| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(author)
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Search for h(c) -> pi(+)pi(-) J/psi via psi(3686) -> pi(0)pi(+)pi(-) J/psi
- 2018
-
In: Physical Review D. - : American Physical Society. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 97:5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using a data sample of 448.1 x 10(6) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII, we perform search for the hadronic transition h(c)-> pi(+)pi(-) J/psi via psi (3686) -> pi(0)hc. No signals of the transition are observed, and the upper limit on the product branching fraction B(sigma(3686) -> pi(0)h(c))B(h(c) -> pi(+)pi(-) J/psi) at the 90% confidence level (C. L.) is determined to be 2.0 x 10(-6). This is the most stringent upper limit to date.
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| 3. |
- Kristanl, Matej, et al.
(author)
-
The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results
- 2019
-
In: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 4. |
- Qian, Yan, et al.
(author)
-
Quantification for total demethylation potential of environmental samples utilizing the EGFP reporter gene
- 2016
-
In: Journal of Hazardous Materials. - : Elsevier. - 0304-3894 .- 1873-3336. ; 306, s. 278-285
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract The demethylation potential of pollutants is arguably an innate component of their toxicity in environmental samples. A method was developed for determining the total demethylation potential of food samples (TDQ). The demethylation epigenetic toxicity was determined using the Hep G2 cell line transfected with pEGFP-C3 plasmids containing a methylated promoter of the EGFP reporter gene. The total demethylation potential of the sample extracts (the 5-AZA-CdR demethylation toxic equivalency) can be quantified within one week by using a standard curve of the 5-AZA-CdR demethylation agent. To explore the applicability of TDQ for environmental samples, 17 groundwater samples were collected from heavy polluted Kuihe river and the total demethylation potentials of the sample extracts were measured successfully. Meaningful demethylation toxic equivalencies ranging from 0.00050 to 0.01747 μM were found in all groundwater sample extracts. Among 19 kinds of inorganic substance, As and Cd played important roles for individual contribution to the total demethylation epigenetic toxicity. The TDQ assay is reliable and fast for quantifying the DNA demethylation potential of environmental sample extracts, which may improve epigenetic toxicity evaluations for human risk assessment, and the consistent consuming of groundwater alongside the Kuihe river pose unexpected epigenetic health risk to the local residents.
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| 5. |
-
- 2019
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 6. |
- Cao, Huiming, et al.
(author)
-
Effect of Enterohepatic Circulation on the Accumulation of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances : Evidence from Experimental and Computational Studies
- 2022
-
In: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 56:5, s. 3214-3224
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The pharmacokinetic characteristics of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) affect their distribution and bioaccumulation in biological systems. The enterohepatic circulation leads to reabsorption of certain chemicals from bile back into blood and the liver and thus influences their elimination, yet its influence on PFAS bioaccumulation remains unclear. We explored the role of enterohepatic circulation in PFAS bioaccumulation by examining tissue distribution of various PFAS in wild fish and a rat model. Computational models were used to determine the reabsorbed fractions of PFAS by calculating binding affinities of PFAS for key transporter proteins of enterohepatic circulation. The results indicated that higher concentrations were observed in blood, the liver, and bile compared to other tissues for some PFAS in fish. Furthermore, exposure to a PFAS mixture on the rat model showed that the reabsorption phenomenon appeared during 8-12 h for most long-chain PFAS. Molecular docking calculations suggest that PFAS can bind to key transporter proteins via electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. Further regression analysis adds support to the hypothesis that binding affinity of the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter is the most important variable to predict the human half-lives of PFAS. This study demonstrated the critical role of enterohepatic circulation in reabsorption, distribution, and accumulation of PFAS.
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| 7. |
- Chen, Yanping, et al.
(author)
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PKU-20 : A new silicogermanate constructed from sti and asv layers
- 2016
-
In: Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 1387-1811 .- 1873-3093. ; 224, s. 384-391
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A new silicogermanate (PKU-20) was hydrothermally synthesized using triethylisopropylammonium cation as the structure directing agent in the presence of fluoride. Its structure was determined from a combination of synchrotron single crystal X-ray diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction data. PKU-20 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/m, with the lattice parameters of a = 18.5901(6) angstrom, b = 13.9118 (4) angstrom, c = 22.2614(7) angstrom and beta = 100.1514 (12)degrees. The framework of PKU-20 is constructed from an alternate stacking of sti and asv layers. The sti layer is exactly the same as that in the STI framework, while the asv layer is a new layer sliced off from the ASV framework parallel to the (112) plane. The takeout scheme of the layer is discussed on the basis of a composite building unit D4R-/au-D4R. PKU-20 possesses a two-dimensional channel system, where the 10-ring channels parallel to the [010] direction are intercrossed by 12-ring pockets along the [101] direction.
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| 8. |
- Hu, Ji-Chong, et al.
(author)
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Oxidation behavior of Ni-based superalloy GH4738 under tensile stress
- 2024
-
In: Rare Metals. - : NONFERROUS METALS SOC CHINA. - 1001-0521 .- 1867-7185.
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Revealing the oxidation behavior of superalloys is crucial for optimizing material properties and extending service life. This study investigated the oxidation behavior of superalloy GH4738 under stress states at 850 degrees C. High-throughput specimens were fabricated to withstand different stresses at the same time. Isothermal oxidation samples were analyzed using the mass gain method to obtain oxidation kinetic curves. The results show that the external stress below 200 MPa could improve the oxidation resistance of the GH4738. With tensile stress increasing, the oxide layer becomes thinner, denser and more complete, while internal oxidation decreases. The tensile stress alters the structure of the external oxide layer from a two-layer to a three-layer configuration. The Cr2O3 oxide layer inhibits the outward diffusion of Ti, leading to Ti enrichment at the oxide-matrix interface and altering the oxidation mechanism of GH4738.
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| 9. |
- Huang, Shiliang, et al.
(author)
-
SU-79 : a novel germanate with 3D 10-and 11-ring channels templated by a square-planar nickel complex
- 2014
-
In: Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2052-1545 .- 2052-1553. ; 1:3, s. 278-283
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An open-framework germanate denoted as SU-79 with the chemical formula [Ge12.5O26(OH)(2)]-[Ni(C3N2H10)(2)](1.1)(NH4)(0.8)(C3N2H12)(0.5)(C3N2H10)(1.5)(H2O)(2) has been synthesized under hydro/solvothermal conditions using [Ni(1,2-pda)(2)](2+) (1,2-pda = 1,2-diaminopropane) and 1,2-pda as templates. Owing to the complicated pseudo-merohedral twinning in the crystals, the rotation electron diffraction (RED) method was used for the unit cell and space group determination. The structure of SU-79 was solved and refined based on synchrotron single crystal X-ray diffraction data. SU-79 exhibits a 3D open germanate framework built with Ge-13 clusters, consisting of a 3D channel system with interconnected 10- and 11-ring channels. Interestingly, helical GeO4 tetrahedral chains with left-handed/right-handed chirality were found in the structure. The [Ni(1,2-pda)(2)](2+) complexes, adopting in a square-planar geometry, show a structure directing role on the SU-79 framework via hydrogen bonds. Comparing with its related structure, SU-67, the formation of the pseudo-merohedric twinning in SU-79 was also discussed.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Li, Pei-Zhou, et al.
