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| 4. |
- Glasbey, JC, et al.
(author)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Mishra, A, et al.
(author)
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Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents' growth and development
- 2023
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 615:7954, s. 874-883
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m–2 in the vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas, except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have amplified.
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| 8. |
- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(author)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 15. |
- Abolfathi, Bela, et al.
(author)
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The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey : First Spectroscopic Data from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the Second Phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment
- 2018
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In: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 0067-0049 .- 1538-4365. ; 235:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since 2014 July. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the 14th from SDSS overall (making this Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes the data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (2014-2016 July) public. Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey; the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data-driven machine-learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from the SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS web site (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020 and will be followed by SDSS-V.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Batista, P.D., et al.
(author)
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Acousto-electric single-photon detector
- 2007
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In: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 6583, s. 658304-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We propose a novel concept for a semiconductor-based single-photon detector for quantum information processing, which is capable of discriminating the number of photons in a light pulse. The detector exploits the charge transport by a surface acoustic wave (SAW) in order to combine a large photon absorption area (thus providing high photon collection efficiency) with a microscopic charge detection area, where the photo generated charge is detected with resolution at the single electron level using single electron transistors (SETs). We present preliminary results on acoustic transport measured in a prototype for the detector as well as on the fabrication of radio-frequency single-electron transistors (RFSETs) for charge detection. The photon detector is a particular example of acousto-electric nanocircuits that are expected to be able to control both the spatial and the spin degrees of freedom of single electrons. If realized, these circuits will contribute substantially to a scalable quantum information technology.
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| 19. |
- Bezerra, Nibia Souza, 1983-, et al.
(author)
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Interference Aware Resource Allocation with QoS Guarantees in OFDMA/SC-FDMA
- 2018
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In: Journal of Communication and Information Systems. - : Brazilian Telecommunications Society. - 1980-6604. ; 33:1, s. 124-128
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Efficient Radio Resource Allocation (RRA) is of utmost importance for achieving maximum capacity in mobile networks. However, the performance assessment should take into account the main constraints of these networks. This letter presents important enhancements to RRA algorithms proposed in [1]. Prior work [1] ignores some important system constraints such as the impact of inter-cell interference and granularity of frequency allocation blocks. Here we show the performance degradation when these system constraints are assumed on the algorithms in [1] as well as propose some improvements on these algorithms in order to achieve better performance.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Boström, Mathias, et al.
(author)
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Ion specific forces between charged self-assembled monolayersexplained by modified DLVO theory
- 2009
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In: Elsevier IFAC Publications / IFAC Proceedings series. - : Elsevier BV. - 1474-6670. ; 346:1-3, s. 11-15
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We recently investigated specific ion effects near a single charged self-assembled monolayer (SAM) in asalt solution by exploiting a modified Poisson–Boltzmann equation that accounts for both water profileand ion-surface potential profiles inferred from molecular dynamics simulations. In the present contributionwe extend this work to consider two charged SAMs interacting across different salt solution. Ourresults demonstrate one important reason why the double layer force between charged colloidal surfacesin electrolytes could be highly ion specific.
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| 22. |
- Boström, Mathias, et al.
(author)
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Modifying the Poisson-Boltzmann Approach to Model Specific Ion Effects
- 2010
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In: Specific Ion Effects. - Singapore : World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.. - 9789814271578 ; , s. 293-309
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Specific ion effects are important in numerous fields of science and technology. They have been discussed for over 100 years, ever since the pioneering work done by Franz Hofmeister and his group in Prague. Over the last decades, hundreds of examples have been published and periodically explanations have been proposed. However, it is only recently that a profound understanding of the basic effects and their reasons could be achieved. Today, we are not far from a general explanation of specific ion effects. This book summarizes the main new ideas that have come up in the last ten years.In this book, the efforts of theoreticians are substantially supported by the experimental results stemming from new and exciting techniques. Both the new theoretical concepts and the experimental landmarks are collected and critically discussed by eminent scientists and well-known specialists in this field. Beyond the rigorous explanations, guidelines are given to non-specialists in order to help them understand the general rules governing specific ion effects in chemistry, biology, physics and engineering.
