| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Ariyawansa, Hiran A., et al.
(author)
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Fungal diversity notes 111–252—taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa
- 2015
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In: Fungal diversity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1560-2745 .- 1878-9129. ; 75, s. 27-274
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper is a compilation of notes on 142 fungal taxa, including five new families, 20 new genera, and 100 new species, representing a wide taxonomic and geographic range. The new families, Ascocylindricaceae, Caryosporaceae and Wicklowiaceae (Ascomycota) are introduced based on their distinct lineages and unique morphology. The new Dothideomycete genera Pseudomassariosphaeria (Amniculicolaceae), Heracleicola, Neodidymella and P s e u d o m i c ros p h a e r i o p s i s ( D id y m e l l a c e a e ) , P s e u d o p i t h o m y c e s ( D i d y m o s p h a e r i a c e a e ) , Brunneoclavispora, Neolophiostoma and Sulcosporium (Halotthiaceae), Lophiohelichrysum (Lophiostomataceae), G a l l i i c o l a , Popul o c re s c e n t i a a nd Va g i c o l a (Phaeosphaeriaceae), Ascocylindrica (Ascocylindricaceae), E l o n g a t o p e d i c e l l a t a ( R o u s s o e l l a c e a e ) , Pseudoasteromassaria (Latoruaceae) and Pseudomonodictys (Macrodiplodiopsidaceae) are introduced. The newly described species of Dothideomycetes (Ascomycota) are Pseudomassariosphaeria bromicola (Amniculicolaceae), Flammeascoma lignicola (Anteagloniaceae), Ascocylindrica marina (Ascocylindricaceae) , Lembosia xyliae (Asterinaceae), Diplodia crataegicola and Diplodia galiicola ( B o t r yosphae r i a cea e ) , Caryospor a aquat i c a (Caryosporaceae), Heracleicola premilcurensis and Neodi dymell a thai landi cum (Didymellaceae) , Pseudopithomyces palmicola (Didymosphaeriaceae), Floricola viticola (Floricolaceae), Brunneoclavispora bambusae, Neolophiostoma pigmentatum and Sulcosporium thailandica (Halotthiaceae), Pseudoasteromassaria fagi (Latoruaceae), Keissleriella dactylidicola (Lentitheciaceae), Lophiohelichrysum helichrysi (Lophiostomataceae), Aquasubmersa japonica (Lophiotremataceae) , Pseudomonodictys tectonae (Macrodiplodiopsidaceae), Microthyrium buxicola and Tumidispora shoreae (Microthyriaceae), Alloleptosphaeria clematidis, Allophaeosphaer i a c y t i s i , Allophaeosphae r i a subcylindrospora, Dematiopleospora luzulae, Entodesmium artemisiae, Galiicola pseudophaeosphaeria, Loratospora(Basidiomycota) are introduced together with a new genus Neoantrodiella (Neoantrodiellaceae), here based on both morphology coupled with molecular data. In the class Agaricomycetes, Agaricus pseudolangei, Agaricus haematinus, Agaricus atrodiscus and Agaricus exilissimus (Agaricaceae) , Amanita m e l l e i a l b a , Amanita pseudosychnopyramis and Amanita subparvipantherina (Amanitaceae), Entoloma calabrum, Cora barbulata, Dictyonema gomezianum and Inocybe granulosa (Inocybaceae), Xerocomellus sarnarii (Boletaceae), Cantharellus eucalyptorum, Cantharellus nigrescens, Cantharellus tricolor and Cantharellus variabilicolor (Cantharellaceae), Cortinarius alboamarescens, Cortinarius brunneoalbus, Cortinarius ochroamarus, Cortinarius putorius and Cortinarius seidlii (Cortinariaceae), Hymenochaete micropora and Hymenochaete subporioides (Hymenochaetaceae), Xylodon ramicida (Schizoporaceae), Colospora andalasii (Polyporaceae), Russula guangxiensis and Russula hakkae (Russulaceae), Tremella dirinariae, Tremella graphidis and Tremella pyrenulae (Tremellaceae) are introduced. Four new combinations Neoantrodiella gypsea, Neoantrodiella thujae (Neoantrodiellaceae), Punctulariopsis cremeoalbida, Punctulariopsis efibulata (Punctulariaceae) are also introduced here for the division Basidiomycota. Furthermore Absidia caatinguensis, Absidia koreana and Gongronella koreana (Cunninghamellaceae), Mortierella pisiformis and Mortierella formosana (Mortierellaceae) are newly introduced in the Zygomycota, while Neocallimastix cameroonii and Piromyces irregularis (Neocallimastigaceae) ar e i n t roduced i n the Neocallimastigomycota. Reference specimens or changes in classification and notes are provided for Alternaria ethzedia, Cucurbitaria ephedricola, Austropleospora, Austropleospora archidendri, Byssosphaeria rhodomphala, Lophiostoma caulium, Pseudopithomyces maydicus, Massariosphaeria, Neomassariosphaeria and Pestalotiopsis montellica.
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| 3. |
- Schuettpelz, Eric, et al.
(author)
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A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns
- 2016
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In: Journal of Systematics and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 1674-4918 .- 1759-6831. ; 54:6, s. 563-603
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Phylogeny has long informed pteridophyte classification. As our ability to infer evolutionary trees has improved, classifications aimed at recognizing natural groups have become increasingly predictive and stable. Here, we provide a modern, comprehensive classification for lycophytes and ferns, down to the genus level, utilizing a community-based approach. We use monophyly as the primary criterion for the recognition of taxa, but also aim to preserve existing taxa and circumscriptions that are both widely accepted and consistent with our understanding of pteridophyte phylogeny. In total, this classification treats an estimated 11 916 species in 337 genera, 51 families, 14 orders, and two classes. This classification is not intended as the final word on lycophyte and fern taxonomy, but rather a summary statement of current hypotheses, derived from the best available data and shaped by those most familiar with the plants in question. We hope that it will serve as a resource for those wanting references to the recent literature on pteridophyte phylogeny and classification, a framework for guiding future investigations, and a stimulus to further discourse.
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| 4. |
- Gou, De Hai, et al.
(author)
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Inhibition of copper transporter 1 prevents α-synuclein pathology and alleviates nigrostriatal degeneration in AAV-based mouse model of Parkinson's disease
- 2021
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In: Redox Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-2317. ; 38
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The formation of α-synuclein aggregates is a major pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease. Copper promotes α-synuclein aggregation and toxicity in vitro. The level of copper and copper transporter 1, which is the only known high-affinity copper importer in the brain, decreases in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease patients. However, the relationship between copper, copper transporter 1 and α-synuclein pathology remains elusive. Here, we aim to decipher the molecular mechanisms of copper and copper transporter 1 underlying Parkinson's disease pathology. We employed yeast and mammalian cell models expressing human α-synuclein, where exogenous copper accelerated intracellular α-synuclein inclusions and silencing copper transporter 1 reduced α-synuclein aggregates in vitro, suggesting that copper transporter 1 might inhibit α-synuclein pathology. To study our hypothesis in vivo, we generated a new transgenic mouse model with copper transporter 1 conditional knocked-out specifically in dopaminergic neuron. Meanwhile, we unilaterally injected adeno-associated viral human-α-synuclein into the substantia nigra of these mice. Importantly, we found that copper transporter 1 deficiency significantly reduced S129-phosphorylation of α-synuclein, prevented dopaminergic neuronal loss, and alleviated motor dysfunction caused by α-synuclein overexpression in vivo. Overall, our data indicated that inhibition of copper transporter 1 alleviated α-synuclein mediated pathologies and provided a novel therapeutic strategy for Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- An, Junghwa, et al.
