonstrated to be specific, with an affinity of 6.4 ± 0.4 pM. The biodistribution study showed a rapid blood clearance (1.4 ± 0.1 percentage injected activity per gram [%ID/g] at 1 h after injection). The tumor uptake was 14 ± 2, 12 ± 2, 5 ± 2, and 1.8 ± 0.5 %IA/g at 1, 4, 24, and 48 h after injection, respectively. The in vivo targeting of HER2-expressing xenografts was specific. Already at 4 h after injection, tumor uptake exceeded kidney uptake (2.1 ± 0.2 %IA/g). Scintillation-camera imaging showed that tumor xenografts were the only sites with prominent accumulation of radioactivity at 4 h after injection. Based on the biokinetics, a dosimetry evaluation for humans suggests that (188)Re-ZHER2:V2 would provide an absorbed dose to tumor of 79 Gy without exceeding absorbed doses of 23 Gy to kidneys and 2 Gy to bone marrow. This indicates that future human radiotherapy studies may be feasible.CONCLUSION: (188)Re-ZHER2:V2 can deliver high absorbed doses to tumors without exceeding kidney and bone marrow toxicity limits.
|
|
| 21. |
- Alveteg, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
-
Vad räknas som belägg för studenters måluppfyllelse?
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 10:e Pedagogiska Inspirationskonferensen 2018. - 2003-3761 .- 2003-377X. ; 10
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Universitetskanslerämbetet (UKÄ) ställer numera krav på svenska lärosäten att vi ska utvärdera oss själva. Vi på LTH bör då gemensamt försöka hitta sätt att uppfylla UKÄs krav som även ger de verktyg vi själva behöver för att förbättra våra utbildningars kvalitét.Hur tar vi reda på våra utbildningars styrkor och svagheter och vad vi kan göra för att förbättra dem ytterligare? Ett sätt är att undersöka hur väl studenterna uppfyller examensmålen. Vad som ska räknas som belägg för studenters måluppfyllelse är dock svårt, av flera olika skäl. Vår rekommendation blir att triangulera olika typer av belägg samt att tydligt involvera institutionerna i arbetet.
|
|
| 22. |
- Anderson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Alien interference: disruption of infochemical networks by invasive insect herbivores
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Plant, Cell and Environment. - : Wiley. - 0140-7791 .- 1365-3040. ; 37, s. 1854-1865
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insect herbivores trigger various biochemical changes in plants, and as a consequence, affect other organisms that are associated with these plants. Such plant-mediated indirect effects often involve herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that can be used as cues for foraging herbivores and their natural enemies, and are also known to affect pollinator attraction. In tightly co-evolved systems, the different trophic levels are expected to display adaptive response to changes in HIPVs caused by native herbivores. But what if a new herbivore invades such a system? Current literature suggests that exotic herbivores have the potential to affect HIPV production, and that plant responses to novel herbivores are likely to depend on phylogenetic relatedness between the invader and the native species. Here we review the different ways exotic herbivores can disrupt chemically mediated interactions between plants and the key users of HIPVs: herbivores, pollinators, and members of the third (i.e. predators and parasitoids) and fourth (i.e. hyperparasitoids) trophic levels. Current theory on insect invasions needs to consider that disruptive effects of invaders on infochemical networks can have a short-term impact on the population dynamics of native insects and plants, as well as exerting potentially negative consequences for the functioning of native ecosystems.
|
|
| 23. |
- Anderson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Larval host plant experience modulates both mate finding and oviposition choice in a moth
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Animal Behaviour. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-3472 .- 1095-8282. ; 85, s. 1169-1175
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Host plant choice in polyphagous insects can be connected with costs of being naive when confronted with several potential host plants, for example through slower decision making. Utilization of earlier experience could be one way to overcome some of these limitations. We studied whether larval feeding experience influences mate finding by males and female choice of oviposition site in the moth Spodoptera littoralis. Larvae were reared on either artificial diet or the host plants, cotton, clover or alfalfa, and we recorded the behaviour of adults from each diet. In two sets of experiments, in both the laboratory and the field, we investigated the female's oviposition choice and the male's response to female pheromone with different plant odour backgrounds. We found that experience with cotton, clover or alfalfa during the larval period induced female oviposition on the corresponding plant both in the laboratory and in the field. Furthermore, males were more attracted to female sex pheromone combined with odour from a host plant species that they had experienced as larvae than to sex pheromone combined with odour from host plant species they had not experienced. The results show convergent modulation of male and female responses to plant odour depending on their larval food plant. The influence of larval experience during the first-to-fifth instars on host preference was also stronger than the influence of experience acquired in the late larval, pupal and early adult stages. Consequences for host plant choice efficiency and fitness effects for males and females are discussed. (C) 2013 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 24. |
- Andersson, Joel, et al.