(author)
-
A highly porous metal-organic framework for large organic molecule capture and chromatographic separation
- 2017
-
In: Chemical Communications. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1359-7345 .- 1364-548X. ; 53:24, s. 3434-3437
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A highly porous metal-organic framework (MOF) with large pores was successfully obtained via solvothermal assembly of a ''click''-extended tricarboxylate ligand and Zn(II) ions. The inherent feature of large-molecule accessible pores endows the MOF with a unique property for utilization toward large guest molecules.
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| 12. |
- Li, Zheng, et al.
(author)
-
A Review of Spatter in Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing: In Situ Detection, Generation, Effects, and Countermeasures
- 2022
-
In: Micromachines. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-666X. ; 13:8
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Spatter is an inherent, unpreventable, and undesired phenomenon in laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing. Spatter behavior has an intrinsic correlation with the forming quality in L-PBF because it leads to metallurgical defects and the degradation of mechanical properties. This impact becomes more severe in the fabrication of large-sized parts during the multi-laser L-PBF process. Therefore, investigations of spatter generation and countermeasures have become more urgent. Although much research has provided insights into the melt pool, microstructure, and mechanical property, reviews of spatter in L-PBF are still limited. This work reviews the literature on the in situ detection, generation, effects, and countermeasures of spatter in L-PBF. It is expected to pave the way towards a novel generation of highly efficient and intelligent L-PBF systems.
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| 13. |
- Liang, Jie, et al.
(author)
-
A 3D 12-Ring Zeolite with Ordered 4-Ring Vacancies Occupied by (H2O)(2) Dimers
- 2014
-
In: Chemistry - A European Journal. - : Wiley. - 0947-6539 .- 1521-3765. ; 20:49, s. 16097-16101
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A germanate zeolite, PKU-14, with a three- dimensional large-pore channel system was structurally characterized by a combination of high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction, rotation electron diffraction, NMR, and IR spectroscopy. Ordered Ge4O4 vacancies inside the [4(6).6(12)] cages has been found in PKU-14, in which a unique (H2O)(2) dimer was located at the vacancies and played a structure-directing role. It is the first time that water clusters are found to be templates for ordered framework vacancies.
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| 14. |
- Liang, Jie, et al.
(author)
-
A Crystalline Mesoporous Germanate with 48-Ring Channels for CO2 Separation
- 2015
-
In: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : Wiley. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 54:25, s. 7290-7294
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- One of the challenges in materials science has been to prepare crystalline inorganic compounds with mesopores. Although several design strategies have been developed to address the challenge, expansion of pore sizes in inorganic materials is more difficult compared to that for metal-organic frameworks. Herein, we designed a novel mesoporous germanate PKU-17 with 3D 48 x 16 x 16-ring channels by introducing two large building units (Ge-10 and Ge-7 clusters) into the same framework. The key for this design strategy is the selection of 2-propanolamine (MIPA), which serves as the terminal species to promote the crystallization of Ge-7 clusters. Moreover, it is responsible for the coexistence of Ge-10 and Ge-7 clusters. To our knowledge, the discovery of PKU-17 sets a new record in pore sizes among germanates. It is also the first germanate that exhibits a good selectivity toward CO2 over N-2 and CH4.
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| 15. |
- Liang, Jie, et al.
(author)
-
A multi-dimensional quasi-zeolite with 12 x 10 x 7-ring channels demonstrates high thermal stability and good gas adsorption selectivity
- 2016
-
In: Chemical Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2041-6520 .- 2041-6539. ; 7:5, s. 3025-3030
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A novel quasi-zeolite PKU-15, with a rare 3-dimensional structure containing interconnected large (12-ring), medium (10-ring) and small (7-ring) multi-pore channels, was hydrothermally synthesised and characterised. A unique tri-bridging O2- anion is found to be encapsulated in the cage-like (Ge,Si)(12)O-31 building unit and energetically stabilises the PKU-15 framework. The removal of this oxygen atom would convert PKU-15 into a hypothetical zeolite PKU-15H. Thus, PKU-15 can be considered as a unique 'quasi-zeolite', which bridges porous germanates and zeolites. Owing to the absence of terminal Ge-OH groups in its structure, PKU-15 shows a remarkably high thermal stability of up to 600 degrees C. PKU-15 is also the first microporous germanate that exhibits permanent porosity, with a BET area of 428 m(2) g(-1) and a good adsorption affinity toward CO2.
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| 16. |
- Liang, Jie, et al.
(author)
-
CHA-type zeolites with high boron content : Synthesis, structure and selective adsorption properties
- 2014
-
In: Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 1387-1811 .- 1873-3093. ; 194, s. 97-105
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Borosilicate zeolites with CHA-type framework are synthesized hydrothermally by using N,N,N-trimethylcyclohexylammonium hydroxide as structure directing agent. The use of this cation induces an increase of boron content in the CHA-type zeolites, and the Si/B ratios of the as-synthesized samples is in the range of 11.8-6.9. Rietveld refinements of the calcinated samples reveal a contraction of unit cells with the increase of boron content, and the 8-ring opening window of cha cavity becomes narrower. B-11 MAS NMR shows that all the boron atoms are incorporated into the framework as tetrahedral BO4 units in the as-synthesized samples. The thermal stability of these CHA-type borosilicates decreases with the increase of boron content, and the framework can retain up to 800 degrees C. These borosilicates, with the BET surfaces of 583-632 m(2)/g, show a high adsorption capacity for H-2 at 77 K, 900 mmHg and a preferential adsorption for CO2 at 273 K. This selective adsorption property enables CHA-type borosilicates to be potential materials as CO2 adsorbent.
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| 17. |
- Liang, Jie, et al.
(author)
-
PKU-21 : A Novel Layered Germanate Built from Ge-7 and Ge-10 Clusters for CO2 Separation
- 2017
-
In: Chemistry - A European Journal. - : Wiley. - 0947-6539 .- 1521-3765. ; 23:71, s. 17879-17884
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The attractive properties of layered inorganic materials, which make them suitable for numerous applications in chemical industries and life sciences, originated from their crystalline framework structures. Here, we report a new layered germanate PKU-21, which was prepared by the hydrothermal synthesis method using 2-propanolamine (MIPA) as the structure-directing agent. The structure of PKU-21 was determined from synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction and synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data. It reveals a complicated framework structure containing 18 unique Ge atoms in the asymmetric unit. PKU-21 is the first layered germanate built from both Ge-7 and Ge-10 clusters, following the 3-dimensional germanate PKU-17. The preparation and structure of PKU-21 are discussed in comparison with PKU-17, which provides new insight into the formation mechanism of germanates. Gas sorption experiments indicate that the layered PKU-21 sample exhibits a better CO2 sorption selectivity over N-2 and CH4 at 298K than at 273K, making it a promising candidate for CO2 separation.
