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- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(author)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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- Solmi, M, et al.
(author)
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- 2022
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In: Journal of affective disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 1573-2517 .- 0165-0327. ; 299, s. 367-376
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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- Scott, J., et al.
(author)
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Prospective cohort study of early biosignatures of response to lithium in bipolar-I-disorders: overview of the H2020-funded R-LiNK initiative
- 2019
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In: International Journal of Bipolar Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2194-7511. ; 7:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Lithium is recommended as a first line treatment for bipolar disorders. However, only 30% of patients show an optimal outcome and variability in lithium response and tolerability is poorly understood. It remains difficult for clinicians to reliably predict which patients will benefit without recourse to a lengthy treatment trial. Greater precision in the early identification of individuals who are likely to respond to lithium is a significant unmet clinical need. Structure The H2020-funded Response to Lithium Network (R-LiNK; ) will undertake a prospective cohort study of over 300 individuals with bipolar-I-disorder who have agreed to commence a trial of lithium treatment following a recommendation by their treating clinician. The study aims to examine the early prediction of lithium response, non-response and tolerability by combining systematic clinical syndrome subtyping with examination of multi-modal biomarkers (or biosignatures), including omics, neuroimaging, and actigraphy, etc. Individuals will be followed up for 24 months and an independent panel will assess and classify each participants' response to lithium according to predefined criteria that consider evidence of relapse, recurrence, remission, changes in illness activity or treatment failure (e.g. stopping lithium; new prescriptions of other mood stabilizers) and exposure to lithium. Novel elements of this study include the recruitment of a large, multinational, clinically representative sample specifically for the purpose of studying candidate biomarkers and biosignatures; the application of lithium-7 magnetic resonance imaging to explore the distribution of lithium in the brain; development of a digital phenotype (using actigraphy and ecological momentary assessment) to monitor daily variability in symptoms; and economic modelling of the cost-effectiveness of introducing biomarker tests for the customisation of lithium treatment into clinical practice. Also, study participants with sub-optimal medication adherence will be offered brief interventions (which can be delivered via a clinician or smartphone app) to enhance treatment engagement and to minimize confounding of lithium non-response with non-adherence. Conclusions The paper outlines the rationale, design and methodology of the first study being undertaken by the newly established R-LiNK collaboration and describes how the project may help to refine the clinical response phenotype and could translate into the personalization of lithium treatment.
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- Terlouw, Luke G., et al.
(author)
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European guidelines on chronic mesenteric ischaemia : joint United European Gastroenterology, European Association for Gastroenterology, Endoscopy and Nutrition, European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology, Netherlands Association of Hepatogastroenterologists, Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology, Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe, and Dutch Mesenteric Ischemia Study group clinical guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic mesenteric ischaemia
- 2020
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In: United European Gastroenterology Journal. - : Wiley. - 2050-6406 .- 2050-6414. ; 8:4, s. 371-395
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chronic mesenteric ischaemia is a severe and incapacitating disease, causing complaints of post-prandial pain, fear of eating and weight loss. Even though chronic mesenteric ischaemia may progress to acute mesenteric ischaemia, chronic mesenteric ischaemia remains an underappreciated and undertreated disease entity. Probable explanations are the lack of knowledge and awareness among physicians and the lack of a gold standard diagnostic test. The underappreciation of this disease results in diagnostic delays, underdiagnosis and undertreating of patients with chronic mesenteric ischaemia, potentially resulting in fatal acute mesenteric ischaemia. This guideline provides a comprehensive overview and repository of the current evidence and multidisciplinary expert agreement on pertinent issues regarding diagnosis and treatment, and provides guidance in the multidisciplinary field of chronic mesenteric ischaemia.
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- Ciogli, Leonardo, et al.
(author)
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Highly Sensitive Hydrogen Peroxide Biosensor Based on Tobacco Peroxidase Immobilized on p-Phenylenediamine Diazonium Cation Grafted Carbon Nanotubes : Preventing Fenton-like Inactivation at Negative Potential
- 2021
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In: ChemElectroChem. - : Wiley. - 2196-0216. ; 8:13, s. 2495-2504
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Herein, we present a novel electrode platform for H2O2 detection based on the immobilization of recombinant Tobacco Peroxidase (r-TOP) onto graphite electrodes (G) modified with p-phenylenediamine (p-PD) diazonium cation grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The employment of both p-phenylenediamine moieties and covalent cross-linking by using glutaraldehyde allowed us to enhance the sensitivity, stability, and selectivity toward H2O2 detection, as well as preventing enzyme inactivation due to the electro-Fenton reaction. This reaction continuously produces hydroxyl radicals, whose high and unselective reactivity is likely to reduce drastically the operating life of the biosensor. The protection against the electro-Fenton reaction is mainly ascribed to a beneficial enzyme immobilization leading to a correct orientation achieved through cross-linking the enzyme in combination with interaction between the uncoupled -NH2 groups (mainly uncharged at pH 7, considering a pKa of 4.6) available on the electrode surface and the enzyme. In particular, the electrode based on the r-TOP/p-PD/MWCNTs/G platform showed a lower limit of detection of 1.8 μM H2O2, an extended linear range between 6 and 900 μM H2O2, as well as a significant increase in sensitivity (63.1±0.1 μA mM−1 cm−2) compared with previous work based on TOP. Finally, the r-TOP/p-PD/MWCNTs/G electrode was tested in several H2O2 spiked food samples as a screening analytical method for the detection of H2O2.
