| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Friedman, Mikaela, et al.
(author)
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Engineering and characterization of a bispecific HER2 x EGFR-binding affibody molecule
- 2009
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In: Biotechnology and applied biochemistry. - 0885-4513 .- 1470-8744. ; 54, s. 121-131
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- HER2 (human epidermal-growth-factor receptor-2; ErbB2) and EGFR (epidermal-growth-factor receptor) are overexpressed in various forms of cancer, and the co-expression of both HER2 and EGFR has been reported in a number of studies. The simultaneous targeting of HER2 and EGFR has been discussed as a strategy with which to potentially increase efficiency and selectivity in molecular imaging and therapy of certain cancers. In an effort to generate a molecule capable of bispecifically targeting HER2 and EGFR, a gene fragment encoding a bivalent HER2-binding affibody molecule was genetically fused in-frame with a bivalent EGFR-binding affibody molecule via a (G(4)S)(3) [(Gly(4)-Ser)(3)]-encoding gene fragment. The encoded 30 kDa affibody construct (Z(HER2))(2)-(G(4)S)(3)-(Z(EGFR))(2), with potential for bs (bispecific) binding to HER2 and EGFR, was expressed in Escherichia coli and characterized in terms of its binding capabilities. The retained ability to bind HER2 and EGFR separately was demonstrated using both biosensor technology and flow-cytometric analysis, the latter using HER2- and EGFR-overexpressing cells. Furthermore, simultaneous binding to HER2 and EGFR was demonstrated in: (i) a sandwich format employing real-time biospecific interaction analysis where the bs affibody molecule bound immobilized EGFR and soluble HER2; (ii) immunofluorescence microscopy, where the bs affibody molecule bound EGFR-overexpressing cells and soluble HER2; and (iii) a cell-cell interaction analysis where the bs affibody molecule bound HER2-overexpressing SKBR-3 cells and EGFR-overexpressing A-431 cells. This is, to our knowledge, the first reported bs affinity protein with potential ability for the simultaneous targeting of HER2 and EGFR. The potential future use of this and similar constructs, capable of bs targeting of receptors to increase the efficacy and selectivity in imaging and therapy, is discussed.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Frohm, Jörgen, 1972, et al.
(author)
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Levels of automation in manufacturing
- 2008
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In: Ergonomia - an International journal of ergonomics and human factors. - 0137-4990. ; 30:3, s. 29-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective of this paper is to increase the general understanding of task allocation in semi-automated systems and to provide a systematic approach for changing the level of automation. The paper presents a literature review of definitions and taxonomies for levels of automation (LoA) across multiple scientific and industrial domains. A synthesizing concept is suggested, including a LoA definition and taxonomy aimed for application in the manufacturing domain. Results suggest that the level of automation should be divided into two separate variables, i.e. physical/mechanical LoA and cognitive/information-related LoA. Further, the idea is that LoA in a manufacturing context can be described and assessed using seven-step reference scales for both physical and cognitive LoA.
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| 6. |
- Frohm, Jörgen, et al.
(author)
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The Industry's View on Automation in Manufacturing
- 2006
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In: Poster at the 9th IFAC Symposium on Automated Systems Based on Human Skill and Knowledge.
-
Conference paper (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Many manufacturing companies in Europe are presently focusing on automation as a weapon for competition on a global market. This paper focuses on industry’s view of automation. The paper presents data on advantages and disadvantages of automation, based on one pilot study and one Delphi study in two rounds.