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| 18. |
- Liang, Jie, et al.
(author)
-
Syntheses, structure solutions, and catalytic performance of two novel layered silicates
- 2015
-
In: Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-9226 .- 1477-9234. ; 44:35, s. 15567-15575
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Two novel layered silicates, PKU-13 and PKU-13a, were hydrothermally synthesized by using trimethyl-propylammonium hydroxide as the structure directing agent (SDA). Their structures were solved by using powder X-ray diffraction data in combination with electron diffraction technique and NMR spectroscopy. These two silicates are built from the same r52 layer in different stacking modes: the adjacent r52 layers in PKU-13a have a 0.5b + 0.68c shift compared with those in PKU-13. The difference is due to the SDA cations located between the layers. The SDA cations exist as a monolayer in the structure of PKU-13, and link the adjacent layers by Coulomb actions in combination with strong hydrogen bonds. In PKU-13a, the SDA cations present in the bi-layer expend the distance between layers and destroy the inter-layer hydrogen bonds. PKU-13a can transform to PKU-13 after treatment with acetic acid solution. The co-existence of intra-layer hydrogen bonds in PKU-13 interfere in its condensation to an ordered crystalline microporous framework. Both PKU-13 and PKU-13a exhibit good catalytic activities as base catalysts in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction.
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| 19. |
- Su, Jie, et al.
(author)
-
A silicogermanate with 20 ring channels directed by a simple quaternary ammonium cation
- 2013
-
In: Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-9226 .- 1477-9234. ; 42:5, s. 1360-1363
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A silicogermanate, PKU-12, with the -CLO type of zeolite framework was hydrothermally synthesized under fluoride media using diisopropylethylmethylammonium as a structure directing agent. The formation of the silicogermanate zeolite with 20-ring channels has not only extended the -CLO family from phosphates into silicogermanates, but also demonstrated its structural diversity.
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| 20. |
- Turcot, Valerie, et al.
(author)
-
Protein-altering variants associated with body mass index implicate pathways that control energy intake and expenditure in obesity
- 2018
-
In: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 50:1, s. 26-41
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >250 loci for body mass index (BMI), implicating pathways related to neuronal biology. Most GWAS loci represent clusters of common, noncoding variants from which pinpointing causal genes remains challenging. Here we combined data from 718,734 individuals to discover rare and low-frequency (minor allele frequency (MAF) < 5%) coding variants associated with BMI. We identified 14 coding variants in 13 genes, of which 8 variants were in genes (ZBTB7B, ACHE, RAPGEF3, RAB21, ZFHX3, ENTPD6, ZFR2 and ZNF169) newly implicated in human obesity, 2 variants were in genes (MC4R and KSR2) previously observed to be mutated in extreme obesity and 2 variants were in GIPR. The effect sizes of rare variants are similar to 10 times larger than those of common variants, with the largest effect observed in carriers of an MC4R mutation introducing a stop codon (p.Tyr35Ter, MAF = 0.01%), who weighed similar to 7 kg more than non-carriers. Pathway analyses based on the variants associated with BMI confirm enrichment of neuronal genes and provide new evidence for adipocyte and energy expenditure biology, widening the potential of genetically supported therapeutic targets in obesity.
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| 21. |
- Wang, Shi Zhi, et al.
(author)
-
Historic dog Furs Unravel the Origin and Artificial Selection of Modern Nordic Lapphund and Elkhound dog Breeds
- 2024
-
In: Molecular biology and evolution. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0737-4038 .- 1537-1719. ; 41:7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The origins and extreme morphological evolution of the modern dog breeds are poorly studied because the founder populations are extinct. Here, we analyse eight 100 to 200 years old dog fur samples obtained from traditional North Swedish clothing, to explore the origin and artificial selection of the modern Nordic Lapphund and Elkhound dog breeds. Population genomic analysis confirmed the Lapphund and Elkhound breeds to originate from the local dog population, and showed a distinct decrease in genetic diversity in agreement with intense breeding. We identified eleven genes under positive selection during the breed development. In particular, the MSRB3 gene, associated with breed-related ear morphology, was selected in all Lapphund and Elkhound breeds, and functional assays showed that a SNP mutation in the 3′UTR region suppresses its expression through miRNA regulation. Our findings demonstrate analysis of near-modern dog artifacts as an effective tool for interpreting the origin and artificial selection of the modern dog breeds.
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| 22. |
- Wheeler, Eleanor, et al.
(author)
-
Impact of common genetic determinants of Hemoglobin A1c on type 2 diabetes risk and diagnosis in ancestrally diverse populations : A transethnic genome-wide meta-analysis
- 2017
-
In: PLoS Medicine. - : PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. - 1549-1277 .- 1549-1676. ; 14:9
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is used to diagnose type 2 diabetes (T2D) and assess glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 18 HbA1c-associated genetic variants. These variants proved to be classifiable by their likely biological action as erythrocytic (also associated with erythrocyte traits) or glycemic (associated with other glucose-related traits). In this study, we tested the hypotheses that, in a very large scale GWAS, we would identify more genetic variants associated with HbA1c and that HbA1c variants implicated in erythrocytic biology would affect the diagnostic accuracy of HbA1c. We therefore expanded the number of HbA1c-associated loci and tested the effect of genetic risk-scores comprised of erythrocytic or glycemic variants on incident diabetes prediction and on prevalent diabetes screening performance. Throughout this multiancestry study, we kept a focus on interancestry differences in HbA1c genetics performance that might influence race-ancestry differences in health outcomes.Methods & findings: Using genome-wide association meta-analyses in up to 159,940 individuals from 82 cohorts of European, African, East Asian, and South Asian ancestry, we identified 60 common genetic variants associated with HbA1c. We classified variants as implicated in glycemic, erythrocytic, or unclassified biology and tested whether additive genetic scores of erythrocytic variants (GS-E) or glycemic variants (GS-G) were associated with higher T2D incidence in multiethnic longitudinal cohorts (N = 33,241). Nineteen glycemic and 22 erythrocytic variants were associated with HbA1c at genome-wide significance. GS-G was associated with higher T2D risk (incidence OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.06, per HbA1c-raising allele, p = 3 x 10-29); whereas GS-E was not (OR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.99-1.01, p = 0.60). In Europeans and Asians, erythrocytic variants in aggregate had only modest effects on the diagnostic accuracy of HbA1c. Yet, in African Americans, the X-linked G6PD G202A variant (T-allele frequency 11%) was associated with an absolute decrease in HbA1c of 0.81%-units (95% CI 0.66-0.96) per allele in hemizygous men, and 0.68%-units (95% CI 0.38-0.97) in homozygous women. The G6PD variant may cause approximately 2% (N = 0.65 million, 95% CI0.55-0.74) of African American adults with T2Dto remain undiagnosed when screened with HbA1c. Limitations include the smaller sample sizes for non-European ancestries and the inability to classify approximately one-third of the variants. Further studies in large multiethnic cohorts with HbA1c, glycemic, and erythrocytic traits are required to better determine the biological action of the unclassified variants.Conclusions: As G6PD deficiency can be clinically silent until illness strikes, we recommend investigation of the possible benefits of screening for the G6PD genotype along with using HbA1c to diagnose T2D in populations of African ancestry or groups where G6PD deficiency is common. Screening with direct glucose measurements, or genetically-informed HbA1c diagnostic thresholds in people with G6PD deficiency, may be required to avoid missed or delayed diagnoses.