(author)
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Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 October 2009-30 November 2009
- 2010
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In: Molecular Ecology Resources. - : Wiley. - 1755-098X .- 1755-0998. ; 10:2, s. 404-408
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article documents the addition of 411 microsatellite marker loci and 15 pairs of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) sequencing primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Acanthopagrus schlegeli, Anopheles lesteri, Aspergillus clavatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus terreus, Branchiostoma japonicum, Branchiostoma belcheri, Colias behrii, Coryphopterus personatus, Cynogolssus semilaevis, Cynoglossus semilaevis, Dendrobium officinale, Dendrobium officinale, Dysoxylum malabaricum, Metrioptera roeselii, Myrmeciza exsul, Ochotona thibetana, Neosartorya fischeri, Nothofagus pumilio, Onychodactylus fischeri, Phoenicopterus roseus, Salvia officinalis L., Scylla paramamosain, Silene latifo, Sula sula, and Vulpes vulpes. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Aspergillus giganteus, Colias pelidne, Colias interior, Colias meadii, Colias eurytheme, Coryphopterus lipernes, Coryphopterus glaucofrenum, Coryphopterus eidolon, Gnatholepis thompsoni, Elacatinus evelynae, Dendrobium loddigesii Dendrobium devonianum, Dysoxylum binectariferum, Nothofagus antarctica, Nothofagus dombeyii, Nothofagus nervosa, Nothofagus obliqua, Sula nebouxii, and Sula variegata. This article also documents the addition of 39 sequencing primer pairs and 15 allele specific primers or probes for Paralithodes camtschaticus.
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| 8. |
- Ding, Yang, et al.
(author)
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Artificial intelligence-assisted point-of-care testing system for ultrafast and quantitative detection of drug-resistant bacteria
- 2023
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In: SMARTMAT. - : WILEY. - 2766-8525.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As one of the major causes of antimicrobial resistance, beta-lactamase develops rapidly among bacteria. Detection of beta-lactamase in an efficient and low-cost point-of-care testing (POCT) way is urgently needed. However, due to the volatile environmental factors, the quantitative measurement of current POCT is often inaccurate. Herein, we demonstrate an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted mobile health system that consists of a paper-based beta-lactamase fluorogenic probe analytical device and a smartphone-based AI cloud. An ultrafast broad-spectrum fluorogenic probe (B1) that could respond to beta-lactamase within 20 s was first synthesized, and the detection limit was determined to be 0.13 nmol/L. Meanwhile, a three-dimensional microfluidic paper-based analytical device was fabricated for integration of B1. Also, a smartphone-based AI cloud was developed to correct errors automatically and output results intelligently. This smart system could calibrate the temperature and pH in the beta-lactamase level detection in complex samples and mice infected with various bacteria, which shows the problem-solving ability in interdisciplinary research, and demonstrates potential clinical benefits.
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| 9. |
- Sun, Xiaoyu, et al.
(author)
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Revealing microstructural degradation mechanism induced by interdiffusion between Amdry365 coating and IN792 superalloy
- 2024
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In: Materials & design. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0264-1275 .- 1873-4197. ; 241
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Metallic coatings are widely employed to improve the oxidation resistance of superalloys. However, the interdiffusion between the metallic coatings and the superalloys leads to microstructural degradation in both. Some of the underlying degradation mechanisms are still elusive, e.g., the γ′ (Ni3Al) phase depletion in superalloys, where a large amount of γ′ precipitates are dissolved in the γ matrix even though the incoming Al from coatings indeed increases the Al content. Here, we investigated the interdiffusion behavior between the Amdry365 coating and the IN792 superalloy at 1100 °C, using multiple microscopic techniques and thermodynamics calculations. Our results showed an excellent agreement between experiments and thermodynamics simulations, indicating the dominant role of Al on the initial diffusion-induced phase transitions. We proposed the Al-Cr interference effect to account for the pile-up behavior of Cr and the reduced Al content near the coating/superalloy interface. The local phase equilibrium calculations revealed that the γ′ depletion in the superalloy is primarily attributed to the loss of γ′-forming elements, such as Ta and Ti. Our findings opened up an avenue for studies on the superalloy/coating interdiffusion, contributing to reducing this damaging impact.
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| 10. |
- Sun, Xiaoyu, et al.
(author)
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Revealing microstructural degradation mechanism induced by interdiffusion between Amdry365 coating and IN792 superalloy
- 2024
-
In: Materials and Design. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 1873-4197 .- 0264-1275. ; 241
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Metallic coatings are widely employed to improve the oxidation resistance of superalloys. However, the interdiffusion between the metallic coatings and the superalloys leads to microstructural degradation in both. Some of the underlying degradation mechanisms are still elusive, e.g., the γ′ (Ni3Al) phase depletion in superalloys, where a large amount of γ′ precipitates are dissolved in the γ matrix even though the incoming Al from coatings indeed increases the Al content. Here, we investigated the interdiffusion behavior between the Amdry365 coating and the IN792 superalloy at 1100 °C, using multiple microscopic techniques and thermodynamics calculations. Our results showed an excellent agreement between experiments and thermodynamics simulations, indicating the dominant role of Al on the initial diffusion-induced phase transitions. We proposed the Al-Cr interference effect to account for the pile-up behavior of Cr and the reduced Al content near the coating/superalloy interface. The local phase equilibrium calculations revealed that the γ′ depletion in the superalloy is primarily attributed to the loss of γ′-forming elements, such as Ta and Ti. Our findings opened up an avenue for studies on the superalloy/coating interdiffusion, contributing to reducing this damaging impact.
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| 11. |
- Ding, Xue Bing, et al.
(author)
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Impaired meningeal lymphatic drainage in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease
- 2021
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In: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 27:3, s. 411-418
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Animal studies implicate meningeal lymphatic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, there is no direct evidence in humans to support this role1–5. In this study, we used dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to assess meningeal lymphatic flow in cognitively normal controls and patients with idiopathic PD (iPD) or atypical Parkinsonian (AP) disorders. We found that patients with iPD exhibited significantly reduced flow through the meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs) along the superior sagittal sinus and sigmoid sinus, as well as a notable delay in deep cervical lymph node perfusion, compared to patients with AP. There was no significant difference in the size (cross-sectional area) of mLVs in patients with iPD or AP versus controls. In mice injected with α-synuclein (α-syn) preformed fibrils, we showed that the emergence of α-syn pathology was followed by delayed meningeal lymphatic drainage, loss of tight junctions among meningeal lymphatic endothelial cells and increased inflammation of the meninges. Finally, blocking flow through the mLVs in mice treated with α-syn preformed fibrils increased α-syn pathology and exacerbated motor and memory deficits. These results suggest that meningeal lymphatic drainage dysfunction aggravates α-syn pathology and contributes to the progression of PD.