(författare)
-
Semi-deterministic chemo-mechanical model of boundary lubrication
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Faraday discussions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1359-6640 .- 1364-5498. ; 156, s. 343-360
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A model for tribofilm growth is developed. The model is used in combination with numerical contact mechanics tools to enable evaluation of the combined effects of chemistry and contact mechanics. The model is tuned with experimental data and is thereafter applied to rough surfaces. The growth of the tribofilm is evaluated for 3 different contact cases and short-term tribofilm growth behaviour is analyzed. The results show how tribofilms grow in patches. The model is expected to be used as a tool for analysis of the interaction between rough surfaces.
|
|
| 25. |
- Andersson, K., et al.
(författare)
-
High-accuracy sampling of saproxylic diversity indicators at regional scales with pheromones : The case of Elater ferrugineus (Coleoptera, Elateridae)
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Biological Conservation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3207 .- 1873-2917. ; 171, s. 156-166
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rare beetle Elater ferrugineus was sampled at 47 sites in the county of Östergötland, Sweden by means of pheromone-baited traps to assess its value as an indicator species for hollow oak stands rich in rare saproxylic beetle species. In addition, Osmoderma eremita was also sampled with pheromone baits. These data were then compared against species survey data collected at the same sites by pitfall and window traps. Both species co-occur with many Red Listed saproxylic beetles, with E. ferrugineus being a somewhat better indicator for the rarest species. The conservation value of a site (measured as Red List points or number of Red Listed species) increased with the number of specimens of E. ferrugineus and O. eremita caught. Accuracy of sampling by means of pheromone trapping turned out to be radically different for the two model species. E. ferrugineus traps put out during July obtained full accuracy after only 6. days, whereas O. eremita traps needed to be out from early July to mid-August in order to obtain full accuracy with one trap per site. By using E. ferrugineus, or preferably both species, as indicator species, accuracy would increase and costs decrease for saproxylic biodiversity sampling, monitoring and identification of hotspots. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
|
|
| 26. |
- Andersson, Klas, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Powerful Knowledge and the 2017 Swedish National Test in Religious Education
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Social Sciences. - 2076-0760. ; 12:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the 21st century, there has been a recurring discussion about social realism in educational research: the idea that subject knowledge derived from academic disciplines should constitute the heart of the school curriculum. The argument is that this knowledge, because it is produced according to specific standards, is powerful knowledge, and has better claims to truth and is more valid than knowledge gained from students’ everyday experiences. Because of its validity and universality, this knowledge empowers the knower to transcend her or his everyday experiences and take part in society’s conversations, which are central goals of social studies education. The aim of this study is to identify in which ways aspects of powerful knowledge are manifested in the 2017 national test in RE. For the analysis, both items and students’ answers from the 2017 test are used. The focus with regard to the items is on whether the students are expected to demonstrate knowledge and abilities in relation to powerful knowledge. We also analyze the students’ answers to these items using the same framework.
|
|
| 27. |
- Andersson, Martin N, et al.
(författare)
-
Characterization of olfactory sensory neurons in the white clover seed weevil, Apion fulvipes (Coleoptera: Apionidae).
