| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Glasbey, JC, et al.
(author)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 4. |
- Thomas, HS, et al.
(author)
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- 2019
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Drake, TM, et al.
(author)
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Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in children: an international, multicentre, prospective cohort study
- 2020
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In: BMJ global health. - : BMJ. - 2059-7908. ; 5:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). However, there is a lack of data available about SSI in children worldwide, especially from low-income and middle-income countries. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of SSI in children and associations between SSI and morbidity across human development settings.MethodsA multicentre, international, prospective, validated cohort study of children aged under 16 years undergoing clean-contaminated, contaminated or dirty gastrointestinal surgery. Any hospital in the world providing paediatric surgery was eligible to contribute data between January and July 2016. The primary outcome was the incidence of SSI by 30 days. Relationships between explanatory variables and SSI were examined using multilevel logistic regression. Countries were stratified into high development, middle development and low development groups using the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI).ResultsOf 1159 children across 181 hospitals in 51 countries, 523 (45·1%) children were from high HDI, 397 (34·2%) from middle HDI and 239 (20·6%) from low HDI countries. The 30-day SSI rate was 6.3% (33/523) in high HDI, 12·8% (51/397) in middle HDI and 24·7% (59/239) in low HDI countries. SSI was associated with higher incidence of 30-day mortality, intervention, organ-space infection and other HAIs, with the highest rates seen in low HDI countries. Median length of stay in patients who had an SSI was longer (7.0 days), compared with 3.0 days in patients who did not have an SSI. Use of laparoscopy was associated with significantly lower SSI rates, even after accounting for HDI.ConclusionThe odds of SSI in children is nearly four times greater in low HDI compared with high HDI countries. Policies to reduce SSI should be prioritised as part of the wider global agenda.
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| 8. |
- Abbafati, Cristiana, et al.
(author)
-
- 2020
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 9. |
- Joshi, Peter K, et al.
(author)
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Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations
- 2015
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 523:7561, s. 459-462
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Homozygosity has long been associated with rare, often devastating, Mendelian disorders, and Darwin was one of the first to recognize that inbreeding reduces evolutionary fitness. However, the effect of the more distant parental relatedness that is common in modern human populations is less well understood. Genomic data now allow us to investigate the effects of homozygosity on traits of public health importance by observing contiguous homozygous segments (runs of homozygosity), which are inferred to be homozygous along their complete length. Given the low levels of genome-wide homozygosity prevalent in most human populations, information is required on very large numbers of people to provide sufficient power. Here we use runs of homozygosity to study 16 health-related quantitative traits in 354,224 individuals from 102 cohorts, and find statistically significant associations between summed runs of homozygosity and four complex traits: height, forced expiratory lung volume in one second, general cognitive ability and educational attainment (P < 1 × 10(-300), 2.1 × 10(-6), 2.5 × 10(-10) and 1.8 × 10(-10), respectively). In each case, increased homozygosity was associated with decreased trait value, equivalent to the offspring of first cousins being 1.2 cm shorter and having 10 months' less education. Similar effect sizes were found across four continental groups and populations with different degrees of genome-wide homozygosity, providing evidence that homozygosity, rather than confounding, directly contributes to phenotypic variance. Contrary to earlier reports in substantially smaller samples, no evidence was seen of an influence of genome-wide homozygosity on blood pressure and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, or ten other cardio-metabolic traits. Since directional dominance is predicted for traits under directional evolutionary selection, this study provides evidence that increased stature and cognitive function have been positively selected in human evolution, whereas many important risk factors for late-onset complex diseases may not have been.
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| 10. |
- Zaidi, S., et al.
(author)
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Efficacy of complementary therapies in the quality of life of breast cancer survivors
- 2018
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In: Frontiers in Oncology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2234-943X. ; 7:JAN
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer diagnosed in women and the second most common cancer overall, ranking as the fifth cause of death from cancer. The chronicity of the disease produces long-term physiological and psychological manifestations, which adversely affect the quality of life of the individual. The primary treatment while managing cancer presents with various debilitating side effects. With the recent advances in treatment techniques that have improved the survival rate, patients suffer from continuing posttreatment complications. Patients seem to cope well with the stress of treatment of BC and sustain a normal life; however, the deterioration in physical well-being makes the patient functionally inefficient. Exercise has been proven to be an effective, safe, and feasible tool in combating the adverse effects of treatment, prevents complications and decreases the risk of BC-specific mortality. This review briefly presents an overview of the burden of the disease and its management strategies. Owing to the heterogeneity of the population and the multitude of therapies they receive, the response of each patient to treatment is different and so is the magnitude of adverse effects. The review discusses the late sequelae following treatment and evidence supporting the role of physical activity in their management. In conclusion, there is a need for personalized physical activity plans to be developed to suit the individual and their circumstances. © 2018 Zaidi, Hussain, Verma, Veqar, Khan, Nazir, Singh, Moiz, Tanwar, Srivastava, Rath and Mehrotra.
