| 1. |
- Cossarizza, A., et al.
(author)
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Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition)
- 2019
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In: European Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0014-2980 .- 1521-4141. ; 49:10, s. 1457-1973
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the immunology and flow cytometry community. They provide the theory and key practical aspects of flow cytometry enabling immunologists to avoid the common errors that often undermine immunological data. Notably, there are comprehensive sections of all major immune cell types with helpful Tables detailing phenotypes in murine and human cells. The latest flow cytometry techniques and applications are also described, featuring examples of the data that can be generated and, importantly, how the data can be analysed. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid, all written and peer-reviewed by leading experts in the field, making this an essential research companion.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bousquet, J, et al.
(author)
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Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19: time for research to develop adaptation strategies
- 2020
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In: Clinical and translational allergy. - : Wiley. - 2045-7022. ; 10:1, s. 58-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPARγ:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NFκB: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2α:Elongation initiation factor 2α). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT1R axis (AT1R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bousquet, J., et al.
(author)
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Building Bridges for Innovation in Ageing : Synergies between Action Groups of the EIP on AHA
- 2017
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In: The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging. - : Springer Nature. - 1279-7707 .- 1760-4788. ; 21:1, s. 92-104
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Strategic Implementation Plan of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) proposed six Action Groups. After almost three years of activity, many achievements have been obtained through commitments or collaborative work of the Action Groups. However, they have often worked in silos and, consequently, synergies between Action Groups have been proposed to strengthen the triple win of the EIP on AHA. The paper presents the methodology and current status of the Task Force on EIP on AHA synergies. Synergies are in line with the Action Groups' new Renovated Action Plan (2016-2018) to ensure that their future objectives are coherent and fully connected. The outcomes and impact of synergies are using the Monitoring and Assessment Framework for the EIP on AHA (MAFEIP). Eight proposals for synergies have been approved by the Task Force: Five cross-cutting synergies which can be used for all current and future synergies as they consider overarching domains (appropriate polypharmacy, citizen empowerment, teaching and coaching on AHA, deployment of synergies to EU regions, Responsible Research and Innovation), and three cross-cutting synergies focussing on current Action Group activities (falls, frailty, integrated care and chronic respiratory diseases).
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| 6. |
- Demetris, A J, et al.
(author)
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2016 Comprehensive Update of the Banff Working Group on Liver Allograft Pathology: Introduction of Antibody-Mediated Rejection.
- 2016
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In: American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons. - : Elsevier BV. - 1600-6143. ; 16:10, s. 2816-2835
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Banff Working Group on Liver Allograft Pathology reviewed and discussed literature evidence regarding antibody-mediated liver allograft rejection at the 11th (Paris, France, June 5-10, 2011), 12th (Comandatuba, Brazil, August 19-23, 2013), and 13th (Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, October 5-10, 2015) meetings of the Banff Conference on Allograft Pathology. Discussion continued online. The primary goal was to introduce guidelines and consensus criteria for the diagnosis of liver allograft antibody-mediated rejection and provide a comprehensive update of all Banff Schema recommendations. Included are new recommendations for complement component 4d tissue staining and interpretation, staging liver allograft fibrosis, and findings related to immunosuppression minimization. In an effort to create a single reference document, previous unchanged criteria are also included.
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| 7. |
- Cederwall, Bo, et al.
(author)
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Evidence for a spin-aligned neutron-proton paired phase from the level structure of 92Pd
- 2011
-
In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 469:7328, s. 68-71
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Shell structure and magic numbers in atomic nuclei were generally explained by pioneering work(1) that introduced a strong spin-orbit interaction to the nuclear shell model potential. However, knowledge of nuclear forces and the mechanisms governing the structure of nuclei, in particular far from stability, is still incomplete. In nuclei with equal neutron and proton numbers (N = Z), enhanced correlations arise between neutrons and protons (two distinct types of fermions) that occupy orbitals with the same quantum numbers. Such correlations have been predicted to favour an unusual type of nuclear superfluidity, termed isoscalar neutron-proton pairing(2-6), in addition to normal isovector pairing. Despite many experimental efforts, these predictions have not been confirmed. Here we report the experimental observation of excited states in the N = Z = 46 nucleus Pd-92. Gamma rays emitted following the Ni-58(Ar-36,2n)Pd-92 fusion-evaporation reaction were identified using a combination of state-of-the-art high-resolution c-ray, charged-particle and neutron detector systems. Our results reveal evidence for a spin-aligned, isoscalar neutron-proton coupling scheme, different from the previous prediction(2-6). We suggest that this coupling scheme replaces normal superfluidity (characterized by seniority coupling(7,8)) in the ground and low-lying excited states of the heaviest N = Z nuclei. Such strong, isoscalar neutron-proton correlations would have a considerable impact on the nuclear level structure and possibly influence the dynamics of rapid proton capture in stellar nucleosynthesis.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Di Fatta, G., et al.