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Insect Physiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1611 .- 0022-1910. ; 58:10, s. 1325-1333
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seed-eating Apion weevils (Coleoptera: Apionidae) cause large economic losses in white and red clover seed production across Europe. Monitoring and control of clover weevils would be facilitated by semiochemical-based methods. Until now, however, nothing was known about physiological or behavioral responses to semiochemicals in this insect group. Here we analyzed the antenna of the white clover (Trifolium repens L.) specialist Apion fulvipes Geoffroy with scanning electron microscopy, and used single sensillum recordings with a set of 28 host compounds to characterize 18 classes of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). Nine of the OSN classes responded strongly to synthetic compounds with high abundance in clover leaves, flowers, or buds. Eight classes responded only weakly to the synthetic stimuli, whereas one collective class responded exclusively to volatiles released from a crushed clover leaf. The OSNs showed a remarkable degree of specificity, responding to only one or a few chemically related compounds. In addition, we recorded a marked difference in the temporal dynamics of responses between different neurons, compounds, and doses. The identified physiologically active compounds will be screened for behavioral activity, with the ultimate goal to develop an odor-based control strategy for this pest.
|
|
| 28. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
Peripheral modulation of pheromone response by inhibitory host compound in a beetle
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Biology. - : The Company of Biologists. - 0022-0949 .- 1477-9145. ; 213, s. 3332-3339
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We identified several compounds, by gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD), that were antennally active in the bark beetle Ips typographus and also abundant in beetle-attacked spruce trees. One of them, 1,8-cineole (Ci), strongly inhibited the attraction to pheromone in the field. Single-sensillum recordings (SSRs) previously showed olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) on I. typographus antennae selectively responding to Ci. All Ci neurons were found within sensilla co-inhabited by a pheromone neuron responding to cis-verbenol (cV); however, in other sensilla, the cV neuron was paired with a neuron not responding to any test odorant. We hypothesized that the colocalization of ORNs had a functional and ecological relevance. We show by SSR that Ci inhibited spontaneous activity of the cV neuron only in sensilla in which the Ci neuron was also present. Using mixtures of cV and Ci, we further show that responses to low doses (1-10 ng) of cV were significantly reduced when the colocalized Ci neuron simultaneously responded to high doses (1-10 mu g) of Ci. This indicated that the response of the Ci neuron, rather than ligand-receptor interactions in the cV neuron, caused the inhibition. Moreover, cV neurons paired with Ci neurons were more sensitive to cV alone than the ones paired with the non-responding ORN. Our observations question the traditional view that ORNs within a sensillum function as independent units. The colocalization of ORNs might sharpen adaptive responses to blends of semiochemicals with different ecological significance in the olfactory landscape.
|
|
| 29. |
- Andersson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
Specificity and redundancy in the olfactory system of the bark beetle Ips typographus: Single-cell responses to ecologically relevant odors
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Insect Physiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1910 .- 1879-1611. ; 55, s. 556-567
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We screened 150 olfactory sensilla in single-sensillum recordings to unravel the mechanisms underlying host selection in the spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Odor stimuli comprised of pheromone (various bark beetle spp.). host, and non-host compounds elicited strong and selective responses from 106 olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs), 45 of which were tuned to pheromone compounds, 37 to host compounds, and 24 to non-host volatiles (NHV). In addition, 26 ORNs responded only weakly to any odor stimulus. Strongly responding ORNs were classified into 17 classes. Seven classes responded primarily to the Ips pheromone compounds: cis-verbenol, ipsenol, ipsdienol (two classes), 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol, amitinol, or verbenone, respectively. Six classes responded to the host compounds: alpha-pinene, myrcene, p-cymene, myrcene and p-cymene, 1,8-cineole, or Delta 3-carene, respectively. Four classes responded to NHV: 3-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, trans-conophthorin, or indiscriminately to the repellent green leaf volatiles (GLVs) 1-hexanol, Z3-hexen-1-ol and E2-hexen-1-ol, respectively. Indiscriminate responses from GLV neurons might explain a behavioral redundancy among these GLVs. This is the first description of individual bark beetle ORNs dedicated to NHV perception. These comprise almost 25% of the strongly responding neurons, demonstrating that a large proportion of the olfactory system is devoted to signals from plants that the insect avoids. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 30. |
- Andersson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
Patient involvement in surgical care-Healthcare personnel views and behaviour regarding patient involvement
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : WILEY. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 35:1, s. 96-103
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background All professions in surgical care have a responsibility to include patients in their health care. By Swedish law, all care should be done in dialogue with the patient. The essential part of health care is the meeting between patient and healthcare professional. In the interaction, a decision can be made, and needs can be identified to a safer care. Previous studies on patient participation have focussed on patients perspectives in surgical care, but there is a paucity of studies about the personnels perspective of estimated patient involvement in surgical care. Aim The aim of this study was to identify and describe healthcare personnels view and behaviour regarding patient involvement in surgical care. Method A quantitative study with various professions was conducted. A validated questionnaire was used, remaining questions grouped under following areas: patient involvement, acute phase, hospital time, discharge phase and questions on employment and workplace. Results A total of 140 questionnaires were sent out to a surgical clinic in Sweden, and 102 questionnaires were answered. All professionals stated that clear information is an important part of patient involvement in surgical care. Statistically significant differences existed between the professions in the subscale information. Physicians rated their information higher than the Registered Nurses (p = 0.005) and the practical nurses did (p = 0.001). Hindrances to involving patients were lack of time and other priority tasks. Conclusions Professionals in surgical care graded information to be the most important thing for patient involvement. Participation in important decisions, including the possibility to express personal views and ask questions, is important factors for patient involvement. Barriers against patient involvement are lack of time and prioritisation of other work activities.
