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Search: WFRF:(Meyer Hans Juergen)

  • Result 1-4 of 4
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1.
  • Klionsky, Daniel J., et al. (author)
  • Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
  • 2012
  • In: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
  • Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
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2.
  • Smith, Jennifer A, et al. (author)
  • Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment
  • 2016
  • In: Nature (London). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 533:7604, s. 539-542
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Educational attainment is strongly influenced by social and other environmental factors, but genetic factors are estimated to account for at least 20% of the variation across individuals. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for educational attainment that extends our earlier discovery sample of 101,069 individuals to 293,723 individuals, and a replication study in an independent sample of 111,349 individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify 74 genome-wide significant loci associated with the number of years of schooling completed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with educational attainment are disproportionately found in genomic regions regulating gene expression in the fetal brain. Candidate genes are preferentially expressed in neural tissue, especially during the prenatal period, and enriched for biological pathways involved in neural development. Our findings demonstrate that, even for a behavioural phenotype that is mostly environmentally determined, a well-powered GWAS identifies replicable associated genetic variants that suggest biologically relevant pathways. Because educational attainment is measured in large numbers of individuals, it will continue to be useful as a proxy phenotype in efforts to characterize the genetic influences of related phenotypes, including cognition and neuropsychiatric diseases.
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3.
  • Chen, Zheng, et al. (author)
  • Increased photocurrent of CuWO4 photoanodes by modification with the oxide carbodiimide Sn2O(NCN)
  • 2020
  • In: Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-9226 .- 1477-9234. ; 49:11, s. 3450-3456
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Tin(ii) oxide carbodiimide is a novel prospective semiconductor material with a band gap of 2.1 eV and lies chemically between metal oxides and metal carbodiimides. We report on the photochemical properties of this oxide carbodiimide and apply the material to form a heterojunction with CuWO4 thin films for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation. Mott-Schottky experiments reveal that the title compound is an n-type semiconductor with a flat-band potential of -0.03 V and, as such, the position of the valence band edge would be suitable for photochemical water oxidation. Sn2O(NCN) increases the photocurrent of CuWO4 thin films from 32 mu A cm(-2) to 59 mu A cm(-2) at 1.23 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) under backlight AM 1.5G illumination. This upsurge in photocurrent originates in a synergistic effect between the oxide and oxide carbodiimide, because the heterojunction photoanode displays a higher current density than the sum of its individual components. Structural analysis by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) reveals that Sn2O(NCN) forms a core-shell structure Sn2O(NCN)@SnPOx during the PEC water oxidation in phosphate buffer. The electrochemical activation is similar to the behavior of Mn(NCN) but different from Co(NCN).
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4.
  • Kirchhof, Paulus, et al. (author)
  • Comprehensive risk reduction in patients with atrial fibrillation : emerging diagnostic and therapeutic options - a report from the 3rd Atrial Fibrillation Competence NETwork/European Heart Rhythm Association consensus conference
  • 2012
  • In: Europace. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1099-5129 .- 1532-2092. ; 14:1, s. 8-27
  • Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • While management of atrial fibrillation (AF) patients is improved by guideline-conform application of anticoagulant therapy, rate control, rhythm control, and therapy of accompanying heart disease, the morbidity and mortality associated with AF remain unacceptably high. This paper describes the proceedings of the 3rd Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET)/European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus conference that convened over 60 scientists and representatives from industry to jointly discuss emerging therapeutic and diagnostic improvements to achieve better management of AF patients. The paper covers four chapters: (i) risk factors and risk markers for AF; (ii) pathophysiological classification of AF; (iii) relevance of monitored AF duration for AF-related outcomes; and (iv) perspectives and needs for implementing better antithrombotic therapy. Relevant published literature for each section is covered, and suggestions for the improvement of management in each area are put forward. Combined, the propositions formulate a perspective to implement comprehensive management in AF.
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  • Result 1-4 of 4
Type of publication
journal article (2)
research review (2)
Type of content
peer-reviewed (4)
Author/Editor
Slabon, Adam (1)
Chen, Jianhong (1)
Franke, Barbara (1)
Wang, Jin (1)
Wang, Mei (1)
Jacobsson, Bo, 1960 (1)
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Salomaa, Veikko (1)
Perola, Markus (1)
Strålfors, Peter (1)
Kominami, Eiki (1)
Salvesen, Guy (1)
Johannesson, Magnus (1)
Bonaldo, Paolo (1)
Davey Smith, George (1)
Minucci, Saverio (1)
Campbell, Harry (1)
Rudan, Igor (1)
Staessen, Jan A (1)
Deloukas, Panos (1)
De Milito, Angelo (1)
Lobban, Trudie (1)
Lindgren, Karl-Oskar (1)
Agholme, Lotta (1)
Kågedal, Katarina (1)
Durbeej-Hjalt, Madel ... (1)
Liu, Wei (1)
Clarke, Robert (1)
Pendleton, Neil (1)
Lichtenstein, Paul (1)
Kumar, Ashok (1)
Koellinger, Philipp ... (1)
Oskarsson, Sven (1)
Ahluwalia, Tarunveer ... (1)
Waage, Johannes (1)
Amin, Najaf (1)
van Duijn, Cornelia ... (1)
Magnusson, Patrik K ... (1)
Pedersen, Nancy L (1)
Zhao, Wei (1)
Goette, Andreas (1)
Kähönen, Mika (1)
Lehtimäki, Terho (1)
Lee, James J. (1)
Latvala, Antti (1)
Brest, Patrick (1)
Simon, Hans-Uwe (1)
Mograbi, Baharia (1)
Thorleifsson, Gudmar (1)
Thorsteinsdottir, Un ... (1)
Stefansson, Kari (1)
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University
Karolinska Institutet (3)
University of Gothenburg (2)
Uppsala University (2)
Stockholm University (1)
Linköping University (1)
Lund University (1)
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Stockholm School of Economics (1)
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (1)
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Language
English (4)
Research subject (UKÄ/SCB)
Natural sciences (3)
Medical and Health Sciences (2)

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