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| 30. |
- Ferreira Monteiro, Fabio, et al.
(author)
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Encapsulated beta-carotene in ZnO nanotubes: Theoretical insight into the stabilization dynamics
- 2015
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In: Chemical Physics Letters. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0009-2614 .- 1873-4448. ; 636, s. 62-66
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The stabilization dynamics of a molecular dye (beta-carotene) encapsulated in single-wall zinc oxide nanotubes (ZnONTs) is theoretically investigated in the scope of molecular dynamics and density functional theory simulations. Our findings show that the beta-carotene encapsulation in ZnONTs is an energetically favorable process. Once encapsulated, this molecular dye remains close to the ZnONT wall, in accordance with recent experimental reports. Interestingly, the interaction between the beta-carotene and ZnONT can form a charge delocalization state, where an amount of charge concentrated on beta-carotene is transferred to ZnONT. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 35. |
- Lima, Emilly M., et al.
(author)
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Deep neural network-estimated electrocardiographic age as a mortality predictor
- 2021
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In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most commonly used exam for the screening and evaluation of cardiovascular diseases. Here, the authors propose that the age predicted by artificial intelligence from the raw ECG tracing can be a measure of cardiovascular health and provide prognostic information. The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most commonly used exam for the evaluation of cardiovascular diseases. Here we propose that the age predicted by artificial intelligence (AI) from the raw ECG (ECG-age) can be a measure of cardiovascular health. A deep neural network is trained to predict a patient's age from the 12-lead ECG in the CODE study cohort (n = 1,558,415 patients). On a 15% hold-out split, patients with ECG-age more than 8 years greater than the chronological age have a higher mortality rate (hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, p < 0.001), whereas those with ECG-age more than 8 years smaller, have a lower mortality rate (HR 0.78, p < 0.001). Similar results are obtained in the external cohorts ELSA-Brasil (n = 14,236) and SaMi-Trop (n = 1,631). Moreover, even for apparent normal ECGs, the predicted ECG-age gap from the chronological age remains a statistically significant risk predictor. These results show that the AI-enabled analysis of the ECG can add prognostic information.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Lima, E. R. A., et al.
(author)
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Ion-specific forces between a colloidal nanoprobe and a charged surface
- 2007
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In: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 23:14, s. 7456-7458
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We investigate the effect of ion-specific potentials on the force between a nanoprobe attached to a cantilever tip, and a charged surface. The probe is treated as a spherical nanoparticle with constant charge. A modified Poisson-Boltzmann equation in bispherical coordinates is used to address this problem in a more quantitative way. We predict that the ion-specific series of measured forces depend on the sign and magnitude of surface charge densities.
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| 38. |
- Lima, Eduardo R A, et al.
(author)
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Ion-specific thermodynamical properties of aqueous proteins
- 2010
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In: ANAIS DA ACADEMIA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIAS. - 0001-3765. ; 82:1, s. 109-126
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ion-specific interactions between two colloidal particles are calculated using a modified Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equation and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. PB equations present good results of ionic concentration profiles around a macroion, especially for salt solutions containing monovalent ions. These equations include not only electrostatic interactions, but also dispersion potentials originated from polarizabilities of ions and proteins. This enables us to predict ion-specific properties of colloidal systems. We compared results obtained from the modified PB equation with those from MC simulations and integral equations. Phase diagrams and osmotic second virial coefficients are also presented for different salt solutions at different pH and ionic strengths, in agreement with the experimental results observed Hofmeister effects. In order to include the water structure and hydration effect, we have used an effective interaction obtained from molecular dynamics of each ion and a hydrophobic surface combined with PB equation. The method has been proved to be efficient and suitable for describing phenomena where the water structure close to the interface plays an essential role. Important thermodynamic properties related to protein aggregation, essential in biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, can be obtained from the method shown here.