(author)
-
Preface
- 2011
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In: IEEE International Conference on Data Mining. Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1550-4786. ; , s. xlviii-xlvix
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 11. |
- Ghazi Moradi, Farnaz, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Character of particle-hole excitations in Ru-94 deduced from gamma-ray angular correlation and linear polarization measurements
- 2014
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In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 89:1, s. 014301-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Linear polarization and angular correlations of gamma-rays depopulating excited states in the neutron-deficient nucleus Ru-94(44)50 have been measured, enabling firm spin-parity assignments for several excited states in this nucleus. The deduced multipolarities of strong transitions in the yrast structure were found to be mostly of stretched M1, E1, and E2 types and, in most cases, in agreement with previous tentative assignments. The deduced multipolarity of the 1869 keV and the connecting 257 and 1641 keV transitions indicates that the state at 6358 keV excitation energy has spin parity 12(1)(-) rather than 12(3)(+) as proposed in previous works. The presence of a 12(1)(-) state is interpreted within the framework of large-scale shell-model calculations as a pure proton-hole state dominated by the pi(p(1/2)(-1)circle times g(9/2)(-5)) and pi(p(3/2)(-1) g(9/2)(-5)) configurations. A new positive-parity state is observed at 6103 keV and is tentatively assigned as 12(2)(+). The 14(1)(-) state proposed earlier is reassigned as 13(4)(-) and is interpreted as being dominated by neutron particle-hole core excitations. The strengths of several E1 transitions have been measured and are found to provide a signature of core-excited configurations.
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| 12. |
- Ghazi Moradi, Farnaz, et al.
(author)
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Spectroscopy of the neutron-deficient N=50 nucleus Rh-95
- 2014
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In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 89:4, s. 044310-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The neutron-deficient semimagic (neutron number N = 50) Rh-95 nucleus has been produced at high spins using the projectile-target system Ca-40 + Ni-58 at 125 MeV beam energy. The gamma-decays of levels populated by the 3p fusion evaporation reaction channel were studied using gamma-gamma coincidences, and 20 new gamma-ray transitions involving 15 new positive-and negative-parity states were observed. Spin and parity for many of the excited states were firmly deduced for the first time using the combined directional angular correlation and direction-polarization techniques. The observed structures are discussed within the framework of large-scale shell model calculations. E1 transition strengths were deduced and used together with the results of the shell model calculations to study the contribution of different particle-hole configurations, in particular for analyzing contributions from core-excited configurations.
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| 13. |
- Bäck, Torbjörn, et al.
(author)
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Lifetime measurement of the first excited 2(+) state in (108)Te
- 2011
-
In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 84:4, s. 041306-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The lifetime of the first excited 2(+) state in the neutron deficient nuclide (108)Te has been measured for the first time, using a combined recoil decay tagging and recoil distance Doppler shift technique. The deduced reduced transition probability is B(E2;0(g.s.)(+) -> 2(+)) = 0.39(-0.04)(+0.05)e(2)b(2). Compared to previous experimental data on neutron deficient tellurium isotopes, the new data point constitutes a large step (six neutrons) toward the N = 50 shell closure. In contrast to what has earlier been reported for the light tin isotopes, our result for tellurium does not show any enhanced transition probability with respect to the theoretical predictions and the tellurium systematics including the new data is successfully reproduced by state-of-the-art shell model calculations.
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| 14. |
- Douglas, T. A., et al.
(author)
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The use of hydrogel microparticles to sequester and concentrate bacterial antigens in a urine test for Lyme disease
- 2011
-
In: Biomaterials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0142-9612 .- 1878-5905. ; 32:4, s. 1157-1166
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hydrogel biomarker capturing microparticles were evaluated as a biomaterial to amplify the sensitivity of urine testing for infectious disease proteins. Lyme disease is a bacterial infection transmitted by ticks. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of Lyme disease reduces complications including arthritis and cardiac involvement. While a urine test is highly desirable for Lyme disease screening, this has been difficult to accomplish because the antigen is present at extremely low concentrations, below the detection limit of clinical immunoassays. N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) - acrylic acid (AAc) microparticles were covalently functionalized with amine containing dyes via arnidation of carboxylic groups present in the microparticles. The dyes act as affinity baits towards protein analytes in solution. NIPAm/AAc microparticles functionalized with acid black 48 (AB48) mixed with human urine, achieved close to one hundred percent capture and 100 percent extraction yield of the target antigen. In urine, microparticles sequestered and concentrated Lyme disease antigens 100 fold, compared to the absence of microparticles, achieving an immunoassay detection sensitivity of 700 pg/mL in 10 mL urine. Antigen present in a single infected tick could be readily detected following microparticle sequestration. Hydrogel microparticles functionalized with high affinity baits can dramatically increase the sensitivity of urinary antigen tests for infectious diseases such as Lyme disease. These findings justify controlled clinical studies evaluating the sensitivity and precision of Lyme antigen testing in urine.
