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- Anselmo, Ana Sofia, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Tuning the Vertical Phase Separation in Polyfluorene: Fullerene Blend Films by Polymer Functionalization
- 2011
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In: Chemistry of Materials. - Washington : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5002 .- 0897-4756. ; 23:9, s. 2295-2302
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Achieving control over the nanomorphology of blend films of the fullerene derivative [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester, PCBM, with light-absorbing conjugated polymers is an important challenge in the development of efficient solution-processed photovoltaics. Here, three new polyfluorene copolymers are presented, tailored for enhanced miscibility with the fullerene through the introduction of polymer segments with modified side chains, which enhance the polymer's polar character. The composition of the spincoated polymer:PCBM films is analyzed with dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry (dSIMS). The dSIMS depth profiles demonstrate compositional variations perpendicular to the surface plane, as a result of vertical phase separation, directed by the substrate. These variations propagate to a higher degree through the film for the polymers with a larger fraction of modified side chains. The surface composition of the films is studied by Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS). Quantitative analysis of the NEXAFS spectra through a linear combination fit with the spectra of the pure components yields the surface composition. The resulting blend ratios reveal polymer-enrichment of the film surface for all three blends, which also becomes stronger as the polar character of the polymer increases. Comparison of the NEXAFS spectra collected with two different sampling depths shows that the vertical composition gradient builds up already in the first nanometers underneath the surface of the films. The results obtained with this new series of polymers shed light on the onset of formation of lamellar structures in thin polymer:PCBM films prepared from highly volatile solvents.
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Datacentralerna för högre utbildning och forskning : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Tekniska museet i Stockholm den 27 mars 2008
- 2008
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The witness seminar ”Datacentralerna för högre utbildning och forskning” [The Data Processing Centres for Higher Education and Research] was held at Tekniska museet [The National Museum of Science and Technology] in Stockholm on 27 March 2008 and was led by professor Sture Allén. The main questions dealt with the introduction of the data processing centres, its development and influence on higher education and research, as well as the closure and transformation of the centres. The centres came into existence because of the great expenses that were connected to the acquisition of computers. In the witness seminar different views were represented, such as the one of The Swedish Agency for Public Management which was responsible for the acquisition, the managers of the centres as well as the users of the centres. The centres have had a great influence on both education and research and have affected the mode of working with computers. Among other things, the creation and use of different programs emerged at the centres.
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| 4. |
- Lindgren, Sofia, 1980-
(author)
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Dataföreningar i Sverige: Framväxt och förändringsmönster 1949–1990 : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Tekniska museet i Stockholm den 26 september 2008
- 2008
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The witness seminar ”Dataföreningar i Sverige: Framväxt och förändringsmönster 1949–1990” [Computer Associations in Sweden: Growth, Development and Changes 1949– 1990] was held at Tekniska museet [the National Museum of Science and Technology] in Stockholm on 26 September 2008 and was led by Per Lundin. Representatives from four different computer associations were gathered in order to discuss the organisations and their activities, namely Svenska Dataföreningen, Svenska Samfundet för Informationsbehnadling, Systemutvecklarnas Riksförening and Riksdataförbundet. In 1990 these organisations merged as one organisation. The discussions at the seminar highlighted the various cultures that embodied the different organisations and how they have been organized. However, one aspect that has been a frequent theme in all the organisations is that of education. The organisations have worked with education related to computers on the whole, as well as with further education for its members. These activities have taken place in the form of publications, seminars and conferences. In connection to the matter of education, it was mentioned that the Swedish education system has not been quick enough to establish computer education. Financial difficulties forced the organisations to merge, in order to receive financial support from the industry. This underlines the close connections that these organisations have had with the industry through the years.
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| 5. |
- Lindgren, Sofia, 1980-
(author)
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Fackpress inom dataområdet: Exempel från 1960- och 1970-talet : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Tekniska museet i Stockholm den 14 oktober 2008
- 2008
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The witness seminar ”Fackpress inom dataområdet: Exempel från 1960- och 1970-talet” [Professional Magazines Concerning Computers and Computing: Examples from the 1960s and 1970s] was held at Tekniska museet [the National Museum of Science and Technology] in Stockholm on 14 October 2008 and led by Patrik Lundell. It dealt with the rise of magazines that focused on computers during the 1960s and 1970s. Representatives from magazines with different perspectives about computers were invited to the seminar. The seminar highlighted the different character each magazine withheld, also concerning the organization of the magazines in question and the ideas behind this. Furthermore the magazines’ varying approaches to ideas concerning whether or not people skilled in technology were needed in the editorial staff, in order to pursue the journalistic work about computers were discussed. The seminar also discerned how the journalists experienced how computer companies with different methods tried to affect the magazines’ ways of reporting about the companies and their businesses. This was usually carried out in a way that the journalists at the seminar experienced as a method for the computer companies themselves to control the actual reporting. One example of this method is that of the magazines’ funding. Since the magazines depended heavily on income from advertisements in the actual magazines made by the computer companies, the companies threatened to withdraw their advertisements from the magazines when they disagreed with the content of the published material.
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| 6. |
- Lindgren, Sofia, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Högre datautbildningar i Sverige i ett historiskt perspektiv : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Tekniska museet i Stockholm den 24 januari 2008
- 2008
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The witness seminar ”Högre dataubildningar i Sverige i ett historiskt perspektiv” [Higher Education in the Computers Sciences in Sweden from a Historic Perspective] was held at Tekniska museet [The National Museum of Science and Technology] in Stockholm on 24 January 2008 and was led by Ingemar Dahlstrand. Different aspects of the development of higher education within the computer area were discussed and debated. The witness seminar focused on the expansion of the subject area that grew from Numerical Analysis, Administrative Data Processing and the area that in the end became Computer Science. The experiences from the different universities were compared and debated. The development of the subject area of computers took various paths at the universities. The experiences of working within a newly established subject area were discussed. These included, among other aspects, the relation to the industry. Also the experiences of having to rely on a centralised system with Data Processing Centres in order to use computers were mentioned.