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| 7. |
- Holmstedt, Janna, 1972-
(author)
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Are you ready for a wet live-in? : explorations into listening
- 2017
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Artistic work (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Listen. If I ask you to listen, what is it that I ask of you—that you will understand, or perhaps obey? Or is it some sort of readiness that is requested? What occurs with a body in the act of listening? How do sound and voice structure audio-visual-spatial relations in concrete situations?This doctoral thesis in fine arts consists of six artworks and an essay that documents the research process, or rather, acts as a travelogue as it stages and narrates a series of journeys into a predominantly sonic ecology. One entry into this field is offered by the animal “voice” and attempts to teach animals to speak human language. The first journey concerns a specific case where humanoid sounds were found to emanate from an unlikely source—the blowhole of a dolphin. Another point of entry is offered by the acousmatic voice, a voice split from its body, and more specifically, my encounter with the disembodied voice of Steve Buscemi in a prison in Philadelphia. This listening experience triggered a fascination with, and an inquiry into, the voices that exist alongside us, the parasitic relation that audio technology makes possible, and the way an accompanying voice changes one’s perceptions and even one’s behavior. In the case of both the animal and the acousmatic, the seemingly trivial act of attending to a voice quickly opens up a complex space of embodied entanglements with the potential to challenge much of what we take for granted. At the heart of my inquiry is a series of artworks made between 2012 and 2016, which constitute a third journey: the performance Limit-Cruisers (#1 Sphere), the praxis session Limit-Cruisers (#2 Crowd), the installations Therapy in Junkspace, Fluorescent You, and “Then, ere the bark above their shoulders grew,” and the lecture performance Articulations from the Orifice (The Dry and the Wet).The relationship between what is seen and heard is being explored and renegotiated in the arts and beyond. We are increasingly addressed by prerecorded and synthetic voices in both public and private spaces. Simultaneously, our notions of human communication are challenged and complicated by recent research in animal communication. My work attempts to address the shifts and complexities embodied in these developments. The three journeys are deeply entwined with theoretical inquiries into human-animal relationships, technology, and the philosophy of sound. In the essay, I consider as well how other artistic practices are exploring this same complex space. What I put forward is a materialist and concrete approach to listening understood as a situated practice. Listening is both a form of co-habitation and an ecology. In and through listening, I claim, one could be said to perform in concert with the things heard while at the same time being changed by them.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Lindström, Jörgen
(author)
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Chefers användning av kommunikationsteknik
- 1996
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Under senare år har affärsmiljön för de flesta företag förändrats i snabb takt samtidigt som informations- och kommunikationstekniken genomgått en snabb utveckling. Den förändrade affärsmiljön kan tänkas förändra arbetssituationen för exempelvis chefer. Eftersom tidigare studier visat att ett mycket väsentligt inslag i chefers arbete är kommunikation skulle den nya tekniken kunna användas för att möta denna förändring i arbetssituation. Syftet med den här studien är mot denna bakgrund att skapa en förståelse för chefers inställning till och användning av kommunikationsteknik.Studien har huvudsakligen genomförts genom intervjuer med chefer i två företag. Totalt har sexton chefer och sju medarbetare till dessa chefer intervjuats. De i studien intervjuade cheferna upplever en arbetssituation som är mycket tidspressad, med fragmenterade arbetsdagar, ett högt kommunikationstryck och ont om tid till ostört arbete. Vidare uttrycker respondenterna av en mängd olika skäl en stark preferens för kommunikation ansikte mot ansikte. Denna preferens är delvis en följd av att arbetsuppgifterna ibland är så komplexa att de kräver ett personligt möte för att kunna hanteras effektivt. En annan mycket viktig aspekt är de symboliska faktorerna, att chefen genom att närvara personligen signalerar att en viss fråga, en viss enhet, en viss kund etc. är viktig för organisationen.Vad gäller användandet av kommunikationsteknik så förefaller det av studien att döma som om modern teknik i ganska liten utsträckning används för att minska resande och lätta på arbetsbördan för den studerade kategorin människor. Detta tycks bero på att man av sociala, symboliska och andra skäl vill och behöver träffas personligen. Dessa krav och önskemål på kontakter ansikte mot ansikte tycks vara så starka att inte ens mycket sofistikerad teknik kan ersätta den typen av kontakter. Det tycks i stället närmast vara så att teknikutvecklingen ökat mängden kommunikation genom att kommunikation via exempelvis mobiltelefon eller elektronisk post till viss del adderats till den tidigare kommunikationen.