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| 11. |
- Iqbal, Z., et al.
(author)
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Photocatalytic degradation of dyes in aqueous media by gum shellac stabilized selenium nanoparticles
- 2023
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In: Zeitschrift Fur Physikalische Chemie-International Journal of Research in Physical Chemistry & Chemical Physics. - 0942-9352. ; 237:8, s. 1139-1152
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present work outlines the successful synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) stabilized with gum shellac (GS) and their use as photocatalyst for the enhanced degradation of dyes. Se NPs were synthesized by a simple and cost effective chemical reduction method using selenious acid, GS and sodium borohydride. Gum shellac was used as stabilizing agent. The orange red gum shellac-selenium nanoparticles (GS-Se NPs) were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The morphology of these particles appeared to be uniform and spherical as observed in SEM images. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic profile showed the presence of elemental selenium, carbon and oxygen. The synthesized GS-Se NPs were investigated for their photo-catalytic efficiency towards degradation of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) dye in aqueous media. Absorbance was measured at ?(max) 665 nm and 455 nm for MB and MO, respectively. Maximum degradation of MB in-comparison with MO obtained at 50 mg/L were 81.72 % and 71.42 % respectively. A very slow degradation rate was observed for the MO and MB in the absence of synthesized photocatalyst whereas greater percentage degradation was observed for the GS-Se NPs.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- van der Spek, M., et al.
(author)
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Uncertainty analysis in the techno-economic assessment of CO2 capture and storage technologies. Critical review and guidelines for use
- 2020
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In: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control. - : Elsevier BV. - 1750-5836 .- 1878-0148. ; 100
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Uncertainty analysis is a key element of sound techno-economic analysis (TEA) of CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies and systems, and in the communication of TEA results. Many CCS technologies are relatively novel, with only few large-scale projects constructed and in operation to date. Therefore, uncertainties in technology performance and costs are often substantial, making it imperative that they be characterized and reported. Although uncertainty analysis itself is not novel, with some methods already frequently used by the CCS TEA community, a document that provides a comprehensive overview of methods and approaches, as well as guidance on their selection and use, is still lacking. Given its importance, we seek to fill this gap by providing a critical review of uncertainty analysis methods along with guidance on the selection and use of these methods for CCS TEAs, highlighting good practice and examples from the CCS literature. The paper starts by identifying the different audiences for CCS TEAs, the different modelling approaches available for CCS technology performance and cost analysis, and the different roles that uncertainty analysis may play. It then continues to discuss established, as well as emerging, uncertainty analysis methods and addresses how and when each method is best used, as well as common pitfalls. We argue that the most commonly used method of one-parameter-at-a-time ‘local’ sensitivity analysis may often be a suboptimal choice, and that other approaches may be more suitable or lead to more insight, especially since uncertainty analysis software is becoming more widespread and easier to use. Finally, the paper discusses the benefits of advanced uses of uncertainty analysis in, for instance, the design of CCS experiments or in the design and planning of CCS infrastructure. Sound uncertainty analysis has an important role to play in TEAs of CCS technologies and systems, and there are many opportunities to bring the use of uncertainty analysis to a higher level than currently practiced. This review of and guidance on available methods is intended to help accelerate continued methods development and their application to more robust and meaningful CCS performance and costing studies.
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| 14. |
- Faiza-Rubab, S., et al.
