SwePub - search: WFRF:(Li Xingyu)

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1.	Kristanl, Matej, et al. (author) The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results 2019 In: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
2.	2019 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
3.	Cao, Qi, et al. (author) N-Type Conductive Small Molecule Assisted 23.5% Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells 2022 In: Advanced Energy Materials. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 12:34 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Because of the compatibility with tandem devices and the ability to be manufactured at low temperatures, inverted perovskite solar cells have generated far-ranging interest for potential commercial applications. However, their efficiency remains inadequate owing to various traps in the perovskite film and the restricted hole blocking ability of the electron transport layer. Thus, in this work, a wide-bandgap n-type semiconductor, 4,6-bis(3,5-di(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-2-phenylpyrimidine (B4PyPPM), to modify a perovskite film via an anti-solvent method is introduced. The nitrogen sites of pyrimidine and pyridine rings in B4PyPPM exhibit strong interactions with the undercoordinated lead ions in the perovskite material. These interactions can reduce the trap state densities and inhibit nonradiative recombination of the perovskite bulk. Moreover, B4PyPPM can partially aggregate on the perovskite surface, leading to an improvement in the hole-blocking ability at its interface. This modification can also increase the built-in potential and upshift the Fermi level of the modified perovskite film, promoting electron extraction to the electron transport layer. The champion device achieves a high efficiency of 23.51%. Meantime, the sealed device retains approximate to 80% of its initial performance under a maximum power point tracking for nearly 2400 h, demonstrating an excellent operational stability.
4.	Menkveld, Albert J., et al. (author) Nonstandard Errors 2024 In: JOURNAL OF FINANCE. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0022-1082 .- 1540-6261. ; 79:3, s. 2339-2390 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty-nonstandard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for more reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer-review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by participants.
5.	Yang, Jiabao, et al. (author) Overcome Low Intrinsic Conductivity of NiOx Through Triazinyl Modification for Highly Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells 2022 In: Solar RRL. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2367-198X. ; 6:9 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Nickel oxide (NiOx) is a promising hole transport material in inverted organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cells. However, its low intrinsic conductivity hinders its further improvement in device performance. Here, we employ a trimercapto-s-triazine trisodium salt (TTTS) as a chelating agent of Ni2+ in the NiOx layer to improve its conductivity. Due to the electron-deficient triazine ring, the TTTS complexes with Ni2+ in NiOx via a strong Ni2+-N coordination bond and increases the ratio of Ni3+:Ni2+. The increased Ni3+ concentration adjusts the band structure of NiOx, thus enhancing hole density and mobility, eventually improving the intrinsic conductivity of NiOx. As a result, the device with TTTS modification displays a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.81%. The encapsulated device based on a modified-NiOx layer maintains 94% of its initial power output at the maximum power point and continuous one-sun illumination for 1000 h at 45 degrees C. In addition, the unencapsulated target devices also maintain 92% at 60 +/- 5% relative humidity and 25 degrees C in the air for 5000 h; and 91% at 85 degrees C in a nitrogen atmosphere for 1000 h. The research provides an effective strategy to enhance PCE and stability of inverted PSCs via modifying NiOx films with triazine molecule.
6.	Luo, Yifei, et al. (author) Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors 2023 In: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:6, s. 5211-5295 Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
7.	Wang, Shuangjie, et al. (author) Critical Role of Removing Impurities in Nickel Oxide on High-Efficiency and Long-Term Stability of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells 2022 In: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 61:18 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The performance enhancement of inverted perovskite solar cells applying nickel oxide (NiOx) as the hole transport layer (HTL) has been limited by impurity ions (such as nitrate ions). Herein, we have proposed a strategy to obtain high-quality NiOx nanoparticles via an ionic liquid-assisted synthesis method (NiOx-IL). Experimental and theoretical results illustrate that the cation of the ionic liquid can inhibit the adsorption of impurity ions on nickel hydroxide through a strong hydrogen bond and low adsorption energy, thereby obtaining NiOx-IL HTL with high conductivity and strong hole-extraction ability. Importantly, the removal of impurity ions can effectively suppress the redox reaction between the NiOx film and the perovskite film, thus slowing down the deterioration of device performance. Consequently, the modified inverted device shows a striking efficiency exceeding 22.62 %, and superior stability maintaining 92 % efficiency at a maximum power point tracking under one sun illumination for 1000 h.