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| 23. |
- Zeng, Changfeng, et al.
(author)
-
Synthesis of ZIF-8/PVA microspheres with the assistance of a microfluidic device and their controlled drug release properties
- 2024
-
In: Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 1387-1811 .- 1873-3093. ; 376
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ZIF-8/PVA microspheres with an even size were synthesized with the assistance of a simple microfluidic device. The ZIF-8/PVA microdroplets were first generated in a simple co-flow microfluidic device using a PVA aqueous solution dispersed with ZIF-8 nanoparticles as the dispersed phase and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) as the continuous phase. Subsequently, the ZIF-8/PVA microdroplets were further extracted to form ZIF-8/PVA microspheres. The influence of the type of continuous phase on the sphericity of microspheres was investigated and the effect of ZIF-8 content was studied. Further studies showed that decreasing the extraction rate and using additives of NaCl in the dispersed phase could improve the sphericity of the ZIF-8/PVA microspheres. Finally, the synthesized ZIF-8/PVA microspheres were used to study the loading and release of tetracycline. The results showed that the loading of ZIF-8/PVA microspheres was more than 5 times higher than that of pure PVA microspheres. The drug release time of ZIF-8/PVA microspheres was much longer than that of the PVA microspheres and the release rate was significantly affected by the pH of the environment.
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| 24. |
- Badr, Hussein O., et al.
(author)
-
Bottom-up, scalable synthesis of anatase nanofilament-based two-dimensional titanium carbo-oxide flakes
- 2022
-
In: Materials Today. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 1369-7021 .- 1873-4103. ; 54
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer advantages that their 3D counterparts do not. The conventional method for the bulk synthesis of 2D materials has predominantly been through etching layered solids. Herein, we convert - through a bottom-up approach - 10 binary and ternary titanium carbides, nitrides, borides, phosphides, and silicides into 2D flakes by immersing them in a tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution at temperatures in the 25-85 degrees C range. Based on X-ray diffraction, density functional theory, X-ray photoelectron, electron energy loss, Raman, X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopies, transmission and scanning electron microscope images and selected area diffraction, we conclude that the resulting flakes are carbon containing anatase-based layers that are, in turn, comprised of approximate to 6 x 10 angstrom(2) nanofilaments in cross-section some of which are few microns long. Electrodes made from some of these films performed well in lithium-ion and lithium-sulphur systems. These materials also reduce the viability of cancer cells thus showing potential in biomedical applications. Synthesizing 2D materials, at near ambient conditions, with non-layered, inexpensive, green precursors (e.g., TiC) is paradigm shifting and will undoubtedly open new and exciting avenues of research and applications.
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| 25. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(author)
-
A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
-
In: eLIFE. - 2050-084X. ; 5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.522.7) and 16.5 cm (13.319.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 26. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(author)
-
A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
-
In: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 27. |
- Cao, Lingyun, et al.
(author)
-
Self-Supporting Metal–Organic Layers as Single-Site Solid Catalysts
- 2016
-
In: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : Wiley. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 55:16, s. 4962-4966
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Metal–organic layers (MOLs) represent an emerging class of tunable and functionalizable two-dimensional materials. In this work, the scalable solvothermal synthesis of self-supporting MOLs composed of [Hf6O4(OH)4(HCO2)6] secondary building units (SBUs) and benzene-1,3,5-tribenzoate (BTB) bridging ligands is reported. The MOL structures were directly imaged by TEM and AFM, and doped with 4′-(4-benzoate)-(2,2′,2′′-terpyridine)-5,5′′-dicarboxylate (TPY) before being coordinated with iron centers to afford highly active and reusable single-site solid catalysts for the hydrosilylation of terminal olefins. MOL-based heterogeneous catalysts are free from the diffusional constraints placed on all known porous solid catalysts, including metal–organic frameworks. This work uncovers an entirely new strategy for designing single-site solid catalysts and opens the door to a new class of two-dimensional coordination materials with molecular functionalities.
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| 28. |
- Chen, Xiaomei, et al.
(author)
-
Influence of peptide transporter 2 (PEPT2) on the distribution of cefadroxil in mouse brain : A microdialysis study
- 2017
-
In: Biochemical Pharmacology. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0006-2952 .- 1356-1839. ; 131, s. 89-97
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Peptide transporter 2 (PEPT2) is a high-affinity low-capacity transporter belonging to the proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter family. Although many aspects of PEPT2 structure-function are known, including its localization in choroid plexus and neurons, its regional activity in brain, especially extracellular fluid (ECF), is uncertain. In this study, the pharmacokinetics and regional brain distribution of cefadroxil, a beta-lactam antibiotic and PEN 2 substrate, were investigated in wildtype and Pept2 null mice using in vivo intracerebral microdialysis. Cefadroxil was infused intravenously over 4 h at 0.15 mg/min/kg, and samples obtained from plasma, brain ECF, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain tissue. A permeability surface area experiment was also performed in which 0.15 mg/min/kg cefadroxil was infused intravenously for 10 min, and samples obtained from plasma and brain tissues. Our results showed that PEPT2 ablation significantly increased the brain ECF and CSF levels of cefadroxil (2- to 2.5-fold). In contrast, there were no significant differences between wildtype and Pept2 null mice in the amount of cefadroxil in brain cells. The unbound volume of distribution of cefadroxil in brain was 60% lower in Pept2 null mice indicating an uptake function for PEPT2 in brain cells. Finally, PEPT2 did not affect the influx clearance of cefadroxil, thereby, ruling out differences between the two genotypes in drug entry across the blood-brain barriers. These findings demonstrate, for the first time, the impact of PEPT2 on brain ECF as well as the known role of PEPT2 in removing peptide-like drugs, such as cefadroxil, from the CSF to blood.
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| 29. |
- Chen, Zhibin, et al.