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| 12. |
- Shen, Weixing, et al.
(author)
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Protective effects of Wang-Bi tablet on bone destruction in collagen-induced arthritis by regulating osteoclast-osteoblast functions.
- 2019
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In: Journal of Ethnopharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-8741 .- 1872-7573. ; 238
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Wang-bi tablet (WB) consists of 17 traditional Chinese medicines and has been used for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in China for many years, however, its pharmacologic mechanism is not clear.AIM OF STUDY: The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of WB on collagen-induced mouse arthritis and explored the underlying mechanism.MATERIALS AND METHODS: DBA/1 mice were used to establish a type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. From the day of arthritis onset, mice were treated daily by gavage with either total glucosides of paeony (TGP, 0.37 g/kg/d) or WB at a lower (1.11 g/kg/d, WBL) or higher dose of (3.33 g/kg/d, WBH) for 8 weeks. The severity of arthritis, levels of cytokines and the activation of signaling pathways were determined.RESULTS: Our results revealed that WB treatment effectively alleviated inflammatory symptoms and prevented bone erosions and joint destructions. It obviously decreased the serum concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-17α, while increased the concentration of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Interestingly, the proportion of splenic Treg cells were increased significantly. In vitro experiments showed that WB inhibited the differentiation of osteoclasts. Consistently, the mRNA levels of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and cathepsin K (CtsK), and the activation of NF-κB and JAK-STAT3 signaling pathways in the paws of CIA mice were inhibited by WB treatment. On the other hand, up-regulation of osteogenic genes Runx2, Osterix mRNA, and activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway along with a decreased receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) expression were found in WB treated mice.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the therapeutic effect of Wang-bi tablet could be attributed to its inhibitory activity on NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathway-mediated osteoclast differentiation, and its enhancement on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-mediated osteoblast functions.
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| 13. |
- Ai-Xi, Chen, et al.
(author)
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Potential-Induced Phase Transition of N-Isobutyryl-L-cysteine Monolayers on Au(111) Surfaces
- 2017
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In: Wuli huaxue xuebao. - : PEKING UNIV PRESS. - 1000-6818. ; 33:5, s. 1010-1016
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Functional solid substrates modified by self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have potential applications in biosensors, chromatography, and biocompatible materials. The potential-induced phase transition of N-isobutyryl-L-cysteine (L-NIBC) SAMs on Au(111) surfaces was investigated by in-situ electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM) in 0.1 mol.L-1 H2SO4 solution. The NIBC SAMs with two distinct structures (alpha phase and beta phase) can be prepared by immersing the Au(111) substrate in pure NIBC aqueous solution and NIBC solution controlled by phosphate buffer at pH 7, respectively. The as-prepared a phase and beta phase of NIBC SAMs show various structural changes under the control of electrochemical potentials of the Au(111) in H2SO4 solution. The a phase NIBC SAMs exhibit structural changes from ordered to disordered structures with potential changes from 0.7 V (vs saturated calomel electrode, SCE) to 0.2 V. However, the beta phase NIBC SAMs undergo structural changes from disordered structures (E < 0.3 V) to y phase (0.4 V < E < 0.5 V) and finally to the beta phase (0.5 V < E < 0.7 V). EC-STM images also indicate that the phase transition from the alpha phase NIBC SAMs to the a phase occurs at positive potential. Combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the phase transition from the beta phase to the a phase is explained by the potential-induced break of bonding interactions between -COO- and the negatively charged gold surfaces.
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| 14. |
- Aranke, Omkar, 1994-, et al.
(author)
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Microstructural Evolution and Sintering of Suspension Plasma-Sprayed Columnar Thermal Barrier Coatings
- 2019
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In: Journal of thermal spray technology (Print). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1059-9630 .- 1544-1016. ; 28:1-2, s. 198-211
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Suspension plasma spray (SPS) is capable of producing coatings with porous columnar structure, and it is also a much cheaper process compared to the conventionally used electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). Although TBCs with a columnar microstructure that are fabricated using SPS have typically lower thermal conductivity than EB-PVD, they are used sparingly in the aerospace industry due to their lower fracture toughness and limited lifetime expectancy. Lifetime of TBCs is highly influenced by the topcoat microstructure. The objective of this work was to study the TBCs produced using axial SPS with different process parameters. Influence of the microstructure on lifetime of the coatings was of particular interest, and it was determined by thermal cyclic fatigue testing. The effect of sintering on microstructure of the coatings exposed to high temperatures was also investigated. Porosity measurements were taken using image analysis technique, and thermal conductivity of the coatings was determined by laser flash analysis. The results show that axial SPS is a promising method of producing TBCs having various microstructures with good lifetime. Changes in microstructure of topcoat due to sintering were seen evidently in porous coatings, whereas dense topcoats showed good resistance against sintering.
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| 15. |
- Bellippady, Madhura, et al.
(author)
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Characteristics and performance of suspension plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings on additively manufactured superalloy substrates
- 2023
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In: Surface and Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier. - 0257-8972. ; 472
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The complex-shaped hot-section parts of new-generation turbine engines demand unique design solutions. Additive Manufacturing (AM) is an emergent production method that can produce metallic parts with complex geometries and minimal material wastage. In this work, the characteristics and performance behavior of Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) deposited on forged and AM-built HAYNES®282® superalloy substrates were studied and compared. The bond coats were produced by High-Velocity Air-Fuel (HVAF) spraying using NiCoCrAlY powder feedstock and TBC top-coats by Suspension Plasma Spraying (SPS) using water- and ethanol-based suspensions of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ). The microstructural features, adhesion, Thermal Cycling Fatigue (TCF) lifetime, and thermal shock lifetimes of the TBCs were comprehensively investigated. The results showed that the deposition of bond coats reduced the roughness and asperities of the AM-built substrates. Depending on the type of suspension used and the spray parameters employed, the TBCs exhibited vertically cracked and columnar microstructures. However, no significant differences in TCF and thermal shock lifetimes of TBCs on AM and forged substrates were observed. It is demonstrated that TBC systems can be produced on AM-built metallic substrates, and the resulting TBCs can have similar microstructures and properties as TBCs deposited on conventional substrates.
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| 16. |
- Bellippady, Madhura, et al.