|
|
| 31. |
- Andreasson, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
-
Project Avatar Developing a Distributed Mobile Phone Game
- 2006
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Team Avatar, as the members of Project Avatar have come to be known by, is a group of 4th year computer science students at Uppsala University that have been developing a distributed mobile phone game during the fall of 2005. In this paper we describe the general design and environment of the result of Project Avatar - the game Three Crowns.
|
|
| 32. |
- Appelgren, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Small Helical Magnetic Flux-Compression Generators : Experiments and Analysis
- 2008
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science. - 0093-3813 .- 1939-9375. ; 36:5, s. 2673-2683
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to gain experience in explosive pulsed power and to provide experimental data for modeling, a small high-explosive-driven helical magnetic flux-compression generator (FCG) was designed at the Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI). The generator, of which three have been built, has an overall length of 300 mm and a diameter of 70 mm. It could serve as the energy source in a pulse-forming network to generate high power pulses for various loads. This paper presents the design of, and tests with, this helical FCG. The generator had an initial inductance of 23 mu H and was operated into a load of 0.2 mu H. The generator is charged with 0.27 kg of high explosives (PBXN-5). Various types of diagnostics were used to monitor the operation of the generator, including current probes, optical fibers, and piezo gauges. With seed currents of 5.7 and 11.2 kA, final currents of 269 and 436 kA were obtained, corresponding to current amplification factors of 47 and 39. The peak of the current was reached about 30 mu s after the time of crowbar. The two generators showed only small losses in terms of 2 pi-clocking. Using signals from optical fibers, the deflection angle of the armature could be determined to be 10 degrees in good agreement with hydrodynamic simulations of the detonation process and the detonation velocity to be 8.7 km/s in agreement with tabulated value.
|
|
| 33. |
- Arvola, Mattias, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
-
Regulating prominence : A design pattern for co-located collaboration
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Cooperative Systems Design. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 1586034227 ; , s. 115-130
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Co-located people do things individually while participating in collaboration. It is, however, difficult for designers to foresee what they will do individually and what they will do jointly. Participants therefore need to be able to move any information object between private and public states, but that is cumbersome to do with objects confined to a traditional PC-based workstation. This paper describes a design pattern, which addresses the problem. Designers can resolve it by making a platform where users can regulate how prominent they want to make information for themselves and others. The pattern is based on field studies and design work in three different settings where desirable use qualities were identified, categorized and translated into forces in a design pattern. Conflicts between forces were noted as problems, and solutions were sought to establish a pattern. A multiple-device platform was finally derived from the pattern to provide an example of how it can be realized. It is concluded that use qualities from a qualitative analysis of technology usage can provide the empirical basis for a design pattern. This fits well with several traditions within HCI and CSCW such as ethnographically informed design, scenario-based design, and design space analysis.
|
|
| 34. |
- Asp, Petter, et al.
(författare)
-
25 kap. Om böter m.m.
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Brottsbalken. - Stockholm : Karnov Group. - 9789176106686 ; , s. 1211-1231
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 35. |
- Asp, Petter, et al.
(författare)
-
25 kap. Om böter m.m.
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Brottsbalken. - Stockholm : Karnov Group. - 9789176106686 ; , s. 1211-1231
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 36. |
- Asp, Petter, et al.
(författare)
-
26 kap. Om fängelse
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Brottsbalken. - Stockholm : Karnov Group. - 9789176106686 ; , s. 1233-1276
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 37. |
- Baudet, Aurelie, et al.