8.	Wang, Tong, et al. (author) Deep defect passivation and shallow vacancy repair via an ionic silicone polymer toward highly stable inverted perovskite solar cells 2022 In: Energy & Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 15:10, s. 4414-4424 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Additive engineering is an effective strategy for defect passivation and performance improvement of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, few additives have achieved outstanding stability with high efficiency by simultaneously passivating deep and shallow defects. Herein, we design a novel ionic silicone polymer (PECL) with multi-active sites as an additive to modify inverted PSCs. The C-O groups in the PECL polymer can chelate with undercoordinated Pb2+ and Pb clusters to passivate deep defects; and the ionic groups in the PECL polymer can generate electrostatic interaction with both positively and negatively charged vacancies, which help to repair shallow defects. Moreover, we quantitatively reveal the effect of deep and shallow defects on the efficiency and stability of PSCs separately, by establishing the correlation between additives with different functional groups and the performance of devices. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency of the PECL-modified inverted PSC increases from 20.02% to 23.11%. More importantly, the encapsulated PSCs maintain 95% of their initial steady-state power output after 1500 hours under AM 1.5 illumination at the maximum power point at 45 degrees C. Therefore, we provide a universal guideline of polymer structure design for defect healing in stabilizing PSCs with high efficiency.
9.	Yang, Jiabao, et al. (author) Inhibiting metal-inward diffusion-induced degradation through strong chemical coordination toward stable and efficient inverted perovskite solar cells 2022 In: Energy & Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 15:5, s. 2154-2163 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The inward diffusion of metal electrodes is one of the main reasons for the deterioration of the long-term device stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Thus, herein, we adopt a simple additive engineering strategy to modify the barrier material bathocuproine (BCP) with 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trithiol trisodium salt (TTTS). Different from the traditional physical blocking strategies, TTTS could prevent the metal electrodes (e.g., gold, silver, and copper) from diffusing inward through the strong chemical coordination between TTTS and the metal electrode. The TTTS additive also improved the conductivity and band structure of BCP, thus enhancing the ability of BCP to extract electrons from the perovskite layer to the electrode. Consequently, the inverted device modified with TTTS exhibited a high efficiency of 22.59%, which is among the highest efficiencies reported to date for inverted PSCs. More importantly, it showed excellent operational, ambient, and thermal stability. The target device maintained its initial efficiency with no loss under continuous one-sun illumination at maximum power point tracking after 1000 h (the champion device), 91% in air (50% +/- 5% RH) for 5000 h, and 93% after heating at 85 degrees C for 1500 h (average efficiency from ten devices).
10.	Zou, Yatao, et al. (author) Thermal-induced interface degradation in perovskite light-emitting diodes 2020 In: Journal of Materials Chemistry C. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 2050-7526 .- 2050-7534. ; 8:43, s. 15079-15085 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have experienced rapid improvements in device efficiency during the last several years. However, the operational instability of PeLEDs remains a key barrier hindering their practical applications. A fundamental understanding of the degradation mechanism is still lacking but will be important to seek ways to mitigate these unwanted processes. In this work, through comprehensive characterizations of the perovskite emitters and the interfacial contacts, we figure out that Joule heating induced interface degradation is one of the dominant factors affecting the operational stability of PeLEDs. We investigate the interfacial contacts of PeLEDs based on a commonly used device structure, with an organic electron transport layer of 1,3,5-tris(N-phenylbenzimiazole-2-yl)benzene (TPBi), and observe obvious photoluminescence quenching of the perovskite layer after device operation. Detailed characterizations of the interlayers and the interfacial contacts reveal that photoluminescence quenching is mainly due to the element inter-diffusion at the interface induced by the morphological evolution of the TPBi layers under Joule heating during the operation of PeLEDs. Our work provides direct insights into the degradation pathways and highlights the importance of exploring intrinsically stable interlayers as well as interfacial contacts beyond the state-of-the-art to further boost the operational stability of PeLEDs.
11.	He, Jiansen, et al. (author) Direct Measurement of the Dissipation Rate Spectrum around Ion Kinetic Scales in Space Plasma Turbulence 2019 In: Astrophysical Journal. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 880:2 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The energy of turbulence in the universe, which cascades from large fluid scales to small kinetic scales, is believed to be dissipated through conversion to thermal or nonthermal kinetic energy. However, identifying the dissipation processes and measuring the dissipation rate in turbulence remain challenging. Based on unprecedented high-quality measurements of space plasma turbulence by the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission, we propose a novel approach to measure the scale-dependent spectrum of the energy conversion rate between the fluctuating electromagnetic energy and plasma kinetic energy. The energy conversion rate spectrum is found to show a positive bulge around the ion kinetic scale, which clearly indicates the dissipation of the turbulent energy. The energy dissipation rate around the ion scale is estimated to be 0.5 x 10(6) J kg(-1) s(-1). This work provides basic information on local dissipation in magnetosheath turbulence and sets up a new paradigm for studying the dissipation of universal plasma turbulence.
