| 1. |
- Joffrin, E., et al.
(author)
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Overview of the JET preparation for deuterium-tritium operation with the ITER like-wall
- 2019
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In: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 59:11
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- For the past several years, the JET scientific programme (Pamela et al 2007 Fusion Eng. Des. 82 590) has been engaged in a multi-campaign effort, including experiments in D, H and T, leading up to 2020 and the first experiments with 50%/50% D-T mixtures since 1997 and the first ever D-T plasmas with the ITER mix of plasma-facing component materials. For this purpose, a concerted physics and technology programme was launched with a view to prepare the D-T campaign (DTE2). This paper addresses the key elements developed by the JET programme directly contributing to the D-T preparation. This intense preparation includes the review of the physics basis for the D-T operational scenarios, including the fusion power predictions through first principle and integrated modelling, and the impact of isotopes in the operation and physics of D-T plasmas (thermal and particle transport, high confinement mode (H-mode) access, Be and W erosion, fuel recovery, etc). This effort also requires improving several aspects of plasma operation for DTE2, such as real time control schemes, heat load control, disruption avoidance and a mitigation system (including the installation of a new shattered pellet injector), novel ion cyclotron resonance heating schemes (such as the three-ions scheme), new diagnostics (neutron camera and spectrometer, active Alfven eigenmode antennas, neutral gauges, radiation hard imaging systems...) and the calibration of the JET neutron diagnostics at 14 MeV for accurate fusion power measurement. The active preparation of JET for the 2020 D-T campaign provides an incomparable source of information and a basis for the future D-T operation of ITER, and it is also foreseen that a large number of key physics issues will be addressed in support of burning plasmas.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Magnus, et al.
(author)
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Fiskbestånd och miljö i hav och sötvatten : Resurs- och miljööversikt 2012
- 2012
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Detta är den nionde utgåvan av den samlade översikten över fisk- och kräftdjursbeståndens status i våra vatten. Kunskap om fiskbestånden och miljön är en förutsättning för att utnyttjandet av fiskresurserna skall bli bärkraftigt. För svenska vattenområden beskrivs miljöutvecklingen i ett ekosystemsperspektiv, dels för att tydliggöra fiskens ekologiska roll och beskriva yttre miljöfaktorer som påverkar fiskbestånden, dels för att belysa fiskets effekter på miljön.Fiskbestånd och miljö i hav och sötvatten är utarbetad av Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), Institutionen för akvatiska resurser (SLU Aqua), på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten. Rapporten sammanfattar utveckling och beståndsstatus för de kommersiellt viktigaste fisk- och kräftdjursarterna i våra vatten. Bedömningar och förvaltningsråd är baserade på Internationella Havsforskningsrådets (ICES) rådgivning, SLU Aquas nationella och regionala provfiskedata, samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.
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| 4. |
- Barrett, Damon, et al.
(author)
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Best interests and low thresholds: legal and ethical issues relating to needle and syringe services for under 18s in Sweden
- 2022
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In: Harm Reduction Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1477-7517. ; 19:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Access for legal minors to needle and syringe programmes raises a number of practical, legal and ethical challenges that traverse clinical practice, child protection and child rights. This article addresses the current legal age restriction on access to needle and syringe programmes (NSPs) in Sweden. Based on legislation and legislative preparatory works, it traces the rationale for retaining an age restriction in the context of a policy priority to improve access for people who inject drugs. Building on threshold theory and child rights literature, the article unpacks the apparent tension between protecting the low threshold nature of service provision, child protection duties of healthcare staff, and the best interests of the child. It explores whether this tension could be alleviated through replacing a legal age restriction for all with best interests assessments for each individual, and discusses the potential ethical and practical challenges involved in such a change.
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| 5. |
- Barrett, Damon, et al.
(author)
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Child-centred harm reduction
- 2022
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In: International Journal of Drug Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0955-3959 .- 1873-4758. ; 109
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Harm reduction has become increasingly influential in drug policy and practice, but has developed primarily around adult drug use. Theoretical, practical, ethical and legal issues pertaining to children and adolescents under the age of majority – both relating to their own use and the effects of drug use among parents or within the family – are less clear. This commentary proposes a sub-field of drug policy at the intersection of harm reduction and childhood which we refer to as ‘child-centred harm reduction’. We provide a definition and conceptual model, as well as illustrative questions that emerge through a child-centred harm reduction lens. Many people in different countries are already working on these kinds of issues, whose work needs greater recognition, analysis and support. In beginning to name and define this sub-field we hope to improve this situation, and inspire further international debate, collaboration, and innovation.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Berg, Karin, 1981, et al.