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- Karlsson, Maths, 1978, et al.
(author)
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Neutron Reflectivity in Corrosion Research on Metals
- 2024
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In: ACS Materials Au. - 2694-2461. ; 4:4, s. 346-353
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Neutron reflectivity (NR) is potentially a powerful tool for characterizing chemical and morphological changes in thin films and at buried interfaces in corrosion science. While the scope of NR is limited by its inherent demands for low surface roughness and high sample planarity, these drawbacks are compensated for by the unique ability to detect light elements and distinguish between isotopes. Furthermore, the generally weak absorption of neutrons by matter allows the use of bulky sample environments and in situ experiments. In particular, the layer thickness range of 3-100 nm accessible by NR is appropriate for studying air-formed films and passive films, which are crucial for the ability of metallic materials to resist corrosion, as well as for investigating the interaction of metal surfaces with hydrogen and its compounds, e.g., water. Also, NR is suitable for studying early stages of oxide growth on metals at high temperature, including the transition from Cabrera-Mott-type films to Wagner-type growth. Here, we outline key characteristics of NR as applied to the study of corrosion of metals, exemplified by earlier work, and discuss perspectives for future work in the field. The aim of our work is to stimulate the application of the unique capabilities of NR to corrosion science.
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- Mazzei, Laura, 1988, et al.
(author)
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Phonon spectra of pure and acceptor doped BaZrO3 investigated with visible and UV Raman spectroscopy
- 2020
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In: Journal of Physics Condensed Matter. - 0953-8984 .- 1361-648X. ; 32:40
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report results from visible and UV Raman spectroscopy studies of the phonon spectra of a polycrystalline sample of the prototypical perovskite type oxide BaZrO3 and a 500 nm thick film of its Y-doped, proton conducting, counterpart BaZr0.8Y0.2O2.9. Analysis of the Raman spectra measured using different excitation energies (between 3.44 eV and 5.17 eV) reveals the activation of strong resonance Raman effects involving all lattice vibrational modes. Specifically, two characteristic energies were identified for BaZrO3, one around 5 eV and one at higher energy, respectively, and one for BaZr0.8Y0.2O2.9, above 5 eV. Apart from the large difference in spectral intensity between the non-resonant and resonant conditions, the spectra are overall similar to each other, suggesting that the vibrational spectra of the perovskites are stable when investigated using an UV laser as excitation source. These results encourage further use of UV Raman spectroscopy as a novel approach for the study of lattice vibrational dynamics and local structure in proton conducting perovskites, and open up for, e.g., time-resolved experiments on thin films targeted at understanding the role of lattice vibrations in proton transport in these kinds of materials.
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- Perrichon, Adrien, 1988, et al.
(author)
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Local structure and vibrational dynamics of proton conducting Ba2In2O5(H2O)x
- 2019
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In: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 7:29, s. 17626-17636
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We study the local structure and vibrational dynamics of the brownmillerite-based proton conductors Ba2In2O5(H2O)x, with x = 0.30, 0.76, and 0.92, using infrared spectroscopy, inelastic neutron scattering and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Ba2In2O5(H2O)x is found to exhibit two main types of proton sites, H(1) and H(2). The H(1) site is characterised by the coexistence of two intra-octahedral hydrogen-bond geometries, whereas the H(2) site is characterised by inter-octahedral hydrogen bonding. While the strength of the hydrogen bonding is similar for the majority of protons in the two proton sites, ≈10% of the H(2) protons forms unusually strong hydrogen bonds due to local proton environments characterised by an unusually short oxygen-oxygen separation distance of ≈2.6 Å. These local proton environments are manifested as two O-H stretch bands in the infrared absorbance spectra, at 255 and 290 meV, respectively. These O-H stretch bands are as well observed in the related class of In-doped perovskite-type oxides, BaInyZr1-yO3-y/2 (0.25 ≤ y ≤ 0.75), suggesting that these perovskites may display brownmillerite-like distortions on a local length scale. In effect, these results point towards a clustering of the In atoms in these perovskite materials. Further, the infrared spectra of Ba2In2O5(H2O)x show a minor evolution as a function of x, because the protons tend to segregate into oxygen-rich hydrogen-rich domains upon dehydration. This points towards a highly anisotropic proton conduction mechanism in partially hydrated phases. This insight motivates efforts to identify ways to avoid phase separation, perhaps by suitable cation substitutions, as a route to accommodate high proton conductivity.
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- Solmi, Marco, et al.