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| 7. |
- Moksnes, Per-Olav, et al.
(author)
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Fritidsbåtars påverkan på grunda kustekosystem i sverige
- 2019
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Sveriges natursköna kust med vidsträckta skärgårdar erbjuder fantastiska förhållanden för fritidsbåtliv. Idag finns uppskattningsvis mer än 700 000 fritidsbåtar i Sverige, vilket är en av de högsta siffrorna i världen sett till befolkningsmängden. Kustens vågskyddade skärgård ger också goda förutsättningar att förvara fritidsbåtar vid bryggor, och idag täcks stora områden av bryggor och småbåtshamnar. Det stora antalet båtar och bryggor kan ge betydande effekter på miljön, men kunskapen om fritidsbåtlivets sammanlagda påverkan på Sveriges kustmiljöer har hittills varit bristfällig. Havsmiljöinstitutets mål med denna rapport har varit att sammanställa kunskapsläget kring hur fritidsbåtar påverkar grunda kustekosystem i Sverige, samt bedöma omfattningen av denna påverkan och om utveckling är hållbar. Syftet med rapporten är att bidra till utvecklingen av en mer hållbar förvaltning av fritidsbåtlivet genom att sammanställa vetenskaplig kunskap inom detta område på ett lättillgängligt sätt. Sammanställningen visar att det finns ett starkt stöd i den vetenskapliga litteraturen för att fritidsbåtar ger upphov till många negativa effekter på kustmiljön. Med fritidsbåtslivet följer en rad olika fysiska strukturer och aktiviteter som var och en ger upphov till flera olika typer av miljöpåverkan. En ökad utbredning av småbåtshamnar, bryggor och muddrade områden medför förluster av viktiga bottenmiljöer och leder ofta till en långvarig försämring av miljöförhållanden lokalt. Muddrings- och dumpningsaktiviteter leder till ökad uppgrumling och spridning av sediment, näringsämnen och miljögifter över stora områden, vilket bland annat påverkar bottenvegetation, fiskar och musslor negativt. Båttrafik och ankring leder till uppgrumling och erosion av sediment samt till skador på bottenmiljön. Undervattensbuller från båtarnas motorer stör också fiskar och däggdjur. Vidare medför användning av fritidsbåtar betydande utsläpp av giftiga ämnen och föroreningar från båtbottenfärger och förbränningsmotorer. Drygt 60 % av alla bryggor och småbåtshamnar återfinns i grunda (<3 m), vågskyddade områden med mjukbottnar, trots att de endast utgör en fjärdedel av kustens totala grundområden. Dessa områden lämpar sig väl för båtförvaring, men är också en av kustens mest produktiva och värdefulla miljöer. Grunda mjukbottnar är en viktig miljö för olika kärlväxter och kransalger, som i sin tur utgör viktiga uppväxthabitat för många olika fiskarter och kräftdjur. Rapporten visar att dessa miljöer är extra känsliga för en majoritet av de störningar som fritidsbåtlivet ger upphov till. Sammantaget medför detta att fritidsbåtslivet i förhållande till sin omfattning genererar stora skador på miljöer med höga naturvärden.
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| 8. |
- Ng, Nawi, 1974, et al.
(author)
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Sustainable Behavior Change for Health Supported by Person-Tailored, Adaptive, Risk-Aware Digital Coaching in a Social Context: Study Protocol for the STAR-C Research Programme
- 2021
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In: Frontiers in Public Health. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-2565. ; 9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: The Vasterbotten Intervention Programme (VIP) in the Region Vasterbotten Sweden is one of the very few cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention programmes globally that is integrated into routine primary health care. The VIP has been shown as a cost-effective intervention to significantly reduce CVD mortality. However, little is known about the effectiveness of a digital solution to tailor risk communication strategies for supporting behavioral change. STAR-C aims to develop and evaluate a technical platform for personalized digital coaching that will support behavioral change aimed at preventing CVD. Methods: STAR-C employs a mixed-methods design in seven multidisciplinary projects, which runs in two phases during 2019-2024: (i) a formative intervention design and development phase, and (ii) an intervention implementation and evaluation phase. In the 1st phase, STAR-C will model the trajectories of health behaviors and their impact on CVDs (Project 1), evaluate the role of the social environment and social networks on behavioral change (Project 2) and assess whether and how social media facilitates the spread of health information beyond targeted individuals and stimulates public engagement in health promotion (Project 3). The findings will be utilized in carrying out the iterative, user-centered design, and development of a person-tailored digital coaching platform (Project 4). In the 2nd phase, STAR-C will evaluate the implementation of the coaching programme and its effectiveness for promoting behavioral change and the spreading of health information across social networks and via social media (Project 5). The cost-effectiveness (Project 6) and ethical issues (Project 7) related to the coaching programme intervention will be evaluated. Discussion: The STAR-C research programme will address the knowledge and practice research gaps in the use of information technologies in health promotion and non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention programmes in order to narrow the health inequality gaps. Ethics: STAR-C has received approval from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (Dnr. 2019-02924;2020-02985). Dissemination: The collaboration between Umea University and Region Vasterbotten will ensure the feasibility of STAR-C in the service delivery context. Results will be communicated with decision-makers at different levels of society, stakeholders from other regions and healthcare professional organizations, and through NGOs, local and social media platforms.
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