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| 39. |
- Lima, E.R.A., et al.
(author)
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Osmotic second virial coefficients and phase diagrams for aqueous proteins from a much-improved poisson - Boltzmann equation
- 2007
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In: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 111:43, s. 16055-16059
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A much-improved Poisson - Boltzmann equation for two globular proteins using bispherical coordinates is used to establish the potential of mean force (PMF) between two globular lysozyme particles. Calculations presented here include previously ignored ion-protein nonelectrostatic potentials. The lysozyme - lysozyme PMF is used to calculate osmotic second virial coeffiencients. The theoretical PMF curve as a function of sodium chloride concentration is successfully compared with that from experiment. Our theoretical PMF shows how the second virial coefficient and the phase diagram depends on salt concentration, pH and, most notably, on the choice of salt in the aquous solution. © 2007 American Chemical Society.
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| 46. |
- Neri, SGR, et al.
(author)
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Do virtual reality games improve mobility skills and balance measurements in community-dwelling older adults? Systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2017
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In: Clinical rehabilitation. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-0873 .- 0269-2155. ; 31:10, s. 1292-1304
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To summarize evidence on the effectiveness of virtual reality games and conventional therapy or no-intervention for fall prevention in the elderly.Data sources:An electronic data search (last searched December 2016) was performed on 10 databases (Web of Science, EMBASE, PUBMED, CINAHL, LILACS, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Library, Scopus, SciELO, PEDro) and retained only randomized controlled trials.Review method:Sample characteristics and intervention parameters were compared, focusing on clinical homogeneity of demographic characteristics, type/duration of interventions, outcomes (balance, reaction time, mobility, lower limb strength and fear of falling) and low risk of bias. Based on homogeneity, a meta-analysis was considered. Two independent reviewers assessed the risk of bias.Results:A total of 28 studies met the inclusion criteria and were appraised ( n: 1121 elderly participants). We found that virtual reality games presented positive effects on balance and fear of falling compared with no-intervention. Virtual reality games were also superior to conventional interventions for balance improvements and fear of falling. The six studies included in the meta-analysis demonstrated that virtual reality games significantly improved mobility and balance after 3–6 and 8–12 weeks of intervention when compared with no-intervention. The risk of bias revealed that less than one-third of the studies correctly described the random sequence generation and allocation concealment procedures.Conclusion:Our review suggests positive clinical effects of virtual reality games for balance and mobility improvements compared with no-treatment and conventional interventions. However, owing to the high risk of bias and large variability of intervention protocols, the evidence remains inconclusive and further research is warranted.
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| 47. |
- Nicolas, Aude, et al.
(author)
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Genome-wide Analyses Identify KIF5A as a Novel ALS Gene
- 2018
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In: Neuron. - : Cell Press. - 0896-6273 .- 1097-4199. ; 97:6, s. 1268-1283.e6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To identify novel genes associated with ALS, we undertook two lines of investigation. We carried out a genome-wide association study comparing 20,806 ALS cases and 59,804 controls. Independently, we performed a rare variant burden analysis comparing 1,138 index familial ALS cases and 19,494 controls. Through both approaches, we identified kinesin family member 5A (KIF5A) as a novel gene associated with ALS. Interestingly, mutations predominantly in the N-terminal motor domain of KIF5A are causative for two neurodegenerative diseases: hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG10) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2 (CMT2). In contrast, ALS-associated mutations are primarily located at the C-terminal cargo-binding tail domain and patients harboring loss-of-function mutations displayed an extended survival relative to typical ALS cases. Taken together, these results broaden the phenotype spectrum resulting from mutations in KIF5A and strengthen the role of cytoskeletal defects in the pathogenesis of ALS.
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