(författare)
-
RNAi screen identifies MAPK14 as a druggable suppressor of human hematopoietic stem cell expansion.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 1528-0020 .- 0006-4971. ; 119:26, s. 6255-6258
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on a forward RNAi screen in primary human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, using pooled lentiviral shRNA libraries deconvoluted by next generation sequencing. We identify MAPK14/p38α as a modulator of ex vivo stem cell proliferation and show that pharmacological inhibition of p38 dramatically enhances the stem cell activity of cultured umbilical cord blood derived hematopoietic cells. p38 inhibitors should thus be considered in strategies aiming at expanding stem cells for clinical benefit.
|
|
| 38. |
- Becher, Paul, et al.
(författare)
-
Yeast, not fruit volatiles mediate Drosophila melanogaster attraction, oviposition and development
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Functional Ecology. - : Wiley. - 1365-2435 .- 0269-8463. ; 26:4, s. 822-828
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1.In nature, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is attracted to fermenting fruit. Micro-organisms like Saccharomyces yeasts growing on fruit occupy a commonly overlooked trophic level between fruit and insects. Although the dietary quality of yeast is well established for D.melanogaster, the individual contribution of fruit and yeast on host finding and reproductive success has not been established. 2.Here, we show that baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on its own is sufficient for fruit fly attraction, oviposition and larval development. In contrast, attraction and oviposition were significantly lower if non-fermented grape juice or growth media were used, and yeast-free grapes did not support larval development either. 3.Despite a strong preference for fermented substrates, moderate attraction to and oviposition on unfermented fruit might be adaptive in view of the fly's capacity to vector yeast. 4.Signals emitted by fruit were only of secondary importance because fermenting yeast without fruit induced the same fly behaviour as yeast fermenting on fruit. We identified a synthetic mimic of yeast odour, comprising ethanol, acetic acid, acetoin, 2-phenyl ethanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol, which was as attractive for the fly as fermenting grape juice or fermenting yeast minimal medium. 5.Yeast odours represent the critical signal to establish the flyfruityeast relationship. The traditional plantherbivore niche concept needs to be updated, to accommodate for the role of micro-organisms in insectplant interactions.
|
|
| 39. |
- Bengtsson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Conserved, Highly Specialized Olfactory Receptor Neurons for Food Compounds in 2 Congeneric Scarab Beetles, Pachnoda interrupta and Pachnoda marginata
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Chemical Senses. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0379-864X .- 1464-3553. ; 36, s. 499-513
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Few studies have systematically addressed evolutionary changes in olfactory neuron assemblies, either by genetic drift or as an adaptation to specific odor environments. We have studied the sense of olfaction in 2 congeneric scarab beetles, Pachnoda interrupta Olivier and Pachnoda marginata Drury (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae), which are both opportunistic polyphages, feeding mainly on fruit and flowers. The 2 species occur in dissimilar habitats: P. interrupta is found in dry savannah, and P. marginata in tropical parts of equatorial Africa. To study how these species may have adapted their sense of olfaction to their odor environments, we utilized single-unit electrophysiology on olfactory sensilla with a wide selection of food-related compounds. Despite the differences in habitat, we found that the species shared most of the physiological types of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) encountered, although their proportions frequently varied between the species. The high degree of conservation in olfaction between the species implies that a similar sensory strategy is efficient for food search in both habitats. However, shifts in proportions of receptor neuron classes, and slight shifts in response profiles and/or presence of some ORN classes unique to either species, may reflect adaptation to a different set of hosts.