(author)
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Structural stability and evolution of half-metallicity in Ba2CaMoO6 : interplay of hole- and electron-doping
- 2021
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In: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - UK : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 23, s. 19472-19481
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Half-metallic ferromagnetic materials have attracted a lot of attention due to their probable technological applications in spintronics. In this respect, doping plays a crucial role in tailoring or controlling the physical properties of the system. Herein, the impact of both hole and electron doping on the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of the recent high pressure synthesized non-magnetic insulator Ba2CaMoO6 double perovskite oxide are investigated by replacing one of the Mo ions with Nb and Tc. The structural and mechanical stability of the undoped/doped materials are analyzed by calculating the formation energies and stiffness tensors, respectively, which confirm the system's stability. Interestingly, our results revealed that Nb- and Tc-doped systems display an electronic transition from insulating to p- and n-type half-metallic ferromagnetic states, respectively. The most striking feature of the present study is that oxygen ions become spin-polarized, with a magnetic moment of ∼0.12 μB per atom, and are mainly responsible for conductivity in the Nb-doped system. However, the admixture of Tc 4d non-degenerate orbitals are primarily contributing to the metallicity in the Tc-doped structure, with a moment of ∼0.59 μB. It is also found that Nb and Tc ions remain in the 5+ and 7+ states with electronic configurations of t22g↑t22g↓e0g↑e0g↓ and t32g↑t22g↓e0g↑e0g↓, with spin states of S = 0 and S = 1/2 in the individual doped systems, respectively. Hence, the present work proposes that a doping strategy with a suitable candidate could be beneficial to tune the physical properties of the materials for their potential utilization in advanced spin-based devices.
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| 15. |
- Nazir, S. U., et al.
(author)
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Differential expression of Ets-1 in breast cancer among North Indian population
- 2019
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In: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. - : Wiley. - 0730-2312 .- 1097-4644. ; 120:9, s. 14552-14561
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Breast cancer is a highly aggressive disease contributing to high mortality rate among females across the globe owing to wide geographical variations, change in lifestyle along with rapid tumor growth, drug resistance, and high metastasis rate. To understand the molecular and genetic basis of breast cancer progression; we studied the role of E26 transformation-specific-1 (Ets-1) transcription factor which is implicated to have a role in carcinogenesis like invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, etc. Our findings revealed an overexpression of Ets-1 gene in 75 breast cancer tumors as compared with their normal adjacent tissues. The findings significantly established a co-relation between Ets-1 expression in breast cancer tissue with hormonal receptor profiles and ductal-lobular histological subtypes in Indian population. In addition, a differential expression pattern of Ets-1 was observed between high, moderate, and low grades of breast cancer patients. The present study demonstrates a crucial role of Ets-1 transcription factor which may serve as a potential biomarker for breast carcinogenesis. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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| 16. |
- Abbas, M., et al.
(author)
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On Weakly Commuting Set-Valued Mappings on a Domain of Sets Endowed with Directed Graph
- 2017
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In: Results in Mathematics. - : Birkhauser Verlag AG. - 1422-6383 .- 1420-9012. ; 71:3-4, s. 1277-1295
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to present coincidence and common fixed point results of set-valued mappings satisfying certain generalized graphic F-contractive conditions on a family of sets endowed with a graph. It is worth mentioning that these results are obtained without appealing to any form of continuity of mappings involved herein. Some examples are presented to support the results proved in this paper. Our results unify, generalize and extend various comparable results in the existing literature. © 2016, Springer International Publishing.
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| 17. |
- Bergström, Petra, et al.
(author)
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Amyloid precursor protein expression and processing are differentially regulated during cortical neuron differentiation
- 2016
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its cleavage product amyloid beta (A beta) have been thoroughly studied in Alzheimer's disease. However, APP also appears to be important for neuronal development. Differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) towards cortical neurons enables in vitro mechanistic studies on human neuronal development. Here, we investigated expression and proteolytic processing of APP during differentiation of human iPSCs towards cortical neurons over a 100-day period. APP expression remained stable during neuronal differentiation, whereas APP processing changed. alpha-Cleaved soluble APP (sAPP alpha) was secreted early during differentiation, from neuronal progenitors, while beta-cleaved soluble APP (sAPP beta) was first secreted after deep-layer neurons had formed. Short A beta peptides, including A beta 1-15/16, peaked during the progenitor stage, while processing shifted towards longer peptides, such as A beta 1-40/42, when post-mitotic neurons appeared. This indicates that APP processing is regulated throughout differentiation of cortical neurons and that amyloidogenic APP processing, as reflected by A beta 1-40/42, is associated with mature neuronal phenotypes.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Nazir, S., et al.
