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1.
  • 2017
  • swepub:Mat__t
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2.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2010
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  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
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4.
  • 2011
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5.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
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6.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
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7.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
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8.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
  • swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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9.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
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10.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
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11.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2012
  • swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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12.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
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13.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
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14.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
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15.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
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16.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2010
  • swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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17.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
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18.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
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19.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
  • swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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20.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2012
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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21.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
  • swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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22.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
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23.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
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24.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
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25.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
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26.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
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27.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
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28.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
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29.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
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30.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
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31.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
  • swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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32.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
  • swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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33.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
  • swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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34.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
  • swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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35.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
  • swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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36.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
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37.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
  • swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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38.
  • 2011
  • swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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39.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
  • swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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40.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2011
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42.
  • Abolins, M., et al. (author)
  • The ATLAS Data Acquisition and High Level Trigger system
  • 2016
  • In: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 11
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • This paper describes the data acquisition and high level trigger system of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, as deployed during Run 1. Data flow as well as control, configuration and monitoring aspects are addressed. An overview of the functionality of the system and of its performance is presented and design choices are discussed.
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43.
  • Abdellaoui, G., et al. (author)
  • Meteor studies in the framework of the JEM-EUSO program
  • 2017
  • In: Planetary and Space Science. - : Elsevier. - 0032-0633 .- 1873-5088. ; 143, s. 245-255
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We summarize the state of the art of a program of UV observations from space of meteor phenomena, a secondary objective of the JEM-EUSO international collaboration. Our preliminary analysis indicates that JEM-EUSO, taking advantage of its large FOV and good sensitivity, should be able to detect meteors down to absolute magnitude close to 7. This means that JEM-EUSO should be able to record a statistically significant flux of meteors, including both sporadic ones, and events produced by different meteor streams. Being unaffected by adverse weather conditions, JEM-EUSO can also be a very important facility for the detection of bright meteors and fireballs, as these events can be detected even in conditions of very high sky background. In the case of bright events, moreover, exhibiting some persistence of the meteor train, preliminary simulations show that it should be possible to exploit the motion of the ISS itself and derive at least a rough 3D reconstruction of the meteor trajectory. Moreover, the observing strategy developed to detect meteors may also be applied to the detection of nuclearites, exotic particles whose existence has been suggested by some theoretical investigations. Nuclearites are expected to move at higher velocities than meteoroids, and to exhibit a wider range of possible trajectories, including particles moving upward after crossing the Earth. Some pilot studies, including the approved Mini-EUSO mission, a precursor of JEM-EUSO, are currently operational or in preparation. We are doing simulations to assess the performance of Mini-EUSO for meteor studies, while a few meteor events have been already detected using the ground-based facility EUSO-TA.
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44.
  • Abdellaoui, G., et al. (author)
  • First observations of speed of light tracks by a fluorescence detector looking down on the atmosphere
  • 2018
  • In: Journal of Instrumentation. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 1748-0221. ; 13
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • EUSO-Balloon is a pathfinder mission for the Extreme Universe Space Observatory onboard the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM-EUSO). It was launched on the moonless night of the 25(th) of August 2014 from Timmins, Canada. The flight ended successfully after maintaining the target altitude of 38 km for five hours. One part of the mission was a 2.5 hour underflight using a helicopter equipped with three UV light sources (LED, xenon flasher and laser) to perform an inflight calibration and examine the detectors capability to measure tracks moving at the speed of light. We describe the helicopter laser system and details of the underflight as well as how the laser tracks were recorded and found in the data. These are the first recorded laser tracks measured from a fluorescence detector looking down on the atmosphere. Finally, we present a first reconstruction of the direction of the laser tracks relative to the detector.
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45.
  • Greiner, J., et al. (author)
  • GRIPS - Gamma-Ray Imaging, Polarimetry and Spectroscopy
  • 2012
  • In: Experimental astronomy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0922-6435 .- 1572-9508. ; 34:2, s. 551-582
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We propose to perform a continuously scanning all-sky survey from 200 keV to 80 MeV achieving a sensitivity which is better by a factor of 40 or more compared to the previous missions in this energy range (COMPTEL, INTEGRAL; see Fig. 1). These gamma-ray observations will be complemented by observations in the soft X-ray and (near-)infrared region with the corresponding telescopes placed on a separate satellite. The Gamma-Ray Imaging, Polarimetry and Spectroscopy ("GRIPS") mission with its three instruments Gamma-Ray Monitor (GRM), X-Ray Monitor (XRM) and InfraRed Telescope (IRT) addresses fundamental questions in ESA's Cosmic Vision plan. Among the major themes of the strategic plan, GRIPS has its focus on the evolving, violent Universe, exploring a unique energy window. We propose to investigate γ-ray bursts and blazars, the mechanisms behind supernova explosions, nucleosynthesis and spallation, the enigmatic origin of positrons in our Galaxy, and the nature of radiation processes and particle acceleration in extreme cosmic sources including pulsars and magnetars. The natural energy scale for these non-thermal processes is of the order of MeV. Although they can be partially and indirectly studied using other methods, only the proposed GRIPS measurements will provide direct access to their primary photons. GRIPS will be a driver for the study of transient sources in the era of neutrino and gravitational wave observatories such as IceCUBE and LISA, establishing a new type of diagnostics in relativistic and nuclear astrophysics. This will support extrapolations to investigate star formation, galaxy evolution, and black hole formation at high redshifts.