12.	He, Jiansen, et al. (author) Observations of Rapidly Growing Whistler Waves in Front of Space Plasma Shock due to Resonance Interaction between Fluctuating Electron Velocity Distributions and Electromagnetic Fields 2022 In: Astrophysical Journal. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 941:2 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The whistler-mode wave extending from the fast-magnetosonic wave branch is a fundamental perturbation of electromagnetic fields and plasmas in various environments including planetary space, laboratory, and astrophysics. The origin and evolution of the waves is a long-standing question due to the limited instrumental capability in resolving highly variable plasma and electromagnetic fields. Here, we analyze observational data with a high time resolution from the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft in front of the terrestrial bow shock (e.g., foreshock). We develop a novel approach to extract the three-dimensional fluctuating electron velocity distributions (delta f (e)( V )) from their background (f (e0)( V )), and have successfully captured the coherent resonance between fluctuating electrons (delta f (e)( V )) and wavelike electromagnetic fields (delta B , delta E ) at an unprecedentedly high frequency (>1 Hz) for investigating wave-particle interactions. We provide that the unstable whistler wave grows rapidly over a timescale that is much shorter than the proton gyro-period. Regarding the energy origin for the waves, we find the ion distributions consisting of the solar wind ion flows and the ion beams reflected from the shock play crucial roles in providing the free energy and determining the eigenmode disturbances of fields and electrons. The quantification of wave growth rate and the characterization of wave-particle interactions for the instability driver can significantly advance the understandings of wave evolution and energy conversion between multisource multispecies particles and wave electromagnetic fields.
13.	Huang, Sihan, et al. (author) Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0-Comparison, complementation and co-evolution 2022 In: Journal of manufacturing systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-6125 .- 1878-6642. ; 64, s. 424-428 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Recently, the futuristic industry and society have caught increasing attention, that is, on Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0. Industry 5.0 is announced by European Commission toward a sustainable, human-centric, and resilient European industry. Society 5.0 is proposed by Japan Cabinet to balance economic advancement with the reso-lution of social problems in Japanese society. Generally, the revolutions of industry and society have profoundly interacted with each other since the first industrial revolution. The coexistence of Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0 could raise varying confusions to be clarified and a series of questions to be answered. Therefore, we attempt to present the comparison, complementation, and co-evolution between Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0 to address the corresponding foundational arguments about Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0, which could be the basic inspiration for future investigation and discussion and accelerate the development of Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0.
14.	Huang, Xiaofeng, et al. (author) Solvent racing crystallization : Low-solvation dispersion cosolvents for high-quality halide perovskites in photovoltaics 2023 In: Joule. - : Elsevier. - 2542-4351. ; 7:7, s. 1556-1573 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The solvation capacity of dispersion solvents plays a crucial role in the solution processing of metal halide perovskites. For instance, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), a widely used dispersion solvent, possesses high solvation capacity but often generates suboptimal film quality due to slow crystallization kinetics. We propose using low-solvation binary cosolvents (nitrile-and ether-type solvents) to achieve a balance between solvation (i.e., sufficient solubility of precursors) and desolvation (i.e., rapid crystallization of films) pro-cesses during perovskite synthesis. The polarity and hydrogen -bonding property of these cosolvents synergistically enhance their solvation capacity, facilitating perovskite precursor dissolution. Moreover, the low-solvation cosolvents accelerate the crystalliza-tion of well-defined intermediate films, yielding higher-quality pe-rovskites than those synthesized with DMF. The optimized modules achieved an active-area efficiency of 22.27%, with a certified aper-ture-area efficiency of 16.10% and corresponding active-area effi-ciency of 20.75%. This research on solvation regulation provides universal guidelines for innovatively preparing high-quality halide perovskites.