(author)
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Performance of Atmospheric Plasma-Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coatings on Additively Manufactured Super Alloy Substrates
- 2024
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In: Coatings. - : MDPI. - 2079-6412. ; 14:5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This work represents a preliminary study of atmospheric plasma-sprayed (APS) YttriaStabilized Zirconia (YSZ)-based thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) deposited on forged and additivemanufactured (AM) HAYNES®282® (H282) superalloy substrates. The effect of different feedstockmorphologies and spray gun designs with radial and axial injection on APS-deposited YSZ layercharacteristics such as microstructure, porosity content, roughness, etc., has been investigated. Theperformance of TBCs in terms of thermal cycling fatigue (TCF) lifetime and erosion behaviour werealso comprehensively investigated. In view of the high surface roughness of as-built AM surfacescompared to forged substrates, two different types of NiCoCrAlY bond coats were examined: oneinvolved high-velocity air fuel (HVAF) spraying of a finer powder, and the other involved APSdeposition of a coarser feedstock. Despite the process and feedstock differences, the above two routesyielded comparable bond coat surface roughness on both types of substrates. Variation in porositylevel in the APS topcoat was observed when deposited using different YSZ feedstock powdersemploying axial or radial injection. However, the resultant TBCs on AM-derived substrates wereobserved to possess similar microstructures and functional properties as TBCs deposited on reference(forged) substrates for any given YSZ deposition process and feedstock.
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| 17. |
- Brodin, Håkan, et al.
(author)
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Bond Coat Influence on TBC Life
-
Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In the present study the influence of bond coat composition and coating process on thermal barrier coating (TBC) life has been evaluated. Six different coatings have been subjected to thermal cycling between 100 and 1100°C. After this the different systems have been characterised by light microscopy and SEM-EDS. Various commercial bond coats have been applied on one substrate material (Haynes alloy 230). The total fatigue life of the different TBC systems varies with 30% what is believed to be influenced by diffusion and oxidation phenomena in the bond coat. It is found that when the aluminium concentration is decreased phases other than alumina form at the top coat I bond coat interface. Oxides formed during later stages of the thermal cyclic test are rich in nickel, cobalt and chromium and the results can be interpreted as formation of nickel-, chromium- or spinel oxides. The reason for TBC failure is coupled to aluminium depletion, which here is believed to be due to inward diffusion and formation of thermally grown oxides (TGO) at the ceramic top coat (TC) metallic bond coat (BC) interface as well as growth of internal oxides in the bond coat.
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| 18. |
- Brodin, Håkan, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Bond Coat Influence on TBC Life
- 2002
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In: Turbin Forum, Advanced Coatings for High Temperatures,2002.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 19. |
- Brodin, Håkan, et al.
(author)
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Bond coat influence on thermal fatigue behaviour of thermal barrier coatings
-
Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In the present study the influence of bond coat composition and coating process on thermal barrier coating (TBC) life has been evaluated. Six different coatings have been subjected to thermal cycling between 100 and 1100°C. After this the different systems have been characterised by light microscopy and SEM-EDS. Various commercial bond coats have been applied on one substrate material (Haynes alloy 230). The total fatigue life of the different TBC systems varies with 30% what is believed to be influenced by diffusion and oxidation phenomena in the bond coat. It is found that when the aluminium concentration is decreased phases other than alumina form at the top coat / bond coat interface. Oxides formed during later stages of the thermal cyclic test are rich in nickel, cobalt and chromium and the results can be interpreted as formation of nickel-, chromium- or spinel oxides. The reason for TBC failure is coupled to aluminium depletion, which here is believed to be due to inward diffusion and formation of thermally grown oxides (TGO) at the ceramic top coat (TC) metallic bond coat (BC) interface as well as growth of internal oxides in the bond coat.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Chen, Weimin, 1959-, et al.
(author)
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Nature and Formation of Non-Radiative Defects in GaNAs and InGaAsN
- 2002
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In: MRS Fall Meeting 2001,2001. - Materials Research Society Symposium - Proceedings, Vol. 692 : MRS. ; , s. 67-72
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) technique has been employed to examine the nature and formation mechanism of non-radiative defects in GaNAs and InGaAsN. In both alloys, two defects were observed and were shown to be deep-level, non-radiative recombination centers. One of the defects has been identified as a complex involving an AsGa antisite. These two defects gain more importance with increasing N composition up to 3%, presumably due to an increase in their concentration. With a further higher N composition, the defects start to lose importance in carrier recombination that is attributed to an increasingly important role of other new non-radiative channels introduced with a high N composition. On the other hand, effect of In composition up to 3% seems to be only marginal. Both defects were shown to be preferably introduced in the alloys during low-temperature growth by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), but can be rather efficiently removed by post-growth rapid thermal annealing.
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| 23. |
- Curry, Nicholas, 1984-, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of the Lifetime and Thermal Conductivity of Dysprosia-Stabilized Thermal Barrier Coating Systems
- 2013
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In: Journal of thermal spray technology (Print). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1059-9630 .- 1544-1016. ; 22:6, s. 864-872
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was the further development of dysprosia stabilised zirconia coatings for gas turbine applications. The target for these coatings was a longer lifetime and higher insulating performance compared to today's industrial stan dard thermal barrier coating. Two morphologies of ceramic top coat were studied; one using a dual layer systems and the second using a polymer to generate porosity. Evaluations were carried out using laser flash technique to measure thermal properties. Lifetime testing was conducted using thermal shock testing and thermo-cyclic fatigue testing. Microstructure was assessed with SEM and Image analysis used to characterise porosity content. The results show that coatings with an engineered microstructure give performance twice that of the present reference coating.
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| 24. |
- Curry, Nicholas, 1984-, et al.
(author)
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Next generation thermal barrier coatings for the gas turbine industry
- 2011
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In: Journal of thermal spray technology (Print). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1059-9630 .- 1544-1016. ; 20:1-2, s. 108-115
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study is to develop the next generation of production ready air plasma sprayed thermal barrier coating with a low conductivity and long lifetime. A number of coating architectures were produced using commercially available plasma spray guns. Modifications were made to powder chemistry, including high purity powders, dysprosia stabilized zirconia powders, and powders containing porosity formers. Agglomerated & sintered and homogenized oven spheroidized powder morphologies were used to attain beneficial microstructures. Dual layer coatings were produced using the two powders. Laser flash technique was used to evaluate the thermal conductivity of the coating systems from room temperature to 1200 °C. Tests were performed on as-sprayed samples and samples were heat treated for 100 h at 1150 °C. Thermal conductivity results were correlated to the coating microstructure using image analysis of porosity and cracks. The results show the influence of beneficial porosity on reducing the thermal conductivity of the produced coatings. © 2010 ASM International.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Eriksson, Robert, et al.