(author)
-
Summary of the 3rd International Workshop on Gas-Dynamic Trap based Fusion Neutron Source (GDT-FNS)
- 2022
-
In: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 62:6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The 3rd International Workshop on Gas-Dynamic Trap-based Fusion Neutron Source (GDT-FNS) was held through the hybrid mode on 13-14 September 2021 in Hefei, China, jointly organized by the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (HFIPS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP), Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS). It followed the 1st GDT-FNS Workshop held in November 2018 in Hefei, China, and the 2nd taking place in November 2019 in Novosibirsk, Russian Federation. With the financial support from CAS and China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), this workshop was attended by more than 80 participants representing 20 institutes and universities from seven countries, with oral presentations broadcast via the Zoom conferencing system. Twenty-two presentations were made with topics covering design and key technologies, simulation and experiments, steady-state operation, status of the ALIANCE project, multi applications of neutron sources, and other concepts (Tokamaks, Mirrors, FRC, Plasma Focus, etc). The workshop consensus was made including the establishment of the ALIANCE International Working Group. The next GDT-FNS workshop is planned to be held in May 2022 in Novosibirsk.
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| 30. |
- de las Fuentes, Lisa, et al.
(author)
-
Gene-educational attainment interactions in a multi-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis identify novel blood pressure loci
- 2021
-
In: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Nature. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 26:6, s. 2111-2125
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Educational attainment is widely used as a surrogate for socioeconomic status (SES). Low SES is a risk factor for hypertension and high blood pressure (BP). To identify novel BP loci, we performed multi-ancestry meta-analyses accounting for gene-educational attainment interactions using two variables, “Some College” (yes/no) and “Graduated College” (yes/no). Interactions were evaluated using both a 1 degree of freedom (DF) interaction term and a 2DF joint test of genetic and interaction effects. Analyses were performed for systolic BP, diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure. We pursued genome-wide interrogation in Stage 1 studies (N = 117 438) and follow-up on promising variants in Stage 2 studies (N = 293 787) in five ancestry groups. Through combined meta-analyses of Stages 1 and 2, we identified 84 known and 18 novel BP loci at genome-wide significance level (P < 5 × 10-8). Two novel loci were identified based on the 1DF test of interaction with educational attainment, while the remaining 16 loci were identified through the 2DF joint test of genetic and interaction effects. Ten novel loci were identified in individuals of African ancestry. Several novel loci show strong biological plausibility since they involve physiologic systems implicated in BP regulation. They include genes involved in the central nervous system-adrenal signaling axis (ZDHHC17, CADPS, PIK3C2G), vascular structure and function (GNB3, CDON), and renal function (HAS2 and HAS2-AS1, SLIT3). Collectively, these findings suggest a role of educational attainment or SES in further dissection of the genetic architecture of BP.
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| 31. |
- de Vries, Paul S., et al.
(author)
-
Multiancestry Genome-Wide Association Study of Lipid Levels Incorporating Gene-Alcohol Interactions
- 2019
-
In: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 188:6, s. 1033-1054
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A person's lipid profile is influenced by genetic variants and alcohol consumption, but the contribution of interactions between these exposures has not been studied. We therefore incorporated gene-alcohol interactions into a multiancestry genome-wide association study of levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. We included 45 studies in stage 1 (genome-wide discovery) and 66 studies in stage 2 (focused follow-up), for a total of 394,584 individuals from 5 ancestry groups. Analyses covered the period July 2014-November 2017. Genetic main effects and interaction effects were jointly assessed by means of a 2-degrees-of-freedom (df) test, and a 1-df test was used to assess the interaction effects alone. Variants at 495 loci were at least suggestively associated (P < 1 x 10(-6)) with lipid levels in stage 1 and were evaluated in stage 2, followed by combined analyses of stage 1 and stage 2. In the combined analysis of stages 1 and 2, a total of 147 independent loci were associated with lipid levels at P < 5 x 10(-8) using 2-df tests, of which 18 were novel. No genome-wide-significant associations were found testing the interaction effect alone. The novel loci included several genes (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 (PCSK5), vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB), and apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide 1 (APOBEC1) complementation factor (A1CF)) that have a putative role in lipid metabolism on the basis of existing evidence from cellular and experimental models.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Dong, Yu, et al.
(author)
-
Observation of a Ubiquitous (π, π)-Type Nematic Superconducting Order in the Whole Superconducting Dome of Ultra-Thin BaFe2–xNixAs2 Single Crystals
- 2021
-
In: Chinese Physics Letters. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0256-307X .- 1741-3540. ; 38:9
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In iron-based superconductors, the (0, pi) or (pi, 0) nematicity, which describes an electronic anisotropy with a four-fold symmetry breaking, is well established and believed to be important for understanding the superconducting mechanism. However, how exactly such a nematic order observed in the normal state can be related to the superconducting pairing is still elusive. Here, by performing angular-dependent in-plane magnetoresistivity using ultra-thin flakes in the steep superconducting transition region, we unveil a nematic superconducting order along the (pi, pi) direction in electron-doped BaFe2 - x Ni x As2 from under-doped to heavily overdoped regimes with x = 0.065-0.18. It shows superconducting gap maxima along the (pi, pi) direction rotated by 45 degrees from the nematicity along (0, pi) or (pi, 0) direction observed in the normal state. A similar (pi, pi)-type nematicity is also observed in the under-doped and optimally doped hole-type Ba1 - y K y Fe2As2, with y = 0.2-0.5. These results suggest that the (pi, pi) nematic superconducting order is a universal feature that needs to be taken into account in the superconducting pairing mechanism in iron-based superconductors.
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| 34. |
- Du, Shixiong, et al.
(author)
-
Evaluating the potential benefits of float solar photovoltaics through the water footprint recovery period
- 2024
-
In: Journal of Cleaner Production. - 0959-6526. ; 446
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the context of higher demands on the development of clean energy technologies due to the issue of water shortage in China and the implementation of the 2060 carbon-neutral objective, floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems present novel opportunities for transforming the energy structure through land conservation and enhancement of power generation efficiency compared to conventional solar systems. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive analysis on the potential benefits of FPV. Utilizing reservoir databases and employing a professional FPV system design, a methodology for determining the water footprint recovery period was introduced, which enables the assessment of potential FPV benefits. The water footprint recovery period for constructing FPV on 909 reservoirs in China was found that ranges from 1.86 yr to 10.48 yr. It is found that reservoir evaporation, latitude, and climate are closely related to the water footprint recovery period of FPV. Furthermore, by implementing FPV panels with an optimal tilt angle, covering 30% of the area in each reservoir, the annual electricity generation can amount to 1429.19 TWh, leading to savings of 5.76 billion m3 of water. This achievement corresponds to 19.41% of the national electricity consumption and a 6.86% reduction in the national residential water consumption in 2020. The overall economic benefit is 5.61 myriads RMB, equivalent to 5.76% of the national GDP. These benefits are unevenly distributed and mainly concentrated in areas with more reservoirs. The anticipated enhancement of FPV system benefits is foreseen with the ongoing development and implementation of future reservoir power infrastructure and energy storage technology. These results demonstrate the significant potential of installing FPV systems on the reservoirs in China. This study proposes a method to comprehensively evaluate the comprehensive benefits of constructing FPV in China and conduct a thorough analysis of the feasibility of FPV, which could provide reference for the development of regional industries and the achievement of sustainable development goals (SDGs).