15.	Leng, Jiewu, et al. (author) Unlocking the power of industrial artificial intelligence towards Industry 5.0: Insights, pathways, and challenges 2024 In: Journal of manufacturing systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-6125 .- 1878-6642. ; 73, s. 349-363 Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract With the continuous development of human-centric, resilient, and sustainable manufacturing towards Industry 5.0, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has gradually unveiled new opportunities for additional functionalities, new features, and tendencies in the industrial landscape. On the other hand, the technology-driven Industry 4.0 paradigm is still in full swing. However, there exist many unreasonable designs, configurations, and implementations of Industrial Artificial Intelligence (IndAI) in practice before achieving either Industry 4.0 or Industry 5.0 vision, and a significant gap between the individualized requirement and actual implementation result still exists. To provide insights for designing appropriate models and algorithms in the upgrading process of the industry, this perspective article classifies IndAI by rating the intelligence levels and presents four principles of implementing IndAI. Three significant opportunities of IndAI, namely, collaborative intelligence, self-learning intelligence, and crowd intelligence, towards Industry 5.0 vision are identified to promote the transition from a technology-driven initiative in Industry 4.0 to the coexistence and interplay of Industry 4.0 and a value-oriented proposition in Industry 5.0. Then, pathways for implementing IndAI towards Industry 5.0 together with key empowering techniques are discussed. Social barriers, technology challenges, and future research directions of IndAI are concluded, respectively. We believe that our effort can lay a foundation for unlocking the power of IndAI in futuristic Industry 5.0 research and engineering practice.
16.	Li, Xingyu, et al. (author) Smart Reconfigurable Manufacturing: Literature Analysis 2024 In: 11th CIRP Global Web Conference, CIRPe 2023. - : Elsevier B.V.. ; , s. 43-48 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Smart manufacturing (SM) enhances the competitiveness of manufacturing companies by promoting automation and overall equipment effectiveness (OEE), targeting to produce 100% qualified products fully automatically. One of the key challenges to the SM initiatives is the continuous demand fluctuations in the specification and quantity, especially when a new product variant comes to the production line. Reconfigurable manufacturing (RM) system provides cost-effective, rapid response to abrupt market changes. It provides a solution by its flexibility in repurposing tools, adding machines, and modifying software to rapidly respond to changing demands at low unit costs. The ability of SM technologies through self-programming and cloud computation may significantly complements RM initiatives. There is increasing evidence that SM and RM may augment each other through their complementary strengths, leading to the new paradigm of smart reconfigurable manufacturing (SRM). To highlight the complementary strengths, this paper investigates the converging trend of RM and SM based on natural language processing, e.g., topic modeling and semantic embedding. Key characteristics and industrial use cases are subsequently summarized to systematically delineate the new SRM paradigm and illustrate its advantages and feasibility in practice.
17.	Li, Ze, et al. (author) Modulated-Virtual-Vector-Based Predictive Current Control for Dual Three-Phase PMSM With Enhanced Steady-State Performance 2023 In: IECON 2023 - 49th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine (DTP-PMSM) has attracted great attention due to its high reliability and high-power output capacities. However, the conventional single-voltage-vector-based predictive current control (SV-PCC) for DTP-PMSM presents high torque ripple and current harmonics, and high computational burden. To solve those issues, a modulated-virtual-vector-based PCC (MVV-PCC) for DTP-PMSM is proposed in this paper. Wherein, twenty-four VVs are synthesized by the inherent voltage vectors, and two VVs and one zero voltage vector with optimal duty cycles are determined and applied in each sampling period to improve the steady-state performance. The selection of optimal VVs and the calculation of the optimal duty cycles are simplified by integrating the deadbeat control and modulation scheme. Various comparisons are carried out to validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed MVV-PCC strategy.
18.	Ma, Ruoyan, et al. (author) Single photon detection performance of highly disordered NbTiN thin films 2023 In: JOURNAL OF PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 2399-6528. ; 7:5 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract We experimentally investigated the detection performance of highly disordered NbxTi1-xN based superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs). The dependence on the composition of the transition temperature T-c for NbxTi1-xN films show a dome-like behavior on the Nb content, with a maximal T-c at x(Nb) similar to 0.65, and the Nb0.65Ti0.35N films also combine relatively large sheet resistance and intermediate residual resistivity ratio. Moreover, 60-nm-wide and 7-nm-thick Nb0.65Ti0.35N nanowires show a switching current as high as 14.5 mu A, and saturated intrinsic detection efficiency with a plateau of more than 2 mu A at 2.4 K. Finally, the corresponding SNSPDs on an alternative SiO2/Ta2O5 dielectric mirror showed a system detection efficiency of approximately 92% for 1550 nm photons, and the timing jitter is around 26 ps. Our results demonstrate that the highly disordered NbxTi1-xN films are promising for fabricating SNSPDs for near-and middle-infrared single photons with high detection efficiency and low timing jitter.