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| 15. |
- Meani, F, et al.
(author)
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Investigation of the Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Peptidome for Candidate Early Detection Markers Using a Novel Nanoparticle Biomarker Capture Technology
- 2010
-
In: AAPS Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1550-7416. ; 2:4, s. 504-518
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Current efforts to identify protein biomarkers of disease use mainly mass spectrometry (MS) to analyze tissue and blood specimens. The low-molecular-weight "peptidome" is an attractive information archive because of the facile nature by which the low-molecular-weight information freely crosses the endothelial cell barrier of the vasculature, which provides opportunity to measure disease microenvironment-associated protein analytes secreted or shed into the extracellular interstitium and from there into the circulation. However, identifying useful protein biomarkers (peptidomic or not) which could be useful to detect early detection/monitoring of disease, toxicity, doping, or drug abuse has been severely hampered because even the most sophisticated, high-resolution MS technologies have lower sensitivities than those of the immunoassays technologies now routinely used in clinical practice. Identification of novel low abundance biomarkers that are indicative of early-stage events that likely exist in the sub-nanogram per milliliter concentration range of known markers, such as prostate-specific antigen, cannot be readily detected by current MS technologies. We have developed a new nanoparticle technology that can, in one step, capture, concentrate, and separate the peptidome from high-abundance blood proteins. Herein, we describe an initial pilot study whereby the peptidome content of ovarian and prostate cancer patients is investigated with this method. Differentially abundant candidate peptidome biomarkers that appear to be specific for early-stage ovarian and prostate cancer have been identified and reveal the potential utility for this new methodology
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| 16. |
- Poscia, A., et al.
(author)
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Methodological issues in the observational studies conducted in older population : a narrative review
- 2017
-
In: Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Public Health. - 2282-2305 .- 2282-0930. ; 14:2
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Well-conducted observational studies may represent valuable tools for getting insight to disease etiology, detecting the effect of age-related changes, and providing an important perspective on health risk factors and disabilities in an aging population. Nevertheless, this kind of research poses several challenges for researchers. The main aim of this narrative review was to address the potential methodological issues in performing the observational studies in the elderly, the factors that influence their participation, and the possible solutions for overcoming the barriers to research in this population.Methods: Comprehensive search for the papers published in the period from January 1st 1980 until 31st July 2016 in English or Italian was conducted through MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science electronic databases. Findings from the included papers were finally summarized.Results: In cohort studies, the following barriers were addressed: sample size calculation, ascertainment of the target population, frequency of data collection, exposure determination, multifactorial loss to follow-up (drop-outs), cognitive impairment, definition of confounders, and ethical aspects. Case-control studies were reported to be prone to the issues like ascertainment of cases and controls, willingness to participate, data accuracy, recall bias, issues related to patients' multimorbidity, and cognitive impairment.Conclusions: Important factors to consider in research in elderly people include: precise definition of the study population, well conducted recruitment process, engagement with family and home care staff, cognitive impairment assessment and the consequent relevant ethical and legal issues, relief of participant burden in order to minimize withdrawal, and engagement with the media.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Andreyev, A. N., et al.
(author)
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Signatures of the Z=82 shell closure in alpha-decay process
- 2013
-
In: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 110:24
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In recent experiments at the velocity filter Separator for Heavy Ion reaction Products (SHIP) (GSI, Darmstadt), an extended and improved set of α-decay data for more than 20 of the most neutron-deficient isotopes in the region from lead to thorium was obtained. The combined analysis of this newly available α-decay data, of which the Po186 decay is reported here, allowed us for the first time to clearly show that crossing the Z=82 shell to higher proton numbers strongly accelerates the α decay. From the experimental data, the α-particle formation probabilities are deduced following the Universal Decay Law approach. The formation probabilities are discussed in the framework of the pairing force acting among the protons and the neutrons forming the α particle. A striking resemblance between the phenomenological pairing gap deduced from experimental binding energies and the formation probabilities is noted. These findings support the conjecture that both the N=126 and Z=82 shell closures strongly influence the α-formation probability.
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| 19. |
- Assie, M., et al.