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| 35. |
- Duan, Ming-Rui, et al.
(author)
-
DNA binding mechanism revealed by high resolution crystal structure of Arabidopsis thaliana WRKY1 protein
- 2007
-
In: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1362-4962 .- 0305-1048. ; 35:4, s. 54-1145
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- WRKY proteins, defined by the conserved WRKYGQK sequence, are comprised of a large superfamily of transcription factors identified specifically from the plant kingdom. This superfamily plays important roles in plant disease resistance, abiotic stress, senescence as well as in some developmental processes. In this study, the Arabidopsis WRKY1 was shown to be involved in the salicylic acid signaling pathway and partially dependent on NPR1; a C-terminal domain of WRKY1, AtWRKY1-C, was constructed for structural studies. Previous investigations showed that DNA binding of the WRKY proteins was localized at the WRKY domains and these domains may define novel zinc-binding motifs. The crystal structure of the AtWRKY1-C determined at 1.6 A resolution has revealed that this domain is composed of a globular structure with five beta strands, forming an antiparallel beta-sheet. A novel zinc-binding site is situated at one end of the beta-sheet, between strands beta4 and beta5. Based on this high-resolution crystal structure and site-directed mutagenesis, we have defined and confirmed that the DNA-binding residues of AtWRKY1-C are located at beta2 and beta3 strands. These results provided us with structural information to understand the mechanism of transcriptional control and signal transduction events of the WRKY proteins.
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| 36. |
- Evangelou, Evangelos, et al.
(author)
-
Genetic analysis of over 1 million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits.
- 2018
-
In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 50:10, s. 1412-1425
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- High blood pressure is a highly heritable and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We report the largest genetic association study of blood pressure traits (systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure) to date in over 1 million people of European ancestry. We identify 535 novel blood pressure loci that not only offer new biological insights into blood pressure regulation but also highlight shared genetic architecture between blood pressure and lifestyle exposures. Our findings identify new biological pathways for blood pressure regulation with potential for improved cardiovascular disease prevention in the future.
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| 37. |
- Fan, Qunping, et al.
(author)
-
Unidirectional Sidechain Engineering to Construct Dual-Asymmetric Acceptors for 19.23 % Efficiency Organic Solar Cells with Low Energy Loss and Efficient Charge Transfer
- 2023
-
In: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 62:36
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Achieving both high open-circuit voltage (V-oc) and short-circuit current density (J(sc)) to boost power-conversion efficiency (PCE) is a major challenge for organic solar cells (OSCs), wherein high energy loss (E-loss) and inefficient charge transfer usually take place. Here, three new Y-series acceptors of mono-asymmetric asy-YC11 and dual-asymmetric bi-asy-YC9 and bi-asy-YC12 are developed. They share the same asymmetric D(1)AD(2) (D-1=thieno[3,2-b]thiophene and D-2=selenopheno[3,2-b]thiophene) fused-core but have different unidirectional sidechain on D-1 side, allowing fine-tuned molecular properties, such as intermolecular interaction, packing pattern, and crystallinity. Among the binary blends, the PM6 : bi-asy-YC12 one has better morphology with appropriate phase separation and higher order packing than the PM6 : asy-YC9 and PM6 : bi-asy-YC11 ones. Therefore, the PM6 : bi-asy-YC12-based OSCs offer a higher PCE of 17.16 % with both high V-oc and J(sc), due to the reduced E-loss and efficient charge transfer properties. Inspired by the high V-oc and strong NIR-absorption, bi-asy-YC12 is introduced into efficient binary PM6 : L8-BO to construct ternary OSCs. Thanks to the broadened absorption, optimized morphology, and furtherly minimized E-loss, the PM6 : L8-BO : bi-asy-YC12-based OSCs achieve a champion PCE of 19.23 %, which is one of the highest efficiencies among these annealing-free devices. Our developed unidirectional sidechain engineering for constructing bi-asymmetric Y-series acceptors provides an approach to boost PCE of OSCs.
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| 38. |
- Gong, Jie, et al.
(author)
-
Bacterial cellulose assisted synthesis of hierarchical pompon-like SAPO-34 for CO2 adsorption
- 2022
-
In: Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. - : Elsevier. - 1387-1811 .- 1873-3093. ; 331
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the present work, a biosynthesis route for the preparation of hierarchical pompon-like SAPO-34 was developed. Commercially available bacterial cellulose aerogel was used as template. SiO2 loaded bacterial cellulose aerogel was used as silica source and a simple hydrothermal treatment was used for crystallization. XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, N2 adsorption-desorption and TG techniques were employed to characterize the obtained samples. The hierarchical pompon-like SAPO-34 showed a spherical morphology that was comprised of nanosheets with a thickness less than 30 nm. The specific surface area of the hierarchical pompon-like SAPO-34 was 498 m2/g that was higher than the trigonal SAPO-34 crystals of 465 m2/g. The ultrasonic treatment experiment indicated a high stability of the pompon-like structure. In addition, the hierarchical pompon-like SAPO-34 exhibited a CO2 adsorption capacity of 2.26 mmol/g at 100 kPa and 298K and the corresponding CO2/CH4 ideal separation factor was 5.7, which was higher than that of trigonal SAPO-34 crystals. The saturated adsorption capacity and b-value were estimated using single site Langmuir, Toth and Sips adsorption isotherm models and the observed results were constant. Compared with trigonal SAPO-34, hierarchical pompon-like SAPO-34 displayed a higher saturated adsorption capacity, but a lower b-value.
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| 39. |
- Guo, Huayan, et al.
(author)
-
Weighted Sum-Rate Maximization for Intelligent Reflecting Surface Enhanced Wireless Networks
- 2019
-
In: 2019 IEEE GLOBAL COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (GLOBECOM). - : IEEE. - 9781728109626
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is a promising solution to build a programmable wireless environment for future communication systems, in which the reflector elements steer the incident signal in fully customizable ways by passive beamforming. This work focuses on the downlink of an IRS-aided multiuser multiple-input single-output (MISO) system. A practical IRS assumption is considered, in which the incident signal can only be shifted with discrete phase levels. Then, the weighted sum-rate of all users is maximized by joint optimizing the active beamforming at the base-station (BS) and the passive beamforming at the IRS. This non-convex problem is firstly decomposed via Lagrangian dual transform, and then the active and passive beamforming can be optimized alternatingly. In addition, an efficient algorithm with closed-form solutions is proposed for the passive beamforming, which is applicable to both the discrete phase-shift IRS and the continuous phase-shift IRS. Simulation results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm as compared to different benchmark schemes.