19.	Schmidt, Hartmut H., et al. (author) Patisiran treatment in patients with hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis with polyneuropathy after liver transplantation 2022 In: American Journal of Transplantation. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1600-6135 .- 1600-6143. ; 22:6, s. 1646-1657 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Hereditary transthyretin-mediated (hATTR) amyloidosis, or ATTRv amyloidosis, is a progressive disease, for which liver transplantation (LT) has been a long-standing treatment. However, disease progression continues post-LT. This Phase 3b, open-label trial evaluated efficacy and safety of patisiran in patients with ATTRv amyloidosis with polyneuropathy progression post-LT. Primary endpoint was median transthyretin (TTR) reduction from baseline. Twenty-three patients received patisiran for 12 months alongside immunosuppression regimens. Patisiran elicited a rapid, sustained TTR reduction (median reduction [Months 6 and 12 average], 91.0%; 95% CI: 86.1%–92.3%); improved neuropathy, quality of life, and autonomic symptoms from baseline to Month 12 (mean change [SEM], Neuropathy Impairment Score, −3.7 [2.7]; Norfolk Quality of Life-Diabetic Neuropathy questionnaire, −6.5 [4.9]; least-squares mean [SEM], Composite Autonomic Symptom Score-31, −5.0 [2.6]); and stabilized disability (Rasch-built Overall Disability Scale) and nutritional status (modified body mass index). Adverse events were mild or moderate; five patients experienced ≥1 serious adverse event. Most patients had normal liver function tests. One patient experienced transplant rejection consistent with inadequate immunosuppression, remained on patisiran, and completed the study. In conclusion, patisiran reduced serum TTR, was well tolerated, and improved or stabilized key disease impairment measures in patients with ATTRv amyloidosis with polyneuropathy progression post-LT (www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT03862807).
20.	Wang, Baicun, et al. (author) Human Digital Twin in the context of Industry 5.0 2024 In: Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0736-5845 .- 1879-2537. ; 85 Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract Human-centricity, a core value of Industry 5.0, places humans in the center of production. It leads to the prioritization of human needs, spanning from health and safety to self-actualization and personal growth. The concept of the Human Digital Twin (HDT) is proposed as a critical method to realize human-centricity in smart manufacturing systems towards Industry 5.0. HDTs are digital representations of humans, aiming to change the practice of human-system integration by coupling humans’ characteristics directly to the system design and its performance. In-depth analysis, critical insights, and application guidelines of HDT are essential to realize the concept of Industry 5.0 in practice and evolve the smart manufacturing paradigm in modern factories. However, the investigation on the development of HDT to evolve humans’ roles and develop humans to their full potential is limited to date. Recent studies are rarely geared towards designing a standardized framework and architecture of HDT for diverse real-world applications. Thus, this work aims to close this research gap by carrying out a comprehensive survey on HDT in the context of Industry 5.0, summarizing the ongoing evolution, and proposing a proper connotation of HDT, before discussing the conceptual framework and system architecture of HDT and analyzing enabling technologies and industrial applications. This work provides guidance on possible avenues as well as challenges for the further development of HDT and its related concepts, allowing humans to reach their potential and accommodating their diverse needs in the futuristic smart manufacturing systems shaped by Industry 5.0.
21.	Wang, Guilei, et al. (author) Study of SiGe selective epitaxial process integration with high-k and metal gate for 16/14 nm nodes FinFET technology 2016 In: Microelectronic Engineering. - : Elsevier. - 0167-9317 .- 1873-5568. ; 163, s. 49-54 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In this study, the process integration of SiGe selective epitaxy on source/drain regions, for 16/14 nm nodes FinFET with high-k & metal gate has been presented. Selectively grown Si1-xGex (0.35 <= x <= 0.40) with boron concentration of 1 x 10(20) cm(-3) was used to elevate the source/drain of the transistors. The epi-quality, layer profile and strain amount of the selectively grown SiGe layers were also investigated by means of various characterizations. A series of prebaking experiments were performed for temperatures ranging from 740 to 825 degrees C in order to in situ clean the Si fins prior to the epitaxy. The results showed that the thermal budget needs to be limited to 780-800 degrees C in order to avoid any damages to the shape of Si fins but to remove the native oxide effectively which is essential for high epitaxial quality. The Ge content in SiGe layers on Si fins was determined from the strain measured directly by reciprocal space mappings using synchrotron radiation. Atomic layer deposition technique was applied to fill the gate trench with W using WF6 and B2H6 precursors. By such an AID approach, decent growth rate, low resistivity and excellent gap filling capability of W in pretty high aspect-ratio gate trench was realized. The as-fabricated FinFETs demonstrated decent electrical characteristics.