(author)
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The Giant Pairing Vibration in heavy nuclei Present status and future studies
- 2019
-
In: European Physical Journal A. - : SPRINGER. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 55:12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Giant Pairing Vibration, a two-nucleon collective mode originating from the second shell above the Fermi surface, has long been predicted and expected to be strongly populated in two-nucleon transfer reactions with cross sections similar to those of the low-lying Pairing Vibration. Recent experiments have provided evidence for this mode in C-14,C- 15 but, despite sensitive studies, it has not been definitively identified in Sn or Pb nuclei where pairing correlations are known to play a crucial role near their ground states. In this paper we review the basic theoretical concepts of this "elusive" state and the status of experimental searches in heavy nuclei. We discuss the hindrance effects due to Q-value mismatch and the use of weakly-bound projectiles as a way to overcome the limitations of the (p,t) reactions. We also discuss the role of the continuum and conclude with some possible future developments.
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| 20. |
- Fredolino, C, et al.
(author)
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Nanoparticles technology : Amplifying the effective sensitivity of biomarker detection to create a urine test for hGH
- 2009
-
In: Drug Test Analysis. - 1942-7611. ; 1:9-10, s. 447-454
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Several clinical-grade immunoassays exist for the specific measurement of hGH or its isoforms in blood but there is an urgent need to apply these same reliable assays to the measurement of hGH in urine as a preferred 'non-invasive' biofluid. Unfortunately, conventional hGH immunoassays cannot attain the sensitivity required to detect the low concentrations of hGH in urine. The lowest limit of sensitivity for existing hGH immunoassays is >50 pg/mL, while the estimated concentration of urinary hGH is about 1 pg/m-50 times lower than the sensitivity threshold. We have created novel N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm)-based hydrogel nanoparticles functionalized with an affinity bait. When introduced into an analyte-containing solution, the nanoparticles can perform, in one step, (1) complete harvesting of all solution phase target analytes, (2) full protection of the captured analyte from degradation and (3) sequestration of the analyte, effectively increasing the analyte concentration up to a hundredfold. N-isopropylacrylamide nanoparticles functionalized with Cibacron Blue F3GA bait have been applied to raise the concentration of urinary hGH into the linear range of clinical grade immunoassays. This technology now provides an opportunity to evaluate the concentration of hGH in urine with high precision and accuracy
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| 21. |
- Lundén, H., et al.
(author)
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Efficient reverse saturable absorption of sol-gel hybrid plasmonic glasses
- 2017
-
In: Optical materials (Amsterdam). - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0925-3467 .- 1873-1252. ; 69, s. 134-140
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Monolithic silica sol-gel glasses doped with platinum(II) acetylide complexes possessing respectively four or six phenylacetylene units (PE2-CH2OH and PE3-CH2OH) in combination with various concentrations of spherical and bipyramidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) known to enhance non-linear optical absorption, were prepared and polished to high optical quality. The non-linear absorption of the glasses was measured and compared to glasses doped solely with AuNPs, a platinum(II) acetylide with shorter delocalized structure, or combinations of both. At 532 nm excitation wavelength the chromophore inhibited the non-linear scattering previously found for glasses only doped with AuNPs. The measured non-linear absorption was attributed to reverse saturable absorption from the chromophore, as previously reported for PE2-CH2OH/AuNP glasses. At 600 nm strong nonlinear absorption was observed for the PE3-CH2OH/AuNPs glasses, also attributed to reverse saturable absorption. But contrary to previous findings for PE2-CH2OH/AuNPs, no distinct enhancement of the non-linear absorption for PE3-CH2OH/AuNPs was observed. A numerical population model for PE3-CH2OH was used to give a qualitative explanation of this difference. A stronger linear absorption in PE3-CH2OH would cause the highly absorbing triplet state to populate quicker during the leading edge of the laser pulse and this would in turn reduce the influence from two-photon absorption enhancement from AuNPs.
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| 22. |
- Procter, M. G., et al.
(author)
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Isomer-tagged differential-plunger measurements in Xe-113(54)
- 2013
-
In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 87:1, s. 014308-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The 278-keV M2 gamma decay from the vh(11/2) isomeric state in Xe-113 has been observed for the first time using the recoil-isomer tagging technique. The half-life of the isomer has been measured to be 6.9(3) mu s. The derived B(M2) value is in agreement with the trend of systematic measurements of M2 transition strengths in neutron-deficient tellurium and tin isotopes. The lifetime of the first excited state in the vh(11/2) band has been measured using the recoil distance Doppler-shift method. The extracted B(E2) value has been compared to theoretical CD-Bonn calculations and recent lifetime measurements in Te-109. This comparison of B(E2) values has been used to shed light on the possible influence of collective degrees of freedom on M2 transition strengths in the most neutron-deficient xenon nuclei. The vh(11/2) band is deduced to have a degree of deformation comparable with the ground-state bands of the even-mass xenon isotopes. However, the value deduced in this work indicates a loss of collective behavior when compared with the lower-mass Te-109. This result suggests that, while changes in deformation may be partly responsible for the observed trend in B(M2) values for increasing Z, other effects may also be present.