|
|
| 40. |
|
|
| 41. |
- Bengtsson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Field Attractants for Pachnoda interrupta Selected by Means of GC-EAD and Single Sensillum Screening
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Ecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0098-0331 .- 1573-1561. ; 35, s. 1063-1076
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sorghum chafer, Pachnoda interrupta Olivier (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae), is a key pest on sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae), in Ethiopia. At present there is a lack of efficient control methods. Trapping shows promise for reduction of the pest population, but would benefit from the development of attractive lures. To find attractants that could be used for control of P. interrupta, either by mass trapping or by monitoring as part of integrated pest management, we screened headspace collections of sorghum and the highly attractive weed Abutilon figarianum Webb (Malvaceae) for antennal activity using gas chromatograph-coupled electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD). Compounds active in GC-EAD were identified by combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Field trapping suggested that attraction is governed by a few influential compounds, rather than specific odor blends. Synthetic sorghum and abutilon odor blends were attractive, but neither blend outperformed the previously tested attractants eugenol and methyl salicylate, of which the latter also was part of the abutilon blend. The strong influence of single compounds led us to search for novel attractive compounds, and to investigate the role of individual olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in the perception of kairomones. We screened the response characteristics of ORNs to 82 putative kairomones in single sensillum recordings (SSR), and found a number of key ligand candidates for specific classes of ORNs. Out of these key ligand candidates, six previously untested compounds were selected for field trapping trials: anethole, benzaldehyde, racemic 2,3-butanediol, isoamyl alcohol, methyl benzoate and methyl octanoate. The compounds were selected on the basis that they activated different classes of ORNs, thus allowing us to test potential kairomones that activate large non-overlapping populations of the peripheral olfactory system, while avoiding redundant multiple activations of the same ORN type. Field trapping results revealed that racemic 2,3-butanediol is a powerful novel attractant for P. interrupta.
|
|
| 42. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(författare)
-
Arbetsmarknadsrelationer i Europa
- 2011
-
Ingår i: EU och välfärdens Europa. - Malmö : Liber. - 9789147094905 ; , s. 158-201
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 43. |
|
|
| 44. |
|
|
| 45. |
- Berglin, Mattias, 1970, et al.
(författare)
-
The adhesion of the barnacle, Balanus improvisus, to poly(dimethylsiloxane) fouling-release coatings and poly(methyl methacrylate) panels: The effect of barnacle size on strength and failure mode
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology. - 0169-4243. ; 15:12, s. 1485-1502
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measure men ts were made of the bond strength of cyprids and barnacles (Balanus improvisus) attached to poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) fouling-release coatings and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) panels as a function of barnacle base plate size (0.05-90 mm(2)). The vertical forces necessary to dislodge cyprids and newly metamorphosed barnacles (base plate < 0.5 mm(2)) were found to be equal for the two different substrates. This unexpected result was explained by the occurrence of cohesive failure in the cyprid/barnacle part. A significantly higher detachment force was observed for larger barnacles (base plate > 0.5 mm(2)) when dislodged from the PMMA compared to the PDMS. Analysis of the failure surfaces with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a gradual transition in failure mode from a total cohesive within the barnacle to a mixed failure mode during barnacle growth. This transition. which is a measure of the balance between the cohesive strength of the barnacle base plate and the adhesion bond to the surface, occurs earlier or with smaller barnacles when detached from the PDMS. The quantification of the remaining fraction of the base plate at the polymeric failure surfaces appears to be a function of barnacle bioadhesive bond strength and is, therefore, suggested to be used as a new parameter for evaluating the release properties of new coatings formulations.
|
|
| 46. |
- Berglund, Björn, et al.
(författare)
-
Clonal spread of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae among patients at admission and discharge at a Vietnamese neonatal intensive care unit
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control. - : BMC. - 2047-2994. ; 10:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The increasing prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is a growing problem globally, particularly in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). Previous studies have shown high rates of CRE colonisation among patients at hospitals in LMICs, with increased risk of hospital-acquired infections. Methods We isolated carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) from faecal samples collected in 2017 from patients at admission and discharge at a Vietnamese neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). 126 CRKP were whole-genome sequenced. The phylogenetic relationship between the isolates and between clinical CRKP isolates collected in 2012-2018 at the same hospital were investigated. Results NDM-type carbapenemase-(61%) and KPC-2-encoding genes (41%) were the most common carbapenem resistance genes observed among the admission and discharge isolates. Most isolates (56%) belonged to three distinct clonal clusters of ST15, carrying bla(KPC-2), bla(NDM-1) and bla(NDM-4), respectively. Each cluster also comprised clinical isolates from blood collected at the study hospital. The most dominant ST15 clone was shown to be related to isolates collected from the same hospital as far back as in 2012. Conclusions Highly resistant CRKP were found colonising admission and discharge patients at a Vietnamese NICU, emphasising the importance of continued monitoring. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a population of CRKP consisting mostly of ST15 isolates in three clonally related clusters, each related to blood isolates collected from the same hospital. Furthermore, clinical isolates collected from previous years (dating back to 2012) were shown to likely be clonally descended from ST15 isolates in the largest cluster, suggesting a successful hospital strain which can colonise inpatients.
|
|
| 47. |
|
|
| 48. |
- Berglund, Björn, et al.