(author)
-
Corrosion of NiCoCrAIY Coatings and TBC Systems Subjected to Water Vapor and Sodium Sulfate
- 2015
-
In: Journal of thermal spray technology (Print). - : Springer. - 1059-9630 .- 1544-1016. ; 24:6, s. 953-964
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems are commonly used in gas turbines for protection against high-temperature degradation. Penetration of the ceramic top coat by corrosive species may cause corrosion damage on the underlying NiCoCrAlY bond coat and cause failure of the TBC system. In the current study, four oxidation/corrosion conditions were tried: (i) lab air, (ii) water vapor, (iii) sodium sulfate deposited on the specimens, and (iv) water vapor + sodium sulfate. The test was done at 750 °C in a cyclic test rig with 48 h cycles. The corrosion damage was studied on NiCoCrAlY-coated specimens, thin APS TBC specimens, and thick APS TBC specimens. Water vapor was found to have very minor influence on the oxidation, while sodium sulfate increased the TGO thickness both for NiCoCrAlY specimens and TBC-coated specimens; the influence of the TBC thickness was found to be very small. Sodium sulfate promoted thicker TGO; more Cr-rich TGO; the formation of Y oxides, and internally, Y sulfides; pore formation in the coating as well as in the substrate; and the formation of a Cr-depleted zone in the substrate.
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| 27. |
- Eriksson, Robert, et al.
(author)
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Cyclic Hot Corrosion of Thermal Barrier Coatings and Overlay Coatings
- 2013
-
In: Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, GT2013. - : The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). - 9780791855188 ; , s. 1-8
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The influence, and interdependence, of water vapor and Na2SO4–50 mol% NaCl on the oxidation of a NiCoCrAlY coating and a thermal barrier coating (TBC) were studied at 750 °C. Water vapor was found to have a negligible effect on oxide composition, but influenced the oxide morphology on the NiCoCrAlY coating. Na2SO4–50 mol% NaCl deposits on the coatings influencedoxide composition, most notably by the promotion of a Y rich phase. The effect of Na2SO4–50 mol% NaCl deposits was also evident for the TBC coated specimen, where the formed metal/ceramic interface oxide was affected by salt reaching the interface by penetration of the zirconia TBC.
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| 28. |
- Eriksson, Robert, et al.
(author)
-
Fractographic and microstructural study of isothermally and cyclically heat treated thermal barrier coatings
- 2014
-
In: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 243, s. 82-90
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The fracture surfaces from adhesion tested thermal barrier coatings (TBC) have been studied by scanning electron microscopy. The adhesion test have been made using the standard method described in ASTM 633, which makes use of a tensile test machine to measure the adhesion. The studied specimens consist of air plasma sprayed (APS) TBC deposited on disc-shaped substrates of Hastelloy X. The bond coat (BC) is of NiCoCrAlY type and the top coat (TC) consists of yttria–stabilised–zirconia. Before the adhesion test, the specimens were subjected to three different heat treatments: 1) isothermal oxidation 2) thermal cycling fatigue (TCF) and 3) burner rig test (BRT). The fracture surfaces of the adhesion tested specimens where characterised. A difference in fracture mechanism were found for the different heat treatments. Isothermal oxidation gave fracture mainly in the top coat while the two cyclic heat treatments gave increasing amount of BC/TC interface fracture with number of cycles. Some differences could also be seen between the specimens subjected to burner rig test and furnace cycling.
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| 29. |
- Eriksson, Robert, et al.
(author)
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Fractographic Study of Adhesion Tested Thermal Barrier Coatings Subjected to Isothermal and Cyclic Heat Treatments
- 2011
-
In: Procedia Engineering. - Elsevier : Elsevier BV. - 1877-7058. ; 10, s. 195-200
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thermal barrier coatings (TBC) are used in gas turbines to protect metallic components from high temperature. In the present study adhesion tests have been conducted on APS TBC coated specimens subjected to different heat treatments. Isothermal and cyclic heat treatments have been conducted at temperatures around 1100 °C and the adhesion have been tested using the method described in ASTM C633. The fracture surfaces resulting from the adhesion test have been investigated and the fracture behavior has been characterized. A difference in fracture mechanism between the three heat treatments has been found. The two cyclic heat treatments give fracture in the top coat/bond coat interface while isothermal heat treatment gives fracture in the top coat.
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| 30. |
- Eriksson, Robert, et al.
(author)
-
Influence of Cu and Zn Residues from Wire Electro-Discharge machining on TBS Durability
- 2014
-
In: Proceedings of the 2014 Energy Materials Conference (CD-ROM). - : Wiley-TMS. - 9781119027942 ; , s. 387-392
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thermal barrier coatings (TBC) are deposited on superalloys in gas turbines to prolong component life. Electro-discharge machining (EDM) provides a convenient way of machining superalloys prior to coating deposition. Wire-EDM may leave residues from the wire material on the cut surface. A study was performed to investigate if brass residues from the EDM wire affected TBC oxidation behavior and spallation life. Isothermal oxidation at 1050 ℃ and thermal cycling at 1100 ℃ were performed on plasma sprayed TBCs on two different EDM cut substrates. No decrease in TBC life was detected due to the brass residues on the cut surfaces.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Eriksson, Robert, et al.
(author)
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Influence of isothermal and cyclic heat treatments on the adhesion of plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings
- 2011
-
In: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 205:23-24, s. 5422-5429
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The adhesion of thermal barrier coatings (TBC) has been studied using the standard method described in ASTM C633, which makes use of a tensile test machine to measure the adhesion. The studied specimens consist of air plasma sprayed (APS) TBC deposited on disc-shaped substrate coupons of Ni-base alloy Hastelloy X. The bond coat (BC) is of a NiCoCrAlY type and the top coat (TC) consists of yttria–stabilised–zirconia. Before the adhesion test, the specimens were subjected to three different heat treatments: 1) isothermal oxidation at 1100 °C up to 290 h, 2) thermal cycling fatigue (TCF) at 1100 °C up to 300 cycles and 3) thermal shock at ~ 1140 °C BC/TC interface temperature up to 1150 cycles. The adhesion of the specimens is reported and accompanied by a microstructural study of the BC and the thermally grown oxides (TGO), as well as a discussion on the influence of BC/TC interfacial damage on adhesion properties of TBC. The adhesion was found to vary with heat treatment, as well as with heat treatment length.
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| 33. |
- Eriksson, Robert, et al.
(author)
-
Influence of substrate material on the life of atmospheric plasmas prayed thermal barrier coatings
- 2013
-
In: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 232:15, s. 795-803
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are used in gas turbines to prolong the life of the underlying substrates and to increase the efficiency of the turbines by enabling higher combustion temperatures. TBCs may fail during service due to thermal fatigue or through the formation of non-protective thermally grown oxides (TGOs). This study compares two atmospheric plasma sprayed (APS) TBC systems comprising of two identical TBCs deposited on two different substrates (Haynes 230 and Hastelloy X). The thermal fatigue life was found to differ between the two TBC systems. The interdiffusion of substrate elements into the coating was more pronounced in the TBC system with shorter life, however, very few of the substrate elements (only Mn and to some extent Fe) formed oxides in the bond coat/top coat interface. Fractography revealed no differences in the fracture behaviour of the TBCs; the fracture occurred, in both cases, to about 60% in the top coat close to the interface and the remainder in the interface. Nanoindentation revealed only small differences in mechanical properties between the TBC systems and a finite element crack growth analysis showed that such small differences did not cause any significant change in the crack driving force. The oxidation kinetics was found to be similar for both TBC systems for the formation of Al2O3 but differed for the kinetics of non-Al2O3 TGOs where the TBC system with shortest life had a faster formation of non-Al2O3 TGOs caused by a faster Al depletion. The difference in non-Al2O3 TGO growth kinetics was considered to be the main reason for the difference in life.