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| 23. |
- Qi, Chong, et al.
(author)
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Abrupt changes in alpha-decay systematics as a manifestation of collective nuclear modes
- 2010
-
In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 81:6, s. 064319-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An abrupt change in alpha-decay systematics around the N = 126 neutron shell closure is discussed. It is explained as a sudden hindrance of the clustering of the nucleons that eventually form the a particle. This is because the clustering induced by the pairing mode acting upon the four nucleons is inhibited if the configuration space does not allow a proper manifestation of the pairing collectivity.
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| 24. |
- Tamburro, Davide, et al.
(author)
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Multifunctional Core-Shell Nanoparticles : Discovery of Previously Invisible Biomarkers
- 2011
-
In: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 133:47, s. 19178-19188
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many low-abundance biomarkers for early detection of cancer and other diseases are invisible to mass spectrometry because they exist in body fluids in very low concentrations, are masked by high-abundance proteins such as albumin and immunoglobulins, and are very labile. To overcome these barriers, we created porous, buoyant, core-shell hydrogel nanoparticles containing novel high affinity reactive chemical baits for protein and peptide harvesting, concentration, and preservation in body fluids. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) nanoparticles were functionalized with amino-containing dyes via zero-length cross-linking amidation reactions. Nanoparticles functionalized in the core with 17 different (12 chemically novel) molecular baits showed preferential high affinities (K(D) < 10(-11) M) for specific low-abundance protein analytes. A poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-vinylsulfonic acid) shell was added to the core particles. This shell chemistry selectively prevented unwanted entry of all size peptides derived from albumin without hindering the penetration of non-albumin small proteins and peptides. Proteins and peptides entered the core to be captured with high affinity by baits immobilized in the core. Nanoparticles effectively protected interleukin-6 from enzymatic degradation in sweat and increased the effective detection sensitivity of human growth hormone in human urine using multiple reaction monitoring analysis. Used in whole blood as a one-step, in-solution preprocessing step, the nanoparticles greatly enriched the concentration of low-molecular weight proteins and peptides while excluding albumin and other proteins above 30 kDa; this achieved a 10,000-fold effective amplification of the analyte concentration, enabling mass spectrometry (MS) discovery of candidate biomarkers that were previously undetectable.
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| 25. |
- Taylor, M. J., et al.
(author)
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Competing single-particle and collective states in the low-energy structure of I-113
- 2013
-
In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 88:5, s. 054307-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To understand the low-energy structure of the neutron deficient iodine isotopes, lifetimes for the low-lying 9/2(+) and 11/2(+) positive-parity states in I-113 have been measured as tau = 28(4) ps and tau = 3.7(7) ps, respectively. The lifetime for the 11/2(-) state, which feeds the 9/2(+) and 11/2(+) states, was remeasured with improved accuracy as tau = 216(7) ps. The reduced transition probability, B(E2) = 32(5) W.u., for the 9/2(+) -> 5/2(+) transition agrees with that calculated within the shell model using a Hamiltonian based on the charge-dependent Bonn nucleon-nucleon interaction. In contrast, the much larger transition probability, B(E2) = 209(39) W.u., measured for the 11/2(+) -> 7/2(+) transition has been interpreted, with the aid of configuration-constrained total Routhian surface calculations, as resulting from a slightly gamma-soft rotor with an associated quadrupole deformation of beta(2) approximate to 0.18. Remarkably similar reduced E1 transition probabilities of 5.5(5) x 10(-4) and 4.9(5) x 10(-4) W.u. were deduced for the 11/2(-) -> 9/2(+) and 11/2(-) -> 11/2(+) transitions, respectively, which feed apparently dissimilar but competing structures.
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| 26. |
- Bhagwat, A., et al.
(author)
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Cluster emission from superheavy nuclei
- 2018
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In: European Physical Journal A. - : SPRINGER. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 54:11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The process leading to cluster emission from superheavy nuclei in the range 100 122 has been systematically investigated. This topic is of importance because it opens up the possibility of identifying superheavy elements through deposition of clusters in the detection system. In this paper we evaluate the cluster decay half lives by considering the cluster as a particle. The motion of this particle in the field induced by the daughter nucleus is determined by solving the corresponding Schrodinger equation imposing outgoing boundary conditions (Gamow state). The corresponding Wood-Saxon potential is fitted to obtain the energies provided by a mass formula that has been established recently to have a very high degree of precision. The resulting expression for the decay width is exact, i.e. no approximation besides the assumption of a preformed cluster is introduced. It is found that the heavy cluster emission probability in the superheavy region is much smaller than the corresponding a emission probability.
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| 27. |
- Chateau, Denis, et al.