(author)
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Keeping concerned significant others at a distance in compulsory treatment for people with substance use in Sweden
- 2022
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In: Drugs: education prevention and policy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0968-7637 .- 1465-3370. ; 29:2, s. 121-129
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- While previous drug treatment research has focused on the importance of supportive social relationships for recovery from alcohol and drugs, less is known about how this theme relates to compulsory drug treatment. This study analyzes how staff at four compulsory treatment institutions for adult drug users in Sweden rationalize the importance of maintaining contact with concerned significant others (CSOs) during the client’s treatment. Four focus groups (22 participants) were carried out and analyzed thematically. This study shows that staff perceives the client’s initial isolation as a necessity, primarily making CSOs a problem or distraction in relation to the recovery process. Moreover, staff position CSOs in two broad categories, as either ‘problematic’ or ‘resourceful’ in relation to a client’s recovery. The two categories are used to justify individual regulation between clients and their CSOs, which varies between strictness and leniency. In addition, staff position themselves as guides, finding it necessary to help clients regulate problematic CSOs themselves and strengthen the link to those who are seen as resources. These two forms of regulatory work – setting rules and providing guidance – are analyzed in terms of disciplinary and pastoral power.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Bombarda, F., et al.
(author)
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Runaway electron beam control
- 2019
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In: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-6587 .- 0741-3335. ; 61:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Davidsson, Tobias, 1981, et al.
(author)
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En introduktion
- 2016
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In: Social exkludering. Perspektiv, process, problemkonstruktion. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144109824 ; , s. 15-31
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Davidsson, Tobias, 1981, et al.
(author)
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Towards an actor-oriented approach to social exclusion: a critical review of contemporary exclusion research in a Swedish social work context
- 2018
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In: European Journal of Social Work. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1369-1457 .- 1468-2664. ; 21:2, s. 167-180
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Social exclusion has emerged as a key concept within Swedish social work research during the last decade. Yet, despite the plethora of conceptualisations put forward there is a dearth of critical discussion on potential pitfalls and limitations following this fragmentation. This article investigates the deployment of social exclusion in national social work research during the period 1999–2016. Three separate but linked research strands are identified: (1) a policy-absorbed approach, characterised by conceptual and analytical closeness to the Swedish policy discourse on exclusion, (2) a diluted approach, characterised by conceptual confusion and conflation and (3) an autonomous approach, distinguished by its conceptual and analytical distance from the official policy discourse on exclusion. Based on presented findings, we argue that there is need for an actor-oriented approach to social exclusion within social work research. We conclude with proposing a multi-level analytical framework that involves studying the sequence of events leading up to people being denied access to social, economic, material, cultural and/or political resources.
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| 15. |
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Den motspänstiga akademikern. Festskrift till Ingrid Sahlin
- 2017
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna bok är en festskrift till Ingrid Sahlin, professor i socialt arbete. Festskriftens innehåller spänner över samtida problemställningar och aktuell forskning inom centrala socialvetenskapliga områden som kriminologi, socialt arbete och sociologi. Totalt medverkar 37 författare i 23 kapitel som på olika sätt speglar centrala spår i Ingrid Sahlins forskningsverksamhet.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Eriksson, Frida, 1986, et al.
(author)
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Impact of fast ions on density peaking in JET : fluid and gyrokinetic modeling
- 2019
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In: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0741-3335 .- 1361-6587. ; 61:7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effect of fast ions on turbulent particle transport, driven by ion temperature gradient (ITG)/trapped electron mode turbulence, is studied. Two neutral beam injection (NBI) heated JET discharges in different regimes are analyzed at the radial position rho(t) = 0.6, one of them an L-mode and the other one an H-mode discharge. Results obtained from the computationally efficient fluid model EDWM and the gyro-fluid model TGLF are compared to linear and nonlinear gyrokinetic GENE simulations as well as the experimentally obtained density peaking. In these models, the fast ions are treated as a dynamic species with a Maxwellian background distribution. The dependence of the zero particle flux density gradient (peaking factor) on fast ion density, temperature and corresponding gradients, is investigated. The simulations show that the inclusion of a fast ion species has a stabilizing influence on the ITG mode and reduces the peaking of the main ion and electron density profiles in the absence of sources. The models mostly reproduce the experimentally obtained density peaking for the L-mode discharge whereas the H-mode density peaking is significantly underpredicted, indicating the importance of the NBI particle source for the H-mode density profile.
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| 19. |
- Eriksson, Frida, 1986, et al.