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| 10. |
- Lindström, Jörgen, 1967-
(author)
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Does distance matter? : On geographical dispersion in organisations
- 1999
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In the discussion on organisations and organisational form, several concepts have appeared to denote what is said to be new organisational forms. These concepts many times imply a geographical dispersion of organisations. The changes to organisational structure-and notably geographical dispersion-are often seen as enabled by developments in information and communication technology (ICT), developments providing us with tools that make it possible to communicate and handle information over geographical distances "better" and more "efficiently" than ever before. Thus, it is implied that distance is dead or at least losing in importance for organisations.In this thesis, however, it is contended that distance is still an important concept and the aim of the thesis is to gain an understanding of the possible importance of geographical distance for the design and management of organisations. More specifically, it focuses on how different communication modes-basically face-to-face as compared to technology-mediated communication-affect the process of organising. This is discussed both on a general level and with a special focus on the role and work of managers.It is concluded that distance is still a very important fact in organisational life. Basically, this is because social interaction through technology differs in fundamental ways from social interaction face-to-face. Even if many tasks can be handled through technology-mediated communication if considered in isolation, the picture changes when all tasks are considered simultaneously and over time. Then the necessity of having shared frames and a common set of significant symbols and the difficulties involved in creating, recreating, and maintaining these via technology imposes a lower limit on the amount of face-to-face interaction necessary.
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| 11. |
- Lindström, Veronica, et al.
(author)
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Choosing Levels of Automation in Production Systems : Finding Critical and Supportive Factors
- 2005
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In: Proceedings of the 12th International EurOMA Conference on Operations and Global Competitiveness, Budapest, Hungary, June 19-22, 2005. ; , s. 1593-1601, s. 1593-1601
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Operation and strategic decision making becomes more complex and dynamic related to the performance of industrial companies. In this light, the choice of a suitable and right automation level becomes critical and is a non-trivial decision making process. The purpose of this paper is to present definitions of manufacturing strategy, operational flexibility and automation levels in manufacturing. Further, this paper discusses linkages between process technology life stages, manufacturing strategy and levels of automation. A framework presenting critical and supportive factors affected by the choice of level of automation both short and long term give the basics for designating responsibilities to different categories of manufacturing managers. The choice of automation levels can be seen from and should be considered within different dimensions: (1) process life cycle stage; (2) fit with manufacturing strategy; and (3) organizational level.
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| 12. |
- Lindström, Veronica, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Developing a methodology based on Value Stream Mapping for the Measurement of Automation Levels in Production Systems
- 2005
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In: CIRP 3rd International Conference on Reconfigurable Manufacturing.
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- From a production system perspective, both human and technological capabilities, automation, are important for balance and robustness. Separating and standardizing the balance allocation or relationship between theses two is termed levels of automation (LoA). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of Value Stream Mapping to measure levels of automation in production value streams and to discuss suitable types of taxonomies for measuring automation. The results of two case studies show that different LoA models can be used when measuring, but preferable is to separate computerized and mechanized processes. A measurement methodology is also provided based on value stream mapping.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Locke, Adam E, et al.
(author)
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Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology.
- 2015
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 197-401
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.
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| 15. |
- Lundgren, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Tingsrätters effektivitet och produktivitet
- 2017
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Statens reformering av tingsrätterna har inte gett förväntad effekt. Trots förändrade arbetssätt och en sammanslagning av tingsrätter från 96 till 48 når många tingsrätter inte regeringens verksamhetsmål.Riksrevisionens granskning av den långsiktiga tekniska effektiviteten åren 2012– 2015 visar att effektiviteten är hög men att det finns en utvecklingspotential. Den varierar dock mellan de olika tingsrätterna. Vidare visar granskningen att produktiviteten har minskat över åren för en majoritet av tingsrätterna. Det framkommer också att tingsrätternas storlek har en koppling till nivån på ineffektiviteten.Granskningen bygger på DEA-metoden som mäter effektiviteten genom en inbördes jämförelse av tingsrätterna.För att höja effektiviteten och produktiviteten hos tingsrätterna rekommenderar Riksrevisionen Domstolsverket och tingsrätterna med att påbörja ett arbete för att identifiera interna och externa faktorer som påverkar både effektivitet och produktivitet. Riksrevisionen rekommenderar även Domstolsverket att ta hänsyn till att ineffektiviteten inte är jämt fördelad om effektiviseringsarbete ska genomföras. Enligt den modell som Riskrevisionen använt bedöms ett antal tingsrätter vara effektiva varför generella metoder för effektivisering riktade på samma sätt till samtliga tingsrätter inte nödvändigtvis är lämpliga.
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| 16. |
- Nowak, Jan K., et al.