(author)
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Long Distance Enhancement of Nonlinear Optical Properties Using Low Concentration of Plasmonic Nanostructures in Dye Doped Monolithic Sol-Gel Materials.
- 2016
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In: Advanced Functional Materials. - Weinheim : Wiley. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 26:33
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Monolithic sol-gel silica composites incorporating platinum-based chromophores and various types of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are prepared and polished to high optical quality. Their photophysical properties are investigated. The glass materials show well-defined localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorbance from the visible to NIR. No redshifts of the AuNP plasmon absorption peaks due to the increase in nanoparticle doping concentration are observed in the glasses, proving that no or very small SPR coupling effects occur between the AuNPs. At 600 nm excitation, but not at 532 nm, the AuNPs improve the nonlinear absorption performance of glasses codoped with 50 × 10−3 m of a Pt-acetylide chromophore. The glasses doped with lower concentrations of AuNPs (2-5 μm average distance) and 50 × 10−3 m in chromophore, show a marked improvement in nonlinear absorption, with no or only small improvement for the more highly AuNP doped glasses. This study shows the importance of excitation wavelength and nanoparticle concentration for composite systems employing AuNPs to improve two-photon absorption of chromophores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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| 28. |
- Delion, D. S., et al.
(author)
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Probing shape coexistence by alpha decays to 0(+) states
- 2014
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In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 90:6, s. 061303-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We analyze the alpha-decay fine structure to excited 0(2)(+) states in Hg and Rn isotopes. These states are described as minima in the potential energy surface (PES) provided by the standard deformed Woods-Saxon plus pairing approach. We also investigate alpha decay from the excited state P(0(2)(+)) in the parent nucleus by evaluating the corresponding hindrance factor (HF). By analyzing the experimental HF's we find the remarkable property that the ground and excited states D(0(1)(+)) and D(0(2)(+)) in the daughter nuclei are occupied with almost equal probabilities if there is no excited P(0(+)) states in the parent nucleus. Moreover, if there exists an excited state P(0(2)(+)) then the occupation probability of this state is 25%.
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| 29. |
- Delion, D. S., et al.
(author)
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Shell model plus cluster description of negative parity states in Po-212
- 2012
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In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 85:6, s. 064306-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The intraband electromagnetic transitions in Po-210 and Pb-210 are well described within the shell model approach. In contrast, similar transitions in Po-212 are one order ofmagnitude smaller than the experimental values, suggesting the existence of an alpha-cluster component in the structure of this nucleus. To probe this assumption we introduced Gaussian-like components in the single-particle orbitals. We thus obtained an enhancement of intraband transitions, as well as a proper description of the absolute alpha-decay width in Po-212. We analyzed the recently measured unnatural parity states I- in Po-212 in terms of the collective octupole excitation in Pb-208 coupled to positive parity states in Pb-210. They are connected by relatively large dipole transitions to yrast positive natural parity states. We described E1 transitions by using the same alpha-cluster component and an effective neutron dipole charge e(nu) = -eZ/A. B(E2) values and absolute alpha-decay width in Po-212 are simultaneously described within the shell model plus a cluster component depending upon one free strength parameter.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Dodig Crnkovic, Gordana, 1955, et al.
(author)
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An exact shell-model treatment of Alpha-clustering and absolute Alpha-decay
- 1989
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In: Nuclear Physics A. - 0375-9474. ; 501:3, s. 533-545
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The alpha clustering and corresponding alpha decay of 212Po is studied within the framework of a multistep shell-model method. All interactions among the four nucleons that constitute the alpha particle are included and a large single-particle representation is used.
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| 32. |
- Liotta, L. A., et al.
(author)
-
Clinical proteomics and molecular pathology
- 2017
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In: Molecular Pathology: The Molecular Basis of Human Disease. - : Elsevier Inc.. - 9780128027615 ; , s. 183-203
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Genomic and proteomic research is launching the next era of cancer molecular medicine. Molecular expression profiles can uncover clues to functionally important molecules in the development of human disease and generate information to subclassify human tumors and tailor a treatment to the individual patient. The next revolution is the synthesis of proteomic information into functional pathways and circuits in cells and tissues. Such synthesis must take into account the dynamic state of protein post-translational modifications; protein-protein or protein-DNA/RNA interactions; cross-talk between signal pathways; and feedback regulation within cells, between cells, and between tissues. This full set of information may be required before we can fully dissect the specific dysregulated pathways driving tumorigenesis. This higher level of functional understanding will be the basis for true rational therapeutic design that specifically targets the molecular lesions underlying human disease.
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| 33. |
- Liotta, Lance A., et al.
