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| 2. |
- Andersson Ersman, Peter, et al.
(author)
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Screen printed digital circuits based on vertical organicelectrochemical transistors
- 2017
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In: Flexible and Printed Electronics. - : IOP Publishing. - 2058-8585. ; 2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Vertical organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have been manufactured solely using screenprinting. The OECTs are based on PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrene sulfonic acid)), which defines the active material for both the transistor channel and the gateelectrode. The resulting vertical OECT devices and circuits exhibit low-voltage operation, relativelyfast switching, small footprint and high manufacturing yield; the last three parameters are explainedby the reliance of the transistor configuration on a robust structure in which the electrolyte verticallybridges the bottom channel and the top gate electrode. Two different architectures of the verticalOECT have been manufactured, characterized and evaluated in parallel throughout this report. Inaddition to the experimental work, SPICE models enabling simulations of standalone OECTs andOECT-based circuits have been developed. Our findings may pave the way for fully integrated, lowvoltageoperating and printed signal processing systems integrated with e.g. printed batteries, solarcells, sensors and communication interfaces. Such technology can then serve a low-cost basetechnology for the internet of things, smart packaging and home diagnostics applications.
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| 3. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(author)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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In: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 4. |
- Glaessgen, Axel, et al.
(author)
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Prediction of percent Gleason grade 4/5 by multiple core biopsies
- 2006
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 40:6, s. 465-471
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective. To evaluate whether percent Gleason grade 4/5 (i.e. the proportion of a tumor occupied by high-grade cancer) can be predicted by multiple needle biopsies. Material and methods. In 115 men, 8-14 (mean 10) biopsies were taken, including eight from standardized positions (apex, mid-medial, mid-lateral and base). Biopsies were reviewed and cancer lengths measured. All men underwent radical prostatectomy. The prostatectomy specimens were totally embedded and tumor volume measured planimetrically. Gleason scores and percent Gleason grade 4/5 were assessed for both biopsy and prostatectomy specimens. Results. Percent Gleason grade 4/5 in prostatectomy specimens was predicted correctly in 34% of cases and within 10%, 20% and 30% in 55%, 64% and 73% of cases, respectively. Biopsies had a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for Gleason grade 4/5 of 62%, 87% and 69%, respectively. Positive and negative predictive values were 93% and 45%, respectively. The weighted kappa value for agreement was slightly higher for Gleason score (0.685) than for percent Gleason grade 4/5 (0.573). The univariate correlation for percent Gleason grade 4/5 in biopsies and the main tumor was r = 0.62, r(2) = 0.39 (p < 0.001). In univariate logistic regression, percent Gleason grade 4/5 on biopsies predicted the presence of any Gleason grade 4/5 cancer in the main tumor (p = 0.009). Conclusions. Gleason grade 4/5 in prostatectomy specimens correlates with findings in preoperative biopsies. Whether this measure will be used in routine practice remains to be seen.
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| 7. |
- Slama, Jiri, et al.
(author)
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Plesovice zircon : A new natural reference material for U-Pb and Hf isotopic microanalysis
- 2008
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In: Chemical Geology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-2541 .- 1872-6836. ; 249:02-jan, s. 1-35
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Matrix-matched calibration by natural zircon standards and analysis of natural materials as a reference are the principle methods for achieving accurate results in inicrobeam U-Pb dating and Hf isotopic analysis. We describe a new potential zircon reference material for laser ablation ICP-MS that was extracted from a potassic granulite facies rock collected in the southern part of the Bohemian Massif (Plesovice, Czech Republic). Data from different techniques (ID-TIMS, SIMS and LA ICP-MS) and several laboratories suggest that this zircon has a concordant U-Pb age with a weighted mean Pb-206/U-238 date of 337.13 +/- 0.37 Ma (ID-TIMS, 95% confidence limits, including tracer calibration uncertainty) and U-Pb age homogeneity on the scale used in LA ICP-MS dating. Inhomogeneities in trace element composition due to primary growth zoning prevent its use as a calibration standard for trace element analysis. The content of U varies from 465 ppm in pristine parts of the grains to similar to 3000 ppm in actinide-rich sectors that correspond to pyramidal faces with a high degree of metamictization (present in ca. 30% of the grains). These domains are easily recognized from high intensities on BSE images and should be avoided during the analysis. Hf isotopic composition of the Plesovice zircon (>0.9 wt.% Hf) is homogenous within and between the grains with a mean Hf-176/Hf-177 value of 0.282492 +/- 0.000013 (2SD). The age and Hf isotopic homogeneity of the Plesovice zircon together with its relatively high U and Pb contents make it an ideal calibration and reference material for laser ablation ICP-MS measurements, especially when using low laser energies and/or small diameters of laser beam required for improved spatial resolution.
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| 8. |
- Walcher, C.~J., et al.
(author)
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4MOST Scientific Operations
- 2019
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In: Messenger. - 0722-6691. ; 175, s. 12-16
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The 4MOST instrument is a multi-object spectrograph that will address Galactic and extragalactic science cases simultaneously by observing targets from a large number of different surveys within each science exposure. This parallel mode of operation and the survey nature of 4MOST require some distinct 4MOST- specific operational features within the overall operations model of ESO. The main feature is that the 4MOST Consortium will deliver, not only the instrument, but also contractual services to the user community, which is why 4MOST is also described as a facility. This white paper concentrates on information particularly useful to answering the forthcoming Call for Letters of Intent.
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| 9. |
- Ware, James, et al.
(author)
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Glucose, insulin and osmolar changes in rats sustaining different haemorrhage volumes.
- 1982
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In: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - : Almqvist & Wiksell. - 0001-6772 .- 1365-201X. ; 116:1, s. 31-36
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Plasma glucose, osmolality and insulin have been investigated during hemorrhage in nonstarved rats. The rate of blood loss leading to hemorrhages of 44% and 55% of the estimated original blood volume determined the patterns of response. Substantial hyperglycemic hyperosmolality and insulin values appropriate for the raised levels of glucose were observed in the animals bleeding more rapidly. The slower rate of hemorrhage was associated with only moderate hyperglycemia and hyperosmolality, while the insulin values rose to very high levels, 45 times basal. It is postulated that altered glucose‐insulin metabolism in haemorrhage may have important consequences for fluid homeostasis, and the rate of bleeding is the fundamental factor steering this effect. © 1982 Scandinavian Physiological Society
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| 10. |
- Ware, James H., et al.
(author)
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Osmolar changes in haemorrhage : The effect of an altered nutritional status
- 1982
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In: Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. - : Almqvist & Wiksells. - 0001-5482. ; 148:8, s. 641-646
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fed and 24-30 hour starved rats were submitted to haemorrhagic hypotension, 70 mmHg, with a modified Wigger's system. Neuroleptanalgesia was used to ensure a normal degree of stress reactivity. Despite fed animals losing 53% of their original blood volume (BV) and starved animals 47% (BV=6% prestarved body weight), blood gas data and creatinine levels confirmed a well intact and compensated status in both groups. Fed animals compensated for the greater haemorrhage with a haematocrit reduction which was double that in starved animals. When the alterations in osmole skeletons were compared, evidence for an intracellular fluid (ICF) shift to the interstitium was obtained infed rats. Their NaCl space increased by 5.5%. Glucose increased its osmolar effect by 224% among fed animals and was reduced in those which had been starved. Glucose was identified as the solute causing an acute mobilisation of ICF to the interstitium.
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