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| 34. |
- Eriksson, Robert, et al.
(author)
-
Life Prediction of High-Temperature MCr AIY Coatings Based on Microstructural Observations
- 2014
-
In: THERMEC 2013. - : Trans Tech Publications Inc.. ; , s. 143-148
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thermal barrier coatings are commonly used in gas turbines for protection against high tem-perature and oxidation. Life prediction of oxidation protective coatingsmay be done bymicrostructure-based techniques such as -depletion based life criteria. In this study, a thermal barrier coating sys-tem, with an overlay NiCoCrAlY coating as bond coat, was oxidised up to 10000 h at 900 C. Themicrostructure was studied and related to Al depletion. It was found that a -depletion based lifecriterion could not be used for the studied coating composition and temperature as it would be tooconservative. A 0-depletion based model was instead suggested and supported by interdiffusion sim-ulation.
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| 35. |
- Eriksson, Robert, et al.
(author)
-
MCrAIY Coating Design Based on Oxidation-Diffusion Modelling. Part II : Lifing Aspects
- 2014
-
In: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 253, s. 27-37
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Coatings from MCrAlY-type alloys are commonly used for oxidation and corrosion protection in gas turbines. As coated components are exposed to high temperature, the coating provides oxidation protection by the formation of an alumina scale, thus depleting the coating of Al which, eventually, will cause the coating to fail. The present study deals with MCrAlY alloy design from a lifing perspective. A previously developed coupled oxidation-diffusion model was used to study the influence of coating composition, substrate composition and oxidation temperature on the expected life of MCrAlY coatings. Eight model coatings, covering the wide range of MCrAlY compositions used industrially, and two model substrates, corresponding to a blade material and a combustor material, were evaluated by the oxidation-diffusion model. Three life criteria were tried: 1) beta-phase-depletion, 2) critical Al content at the coating surface, and 3) a critical TGO thickness. It was shown that the critical TGO thickness was the most conservative life criterion for high-Al coatings on high-Al substrates. For low-Cr and low-Co coatings, the beta-depletion criterion was usually the most conservative. For cases where beta-stability was high (such as at low temperatures and for coatings high in Cr, Co and Al) the critical-Al criterion was often the most conservative.
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| 36. |
- Eriksson, Robert, et al.
(author)
-
TBC bond coat-top coat interface roughness : influence on fatigue life and modelling aspects
- 2013
-
In: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 236, s. 230-238
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), when used in gas turbines, may fail through thermal fatigue, causing the ceramic top coat to spall off the metallic bond coat. The life prediction of TBCs often involves finite element modelling of the stress field close to the bond coat/top coat interface and thus relies on accurate modelling of the interface. The present research studies the influence of bond coat/top coat interface roughness on the thermal fatigue life of plasma sprayed TBCs. By using different spraying parameters, specimens with varying interface roughness were obtained. During thermal cycling it was found that higher interface roughness promoted longer thermal fatigue life. The interfaces were characterised by roughness parameters, such as Ra, Rq and Rq, as well as by autocorrelation, material ratio curves, probability plots and slope distribution. The variation of spray parameters was found to affect amplitude parameters, such as Ra, but not spacing parameters, such as RSm. Three different interface geometries were tried for finite element crack growth simulation: cosine, ellipse and triangular shape. The cosine model was found to be an appropriate interface model and a procedure for obtaining the necessary parameters, amplitude and wavelength, was suggested. The positive effect of high roughness on life was suggested to be due to a shift from predominantly interface failure, for low roughness, to predominantly top coat failure, for high roughness.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Eriksson, Robert, et al.
(author)
-
Thermal Cycling Fatigue of Thermal Barrier Coatings- Rig and Experiment Design
- 2014
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ceramic thermal barrier coatings are used for thermal insulation in gas turbines to protect metallic components from high-temperature degradation. The ceramic coating may, due to its different coefficient of thermal expansion, crack and spall off the metallic component, thus rendering the component unprotected against high-temperature. Thermal cycling rigs of various designs are used to evaluate the durability of thermal barrier coatings. The present paper reports the result from a round robin test including three thermal cycling rigs at different locations. To better understand the influence of rig design on the thermal cyclic lives of thermal barrier coatings, some test parameters, such as the material of the specimen table and the cooling rate, were varied in one of the rigs. Furthermore, two different specimen geometries, rectangular and disc-shaped, were tested. The specimen table material was found to greatly influence the cooling rate of the specimens, more so than variations in the cooling airflow. The rectangular specimens were found to be more sensitive to test setup than the disc-shaped specimens; under certain conditions, the rectangular specimens could be made to fracture from the long side, rather than the short side of the specimen edge, which shortened the thermal cyclic life of the coatings.
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| 39. |
- Fang, Xin, et al.
(author)
-
Effects of inclusion size on thermal conductivity and rheological behavior of ethylene glycol-based suspensions containing silver nanowires with various specific surface areas
- 2015
-
In: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0017-9310 .- 1879-2189. ; 81, s. 554-562
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This work is concerned with the size effects of Ag nanowires on thermal conductivity and rheological behavior of EG-based suspensions. The influences of inclusion concentration and temperature on the thermophysical properties of specimens containing three types of Ag nanowires were also investigated. It was shown that the measured thermal conductivity of EG-based suspensions increased with the rising temperature and loading. Besides, the relative enhancement in thermal conductivity exhibited a linear relationship with respect to the specific surface area of Ag nanowires. A theoretical approach was developed to predict the effective thermal conductivity of suspensions containing nanowires by introducing liquid layer into account. The Ag nanowires/EG interface thermal resistances were extracted from the experimental results, which ranged from 2.0 x 10(8) to 5 x 10(8) m(2) K/W. Furthermore, a comparative study revealed the excellent performance of Ag nanowires used in present work on improving thermal conductivity compared with the reported studies. Finally, the presence of Ag nanowires with the highest aspect ratio (250) was concluded as the main explanation of a noticeable rise in dynamic viscosity and non-Brownian fluid behavior of EG-based suspensions at the highest loading (10 mg/mL).
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| 40. |
- Gupta, Mohit Kumar, 1986-, et al.
