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| 2. |
- Assander, Susanne, et al.
(author)
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Individual and organisational factors in the psychosocial work environment are associated with home care staffs' job strain : a Swedish cross-sectional study
- 2022
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In: BMC Health Services Research. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-6963. ; 22:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundHome care staff (HCS) provide essential service to enable older adults to age in place. However, unreasonable demands in the work environment to deliver a safe, effective service with high quality has a negative impact on the individual employee’s well-being and the care provided to the older adults. The psychosocial work environment is associated with employees' well-being, although, knowledge regarding which individual and organisational factors that contribute to job strain for HCS is limited. These factors need to be identified to develop targeted interventions and create sustainable work situations for HCS. This study aimed to explore how HCS's perceived job strain is associated with, and to what extent can be explained by, individual and organisational factors of the psychosocial work environment and psychosomatic health.MethodAn explorative cross-sectional questionnaire survey design was used in a large Swedish county. Five home care agencies with a total of 481 HCS were asked to respond to a questionnaire regarding their perceived level of job strain (Strain in Dementia Care Scale), psychosocial work environment (QPSNordic34+), and psychosomatic health (Satisfaction with Work Questionnaire). Multiple linear regression (MLR) analyses were conducted to explore the association between job strain and individual and organisational factors.ResultsIn total, 226 (46%) HCS responded to the questionnaire. Both individual and organisational factors were significant predictors of job strain and explained a variance ranging between 39 to 51% (p = 0.001). The organisational factor job demand and the individual factor feeling worried and restless was most frequently represented in these MRL models. A higher job strain was also associated with adverse outcomes regarding leadership, organisational culture and climate, and control at work.ConclusionThis study indicates that there is an intertwined complexity of individual and organisational factors that are associated with the HC's perception of job strain. Implementation of new multidimensional work strategies, such as a reablement approach, could support the development of efficient strategies for HCS and reduce the level of job strain. Policy changes for the provision of home care are also needed to support the development of a sustainable and healthy psychosocial work environment.
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- Koskinen, Liisa, et al.
(author)
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European Higher Health Care Education Curriculum : Development of a Cultural Framework
- 2012
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In: Journal of Transcultural Nursing. - : SAGE Publications. - 1043-6596 .- 1552-7832. ; 23:3, s. 313-319
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article concerns the European Curriculum in Cultural Care Project (2005-2009), which aimed at developing a curriculum framework for the enhancement of cultural competence in European health care education. The project was initiated and supported by the Consortium of Institutes in Higher Education in Health and Rehabilitation, whose goal is to nurture educational development and networking among member institutions. The framework is the result of a collaborative endeavor by nine nurse educators from five different European countries. The production of the framework will be described in accordance with the following tenets: developing cultural competence is a continuing process, cultural competence is based on sensitivity toward others, and cultural competence is a process of progressive inquiry. Critique concerning the framework will be presented.
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| 4. |
- Olt, Helen, et al.
(author)
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Communication and equality in elderly care settings : Perceptions of first- and secondgeneration immigrant and native Swedish healthcare workers
- 2014
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In: Diversity and equality in health and care. - 2049-5471 .- 2049-548X. ; 11:2, s. 99-111
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An ethnically diverse healthcare workforce is considered beneficial to meeting the needs of an ethnically diverse population. In the UK and the USA, lack of equality and difficulties in communication between co-workers and patients from different ethnic backgrounds is problematic. Little is known about the ethnically diverse healthcare workforce in elderly care settings in Sweden. This paper compares native Swedish and first- and secondgeneration immigrant healthcare workers' perceptions of diversity in relation to equality and communication in elderly care settings. The study used a cross-sectional design with a survey administered by self-completed questionnaire. The Assess Awareness and Acceptance of Diversity in Healthcare Organizations questionnaire was distributed to healthcare workers in elderly care settings in one municipality in Sweden. Responses from 643 healthcare workers were analysed. A factor analysis was performed on 26 items in the questionnaire. Reliability analysis on the subscales was conducted using Cronbach's alpha. Differences between native and first- and second-generation immigrants were analysed using ANOVA followed by post-hoc tests. The results showed that first-generation immigrant and native Swedish healthcare workers had different views on equality and communication in four of the five subscales, namely care of elderly patients from different backgrounds, equality in the workplace, communication with diverse co-workers, and treatment by family and significant others from a different ethnic background. Second-generation immigrants held similar views to native Swedish healthcare workers on two factors, namely equality in the workplace and communication between co-workers from different backgrounds. There were no differences between the groups with regard to their views on self-awareness in collaboration with co-workers. Differences in the experiences of first- and secondgeneration healthcare workers should be acknowledged, rather than assuming that they share similar experiences as immigrants. Managers need to promote equality and effective communication among an ethnically diverse workforce.