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46.
  • Maeda, K., et al. (author)
  • An asymmetric explosion as the origin of spectral evolution diversity in type Ia supernovae
  • 2010
  • In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 466:7302, s. 82-85
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Type Ia supernovae form an observationally uniform class of stellar explosions, in that more luminous objects have smaller decline-rates. This one-parameter behaviour allows type Ia supernovae to be calibrated as cosmological `standard candles', and led to the discovery of an accelerating Universe. Recent investigations, however, have revealed that the true nature of type Ia supernovae is more complicated. Theoretically, it has been suggested that the initial thermonuclear sparks are ignited at an offset from the centre of the white-dwarf progenitor, possibly as a result of convection before the explosion. Observationally, the diversity seen in the spectral evolution of type Ia supernovae beyond the luminosity-decline-rate relation is an unresolved issue. Here we report that the spectral diversity is a consequence of random directions from which an asymmetric explosion is viewed. Our findings suggest that the spectral evolution diversity is no longer a concern when using type Ia supernovae as cosmological standard candles. Furthermore, this indicates that ignition at an offset from the centre is a generic feature of type Ia supernovae.
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47.
  • Maeda, K., et al. (author)
  • Nebular Spectra and Explosion Asymmetry of Type Ia Supernovae
  • 2010
  • In: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 708:2, s. 1703-1715
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The spectral signatures of asymmetry in Type Ia Supernova (SN Ia) explosions are investigated, using a sample of late-time nebular spectra. First, a kinematical model is constructed for SN Ia 2003hv, which can account for the main features in its optical, Near-Infrared (NIR), and Mid-Infrared (Mid-IR) late-time spectra. It is found that an asymmetric off-center model can explain the observed characteristics of SN 2003hv. This model includes a relatively high-density, Fe-rich region which displays a large velocity off-set, and a relatively low density, extended 56Ni-rich region which is more spherically distributed. The high-density region consists of the inner stable Fe-Ni region and outer 56Ni-rich region. Such a distribution may be the result of a delayed-detonation explosion, in which the first deflagration produces the global asymmetry in the innermost ejecta, while the subsequent detonation can lead to the bulk spherical symmetry. This configuration, if viewed from the direction of the off-set, can consistently explain the blueshift in some of the emission lines and virtually no observed shift in other lines in SN 2003hv. For this model, we then explore the effects of different viewing angles and the implications for SNe Ia in general. The model predicts that a variation of the central wavelength, depending on the viewing angle, should be seen in some lines (e.g., [Ni II] λ7378), while the strongest lines (e.g., [Fe III] blend at ~4700 Å) will not show this effect. By examining optical nebular spectra of 12 SNe Ia, we have found that such a variation indeed exists. We suggest that the global asymmetry in the innermost ejecta, as likely imprint of the deflagration flame propagation, is a generic feature of SNe Ia. It is also shown that various forbidden lines in the NIR and Mid-IR regimes provide strong diagnostics to further constrain the explosion geometry and thus the explosion mechanism.
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48.