(author)
-
Development of bondcoat layer for long lifetime suspension plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings
- 2017
-
In: Proceedings of the International Thermal Spray Conference & Exposition (ITSC 2017). - New York : Curran Associates, Inc. - 9781510858220 ; , s. 1158-1163
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Development of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) manufactured by suspension plasma spraying (SPS) is of high commercial interest as SPS has been shown capable to produce columnar microstructures similar to the conventionally used electron beam – physical vapour deposition (EB-PVD) process. Moreover, SPS is a significantly cheaper process and can also produce more porous coatings than EB-PVD. However, lifetime of SPS coatings needs to be improved further for them to be applicable in commercial applications.The bondcoat microstructure as well as topcoat-bondcoat interface topography affect the TBC lifetime significantly. The objective of this work was to investigate the feasibility of different bondcoat deposition process for SPS TBCs. In this work, a NiCoCrAlY bondcoat deposited by high velocity air fuel (HVAF) was compared to commercial NiCoCrAlY and PtAl bondcoats. All bondcoat variations were prepared with and without grit blasting the bondcoat surface. SPS was used to deposit the topcoats on all samples using the same spray parameters. Lifetime of these samples was examined by thermal cyclic fatigue and thermal shock testing. The effect of bondcoat deposition process and interface topography on lifetime in each case has been discussed. The results show that HVAF could be a suitable process for bondcoat deposition in SPS TBCs.
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| 41. |
- Gupta, Mohit Kumar, 1986-, et al.
(author)
-
Development of bondcoats for high lifetime suspension plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings
- 2019
-
In: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 371:SI, s. 366-377
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fabrication of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) by suspension plasma spraying (SPS) seems to be a promising alternative for the industry as SPS TBCs have the potential to provide lower thermal conductivity and longer lifetime than state-of-the-art allowing higher engine efficiency. Further improvements in lifetime of SPS TBCs and fundamental understanding of failure mechanisms in SPS TBCs are necessary for their widespread commercialisation. In this study, the influence of varying topcoat-bondcoat interface topography and bondcoat microstructure on lifetime was investigated. The objective of this work was to gain fundamental understanding of relationships between topcoat-bondcoat interface topography, bondcoat microstructure, and failure mechanisms in SPS TBCs. Seven sets of samples were produced in this study by keeping same bondcoat chemistry but varying feedstock particle size distributions and bondcoat spray processes. The topcoat chemistry and spray parameters were kept identical in all samples. Three-dimensional surface measurements along with scanning electron microscopy images were used to characterise bondcoat surface topography. The effect of varying interface topography and bondcoat microstructure on thermally grown oxide formation, stresses and lifetime was discussed. The results showed that varying bondcoat powder size distribution and spray process can have a significant effect on lifetime of SPS TBCs. Smoother bondcoats seemed to enhance the lifetime in case of SPS TBCs in case of same bondcoat chemistry and similar bondcoat microstructures. When considering the samples investigated in this study, samples with high velocity air-fuel (HVAF) bondcoats resulted in higher lifetime than other samples indicating that HVAF could be a suitable process for bondcoat deposition in SPS TBCs. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
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| 42. |
- Gupta, Mohit Kumar, 1986-, et al.
(author)
-
Improving the lifetime of suspension plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings
- 2017
-
In: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 332, s. 550-559
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Development of thermal barrier coating systems (TBCs) for gas turbine applications allowing higher combustion temperatures is of high interest since it results in higher fuel efficiency and lower emissions. TBCs produced by suspension plasma spraying (SPS) have been shown to exhibit significantly lower thermal conductivity as compared to conventional systems due to their very fine porosity microstructure. However they have not been commercialised yet due to low reliability and life expectancy of the coatings. In addition to the initial topcoat microstructure and its sintering resistance, lifetime of a TBC system is highly dependent on bondcoat chemistry as it influences the growth rate of thermally grown oxide (TGO) layer. To enhance the lifetime of SPS TBCs, fundamental understanding of relationships between topcoat microstructure and its evolution with time, bondcoat chemistry, TGO growth rate, and lifetime is essential. The objective of this work was to study the effect of topcoat microstructure evolution and TGO growth rate on lifetime in SPS TBC systems. Experimental MCrAlY bondcoat powders with different aluminium activities were investigated and compared to a commercial bondcoat powder. High velocity air fuel spraying was used for bondcoat deposition while axial-SPS was used for yttria stabilized zirconia topcoat deposition. Lifetime was examined by thermal cyclic fatigue testing. Isothermal heat treatment was performed to study TGO evolution with time. The changes in microstructure of SPS coatings due to sintering under long term exposure at high temperatures were investigated. Different failure modes in SPS TBCs were also examined. The bondcoat with higher aluminium activity resulted in a significantly higher thermal cyclic lifetime of the corresponding TBC as it could have promoted protective alumina layer growth for a longer period of time. The results indicate that the significant changes in topcoat microstructure due to sintering as observed in this work could have a detrimental effect on TBC lifetime. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.
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| 43. |
- Gupta, Mohit Kumar, 1986-, et al.
(author)
-
Multilayered suspension plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings for high temperature gas turbine applications
- 2017
-
In: Proceedings of the International Thermal Spray Conference & Exposition (ITSC 2017). - New York : Curran Associates, Inc. - 9781510858220 ; , s. 382-387
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Improvement in the performance of thermal barrier coating systems (TBCs) is one of the key objectives for further development of gas turbine applications. The material most commonly used as TBC topcoat is yttria stabilised zirconia (YSZ). However, the usage of YSZ is limited by the operating temperature range which in turn restricts the engine efficiency. Materials such as pyrochlores, perovskites, rare earth garnets, etc. are suitable candidates which could replace YSZ as they exhibit lower thermal conductivity and higher phase stability at elevated temperatures.The objective of this work was to investigate different multi-layered TBCs consisting of advanced topcoat materials fabricated by Suspension Plasma Spraying (SPS). The investigated topcoat materials were YSZ, dysprosia stabilised zirconia, gadolinium zirconiate, cerium doped YSZ and yttria fully stabilised zirconia. All topcoats were deposited with TriplexPro-210 plasma spray gun and radial injection of suspension. Lifetime of these samples was examined by thermal cyclic fatigue and thermal shock testing. Microstructure analysis of as-sprayed and failed specimens was performed with scanning electron microscope. The failure mechanisms in each case have been discussed in this article. The results show that SPS could be a promising route to produce multilayered TBCs for high temperature applications.
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| 44. |
- Ji, Zhong-Hai, et al.
(author)
-
High-throughput screening and machine learning for the efficient growth of high-quality single-wall carbon nanotubes
- 2021
-
In: Nano Reseach. - : Tsinghua University Press. - 1998-0124 .- 1998-0000. ; 14, s. 4610-4615
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It has been a great challenge to optimize the growth conditions toward structure-controlled growth of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Here, a high-throughput method combined with machine learning is reported that efficiently screens the growth conditions for the synthesis of high-quality SWCNTs. Patterned cobalt (Co) nanoparticles were deposited on a numerically marked silicon wafer as catalysts, and parameters of temperature, reduction time and carbon precursor were optimized. The crystallinity of the SWCNTs was characterized by Raman spectroscopy where the featured G/D peak intensity (IG/ID) was extracted automatically and mapped to the growth parameters to build a database. 1,280 data were collected to train machine learning models. Random forest regression (RFR) showed high precision in predicting the growth conditions for high-quality SWCNTs, as validated by further chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth. This method shows great potential in structure-controlled growth of SWCNTs. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
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| 45. |
- Jonnalagadda, Krisha Praveen, et al.