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| 5. |
- Olt, Helen
(author)
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Healthcare providers' perceptions of diversity and cultural competence
- 2013
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Swedish society is ethnically diverse and since the early 1960s immigrants have made significant contributions to the labour market in healthcare. Today many Swedes, including first- and second-generation immigrants, work together in a healthcare setting that serves an increasingly diverse population. Cultural competence is required of nurses, healthcare providers and healthcare organisations in order for them to provide quality service to culturally and ethnically diverse populations. The overall aim of the studies included in this licentiate thesis was to assess healthcare providers’ perceptions of diversity and cultural competence. The specific aim of Study I was to compare native Swedish and first- and second -generation immigrant healthcare providers’ perceptions of diversity in relation to equality and communication in elder care settings. Data used in this cross-sectional study on healthcare providers (n=643) were obtained using a Swedish questionnaire; Assessing Awareness and Acceptance of Diversity in Healthcare Institutions (AAAD). Factor analysis revealed five subscales within the areas of communication and equality. These subscales were tested for reliability before being used for data analysis. ANOVA testing compared differences between native Swedes and first- and second-generation immigrants. The results show that there are more similarities in the perceptions of communication and equality between native Swedes and second-generation immigrants than between first- and second-generation immigrants. The specific aim of Study II was to describe the translation, adaptation, and psychometric evaluation of a non-Swedish questionnaire, the Inventory for Assessing the Process of Cultural Competence Among Healthcare Professionals-Revised (IAPCC-R). This instrument assesses five subscales: Cultural Desire, Cultural Awareness, Cultural Knowledge, Cultural Skill and Cultural Encounter. The evaluation process was guided by Gessinger´s structure for translation, validation, and reliability. After translation and adaptation with the help of a group of experts, validity tests were conducted by response test (n=15) and on the content (n=7) and internal structure and internal reliability (n=334). The tests revealed weak validity and reliability for the instrument, and additional item and factor analysis did not confirm the proposed structure. These problems might be related to the translation and adaptation or the structure of the instrument. The IAPCC-R was found to not be appropriate for use in a Swedish context.
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- Sairanen, Raija, et al.
(author)
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Putting culture in the curriculum : A European project
- 2013
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In: Nurse Education in Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 13:2, s. 118-124
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to describe the rationale for and the method of designing a framework for a European curriculum to promote intercultural competence in health care students. The background relating to the migration of people into and across Europe is cited as the factor driving the need for such a project. The project group emerged from the European organisation known as COHEHRE (Consortium of Higher Education Institutes in Health and Rehabilitation in Europe). Composed of a group of nurse educators from 5 European countries it charts the process which led them to create a curriculum framework. The completed work is available in the form of a CD-ROM. The paper describes the steps taken to reach the project outcomes over 4 years. The methods of dissemination of the project outcomes are included. The discussion considers the journey of the group towards the outcomes of the project and identifies the need to discover how effective the framework is in achieving the aims of the group. In conclusion it articulates the hope that this work will improve the care which is shown to all recipients of health care whatever their cultural background.
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