  • Belczynski, K., et al. (author)
  • Evolutionary roads leading to low effective spins, high black hole masses, and O1/O2 rates for LIGO/Virgo binary black holes
  • 2020
  • In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 636:A&A
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • All ten LIGO/Virgo binary black hole (BH-BH) coalescences reported following the O1/O2 runs have near-zero effective spins. There are only three potential explanations for this. If the BH spin magnitudes are large, then: (i) either both BH spin vectors must be nearly in the orbital plane or (ii) the spin angular momenta of the BHs must be oppositely directed and similar in magnitude. Then there is also the possibility that (iii) the BH spin magnitudes are small. We consider the third hypothesis within the framework of the classical isolated binary evolution scenario of the BH-BH merger formation. We test three models of angular momentum transport in massive stars: A mildly efficient transport by meridional currents (as employed in the Geneva code), an efficient transport by the Tayler-Spruit magnetic dynamo (as implemented in the MESA code), and a very-efficient transport (as proposed by Fuller et al.) to calculate natal BH spins. We allow for binary evolution to increase the BH spins through accretion and account for the potential spin-up of stars through tidal interactions. Additionally, we update the calculations of the stellar-origin BH masses, including revisions to the history of star formation and to the chemical evolution across cosmic time. We find that we can simultaneously match the observed BH-BH merger rate density and BH masses and BH-BH effective spins. Models with efficient angular momentum transport are favored. The updated stellar-mass weighted gas-phase metallicity evolution now used in our models appears to be key for obtaining an improved reproduction of the LIGO/Virgo merger rate estimate. Mass losses during the pair-instability pulsation supernova phase are likely to be overestimated if the merger GW170729 hosts a BH more massive than 50âMâŠ. We also estimate rates of black hole-neutron star (BH-NS) mergers from recent LIGO/Virgo observations. If, in fact. angular momentum transport in massive stars is efficient, then any (electromagnetic or gravitational wave) observation of a rapidly spinning BH would indicate either a very effective tidal spin up of the progenitor star (homogeneous evolution, high-mass X-ray binary formation through case A mass transfer, or a spin-up of a Wolf-Rayet star in a close binary by a close companion), significant mass accretion by the hole, or a BH formation through the merger of two or more BHs (in a dense stellar cluster).
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49.
  • Matsuzaki, G, et al. (author)
  • Mechanism of murine V gamma 1(+) gamma delta T cell-mediated innate immune response against Listeria monocytogenes infection
  • 2002
  • In: European Journal of Immunology. - 1521-4141. ; 32:4, s. 928-935
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Murine gammadelta T cells participate in innate immune response against infection of the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. In the present report, we analyzed the mechanism of the gammadelta T cell-mediated response against L. monocytogenes infection. gammadelta T cell-enriched spleen cells of L. monocytogenes-infected mice produced IFN-gamma in vitro in response to L. monocytogenes-infected spleen cells, The IFN-gamma production was abrogated by depletion of Vgamma1(+) gammadelta T cells. IFN-gamma production of the Vy1(+) gammadelta T cells in response to L. monocytogenes-infected spleen cells required IL-12. However, addition of Fab fragment of anti-TCR gammadelta monoclonal antibodies (mAb) failed to block the response, suggesting that the response requires no TCR-mediated antigen recognition. Interestingly, Vgamma1(+) gammadelta T cells of naive mice also produced IFN-gamma in response to L. monocytogenes-infected spleen cells in an IL-12-dependent manner. Furthermore, the IL-12 receptor (IL-12R) gene was expressed on the Vgamma1(+) gammadelta T cells of naive mice as well as those of L. monocytogenes-infected mice although naive alphabeta T cells lack IL-12R expression. All the results suggest that the Vgamma1(+) gammadelta T cells participate in immune surveillance against intracellular bacterial infection through quick production of IFN-gamma in response to infection-induced IL-12 without antigen-driven clonal expansion and maturation.
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50.
  • Spiro, S., et al. (author)
  • Low luminosity Type II supernovae - II. Pointing towards moderate mass precursors
  • 2014
  • In: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 439:3, s. 2873-2892
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We present new data for five underluminous Type II-plateau supernovae (SNe IIP), namely SN 1999gn, SN 2002gd, SN 2003Z, SN 2004eg and SN 2006ov. This new sample of low-luminosity SNe IIP (LL SNe IIP) is analysed together with similar objects studied in the past. All of them show a flat light-curve plateau lasting about 100 d, an underluminous late-time exponential tail, intrinsic colours that are unusually red, and spectra showing prominent and narrow P Cygni lines. A velocity of the ejected material below 10(3) km s(-1) is inferred from measurements at the end of the plateau. The Ni-56 masses ejected in the explosion are very small (< 10(-2) M-circle dot). We investigate the correlations among Ni-56 mass, expansion velocity of the ejecta and absolute magnitude in the middle of the plateau, confirming the main findings of Hamuy, according to which events showing brighter plateau and larger expansion velocities are expected to produce more Ni-56. We propose that these faint objects represent the LL tail of a continuous distribution in parameters space of SNe IIP. The physical properties of the progenitors at the explosion are estimated through the hydrodynamical modelling of the observables for two representative events of this class, namely SN 2005cs and SN 2008in. We find that the majority of LL SNe IIP, and quite possibly all, originate in the core collapse of intermediate-mass stars, in the mass range 10-15 M-circle dot.
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