| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Costa, Filipa A., et al.
(author)
-
Provision of pharmaceutical care by community pharmacists across Europe : Is it developing and spreading?
- 2017
-
In: Journal of Evaluation In Clinical Practice. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1356-1294 .- 1365-2753. ; 23:6, s. 1336-1347
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rationale, Aims, and Objectives: Pharmaceutical care involves patient-centred pharmacist activity to improve medicines management by patients. The implementation of this service in a comprehensive manner, however, requires considerable organisation and effort, and indeed, it is often not fully implemented in care settings. The main objective was to assess how pharmaceutical care provision within community pharmacy has evolved over time in Europe. Method: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey of community pharmacies, using a modified version of the Behavioural Pharmaceutical Care Scale (BPCS) was conducted in late 2012/early 2013 within 16 European countries and compared with an earlier assessment conducted in 2006. Results: The provision of comprehensive pharmaceutical care has slightly improved in all European countries that participated in both editions of this survey (n=8) with progress being made particularly in Denmark and Switzerland. Moreover, there was a wider country uptake, indicating spread of the concept. However, due to a number of limitations, the results should be interpreted with caution. Using combined data from participating countries, the provision of pharmaceutical care was positively correlated with the participation of the community pharmacists in patient-centred activities, routine use of pharmacy software with access to clinical data, participation in multidisciplinary team meetings, and having specialized education. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated a slight evolution in self-reported provision of pharmaceutical care by community pharmacists across Europe, as measured by the BPCS. The slow progress suggests a range of barriers, which are preventing pharmacists moving beyond traditional roles. Support from professional bodies and more patient-centred community pharmacy contracts, including remuneration for pharmaceutical care services, are likely to be required if quicker progress is to be made in the future.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Lundberg, IE, et al.
(author)
-
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
- 2021
-
In: Nature reviews. Disease primers. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2056-676X. ; 7:1, s. 86-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
|
|
| 6. |
- Rothwell, S, et al.
(author)
-
Focused HLA analysis in Caucasians with myositis identifies significant associations with autoantibody subgroups
- 2019
-
In: Annals of the rheumatic diseases. - : BMJ. - 1468-2060 .- 0003-4967. ; 78:7, s. 996-1002
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a spectrum of rare autoimmune diseases characterised clinically by muscle weakness and heterogeneous systemic organ involvement. The strongest genetic risk is within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Since autoantibody presence defines specific clinical subgroups of IIM, we aimed to correlate serotype and genotype, to identify novel risk variants in the MHC region that co-occur with IIM autoantibodies.MethodsWe collected available autoantibody data in our cohort of 2582 Caucasian patients with IIM. High resolution human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and corresponding amino acid sequences were imputed using SNP2HLA from existing genotyping data and tested for association with 12 autoantibody subgroups.ResultsWe report associations with eight autoantibodies reaching our study-wide significance level of p<2.9×10–5. Associations with the 8.1 ancestral haplotype were found with anti-Jo-1 (HLA-B*08:01, p=2.28×10–53 and HLA-DRB1*03:01, p=3.25×10–9), anti-PM/Scl (HLA-DQB1*02:01, p=1.47×10–26) and anti-cN1A autoantibodies (HLA-DRB1*03:01, p=1.40×10–11). Associations independent of this haplotype were found with anti-Mi-2 (HLA-DRB1*07:01, p=4.92×10–13) and anti-HMGCR autoantibodies (HLA-DRB1*11, p=5.09×10–6). Amino acid positions may be more strongly associated than classical HLA associations; for example with anti-Jo-1 autoantibodies and position 74 of HLA-DRB1 (p=3.47×10–64) and position 9 of HLA-B (p=7.03×10–11). We report novel genetic associations with HLA-DQB1 anti-TIF1 autoantibodies and identify haplotypes that may differ between adult-onset and juvenile-onset patients with these autoantibodies.ConclusionsThese findings provide new insights regarding the functional consequences of genetic polymorphisms within the MHC. As autoantibodies in IIM correlate with specific clinical features of disease, understanding genetic risk underlying development of autoantibody profiles has implications for future research.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