(author)
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Characterization of the circulating transcriptomic landscape in inflammatory bowel disease provides evidence for dysregulation of multiple transcription factors including NFE2, SPI1, CEBPB, and IRF2
- 2022
-
In: Journal of Crohn's & Colitis. - : Oxford University Press. - 1873-9946 .- 1876-4479. ; 16:8, s. 1255-1268
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: To assess the pathobiological and translational importance of whole blood transcriptomic analysis in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).METHODS: We analyzed whole blood expression profiles from paired-end sequencing in a discovery cohort of 590 Europeans recruited across six countries in the IBD Character initiative (newly diagnosed patients with Crohn's disease [CD, n = 156], ulcerative colitis [UC, n = 167], and controls [n = 267]), exploring differential expression (DESeq2), co-expression networks (WGCNA), and transcription factor involvement (EPEE, ChEA, DoRothEA). Findings were validated by analysis of an independent replication cohort (99 CD, 100 UC, and 95 controls). In the discovery cohort, we also defined baseline expression correlates of future treatment escalation using cross-validated elastic-net and random forest modelling, along with a pragmatic ratio detection procedure.RESULTS: Disease-specific transcriptomes were defined in IBD (8697 transcripts), CD (7152), and UC (8521), with the most highly significant changes in single genes, including CD177 (log2-fold change [LFC] = 4.63, p = 4.05 × 10 -118), MCEMP1 (LFC = 2.45, p = 7.37 × 10 -109), and S100A12 (LFC = 2.31, p = 2.15 × 10 -93). Significantly over-represented pathways included IL-1 (p = 1.58 × 10 -11), IL-4, and IL-13 (p = 8.96 × 10 -9). Highly concordant results were obtained using multiple regulatory activity inference tools applied to the discovery and replication cohorts. These analyses demonstrated central roles in IBD for the transcription factors NFE2, SPI1 (PU.1), CEBPB, and IRF2, all regulators of cytokine signaling, based on a consistent signal across cohorts and transcription factor ranking methods. A number of simple transcriptome-based models were associated with the need for treatment escalation, including the binary CLEC5A/CDH2 expression ratio in UC (hazard ratio = 23.4, 95% CI 5.3-102.0).CONCLUSION: Transcriptomic analysis has allowed for a detailed characterization of IBD pathobiology, with important potential translational implications.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Rodhe, Allan, et al.
(author)
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Grundvattenbildning i svenska typjordar — översiktlig beräkning med en vattenbalansmodell
- 2006
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- En vattenbalansmodell för beräkning av grundvattenbildningen i svenska jordar har utvecklats och kartor över grundvattenbildningens storlek i olika jordar har tagits fram. Beräkningarna bygger på utnyttjandet av landsomfattande databaser över jordarter och markanvändning samt tidsserier av vattenföring och ytinterpolerad nederbörd och lufttemperatur. Modellen är en förenklad variant av HBV-modellens markvattenrutin. Allt regn eller snösmältning antas infiltrera i rotzonen och antingen avdunsta, lagras tillfälligt eller perkolera och bilda grundvatten. När rotzonens vatteninnehåll är lika med modellparametern fältkapacitet är avdunstningen potentiell och perkolationen är lika med all ytterligare vattentillförsel. När vatteninnehållet är mindre än fältkapacitet sker ingen perkolation och avdunstningens andel av den potentiella minskar linjärt med minskat markvatteninnehåll.I ett första steg kalibrerades modellen för att ta fram samband mellan jordart och vattenhållande egenskaper hos jorden (i modellen beskrivet av parametern fältkapacitet). Modellen kalibrerades mot avrinningens årsvärden i 161 mindre (<2000 km2) avrinningsområden över landet. Härvid antogs den sammanlagda årsavrinningen från ett avrinningsområde vara lika med summan av grundvattenbildningen i dess delområden med olika jordarter. Vid den slutgiltiga kalibreringen slogs jordarterna samman till tre så kallade markklasser, grov jord, morän