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| 40. |
- Guo, Huayan, et al.
(author)
-
Weighted Sum-Rate Maximization for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Aided Wireless Networks
- 2020
-
In: IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 1536-1276 .- 1558-2248. ; 19:5, s. 3064-3076
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) is a promising solution to build a programmable wireless environment via steering the incident signal in fully customizable ways with reconfigurable passive elements. In this paper, we consider a RIS-aided multiuser multiple-input single-output (MISO) downlink communication system. Our objective is to maximize the weighted sum-rate (WSR) of all users by joint designing the beamforming at the access point (AP) and the phase vector of the RIS elements, while both the perfect channel state information (CSI) setup and the imperfect CSI setup are investigated. For perfect CSI setup, a low-complexity algorithm is proposed to obtain the stationary solution for the joint design problem by utilizing the fractional programming technique. Then, we resort to the stochastic successive convex approximation technique and extend the proposed algorithm to the scenario wherein the CSI is imperfect. The validity of the proposed methods is confirmed by numerical results. In particular, the proposed algorithm performs quite well when the channel uncertainty is smaller than 10%.
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| 41. |
- He, Mao Qiang, et al.
(author)
-
Phylogenomics, divergence times and notes of orders in Basidiomycota
- 2024
-
In: Fungal Diversity. - 1560-2745 .- 1878-9129. ; 126, s. 127-406
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Basidiomycota is one of the major phyla in the fungal tree of life. The outline of Basidiomycota provides essential taxonomic information for researchers and workers in mycology. In this study, we present a time-framed phylogenomic tree with 487 species of Basidiomycota from 127 families, 47 orders, 14 classes and four subphyla; we update the outline of Basidiomycota based on the phylogenomic relationships and the taxonomic studies since 2019; and we provide notes for each order and discuss the history, defining characteristics, evolution, justification of orders, problems, significance, and plates. Our phylogenomic analysis suggests that the subphyla diverged in a time range of 443–490 Myr (million years), classes in a time range of 312–412 Myr, and orders in a time range of 102–361 Myr. Families diverged in a time range of 50–289 Myr, 76–224 Myr, and 62–156 Myr in Agaricomycotina, Pucciniomycotina, and Ustilaginomycotina, respectively. Based on the phylogenomic relationships and divergence times, we propose a new suborder Mycenineae in Agaricales to accommodate Mycenaceae. In the current outline of Basidiomycota, there are four subphyla, 20 classes, 77 orders, 297 families, and 2134 genera accepted. When building a robust taxonomy of Basidiomycota in the genomic era, the generation of molecular phylogenetic data has become relatively easier. Finding phenotypical characters, especially those that can be applied for identification and classification, however, has become increasingly challenging.
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| 42. |
- He, Yibo, et al.
(author)
-
A subset of antibodies targeting citrullinated proteins confers protection from rheumatoid arthritis.
- 2023
-
In: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although elevated levels of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) are a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the in vivo functions of these antibodies remain unclear. Here, we have expressed monoclonal ACPAs derived from patients with RA, and analyzed their functions in mice, as well as their specificities. None of the ACPAs showed arthritogenicity nor induced pain-associated behavior in mice. However, one of the antibodies, clone E4, protected mice from antibody-induced arthritis. E4 showed a binding pattern restricted to skin, macrophages and dendritic cells in lymphoid tissue, and cartilage derived from mouse and human arthritic joints. Proteomic analysis confirmed that E4 strongly binds to macrophages and certainRA synovial fluid proteins such as α-enolase. The protective effect of E4 was epitope-specific and dependent on the interaction between E4-citrullinated α-enolase immune complexes with FCGR2B on macrophages, resulting in increased IL-10 secretion and reduced osteoclastogenesis. These findings suggest that a subset of ACPAs have therapeutic potential in RA.
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| 43. |
- Jarfors, Anders E.W. 1963-, et al.
(author)
-
Recent advances in commercial application of the rheometal process in China and Europe
- 2019
-
In: Semi-Solid of Alloys and Composites. - : Trans Tech Publications. - 9783035713732 - 9783035733730 ; , s. 405-410
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent advances in rheocasting have resulted in significant expansion in the types of products currently in full commercial production. The current paper gives an overview of components in production in Europe and in China produced using the RheoMetal™ process, that has taken the lead in a strong drive towards new heavy-duty applications made from aluminium alloys. In China, the dominating applications are found in the telecom industry. The trend in Europe is more towards marine and automotive applications commonly in fatigue loaded applications. The reason for the choice of rheocasting for complicated shape thin-walled electronics components with requirements is dominated by process yield and by the ability to improve thermal conductivity. The heavy-duty truck chassis thick walled components target weight reduction through design and to sustain fatigue load normally requiring forged components. Common in all applications are seen in production yield, reduced tool wear and reduction of die soldering.
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| 44. |
- Jiang, Liang, et al.
(author)
-
Formation of Spinel Phases in Oxidized BOF Slag under Different Cooling Conditions
- 2017
-
In: Steel Research International. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1611-3683 .- 1869-344X. ; 88:11
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To enhance utilization of wastes generated from steelmaking, a BOF slag sample from Ning Steel group in China is treated by oxidizing at 1500 °C for 30 min and then cooled by different methods. The treated samples are characterized, in combination with calculations using FactSage 6.4. XRD results show that iron oxides in BOF slag are converted largely by the oxidation to spinel phases, Fe3O4 and MgFe2O4, which also eliminates free CaO and MgO. EDS analyses show Fe element existing in di-calcium silicate and glass phase, which are Fe3+ ions formed by oxidation. An incorporation of Fe3+ ions into crystal structures has stabilized high temperature polymorph of C2S, β-C2S, and α’-C2S, in the treated slag samples. Fe3+ ions may also act as a network former to facilitate glass formation. This may make it possible for the glass and α’-C2S phase to complement each other, leading to a higher hydraulicity, while the BOF slag, after the spinel separation, is blended in cements. Some suggestions are proposed, based on the present and early studies, to enhance hydraulicity for the BOF slag, as well as grain sizes of spinel phases, which may result in economic and environmental benefits for steel and cement industries.
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| 45. |
- Juang, Yu-Pu, et al.
(author)
-
Synthesis, distribution analysis and mechanism studies of N-acyl glucosamine-bearing oleanolic saponins
- 2020
-
In: Bioorganic chemistry (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0045-2068. ; 99, s. 103835-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A series of N-acyl glucosamine-bearingtriterpenoidsaponins has been synthesized with cytotoxic activities evaluated against HL-60, PC-3, HCT-116, and CT-26 tumor cells. Saponins incorporated anoleanolic acid (OA) triterpenoidal core exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity. To study the influence of the lengths of acyl-carbon chain onN-position of glucosamine, cells were treated with28-propargylamides and then reacted with an azido-fluorogenic probe under CuAACclickreactions to visualize the intact distributions of these compounds by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry; it was found that cytotoxic-active compounds (30–32) located in the cytosol and inactivecompounds bearing longer carbon chains (33–35) were impenetrable across cell membranes.Our study demonstrated the defined lipophilic acyl-carbon chain length can precisely regulate thecytotoxic activityof saponins, which is useful for the future development of cytotoxic agents.Furthermore, using quantitative proteomics and immunolabeling,the mechanism ofcytotoxicity induced by the synthetic saponin after membrane penetration could be a result of activation of death receptor pathway and inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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| 46. |
- Justice, Anne E., et al.