(author)
-
A study of damage evolution in high purity nano TBCs during thermal cycling: A fracture mechanics based modelling approach
- 2017
-
In: Journal of the European Ceramic Society. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0955-2219 .- 1873-619X. ; 37:8, s. 2889-2899
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This work concerns the study of damage evolution in a newly developed high purity nano 8YSZ thermal barrier coating during thermal cyclic fatigue tests (TCF). TCF tests were conducted between 100 degrees C-1100 degrees C with a hold time of 1 hat 1100 degrees C, first till failure and later for interrupted tests. Cross section analysis along the diameter of the interrupted test samples revealed a mixed-type failure and that the most of the damage occurred towards the end of the coatings life. To understand the most likely crack growth mechanism leading to failure, different crack growth paths have been modelled using finite element analysis. Crack growing from an existing defect in the top coat towards the top coat/TGO interface has been identified as the most likely mechanism. Estimated damage by the model could predict the rapid increase in the damage towards the end of the coatings life. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 46. |
- Jonnalagadda, Krisha Praveen, 1988-, et al.
(author)
-
Comparison of Damage Evolution During Thermal Cycling in a High Purity Nano and Conventional Thermal Barrier Coating
- 2017
-
In: Surface & Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 332, s. 47-56
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), consisting of a ceramic top coat and a metallic bond coat, offer resistance against high temperature degradation of turbine components. Cyclic oxidation of the bond coat, thermal stresses due to their thermal mismatches during cyclic operations, and sintering of the top coat are considered to be the common ways by which thermal barrier coatings fail. To reduce sintering, a nano structured high purity yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) was developed. The focus of this work is to compare the damage development of such high purity nano YSZ TBC during thermal cycling with a conventional YSZ TBC. Thermal cyclic fatigue (TCF) tests were conducted on both the TBC systems between 100 °C and 1100 °C with a 1 h hold time at 1100 °C. TCF test results showed that conventional YSZ TBC exhibited much higher life compared to the high purity nano YSZ TBC. The difference in the lifetime is explained by the use of microstructural investigations, crack length measurements along the cross-section and the difference in the elastic modulus. Furthermore, stress intensity factors were calculated in order to understand the difference(s) in the damage development between the two TBC systems.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Jonnalagadda, Krisha Praveen
(author)
-
Failure mechanisms in APS and SPS thermal barrier coatings during cyclic oxidation and hot corrosion
- 2017
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) are advanced material systems that are being used in the hot sections of gas turbines such as combustor, turbine blades, and vanes. The top ceramic coating in TBCs provides insulation against the hot gases and the intermediate metallic bond coat provides oxidation and corrosion resistance to the underlying turbine components.Durability of thermal barrier coatings is very important for the overall performance of the gas turbine. TBCs can fail in several different ways and there is a combination of more than one failure mechanism in most situations. One of the most widely used TBC is atmospheric plasma sprayed (APS) yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ). Both the deposition technique and the TBC material have certain limitations. The main aim of this research is to study new TBC materials and/or new deposition techniques and compare with the conventional YSZ and understand their failure mechanisms during cyclic oxidation and hot corrosion.Thermal cyclic oxidation of a newly developed high purity nano YSZ thermal barrier coating has been studied. Cross sectional analysis of exposed as well as completely failed samples showed a mixed-type failure caused by crack propagation parallel to the bond coat/top coat interface. The majority of the damage occurred towards the end of the coating life. A finite element model has been developed to study the probability of crack growth along different paths that leads to the final failure.Hot corrosion mechanism in suspension plasma sprayed two-layer gadolinium zirconate/YSZ, three-layer dense gadolinium zirconate/gadolinium zirconate/YSZ, and a single-layer YSZ has been studied in the presence of sodium sulfate and vanadium pentoxide. The test results showed that gadolinium zirconate coatings were more susceptible to corrosion compared to YSZ coatings despite gadolinium zirconate coatings having lower reactivity with the corrosive salts.Thermal cycling behavior of a high chromium bond coat has been studied. Cross-sectional analysis showed formation of sandwich type microstructure with chromium rich oxide and alumina as the top and the bottom layers.Inter-diffusion of minor elements between different MCrAlY coatings – substrate systems has been studied using, diffusion simulation software, DICTRA. The simulation results showed that the diffusion of minor elements in the coatings is dependent on the rate of β phase depletion in the beginning. After the depletion of β phase there was no clear dependence of the coating composition on the diffusion of minor elements.
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| 49. |
- Jonnalagadda, Krishna Praveen, 1988-, et al.
(author)
-
Failure of Multilayer Suspension Plasma Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coatings in the Presence of Na2SO4 and NaCl at 900 °C
- 2019
-
In: Journal of thermal spray technology (Print). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1059-9630 .- 1544-1016. ; 28:1-2, s. 212-222
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The current investigation focuses on understanding the influence of a columnar microstructure and a sealing layer on the corrosion behavior of suspension plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). Two different TBC systems were studied in this work. First is a double layer made of a composite of gadolinium zirconate + yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) deposited on top of YSZ. Second is a triple layer made of dense gadolinium zirconate deposited on top of gadolinium zirconate + YSZ over YSZ. Cyclic corrosion tests were conducted between 25 and 900 °C with an exposure time of 8 h at 900 °C. 75 wt.% Na2SO4 + 25 wt.% NaCl were used as the corrosive salts at a concentration of 6 mg/cm2. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the samples’ cross sections showed that severe bond coat degradation had taken place for both the TBC systems, and the extent of bond coat degradation was relatively higher in the triple-layer system. It is believed that the sealing layer in the triple-layer system reduced the number of infiltration channels for the molten salts which resulted in overflowing of the salts to the sample edges and caused damage to develop relatively more from the edge.
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| 50. |
- Jonnalagadda, Krishna Praveen, 1988-, et al.
(author)
-
Fatigue life prediction of thermal barrier coatings using a simplified crack growth model
- 2019
-
In: Journal of the European Ceramic Society. - : Elsevier BV. - 0955-2219 .- 1873-619X. ; 39:5, s. 1869-1876
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Models that can predict the life of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) during thermal cycling fatigue (TCF) tests are highly desirable. The present work focuses on developing and validating a simplified model based on the relation between the energy release rate and the TCF cycles to failure. The model accounts for stresses due to thermal mismatch, influence of sintering, and the growth of TGO (alumina and other non-protective oxides). The experimental investigation of TBCs included; 1) TCF tests at maximum temperatures of 1050 °C, 1100 °C, 1150 °C and a minimum temperature of 100 °C with 1 h and 5 h (1100 °C) hold times. 2) Isothermal oxidation tests at 900, 1000 and 1100 °C for times up to 8000 h. The model was calibrated and validated with the experimental results. It has been shown that the model is able to predict the TCF life and effect of hold time with good accuracy.
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