och fin jord, utan hänsyn till markanvändningen skog/öppen mark. Till dessa klasser kom klassen sjö+torv, vilken antogs sakna markvattenmagasin och från vilken avdunstningen ständigt antogs vara potentiell. I ett andra steg användes de framkalibrerade värdena på fältkapacitet för att beräkna grundvattenbildningen över landet med hjälp av rikstäckande tidsserier av nederbörd och lufttemperatur.Ett speciellt problem var att få yttäckande tidsserier av den potentiella avdunstningen. En enkel modell med vilken den potentiella avdunstningen beräknades ur lufttemperatur utvecklades och användes vid kalibreringen (steg 1) och vid beräkningarna av grundvattenbildning i olika jordar (steg 2). På grund av ett inbördes samband mellan parametern fältkapacitet och den viktigaste parametern för potentiell avdunstning gick det inte att optimera fram markklasspecifika värden för parametern fältkapacitet. Vi kunde dock visa att för rimliga värden på avdunstningsparametern gick det att kalibrera fram markklasspecifika värden på parametern fältkapacitet, vilka bedömdes som rimliga för respektive markklass (70 mm för ”grov jord”, 244 mm för ”morän” och 366 mm för ”fin jord”).Den beräknade grundvattenbildningen var störst i grov jord, med värden över 600 mm/år i sydvästra Götaland. Den minskade med ökande värde på parametern fältkapacitet, ned till under 150 mm/år i fin jord i Mälardalen och på Östgötaslätten. (Fjällområden ingår inte i beräkningarna.) I Svealand och Götaland var den beräknade årliga grundvattenbildningen i grov jord omkring 70 mm större än i morän. Den grundvattenbildning som statistiskt sett underskrids ett år av 10 var ca 75 mm lägre än flerårsmedelvärdet, för både grov jord och fin jord.
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| 19. |
- Shungin, Dmitry, et al.
(author)
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New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.
- 2015
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 187-378
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.
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| 20. |
- Suchankova, Petra, 1979, et al.
(author)
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Genetic Variation of the Ghrelin Signalling System in Individuals with Amphetamine Dependence
- 2013
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In: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The development of amphetamine dependence largely depends on the effects of amphetamine in the brain reward systems. Ghrelin, an orexigenic peptide, activates the reward systems and is required for reward induced by alcohol, nicotine, cocaine and amphetamine in mice. Human genetic studies have shown that polymorphisms in the pre-proghrelin (GHRL) as well as GHS-R1A (GHSR) genes are associated with high alcohol consumption, increased weight and smoking in males. Since the heritability factor underlying drug dependence is shared between different drugs of abuse, we here examine the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes in the GHRL and GHSR, and amphetamine dependence. GHRL and GHSR SNPs were genotyped in Swedish amphetamine dependent individuals (n = 104) and controls from the general population (n = 310). A case-control analysis was performed and SNPs and haplotypes were additionally tested for association against Addiction Severity Interview (ASI) composite score of drug use. The minor G-allele of the GHSR SNP rs2948694, was more common among amphetamine dependent individuals when compared to controls (pc = 0.02). A significant association between the GHRL SNP rs4684677 and ASI composite score of drug use was also reported (pc = 0.03). The haplotype analysis did not add to the information given by the individual polymorphisms. Although genetic variability of the ghrelin signalling system is not a diagnostic marker for amphetamine dependence and problem severity of drug use, the present results strengthen the notion that ghrelin and its receptor may be involved in the development of addictive behaviours and may thus serve as suitable targets for new treatments of such disorders.
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| 21. |
- Vatn, Simen Svendsen, et al.