(author)
-
Protein-coding variants implicate novel genes related to lipid homeostasis contributing to body-fat distribution
- 2019
-
In: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 51:3, s. 452-469
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Body-fat distribution is a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular health consequences. We analyzed the association of body-fat distribution, assessed by waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index, with 228,985 predicted coding and splice site variants available on exome arrays in up to 344,369 individuals from five major ancestries (discovery) and 132,177 European-ancestry individuals (validation). We identified 15 common (minor allele frequency, MAF >= 5%) and nine low-frequency or rare (MAF < 5%) coding novel variants. Pathway/gene set enrichment analyses identified lipid particle, adiponectin, abnormal white adipose tissue physiology and bone development and morphology as important contributors to fat distribution, while cross-trait associations highlight cardiometabolic traits. In functional follow-up analyses, specifically in Drosophila RNAi-knockdowns, we observed a significant increase in the total body triglyceride levels for two genes (DNAH10 and PLXND1). We implicate novel genes in fat distribution, stressing the importance of interrogating low-frequency and protein-coding variants.
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| 47. |
- Kanoni, Stavroula, et al.
(author)
-
Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis.
- 2022
-
In: Genome biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1474-760X .- 1465-6906 .- 1474-7596. ; 23:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Genetic variants within nearly 1000 loci are known to contribute to modulation of blood lipid levels. However, the biological pathways underlying these associations are frequently unknown, limiting understanding of these findings and hindering downstream translational efforts such as drug target discovery.To expand our understanding of the underlying biological pathways and mechanisms controlling blood lipid levels, we leverage a large multi-ancestry meta-analysis (N=1,654,960) of blood lipids to prioritize putative causal genes for 2286 lipid associations using six gene prediction approaches. Using phenome-wide association (PheWAS) scans, we identify relationships of genetically predicted lipid levels to other diseases and conditions. We confirm known pleiotropic associations with cardiovascular phenotypes and determine novel associations, notably with cholelithiasis risk. We perform sex-stratified GWAS meta-analysis of lipid levels and show that 3-5% of autosomal lipid-associated loci demonstrate sex-biased effects. Finally, we report 21 novel lipid loci identified on the X chromosome. Many of the sex-biased autosomal and X chromosome lipid loci show pleiotropic associations with sex hormones, emphasizing the role of hormone regulation in lipid metabolism.Taken together, our findings provide insights into the biological mechanisms through which associated variants lead to altered lipid levels and potentially cardiovascular disease risk.
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| 48. |
- Lee, Dung-Fang, et al.
(author)
-
Regulation of embryonic and induced pluripotency by aurora kinase-p53 signaling.
- 2012
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In: Cell Stem Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 1934-5909 .- 1875-9777. ; 11:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many signals must be integrated to maintain self-renewal and pluripotency in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and to enable induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) reprogramming. However, the exact molecular regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. To unravel the essential internal and external signals required for sustaining the ESC state, we conducted a short hairpin (sh) RNA screen of 104 ESC-associated phosphoregulators. Depletion of one such molecule, aurora kinase A (Aurka), resulted in compromised self-renewal and consequent differentiation. By integrating global gene expression and computational analyses, we discovered that loss of Aurka leads to upregulated p53 activity that triggers ESC differentiation. Specifically, Aurka regulates pluripotency through phosphorylation-mediated inhibition of p53-directed ectodermal and mesodermal gene expression. Phosphorylation of p53 not only impairs p53-induced ESC differentiation but also p53-mediated suppression of iPSC reprogramming. Our studies demonstrate an essential role for Aurka-p53 signaling in the regulation of self-renewal, differentiation, and somatic cell reprogramming.
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| 49. |
- Li, Cong, et al.
(author)
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Impacts of conservation and human development policy across stakeholders and scales
- 2015
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In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 112:24, s. 7396-7401
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ideally, both ecosystem service and human development policies should improve human well-being through the conservation of ecosystems that provide valuable services. However, program costs and benefits to multiple stakeholders, and how they change through time, are rarely carefully analyzed. We examine one of China's new ecosystem service protection and human development policies: the Relocation and Settlement Program of Southern Shaanxi Province (RSP), which pays households who opt voluntarily to resettle from mountainous areas. The RSP aims to reduce disaster risk, restore important ecosystem services, and improve human well-being. We use household surveys and biophysical data in an integrated economic cost-benefit analysis for multiple stakeholders. We project that the RSP will result in positive net benefits to the municipal government, and to cross-region and global beneficiaries over the long run along with environment improvement, including improved water quality, soil erosion control, and carbon sequestration. However, there are significant short-run relocation costs for local residents so that poor households may have difficulty participating because they lack the resources to pay the initial costs of relocation. Greater subsidies and subsequent supports after relocation are necessary to reduce the payback period of resettled households in the long run. Compensation from downstream beneficiaries for improved water and from carbon trades could be channeled into reducing relocation costs for the poor and sharing the burden of RSP implementation. The effectiveness of the RSP could also be greatly strengthened by early investment in developing human capital and environment-friendly jobs and establishing long-term mechanisms for securing program goals. These challenges and potential solutions pervade ecosystem service efforts globally.
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| 50. |
- Li, Jie, et al.
(author)
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Preparation of hundred-micron carbon spheres using solvent extraction in a simple microchannel device
- 2022
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In: Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. - : Elsevier. - 1387-1811 .- 1873-3093. ; 343
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Carbon microspheres with a uniform size of about 170 μm were prepared in a simple co-flow microfluidic device using solvent extraction method. An ethanol solution of colloidal silica and phenol formaldehyde (PF) resol was used as the dispersion phase, and a mixture of hexane and diisopropylamine was used as the continuous phase. The droplets of PF resol resin/silica were generated in the continuous phase. Colloidal silica assisted the formation of the spherical structure and worked as a pore generator. The continuous phase was also used as extractant and catalyst for PF resin/silica microspheres formation. Curing, drying, carbonization and leaching were used for the post-treatment of the PF resin/silica microspheres to obtain porous carbon microspheres. The carbon microspheres displayed a narrow size distribution and a high surface area of 679 m2/g coupled with adjustable mesopores and large mesopore volume. Carbon microspheres prepared from the dispersion phase with different PF/silica ratios (denoted as carbon/silica (C/Si) ratios) were studied and the formation mechanism of the PF/silica microspheres was deeply explored.
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