| 1. |
- Hooshmand, Babak, et al.
(author)
-
Associations between serum homocysteine, holotranscobalamin, folate and cognition in the elderly : a longitudinal study
- 2012
-
In: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 271:2, s. 204-212
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To examine the associations of serum homocysteine (tHcy), Holotranscobalamin (holoTC), the biologically active fraction of vitamin B12, and folate with cognitive functioning in a longitudinal population-based study of Finnish elderly. Subjects and design: tHcy, holoTC, and folate were measured at baseline in 274 dementia-free subjects aged 65-79 years derived from the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia (CAIDE) study. Subjects were re-investigated 7 years later and global cognition, episodic memory, executive functioning, verbal expression, and psychomotor speed were assessed. Results: Higher baseline tHcy values were associated with poorer performance on global cognition: relative difference (95% confidence interval) was: 0.90 (0.81 - 0.99); episodic memory: 0.87 (0.77 - 0.99); executive functions: 0.86 (0.75 - 0.98), and verbal expression: 0.89 (0.81 - 0.97) at follow-up. Increased holoTC levels were related to better performance on global cognition: 1.09 (1.00 - 1.19), executive functions: 1.11 (1.01 - 1.21), and psychomotor speed: 1.13 (1.01 - 1.26). After excluding 20 incident dementia cases, increased tHcy remained associated with poorer performance in episodic memory, execution functions, and verbal expression. Higher holoTC values tended to relate to better performance in executive functions and psychomotor speed while elevated serum folate concentrations were significantly related to higher scores in global cognition and verbal expression tests. Conclusions: tHcy, holoTC, and folate measured 7 years earlier are related to cognitive performance even in non-demented elderly. Randomized trials are needed to determine the impact of vitamin B12 and folate supplementations on preventing cognitive decline in the elderly.
|
|
| 2. |
- Hooshmand, Babak, et al.
(author)
-
Serum Insulin and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults : A Longitudinal Study
- 2019
-
In: American Journal of Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9343 .- 1555-7162. ; 132:3, s. 367-373
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PurposeThe aim of this study was to examine the association of serum glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance with cognitive functioning 7 years later in a longitudinal population-based study of Finnish older adults.MethodsSerum glucose and insulin were measured at baseline in 269 dementia-free individuals aged 65-79 years, from the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Dementia (CAIDE) study. Insulin resistance was estimated with the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Participants were reexamined 7 years later, and global cognition, episodic memory, executive functioning, verbal expression, and psychomotor speed were assessed, both at baseline and at follow-up. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the associations with cognitive performance at follow-up, after adjusting for several potential confounders, including common vascular risk factors.ResultsIn the multivariable-adjusted linear regression models, no associations of insulin resistance with cognitive functioning were observed. After excluding 19 incident dementia cases, higher baseline HOMA-IR values were related to worse performance in global cognition (beta [standard error (SE)] -.050 [0.02]; P =.043) and psychomotor speed (beta [SE] -.064 [. 03]; P = [.043]) 7 years later. Raised serum insulin levels were associated with lower scores on global cognition (b [SE] -.054 [.03]; P =.045) and tended to relate to poorer performance in psychomotor speed (beta [SE] -.061 [.03]; P =.070).ConclusionsSerum insulin and insulin resistance may be independent predictors of cognitive performance 7 years later in elderly individuals without dementia. Randomized controlled trials are needed to determine this issue.
|
|