(author)
-
Clinical proteomics and molecular pathology
- 2020
-
In: Essential Concepts in Molecular Pathology. - : Elsevier BV. ; , s. 149-163
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Genomic and proteomic research is launching the next era of cancer molecular medicine. Molecular expression profiles can uncover clues to functionally important molecules in the development of human disease and generate information to subclassify human tumors and tailor a treatment to the individual patient. The next revolution is the synthesis of proteomic information into functional pathways and circuits in cells and tissues. Such synthesis must take into account the dynamic state of protein post-translational modifications; protein-protein or protein-DNA/RNA interactions; cross-talk between signal pathways; and feedback regulation within cells, between cells, and between tissues. This full set of information may be required before we can fully dissect the specific dysregulated pathways driving tumorigenesis. This higher level of functional understanding will be the basis for true rational therapeutic design that specifically targets the molecular lesions underlying human disease.
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| 34. |
- Lunden, Hampus, et al.
(author)
-
Dispersion and self-orientation of gold nanoparticles in sol-gel hybrid silica - optical transmission properties
- 2015
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In: Journal of Materials Chemistry C. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7526 .- 2050-7534. ; 3:5, s. 1026-1034
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Silica-based hybrid materials doped with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of different shapes were prepared with an adapted sol-gel technology (using MTEOS) and polished to high optical quality. Both spherical (23 and 45 nm in diameter) and bipyramidal (36, 50 and 78 nm in length) AuNPs were prepared and used as dopants. The AuNPs were functionalized with a novel silicone polymer for compatibilization with the sol-gel medium. The glass materials showed well defined localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorbance from the visible to NIR. No redshifts in the spectra, due to the increase in doping concentration, were observed in the glasses, proving that no or very small SPR coupling effects occur. Spectroscopic Muller Matrix Ellipsometry showed that the shorter bipyramidal AuNPs (36 and 50 nm in length) have a clear preferred orientation in the MTEOS matrix, i.e. a tendency to be oriented with their long axis in the plane parallel to the glass surfaces. Dispersions of AuNPs have proven to be good optical power limiters that depend on particle size and geometry. The solid-state glass materials showed good optical power limiting at 532 nm for nanosecond pulses, which did not depend on the size or geometry of the AuNPs. In contrast to the observation at 532 nm, at 600 nm no optical limiting effect was observed. In these solids, as for dispersions of AuNPs, the optical limiting response is caused by scattering.
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| 35. |
- Macchiavelli, A. O., et al.
(author)
-
"Piston" mechanism in a time-dependent two-level model
- 2021
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In: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 104:6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We analyze a recent study of the one-proton knockout reaction on N-19 in the framework of a time-dependent two-level model. Focusing on the specific case of C-18, we quantify the validity of the so-called "piston" mechanism in terms of the timescales involved in the process, namely, the reaction time, the period of oscillation between the mixed states, and the lifetime of the excited unbound state.
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| 36. |
- Procter, M. G., et al.
(author)
-
Anomalous transition strength in the proton-unbound nucleus (109)(53)I56
- 2011
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In: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 704:3, s. 118-122
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A lifetime measurement has been made for the first excited 11/2(+) state in the proton-unbound nucleus (109)(53)I56 using the recoil-distance Doppler-shift method in conjunction with recoil-proton tagging. The experimental reduced transition probability is considerably smaller than the prediction of theoretical shell-model calculations using the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential. The discrepancy between the theoretical and experimental reduced transition strengths in this work most likely arises from the inability of the current shell-model calculations to accurately account for the behavior of the unbound nuclear states.
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| 37. |
- Qi, Chong, et al.
(author)
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Nuclear clustering and generalization of the Geiger-Nuttall law 100 years after its formulation
- 2011
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In: MANY-BODY CORRELATIONS FROM DILUTE TO DENSE NUCLEAR SYSTEMS (MBC 2011). - : IOP Publishing.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The formation of clusters in nuclei is discussed and conditions to assess clusterization are formulated. By using these conditions a generalization of the Geiger-Nuttall law is deduced. This universal decay law (UDL) is a linear relation between the half-lives of the decaying clusters (including alpha particles) and the corresponding Q-values. The agreement between the UDL and available experimental data is excellent. This allows us to distinguish the role played by pairing collectivity in the clustering process.
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| 38. |
- Qi, Chong, et al.
(author)
-
On the validity of the Geiger-Nuttall alpha-decay law and its microscopic basis
- 2014
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In: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 734, s. 203-206
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Geiger-Nuttall (GN) law relates the partial alpha-decay half-life with the energy of the escaping alpha particle and contains for every isotopic chain two experimentally determined coefficients. The expression is supported by several phenomenological approaches, however its coefficients lack a fully microscopic basis. In this paper we will show that: (1) the empirical coefficients that appear in the GN law have a deep physical meaning, and (2) the GN law is successful within the restricted experimental data sets available so far, but is not valid in general. We will show that, when the dependence of logarithm values of the alpha formation probability on the neutron number is not linear or constant, the GN law is broken. For the alpha decay of neutron-deficient nucleus Po-186, the difference between the experimental half-life and that predicted by the GN law is as large as one order of magnitude.