(author)
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Emergence of robust half-metallic spin gap and a sizeable magnetic anisotropy in electron-doped Ca2FeOsO6
- 2023
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In: Materials Chemistry and Physics. - : Elsevier. - 0254-0584 .- 1879-3312. ; 294
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Half-metallic materials having a large band gap (Eg) along with giant magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE) have been proposed to be crucial for the development of magnetic tunnel junctions. Herein, electron-doped Ca2FeOsO6 (CFOO) double perovskite oxide is investigated by employing ab-initio calculations with the inclusion of Hubbard U and spin–orbit coupling effects. Electron doping is realized by introducing Co+2/Ni+2 ion with 3d7 (t2g3 ↑ t2g2 ↓ eg2 ↑ eg0 ↓)/3d8 (t2g3 ↑ t2g3 ↓ eg2 ↑ eg0 ↓) configuration at Fe+33d5 (t2g3 ↑ t2g0 ↓ eg2 ↑ eg0 ↓) site. The thermodynamical, mechanical, and dynamical stability of these motifs for determining the synthesis feasibility at ambient conditions is established by calculating the formation energetics, elastic constants, and phonon band structure, respectively. The undoped CFOO system displays a ferrimagnetic Mott-insulating behavior due to a strong antiferromagnetic coupling between Fe and Os ions. On the other hand, electron doping induces half metallicity in CFOO, where extra electrons provided by TM-dopants produce a repulsion in the partially filled Os t2g3↓ spin-minority channel. As a consequence, the Os bands near the Fermi level are shifted to higher energetics; resulting in a conducting nature for the doped motifs. Therefore, Os ion remains in the mixed formal valence states of Os+5 and Os+6/Os+7, which reduces the moments as well. Most remarkably, a large Eg of 1.26/1.65 eV exists in the spin-majority channel of Co/Ni-doped structure, which is highly desired to effectively suppress the spin-flipping and affirm the large mean free path for spins along with a high spin-filtering response. Our results also demonstrated that the half metallicity of the studied TM-doped CFOO is robust and can be preserved under a reasonable magnitude of biaxial strains ([110]). Additionally, a sizeable MAE constant of ∼×107 erg/cm3 indicates that these materials could be potential candidates for the data storage devices.
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| 20. |
- Roussanaly, Simon, et al.
(author)
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Towards improved cost evaluation of Carbon Capture and Storage from industry
- 2021
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In: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control. - : Elsevier BV. - 1750-5836 .- 1878-0148.
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper contributes to the development of improved guidelines for cost evaluation of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) from industrial applications building on previous work in the field. It discusses key challenges and factors that have a large impact on the results of cost evaluations, but are often overlooked or insufficiently addressed. These include cost metrics (especially in the context of industrial plants with multiple output products), energy supply aspects, retrofitting costs, CO2 transport and storage, maturity of the capture technology. Where possible examples are given to demonstrate their quantitative impact and show how costs may vary widely on a case-by-case basis.Recommendations are given to consider different possible heat and power supply strategies, as well as future energy and carbon price scenarios, to better understand cost performances under various framework conditions. Since retrofitting CCS is very relevant for industrial facilities, further considerations are made on how to better account for the key elements that constitute retrofitting costs. Furthermore, instead of using a fixed unit cost for CO2 transport and storage, cost estimates should at least consider the flowrate, transport mode, transport distance and type of storage, to make more realistic cost estimates. Recommendations are also given on factors to consider when assessing the technological maturity level of CCS in various industrial applications, which is important when assessing cost contingencies and cost uncertainties.Lastly, we urge techno-economic analysis practitioners to clearly report all major assumptions and methods, as well as ideally examine the impact of these on their estimates.
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| 21. |
- Roussanaly, Simon, et al.
(author)
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Towards improved cost evaluation of carbon capture, transport and storage from industry
- 2021
-
In: 15th Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies Conference 2021, GHGT 2021. - : International Energy Agency Greenhouse Gas, IEAGHG.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper briefly summarises the development of improved guidelines for cost evaluation of carbon dioxide capture, transport and storage (CCS) from industrial applications [1] building on previous work in the field. It discusses key challenges and factors that have a large impact on the results of cost evaluations but are often overlooked or insufficiently addressed. These include cost metrics (especially in the context of industrial plants with multiple output products), energy supply aspects, retrofitting costs, CO2 transport and storage, and maturity of the capture technology. Where possible, examples are given to demonstrate their quantitative impact and show how costs may vary widely on a case-by-case basis. Recommendations are given to consider different possible heat and power supply strategies, as well as future energy and carbon price scenarios, in order to better understand CCS costs under various conditions. Since retrofitting CCS is especially relevant for industrial facilities, further recommendations are made on how to better account for the key elements that constitute retrofitting costs. Furthermore, instead of using a fixed unit cost for CO2 transport and storage, cost estimates should at least consider the CO2 flowrate, transport mode, transport distance and type of storage, to obtain more realistic cost estimates. Recommendations are also given on factors to consider when assessing the technological maturity level of CCS in various industrial applications, which is important when assessing cost contingencies and uncertainties. Lastly, we urge techno-economic analysis practitioners to clearly report all major assumptions and methods, as well as comprehensively examine the impact of uncertainties on their cost estimates.