(author)
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Physical and mental health impact of COVID-19 on children, adolescents, and their families :
- 2022
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In: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : Elsevier. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 299, s. 367-376
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has altered daily routines and family functioning, led to closing schools, and dramatically limited social interactions worldwide. Measuring its impact on mental health of vulnerable children and adolescents is crucial. Methods: The Collaborative Outcomes study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times (COH-FIT - www. coh-fit.com) is an on-line anonymous survey, available in 30 languages, involving >230 investigators from 49 countries supported by national/international professional associations. COH-FIT has thee waves (until the pandemic is declared over by the WHO, and 6-18 months plus 24-36 months after its end). In addition to adults, COH-FIT also includes adolescents (age 14-17 years), and children (age 6-13 years), recruited via nonprobability/snowball and representative sampling and assessed via self-rating and parental rating. Nonmodifiable/modifiable risk factors/treatment targets to inform prevention/intervention programs to promote health and prevent mental and physical illness in children and adolescents will be generated by COH-FIT. Co primary outcomes are changes in well-being (WHO-5) and a composite psychopathology P-Score. Multiple behavioral, family, coping strategy and service utilization factors are also assessed, including functioning and quality of life. Results: Up to June 2021, over 13,000 children and adolescents from 59 countries have participated in the COHFIT project, with representative samples from eleven countries. Limitations: Cross-sectional and anonymous design. Conclusions: Evidence generated by COH-FIT will provide an international estimate of the COVID-19 effect on childrens, adolescents and families, mental and physical health, well-being, functioning and quality of life, informing the formulation of present and future evidence-based interventions and policies to minimize adverse effects of the present and future pandemics on youth.
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- Solmi, Marco, et al.
(author)
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The collaborative outcomes study on health and functioning during infection times in adults (COH-FIT-Adults) : Design and methods of an international online survey targeting physical and mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic
- 2022
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In: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : Elsevier. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 299, s. 393-407
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: . High-quality comprehensive data on short-/long-term physical/mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are needed. Methods: . The Collaborative Outcomes study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times (COH-FIT) is an international, multi-language (n=30) project involving >230 investigators from 49 countries/territories/regions, endorsed by national/international professional associations. COH-FIT is a multi-wave, on-line anonymous, cross-sectional survey [wave 1: 04/2020 until the end of the pandemic, 12 months waves 2/3 starting 6/24 months threreafter] for adults, adolescents (14-17), and children (6-13), utilizing non-probability/snowball and representative sampling. COH-FIT aims to identify non-modifiable/modifiable risk factors/treatment targets to inform prevention/intervention programs to improve social/health outcomes in the general population/vulnerable subgrous during/after COVID-19. In adults, co-primary outcomes are change from pre-COVID-19 to intra-COVID-19 in well-being (WHO-5) and a composite psychopathology P-Score. Key secondary outcomes are a P-extended score, global mental and physical health. Secondary outcomes include health-service utilization/ functioning, treatment adherence, functioning, symptoms/behaviors/emotions, substance use, violence, among others. Results: . Starting 04/26/2020, up to 14/07/2021 >151,000 people from 155 countries/territories/regions and six continents have participated. Representative samples of >= 1,000 adults have been collected in 15 countries. Overall, 43.0% had prior physical disorders, 16.3% had prior mental disorders, 26.5% were health care workers, 8.2% were aged >= 65 years, 19.3% were exposed to someone infected with COVID-19, 76.1% had been in quarantine, and 2.1% had been COVID 19-positive. Limitations: . Cross-sectional survey, preponderance of non-representative participants. Conclusions: . Results from COH-FIT will comprehensively quantify the impact of COVID-19, seeking to identify high-risk groups in need for acute and long-term intervention, and inform evidence-based health policies/strategies during this/future pandemics.
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- Solmi, Marco, et al.
(author)
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Validation of the Collaborative Outcomes study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times (COH-FIT) questionnaire for adults
- 2023
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In: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : ELSEVIER. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 326, s. 249-261
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The Collaborative Outcome study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times (COH-FIT; www.coh-fit.com) is an anonymous and global online survey measuring health and functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to test concurrently the validity of COH-FIT items and the in-ternal validity of the co-primary outcome, a composite psychopathology "P-score". Methods: The COH-FIT survey has been translated into 30 languages (two blind forward-translations, consensus, one independent English back-translation, final harmonization). To measure mental health, 1-4 items ("COH-FIT items") were extracted from validated questionnaires (e.g. Patient Health Questionnaire 9). COH-FIT items measured anxiety, depressive, post-traumatic, obsessive-compulsive, bipolar and psychotic symptoms, as well as stress, sleep and concentration. COH-FIT Items which correlated r >= 0.5 with validated companion question-naires, were initially retained. A P-score factor structure was then identified from these items using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) on data split into training and validation sets. Consistency of results across languages, gender and age was assessed. Results: From >150,000 adult responses by May 6th, 2022, a subset of 22,456 completed both COH-FIT items and validated questionnaires. Concurrent validity was consistently demonstrated across different languages for COH-FIT items. CFA confirmed EFA results of five first-order factors (anxiety, depression, post-traumatic, psychotic, psychophysiologic symptoms) and revealed a single second-order factor P-score, with high internal reliability (omega = 0.95). Factor structure was consistent across age and sex. Conclusions: COH-FIT is a valid instrument to globally measure mental health during infection times. The P-score is a valid measure of multidimensional mental health.
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