(author)
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Interpretative and predictive modelling of Joint European Torus collisionality scans
- 2019
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In: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0741-3335 .- 1361-6587. ; 61:11
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Transport modelling of Joint European Torus (JET) dimensionless collisionality scaling experiments in various operational scenarios is presented. Interpretative simulations at a fixed radial position are combined with predictive JETTO simulations of temperatures and densities, using the TGLF transport model. The model includes electromagnetic effects and collisions as well as (E)over-right-arrow x (b)over-right-arrow shear in Miller geometry. Focus is on particle transport and the role of the neutral beam injection (NBI) particle source for the density peaking. The experimental 3-point collisionality scans include L-mode, and H-mode (D and H and higher beta D plasma) plasmas in a total of 12 discharges. Experimental results presented in (Tala et al 2017 44th EPS Conf.) indicate that for the H-mode scans, the NBI particle source plays an important role for the density peaking, whereas for the L-mode scan, the influence of the particle source is small. In general, both the interpretative and predictive transport simulations support the experimental conclusions on the role of the NBI particle source for the 12 JET discharges.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Eriksson, Tommy, et al.
(author)
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ApoLänk decreases patient medication discrepancies at discharge: initial experience from a Swedish bedside pharmacy service
- 2013
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In: European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy: Science and Practice. - : BMJ. - 2047-9964 .- 2047-9956. ; 20:1, s. 54-56
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To develop a working model so that dispensing pharmacists, patients and medical staff can work together to identify, solve and prevent problems associated with discharge prescriptions. Method: A routine was developed for communication between pharmacists, patients and medical staff and for dispensing drugs at the bedside. Hospital medication lists and prescriptions from the pharmacy and healthcare databases were simultaneously assessed. The study was carried out in two neurological wards in a Swedish university hospital. Results: Major shortcomings were identified in the coordination of pharmacy and healthcare records and in patients’ ability to take responsibility for their medication at discharge. Discussion between patients and staff allowed discrepancies in communication and documentation to be corrected. Cooperation between pharmacists and nurses was perceived as being very positive and important. Conclusions: The Apolänk service was appreciated by nurses, is almost cost neutral and reduces discrepancies that have the potential to cause patient harm.
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| 22. |
- Franzén, Frida, et al.
(author)
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Förstudie om beställarnätverk för cement, betong och alternativ
- 2024
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Den här förstudien syftade till att undersöka behoven av ett beställarnätverk förcement, betong och alternativ, samt hur ett sådant skulle kunna organiserats. Idagfinns klimatförbättrad betong på marknaden, men efterfrågan är svag. Ett beställarnätverk kan tänkas höja kompetensen hos beställarna för att ställa högre klimatkrav i upphandling av betong.Förstudien har utgått från ett antal frågeställningar och använt en intervjustudie som den centrala delen i informationsinhämtningen. En för projektet sammansatt expertgrupp har stöttat förstudien med kunskap inom relaterade branscher och sakfrågor såsom offentlig upphandling, beställarnätverk, bygg- och anläggningsbranschen samt betongbranschen. För urval av informanter utfördes en schematisk bild av leverantörs- och beställarled för cement, betong och alternativ. Den visar på en komplex väv av aktörer som på olika sätt påverkar hela värdekedjan. Vem som kan ses som ”beställare” i relation till upphandling av cement, betong och alternativ i denna väv är inte helt enkelt. Förstudien valde att inte hantera beställare av cement, då detta är betongleverantörer/producenter. Studien fokuserar således på beställare av betong, och till viss del alternativ (alternativa material till betong). Även med denna avgränsning är det potentiella antalet beställare som skulle kunna vara tilltänkta för ett beställarnätverk stort, varför förstudiens resultat behöver beaktas i det hänseendet och med den osäkerhet det innebär framför allt gällande beställares behov av ett beställarnätverk.I förstudien genomfördes 14 intervjuer med offentliga beställare, myndigheter, privata beställare, samt akademi och innovationsprogram. Beställarna var överlag positiva till bildandet av ett beställarnätverk. De flesta har idag utmaningar med att ta till sig ny kunskap då utvecklingen i betongbranschen går snabbt, att förstå upphandlingstekniska aspekter såsom kravställning på klimatförbättrad betong, samt hur man kan räkna och följa upp klimataspekter i byggprojekt. De övriga informanterna var till viss del tveksamma till att ett beställarnätverk är den rätta lösningen för att förflytta branschen och skapa större efterfrågan för klimatförbättrad betong. Dock ansåg samtliga informanter att