(author)
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Mucosal Gene Transcript Signatures in Treatment Naïve Inflammatory Bowel Disease : A Comparative Analysis of Disease to Symptomatic and Healthy Controls in the European IBD-Character Cohort
- 2022
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In: Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology. - : Dove Medical Press Ltd.. - 1178-7023. ; 15, s. 5-25
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Studies of the mucosal transcriptomic landscape have given new insight into the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recently, the predictive biomarker potential of gene expression signatures has been explored. To further investigate the mucosal gene expression in IBD, we recruited a cohort of treatment naïve patients and compared them to both symptomatic and healthy controls.Methods: Altogether, 323 subjects were included: Crohn's disease (N = 75), ulcerative colitis (N = 87) and IBD unclassified (N = 3). Additionally, there were two control groups: symptomatic controls (N = 131) and healthy controls (N = 27). Mucosal biopsies were collected during ileocolonoscopy and gene expression in inflamed and non-inflamed mucosa was explored. Gene expression profiling was performed using Agilent G3 Human Gene Expression 860K v3 One-Color microarray. We recorded information about treatment escalation to anti-TNF agents or surgery, and anti-TNF response, to explore predictive opportunities of the mucosal transcriptome.Results: Gene expression profiles in symptomatic controls in whom IBD had been excluded resembled that of IBD patients and diverged from that of healthy controls. In non-inflamed Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, gene set enrichment analysis revealed dysregulation of pathways involved in basic cellular biological processes. Mitochondria-associated pathways were dysregulated both in non-inflamed and inflamed Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (>2.6 normalized enrichment scores <-1.8). Gene expression signatures of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis did not predict time for treatment escalation (p = 0.175). No significant association was found between gene expression signatures and anti-TNF response.Conclusion: Non-inflamed samples are probably superior to inflamed samples when exploring gene expression signatures in IBD and might reveal underlying mechanisms central for disease initiation. The gene expression signatures of the control groups were related to if they were symptomatic or not, which may have important implications for future study designs.
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| 22. |
- Vrethem, Magnus, 1955-, et al.
(author)
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Painful polyneuropathy in patients with and without diabetes : Clinical, neurophysiologic, and quantitative sensory characteristics
- 2002
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In: The Clinical Journal of Pain. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0749-8047 .- 1536-5409. ; 18:2, s. 122-127
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To study pain characteristics and peripheral nerve involvement in patients with painful diabetic and nondiabetic polyneuropathy in comparison with patients with nonpainful polyneuropathy. Patients and Methods: Fifty-five patients with polyneuropathy (37 with painful polyneuropathy, of whom 19 had diabetes and 18 had no diabetes, and 18 with painless polyneuropathy of different etiologies) were examined clinically using quantitative sensory tests and neurophysiology. Pain intensity and characteristics were analyzed by daily ratings on a 10-step verbal scale and by a questionnaire. Results: Most patients experienced pain of more than one character. There was no clear difference in character or duration of pain between patients with and without diabetes. The mean value of the daily rating of pain intensity showed that pain was more severe in the evenings than in the mornings and that diabetic patients reported worse pain than nondiabetic patients. Thirty-two of the 37 patients with pain had paresthesias and/or dysesthesias, whereas only 7 of 18 patients without pain had paresthesias. Pain was always located in the feet, and, in most patients, also in the lower part of the legs. Some patients also experienced pain in the hands. Tactile sensibility, measured by quantitative tests, was more affected in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients with painful polyneuropathy compared with patients without pain (p = 0.02). Temperature, pain, and vibratory sensibility were equally affected in all patient groups. Nerve conduction velocity, amplitudes, and distal latency were equally affected in the pain group as compared with the control group, indicating that both thin and thick nerve afferents are affected in patients with painful as well as nonpainful polyneuropathy and that etiology has no clear impact on nerve involvement. Conclusions: Neuropathy pain was always located in the feet and more severe in diabetic patients compared with patients with neuropathy pain of other etiologies. The authors also found evidence for a greater tactile sensibility involvement in patients with neuropathy pain, irrespective of etiology, whereas other quantitative sensibility and neurography parameters were equally affected in all patient groups.
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| 23. |
- Winroth, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Automation Strategies : Refinement of Manufacturing Strategy Content
- 2006
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Automated manufacturing systems are regarded as highly productive, which improves company’s competitiveness. Many companies consider automation as either fully automated or entirely manual. This is never true since there is always a combination of automated and manual tasks. The delicate issue is to choose the level of automation, LoA, which is best for the purpose. When planning and implementing automated manufacturing systems, a large number of issues need to be considered. Traditional manufacturing strategy theory however treats automation as one subset of process technology decision category. In our research we have come to the conclusion that automation decisions affect much more of the company’s operation activities. Thus, there is a need for developing the manufacturing strategy field in order to embrace relevant aspects/decisions in all of the decision categories. This paper aims at bridging the gap in traditional manufacturing strategy theory and highlights the additional decisions that are necessary in order to cover automation. The authors suggest a decision support tool that highlights the different actions that are needed when changing the level of automation in manufacturing systems.
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| 24. |
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