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| 39. |
- Qi, Chong, 1983-, et al.
(author)
-
Recent developments in radioactive charged-particle emissions and related phenomena
- 2019
-
In: Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics. - : Elsevier. - 0146-6410 .- 1873-2224. ; 105, s. 214-251
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The advent and intensive use of new detector technologies as well as radioactive ion beam facilities have opened up possibilities to investigate alpha, proton and cluster decays of highly unstable nuclei. This article provides a review of the current status of our understanding of clustering and the corresponding radioactive particle decay process in atomic nuclei. We put alpha decay in the context of charged-particle emissions which also include one- and two-proton emissions as well as heavy cluster decay. The experimental as well as the theoretical advances achieved recently in these fields are presented. Emphasis is given to the recent discoveries of charged-particle decays from proton-rich nuclei around the proton drip line. Those decay measurements have shown to provide an important probe for studying the structure of the nuclei involved. Developments on the theoretical side in nuclear many-body theories and supercomputing facilities have also made substantial progress, enabling one to study the nuclear clusterization and decays within a microscopic and consistent framework. We report on properties induced by the nuclear interaction acting in the nuclear medium, like the pairing interaction, which have been uncovered by studying the microscopic structure of clusters. The competition between cluster formations as compared to the corresponding alpha-particle formation are included. In the review we also describe the search for super-heavy nuclei connected by chains of alpha and other radioactive particle decays.
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| 40. |
- Qi, Chong, 1983-, et al.
(author)
-
Suppression of alpha formation probability around the N = 126 shell closure
- 2011
-
In: Frontiers In Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics, And Reactions (FINUSTAR 3). - : AIP. - 9780735409378 ; , s. 296-300
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- alpha formation amplitudes extracted from experimental data are presented and an abrupt change around the N = 126 shell closure is noted. It is explained as a sudden hindrance of the clustering of nucleons. The clustering induced by the pairing mode acting upon the four nucleons is inhibited if the configuration space does not allow a proper manifestation of the pairing collectivity.
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| 41. |
- Qiang, Xiaoling, et al.
(author)
-
New melanocortin-like peptide of E. coli can suppress inflammation via the mammalian melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) : possible endocrine-like function for microbes of the gut.
- 2017
-
In: npj Biofilms and Microbiomes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2055-5008. ; 3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- E. coli releases a 33 amino acid peptide melanocortin-like peptide of E. coli (MECO-1) that is identical to the C-terminus of the E. coli elongation factor-G (EF-G) and has interesting similarities to two prominent mammalian melanocortin hormones, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH). Note that MECO-1 lacks HFRW, the common pharmacophore of the known mammalian melanocortin peptides. MECO-1 and the two hormones were equally effective in severely blunting release of cytokines (HMGB1 and TNF) from macrophage-like cells in response to (i) endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) or (ii) pro-inflammatory cytokine HMGB-1. The in vitro anti-inflammatoty effects of MECO-1 and of alpha-MSH were abrogated by (i) antibody against melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) and by (ii) agouti, an endogenous inverse agonist of MC1R. In vivo MECO-1 was even more potent than alpha-MSH in rescuing mice from death due to (i) lethal doses of LPS endotoxin or (ii) cecal ligation and puncture, models of sterile and infectious sepsis, respectively.
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| 42. |
- Tamburro, Davide, et al.
(author)
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Mass Spectrometry-based characterization of the vitreous phosphoproteome
- 2010
-
In: Proteomics Clinical Applications. - : Wiley. - 1862-8346. ; 4:10-11, s. 839-846
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The vitreous gel is a highly hydrated extracellular matrix containing many proteins. These proteins are likely accumulated in the vitreous by local secretion, filtration from the blood, or diffusion from the surrounding tissues and vasculature, and may be altered in disease state. In the last several years, several reports of large-scale profiling of vitreous proteins have been published; however, there is little information on the characterization of the phosphoproteome of vitreous. Here, we sought to identify phosphopeptides and their phosphorylation sites from vitreous. Experimental design: We used titanium dioxide (TiO2) to enrich phosphopeptides from vitreous and identified them by LC-MS/MS. Results: We identified 85 unique phosphopeptides and the phosphorylation sites from 44 proteins. Conclusions and clinical relevance: We present a method for characterization of phosphoproteome from vitreous samples using current MS technologies and yielded an initial assessment of the phosphoprotein/peptide content of human vitreous, thus providing important biological information toward further understanding of the post-translational modifications of vitreous proteins and their functional significance in disease.
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