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| 22. |
- Rubin, Edward S., et al.
(author)
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Toward improved cost guidelines for advanced low-carbon technologies
- 2021
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In: 15th Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies Conference 2021, GHGT 2021. - : International Energy Agency Greenhouse Gas, IEAGHG.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents a framework for estimating the future Nth-of-a-kind (NOAK) cost of advanced low-carbon technologies that are currently at early pre-commercial stages of development. It identifies two types of question that commonly motivate a cost analysis: “What If” questions about the hypothetical future cost of a technology that meets specified R&D goals or requirements; and “What Will” questions regarding the true expected cost of an advanced technology once it is mature and widely deployed. The latter type of question is the focus of this paper. It addresses shortcomings in the “bottom up” engineering-economic method current used to estimate NOAK costs. It describes a more rigorous hybrid costing method that combines a bottom-up analysis of the first-of-a-kind (FOAK) commercial cost of an advanced technology with an empirical model employing experience curves to project its future cost. Guidelines are presented for all phases of the analysis.
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| 23. |
- Satir, Tugce Munise, et al.
(author)
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Accelerated neuronal and synaptic maturation by BrainPhys medium increases Aβ secretion and alters Aβ peptide ratios from iPSC-derived cortical neurons.
- 2020
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In: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- One of the neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is cerebral deposition of amyloid plaques composed of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides and the cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of those peptides are used as a biomarker for AD. Mature induced pluripotent stem cell(iPSC)-derived cortical neurons secrete Aβ peptides in ratios comparable to those secreted to cerebrospinal fluid in human, however the protocol to achieve mature neurons is time consuming. In this study, we investigated if differentiation of neuroprogenitor cells (NPCs) in BrainPhys medium, previously reported to enhance synaptic function of neurons in culture, would accelerate neuronal maturation and, thus increase Aβ secretion as compared to the conventional neural maintenance medium. We found that NPCs cultured in BrainPhys displayed increased expression of markers for cortical deep-layer neurons, increased synaptic maturation and number of astroglial cells. This accelerated neuronal maturation was accompanied by increased APP processing, resulting in increased secretion of Aβ peptides and an increased Aβ38 to Aβ40 and Aβ42 ratio. However, during long-term culturing in BrainPhys, non-neuronal cells appeared and eventually took over the cultures. Taken together, BrainPhys culturing accelerated neuronal maturation and increased Aβ secretion from iPSC-derived cortical neurons, but changed the cellular composition of the cultures.
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| 24. |
- van der Spek, Mijndert, et al.
(author)
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Towards improved guidelines for uncertainty analysis of carbon capture and storage techno-economic studies
- 2021
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In: 15th Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies Conference 2021, GHGT 2021. - : International Energy Agency Greenhouse Gas, IEAGHG.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Uncertainty analysis is a key element of sound techno-economic analysis (TEA) of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technologies and systems, and in the communication of TEA results. Many CCS technologies are novel concepts, that are still in the early (pre-commercial) stages of development. Therefore, uncertainties in their technology performance and cost are often substantial, making it imperative that they be characterized, and their impacts reported. Although uncertainty analysis itself is not novel, with some methods already frequently used by the CCS TEA community, a document that provides a comprehensive overview of methods and approaches, as well as guidance on their selection and use, is still lacking. Given its importance, we seek to fill this gap by providing a critical review of uncertainty analysis methods along with guidance on the selection and use of these methods for CCS TEAs, highlighting good practice and examples from the CCS literature. There are many opportunities to bring the use of uncertainty analysis to a higher level than currently practiced. This review of and guidance on available methods is intended to help accelerate continued methods development and their application to more robust and meaningful CCS performance and cost studies.
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