| 1. |
- Frennesson, Nessie Felicia, et al.
(author)
-
Analyzing Questions About Alcohol in Pregnancy Using Web-Based Forum Topics : Qualitative Content Analysis
- 2024
-
In: JMIR Infodemiology. - 2564-1891. ; 4:2024
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background:Prenatal alcohol exposure represents a substantial public health concern as it may lead to detrimental outcomes, including pregnancy complications and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Although UK national guidance recommends abstaining from alcohol if pregnant or planning a pregnancy, evidence suggests that confusion remains on this topic among members of the public, and little is known about what questions people have about consumption of alcohol in pregnancy outside of health care settings.Objective:This study aims to assess what questions and topics are raised on alcohol in pregnancy on a web-based UK-based parenting forum and how these correspond to official public health guidelines with respect to 2 critical events: the implementation of the revised UK Chief Medical Officers’ (CMO) low-risk drinking guidelines (2016) and the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown (2020).Methods:All thread starts mentioning alcohol in the “Pregnancy” forum were collected from Mumsnet for the period 2002 to 2022 and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the number and proportion of thread starts for each topic over the whole study period and for the periods corresponding to the change in CMO guidance and the COVID-19 pandemic.Results:A total of 395 thread starts were analyzed, and key topics included “Asking for advice on whether it is safe to consume alcohol” or on “safe limits” and concerns about having consumed alcohol before being aware of a pregnancy. In addition, the Mumsnet thread starts included discussions and information seeking on “Research, guidelines, and official information about alcohol in pregnancy.” Topics discussed on Mumsnet regarding alcohol in pregnancy remained broadly similar between 2002 and 2022, although thread starts disclosing prenatal alcohol use were more common before the introduction of the revised CMO guidance than in later periods.Conclusions:Web-based discussions within a UK parenting forum indicated that users were often unclear on guidance and risks associated with prenatal alcohol use and that they used this platform to seek information and reassurance from peers.
|
|
| 2. |
- Merouani, Youssouf, et al.
(author)
-
Gender and the long-run development process. A survey of the literature
- 2022
-
In: European Review of Economic History. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1474-0044 .- 1361-4916. ; 26:4, s. 612-641
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Why do certain countries display high gender equalities while others display low gender equalities? To what extent does gender equality foster economic growth and development? The past decade has witnessed a boom and increasing literature about the role played by women and gender in long-run economic development. The increasing awareness of economics and economic history have contributed to improve our understanding of the crucial role played by women in the process of economic development. This paper reviews the literature on the topic and opens the discussion on current challenges and avenues for future research.
|
|
| 3. |
- Merouani, Youssouf, et al.
(author)
-
Surviving on the island: linking firm survival and contextual factors in a peripheral region
- 2023
-
In: Contextual Embeddedness of Entrepreneurship : Frontiers in European Entrepreneurship Research Frontiers in European Entrepreneurship series - Frontiers in European Entrepreneurship Research Frontiers in European Entrepreneurship series. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781035320677 - 9781035320684 ; , s. 12-31
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The lion’s share of entrepreneurship research highlights conditions in core regions, while entrepreneurship in peripheral areas has been less studied. This longitudinal study aims at exploring the interplay between the peripheral contexts of island and archipelago communities and firm outcomes - paying special attention to spatial variations and non-linear temporal dimensions. We focus on the survival of all firms active on 17 islands in the Stockholm archipelago, Sweden during a 20-year period (2000-2019). Using longitudinal multilevel modelling, we find that - despite being a seemingly ‘homogeneous’ place - spatial and temporal variations, however small, would have substantial effects on the conditions for everyday entrepreneurship in these communities. Our results show that firms located on islands with higher population density and seasonal dependability face increased probabilities of exit, while access to digital ecosystems, local services in the form of kindergartens, and year-round grocery stores decrease the probabilities of exit. Islands with thicker institutional context, indicating trust and community support, lead to higher survival rates.
|
|
| 4. |
- Merouani, Youssouf, et al.
