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- Jakobsen Falk, Ingrid, et al.
(author)
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Decreased survival in normal karyotype AML with single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes encoding the AraC metabolizing enzymes cytidine deaminase and 5'-nucleotidase
- 2013
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In: American Journal of Hematology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0361-8609 .- 1096-8652. ; 88:12, s. 1001-1006
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- De novo acute myeloid leukemia with normal karyotype (NK-AML) comprises a large group of patients with no common cytogenetic alterations and with a large variation in treatment response. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to the metabolism of the nucleoside analogue AraC, the backbone in AML treatment, might affect drug sensitivity and treatment outcome. Therefore, SNPs may serve as prognostic biomarkers aiding clinicians in individualized treatment decisions, with the aim of improving patient outcomes. We analyzed polymorphisms in genes encoding cytidine deaminase (CDA 79A>C rs2072671 and −451C>T rs532545), 5′-nucleotidase (cN-II 7A>G rs10883841), and deoxycytidine kinase (DCK 3′UTR 948T>C rs4643786) in 205 de novo NK-AML patients. In FLT3-internal tandem duplication (ITD)-positive patients, the CDA 79C/C and −451T/T genotypes were associated with shorter overall survival compared to other genotypes (5 vs. 24 months, P < 0.001 and 5 vs. 23 months, P = 0.015, respectively), and this was most pronounced in FLT3-ITD-positive/NPM1-positive patients. We observed altered in vitro sensitivity to topoisomerase inhibitory drugs, but not to nucleoside analogues, and a decrease in global DNA methylation in cells carrying both CDA variant alleles. A shorter survival was also observed for the cN-II variant allele, but only in FLT3-ITD-negative patients (25 vs. 31 months, P = 0.075). Our results indicate that polymorphisms in genes related to nucleoside analog drug metabolism may serve as prognostic markers in de novo NK-AML
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- Paul, Esbjörn, et al.
(author)
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Low p14ARF expression in de novo acute myeloid leukemia with normal karyotype is associated with poor survival
- 2009
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In: Leukemia and Lymphoma. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1042-8194 .- 1029-2403. ; 50:9, s. 1512-1518
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The p14ARF protein activates the p53 tumor suppressor by binding to and inhibiting its negative regulator HDM-2. We have studied the prognostic impact of p14ARF in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Leukemic cells from 57 adult patients with normal karyotype de novo AML were analyzed for p14ARF mRNA expression level using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We also tested the effect of conventional anti-leukemic drugs and the mutant p53-targeting small molecule PRIMA-1 in vitro. Patients whose cells expressed more p14ARF mRNA than the 75th percentile (0.26) had significantly better survival compared with those expressing lower levels, 61 vs. 30% 3-year survival (p = 0.046). The difference remained significant also when NPM1/FLT3 status was considered. The mean effects of all the tested conventional anti-leukemic drugs were greater in leukemic cell samples expressing p14ARF mRNA >or= 0.26, but the differences were not statistically significant. In contrast, PRIMA-1 had a significantly greater effect on leukemic cell samples with low levels of p14ARF mRNA. We conclude that low levels of p14ARF mRNA in leukemic cells from patients with normal karyotype AML is associated with poor prognosis. Treatment with drugs targeting p53 may be a future possibility to improve outcome for these patients.
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- Szczygieł, Julia Alicja, et al.
(author)
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Gene Therapy Vector Encoding Neuropeptide Y and Its Receptor Y2 for Future Treatment of Epilepsy : Preclinical Data in Rats
- 2020
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In: Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1662-5099. ; 13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Gene therapy to treat pharmacoresistant temporal lobe epilepsy in humans is now being developed using an AAV vector (CG01) that encodes the combination of neuropeptide Y and its antiepileptic receptor Y2. With this in mind, the present study aimed to provide important preclinical data on the effects of CG01 on the duration of transgene expression, cellular tropism, and potential side effects on body weight and cognitive function. The CG01 vector was administered unilaterally into the dorsal and ventral hippocampus of adult male rats and expression of both transgenes was found to remain elevated without a sign of decline at 6 months post-injection. CG01 appeared to mediate expression selectively in hippocampal neurons, without expression in astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. No effects were seen on body weight as well as on short- or long-term memory as revealed by testing in the Y-maze or Morris water maze tests. Thus these data show that unilateral CG01 vector treatment as future gene therapy in pharmacoresistant temporal lobe epilepsy patients should result in stable and long-term expression predominantly in neurons and be well tolerated without side effects on body weight and cognitive function.
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- Willander, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
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Mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 genes and IDH1 SNP 105C>T have a prognostic value in acute myeloid leukemia
- 2014
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In: Biomarker Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2050-7771. ; 2:18
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1/IDH2) genes are frequently mutated and reported to associate with poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We have investigated the frequency and outcome of the acquired IDH1/IDH2 mutations and the IDH1 SNP 105C>T (rs11554137) in 207 unselected de novo AML patients. IDH1 codon 132 mutations were present in 7.7%, whereas IDH2 mutations were more frequent and mutations were identified in codon 140 and 172 in a frequency of 10.1% and 2.9%, respectively. The SNP 105C>T was present in 10.1% of the patients, similar to the normal population. A significantly reduced overall survival (OS) for patients carrying IDH2 codon 140 mutation compared with patients carrying wild-type IDH2 gene (p=0.009) was observed in the intermediate risk patient group with cytogenetically normal karyotype (CN-AML). Neither in the entire patient group nor subdivided in different risk groups, IDH1 mutations had any significance on OS compared to the wild-type IDH1 patients. A significant difference in OS between the heterozygous SNP variant and the homozygous wild-type was observed in the intermediate risk FLT3 negative CN-AML, (p=0.007). Our results indicate that IDH2 mutations and the IDH1 SNP 105C>T variant may represent a new subgroup for risk stratification and may indicate new treatment options.
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