22.	Wang, Sen, et al. (author) ATAC-seq reveals the roles of chromatin accessibility in the chondrocytes of Kashin-Beck disease compared with primary osteoarthritis 2023 In: Frontiers in Genetics. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-8021. ; 14 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate the roles of accessible chromatin in understanding the different pathogeneses between Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) and primary osteoarthritis (OA).Methods: Articular cartilages of KBD and OA patients were collected, and after tissue digestion, primary chondrocytes were cultured in vitro. Assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) was performed to compare the accessible chromatin differences of chondrocytes between KBD and OA groups. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were executed for the promoter genes. Then, the IntAct online database was used to generate networks of significant genes. Finally, we overlapped the analysis of differentially accessible region (DAR)-associated genes and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) obtained from whole-genomic microarray.Results: We obtained 2,751 total DARs, which contained 1,985 loss and 856 gain DARs and belonged to 11 location distributions. We obtained 218 motifs associated with loss DARs, 71 motifs associated with gain DARs, 30 motif enrichments of loss DARs, and 30 motif enrichments of gain DARs. In total, 1,749 genes are associated with loss DARs, and 826 genes are associated with gain DARs. Among them, 210 promoter genes are associated with loss DARs, and 112 promoter genes are associated with gain DARs. We obtained 15 terms of GO enrichment and 5 terms of KEGG pathway enrichment from loss DAR promoter genes, and 15 terms of GO enrichment and 3 terms of KEGG pathway enrichment from gain DAR promoter genes. We obtained CAPN6 and other 2 overlap genes from loss DARs-vs-down DEGs, AMOTL1 from gain DARs-vs-down DEGs, EBF3 and other 12 overlap genes from loss DARs-vs-up DEGs, and ADARB1 and other 10 overlap genes from 101 gain DARs-vs-up DEGs. These overlap genes were built into 4 gene interaction networks.Conclusion: FGF7, GPD1L, NFIB, RUNX2, and VCAM1 were the overlapped genes from the DAR-associated genes and DEGs. These genes were associated with the abnormal chondrocyte function, which may play crucial roles in different processes between KBD and OA in the way of accessible chromatin.
23.	Zhang, Xing, et al. (author) Diagnosing NB plasmas on the EAST tokamak with new time-of-flight neutron spectrometer 2014 In: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 54:10, s. 104008- Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The new neutron spectrometer time-of-flight enhanced diagnostics (TOFED) for the EAST tokamak is presented and its characteristics are described in terms of simulation results, as well as the interface in the torus hall along with new neutral beam (NB) injectors. The use of TOFED for studies of the slowing down of NB-injected deuterons is illustrated. The implications of measuring the neutron emission on a long pulse machine are discussed together with the experimental challenges and diagnostic possibilities approaching those to be encountered in continuous operation.
24.	Zhou, Huiying, et al. (author) An attention-based deep learning approach for inertial motion recognition and estimation in human-robot collaboration 2023 In: Journal of manufacturing systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-6125 .- 1878-6642. ; 67, s. 97-110 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In line with a human-centric smart manufacturing vision, human-robot collaboration is striving to combine robots' high efficiency and quality with humans' rapid adaptability and high flexibility. In particular, perception, recognition and estimation of human motion determine when and what robot to collaborate with humans. This work presents an attention-based deep learning approach for inertial motion recognition and estimation in order to infer when robotic assistance will be requested by the human and to allow the robot to perform partial human tasks. First, in the stage of motion perception and recognition, quaternion-based calibration and forward kinematic analysis methods enable the reconstruction of human motion based on data streaming from an inertial motion capture device. Then, in the stage of motion estimation, residual module and Bidirectional Long ShortTerm Memory module are integrated with proposed attention mechanism for estimating arm motion trajectories further. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in achieving better recognition and estimation in comparison with traditional approaches and existing deep learning approaches. It is experimentally verified in a laboratory environment involving a collaborative robot employed in a small part assembly task.

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