(author)
-
What does it take to survive on an island? : The relationship between firm survival and contextual factors in a peripheral region
- 2021
-
In: On conference web site.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A lion's share of entrepreneurship research highlights conditions on core-regions, while entrepreneurship in peripheral areas has been less studied. This study aims at exploring the interplay between the context of island and archipelago communities and firm outcomes – paying special attention to spatial variations and non-linear temporal dimensions. Our focus lies in firms founded in 17 islands of Stockholm Archipelago, from the beginning of 2000 to the end of 2019. Using longitudinal multilevel modelling, we find that — despite a seemingly ’homogeneous’ place — spatial and temporal variations, however small, would have substantial effects on the conditions for entrepreneurship in these communities. Our results show that firms located in islands with higher population density and seasonal dependability face increased probabilities of exit while those in islands with access to digital ecosystems, local services in the form of kindergartens and year-round grocery stores have decreased probabilities of exit. Islands with thicker institutional context, indicating trust and community support, are related to increasing survival rates. Distance to market was found to be insignificant in terms of survival.
|
|
| 5. |
- Merouani, Youssouf, et al.
(author)
-
Women Inventors: : On the Origins of the Gender Patenting Gap
- 2024
-
Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The gender patenting gap is well-established and is wide. Despite important progress made over the past decades, the gap remains. Why are women underrepresented in patenting activities? What are the roots of the gender patenting gap? How did the gap evolve since the ‘modern’ patenting system was established? Our knowledge of women’s contribution to innovative activities in the past is extremely scarce. We build an original dataset covering the entirety of French patents to investigate the extent to which women patented relative to men in France during the long nineteenth century and explores the factors behind the historical gender patenting gap. We find that despite the absence of scientific and technical education opportunities for women and the presence of institutional barriers, women, including those who were married, took an active part in the innovation process. The empirical analysis conducted in the paper suggests that explanations of the origins and persistence of the gender patenting gap have to be found outside of the patent system itself.
|
|
| 6. |
- Rytkönen, Paulina, 1961-, et al.
(author)
-
Small Island Societies, Livelihoods, Challenges and Opportunities duringthe Covid-19 Pandemic in Sweden
- 2022
-
In: AGER: Journal of Depopulation and Rural Development Studies. - Zaragoza : Universidad de Zaragoza. - 1578-7168 .- 2340-4655. ; :36, s. 131-158
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Covid-19 increased the social and economic vulnerability of island societies. Swedishislands are key tourism destinations but are also home to many island residents. Previous studies have highlighted the impact of Covid-19 on core areas, but our knowledge of its impact on island communities is lacking. We use phenomenology to analyse how communities in small Swedish islands perceive the impact ofCovid-19. We use institutional theory and the concepts of social capital and accessibility in the analysis.Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus groups with islanders and representatives of local organizations on sampled islands. Pandemic regulations affected island communities differently.Authorities and shipping companies strove to discourage people from visiting islands. This affected tourismnegatively in some islands, whereas tourism increased in others. Informal institutions established a basis forgood community relations; enabled the mobilization of social capital, especially given action by local agentswho were endorsed by the community. Cooperation was a key to reducing negative impact. Accessibilityincreased on islands with well-developed and expanded IT-infrastructure that enabled holiday homeownersto work from their holiday islands. This helped create a sustained positive economic trend for grocery storesand the construction industry
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Rytkönen, Paulina, 1961-, et al.
(author)
-
Ö- och skärgårdsturism under pandemin : Halvtidsrapport
- 2021
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna rapport bygger på resultatet från intervjuer och fokusgrupper som genomförts inom ramen för ett forskningsprojekt som syftar till att undersöka hur den pågående Coronapandemin påverkat besöksnäringen på öar och i skärgårdar i Sverige.
|
|
| 9. |
- Rytkönen, Paulina, 1961-, et al.
(author)
-
Ö- och skärgårdsturism under pandemin : Slutrapport
- 2022
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Ö-samhällen kan rimligtvis antas vara extra sårbara för extern påverkan, inte minst av en sådan chock som utgjorts av Covid-19-pandemin. Denna rapport bygger på undersökningar som genomförts inom projektet Ö- och skärgårdsturism under pandemin, och innefattar bland annat fokusgrupper och intervjuer med företagare och representanter från en mängd svenska ö- och skärgårdsföreningar.
|
|