(författare)
-
Insertion sequence transpositions and point mutations in mgrB causing colistin resistance in a clinical strain of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from Vietnam
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0924-8579 .- 1872-7913. ; 51:5, s. 789-793
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Resistance among Klebsiella pneumoniae to the last-resort antibiotics carbapenems and colistin is increasing worldwide. In this study, whole-genome sequencing was used to determine the colistin resistance mechanisms in clinical isolates of carbapenem-and colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae from Vietnam. Alterations in the regulatory gene mgrB, via mutations and insertion sequence transpositions, were found in 30 of 31 isolates, emphasising the importance of this resistance mechanism in colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae. (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. and International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 49. |
- Berglund, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
-
Genomic imbalances during transformation from follicular lymphoma to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Modern Pathology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0893-3952 .- 1530-0285. ; 20:1, s. 63-75
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Follicular lymphoma is commonly transformed to a more aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In order to molecularely characterize this histiological and clinical transformation, comparative genomic hybridization was applied on 23 follicular lymphoma and 35 transformed DLBCL tumors from a total of 30 patients. The results were also compared with our published findings in de novo DLBCL. Copy number changes were detected in 70% of follicular lymphoma and in 97% of transformed DLBCL. In follicular lymphoma, the most common alterations were +18q21 (33%), +Xq25–26 (28%), +1q31–32 (23%), and -17p (23%), whereas transformed DLBCL most frequently exhibited +Xq25–26 (36%), +12q15 (29%), +7pter-q22 (25%), +8q21 (21%), and -6q16–21(25%). Transformed DLBCL showed significantly more alterations as compared to follicular lymphoma (P=0.0001), and the alterations -6q16–21 and +7pter-q22 were only found in transformed DLBCL but not in follicular lymphoma (P=0.02). Alterations involving +13q22 were significantly less frequent, whereas -4q13–21 was more common in transformed as compared to de novo DLBCL (P=0.01 and P=0.02, respectively). Clinical progression from follicular lymphoma to transformed DLBCL is on the genetic level associated with acquirement of increasing number of genomic copy number changes, with non-random involvement of specific target regions. The findings support diverse genetic background between transformed and de novo DLBCL.
|
|
| 50. |
- Berglund, Mattias, 1972-
(författare)
-
Molecular Characterization of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma and Aspects of Transformation
- 2004
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of neoplasias originating from B- or T-lymphocytes. In this thesis, we determined the genetic and immunophenotypic characterization of DLBCL and their prognostic impact. Moreover, genomic alterations associated with the transformation to DLBCL from Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) were elucidated. In order to outline the impact of cytogenetic as well as immunophenotypic prognostic markers in DLBCL, we firstly studied a series of 54 DLBCL tumors using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and we identified several frequently occurring chromosomal imbalances. Loss of 22q was more often found in the diagnostic tumors with a more advanced clinical stage, while gain of 18q21 was more commonly identified in relapses. Secondly, we correlated the expression patterns of CD10, bcl-6, IRF-4 and bcl-2 with clinical parameters in a series of 173 de novo DLBCL patients. Patients with a germinal center (GC) phenotype displayed a better survival than the non-GC group. Expression of bcl-6 and CD10 was correlated with a better survival while bcl-2 expression was associated with a poor prognosis.In approaching the HL transformation, two novel B-cell lines (U-2932 and U-2940), derived from patients with DLBCL following HL, were characterized. Interestingly, a translocation with materials from 2q and 7q as well as loss of material on 6q was found in both cell lines. For FL transformation, we assessed chromosomal alterations in a panel of 28 DLBCL patients with a previous history of FL. The DLBCL tumors displayed more chromosomal imbalances compared to FL tumors. Loss of 6q16-21 and gain of 7pter-q22 were more commonly found in the DLBCL counterparts, suggesting the chromosomal location of putative genes that may be involved in the transformation process.
|
|