det krävs ett stortkunskapslyft, i samtliga led i beställarledet, från planerare till projektör.Angående organisering ansåg de offentliga beställarna (kommuner) samt expertgruppen att det bör vara ett beställarnätverk endast för offentliga beställare, på grund av de särskilda förutsättningar som dessa har. De flesta ansåg inte att ett beställarnätverk behöver delas upp på byggsektor respektive anläggningssektor, men att det finns en utmaning med att få frågorna i nätverket relevanta för samtligaaktörer. Vidare ansåg de flesta att ett beställarnätverk behöver vara finansierat och styrt av en eller flera myndigheter. Då krävs det dock ett tydligt regeringsuppdrag, med öronmärkt finansiering för detta samordningsuppdrag.Många informanter menar att det krävs initiativ och samordning för att täppa kunskapsluckan som finns i beställarled, med den kunskap som finns genom aktuella forsknings- och innovationssatsningar samt befintliga vägledningar. Här menade de flesta att det dock inte handlar om ett beställarnätverk, utan snarare om att bygga på de nätverk och andra konstellationer för samverkan som redan finns och facilitera kunskapsspridning i olika branscher.Förstudien presenterar avslutningsvis ett antal rekommendationer för fortsatt arbete, som kan delas upp i två huvudsakliga spår: ett spår gällande fortsatt utredning för ett offentligt beställarnätverk eller liknande, och ett spår för fortsatt utredning kring en nationell plattform som samlar fler aktörer. Här nedan följer rekommendationerna i korthet:Som en miniminivå rekommenderar förstudien att det görs en vidare analysi hur offentliga beställare helst tar del av ny information och stöd om upphandling av betong och alternativ med mindre klimatpåverkan.Som en maximinivå rekommenderar förstudien att det görs utredningar kring möjligheter att ge ett regeringsuppdrag till en myndighet att etableraett forum för samverkan kring klimatförbättrad betong och alternativ.Utred hur det arbete som Upphandlingsmyndigheten gör, kring upphandlingsstöd av klimatförbättrad betong bäst förvaltas för genomslag hos beställare.Involvera branschorganisationer för att nå stora delar av branscherna och privata beställare.Bygg på det som finns! Med detta avses kunskap och erfarenheter i berörda branscher samt befintliga samverkansinitiativ, dock inte på befintliga beställarnätverk.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Holeksa, Julie
(author)
-
Varying drug policies and unequal access to harm reduction : Experiences, mobility, and risk management of people who use drugs
- 2024
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Sweden has a history of a restrictive drug policy, with a national policy focus on achieving a “drug free society.” This has led to a relatively slow development of “harm reduction” services, those services which aim to reduce risk and vulnerability for people who use drugs (PWUD), without requiring drug abstention. The harm reduction services which do exist are inequitably distributed across the country. In this context, this project aims to explore the attitudes of social work professionals (SWP) towards harm reduction, and the experiences of Swedish PWUD. The data consist of a survey of SWP (208 responses), interviews with PWUD in an area of limited harm reduction (11), and interviews with PWUD who had travelled to Denmark, a country with a less restrictive drug policy approach (17). Article I utilizes survey data to explore the perspectives of Swedish SWP regarding the philosophy of harm reduction and specific harm reduction initiatives. The study reveals a generally positive attitude towards harm reduction, albeit with significant geographical variances. There were low levels of support concerning the adoption of newer harm reduction strategies. Less positive attitudes and negativity regarding new interventions were significantly associated with SWP in areas with lesser exposure to harm reduction practices. Article II examines how PWUD in a small urban center handle the absence of local harm reduction services. The participants’ experiences are interpreted using the theoretical concept of “risk environment” which highlights how various environmental factors interact to produce risk of drug-related harm. Strategies ranged from traveling to external needle exchange programs, relying on unofficial secondary distribution, to risk behaviours such as stealing, reusing, or sharing injection equipment. Many were homeless, articulating a continuous struggle to find temporary shelter. They injected drugs in unsafe places, such as public toilets, increasing risk of overdose or infection. They also expressed 10 feeling stigmatized and excluded from society which compounded their stress, risk of disease transmission and overdose, and poor overall wellbeing. Article III explores the motivations behind the mobility of PWUD from Sweden to Denmark. The “risk environment” framework was used to contextualize decision-making and risks, based on the physical, social, policy, and economic environments. The study identifies harm reduction service availability, stigma, social networks, the drug scene, and policing practices, as key drivers for relocation. Despite the perceived benefits of moving, such as improved access to harm reduction services, participants also reported exposure to new risks, including violence, potential exclusion from a range of services, and exposure to new drugs. Article IV analyzes the reflections of PWUD on their experiences in Sweden and Denmark in the context of each nation’s drug policy. The analysis explored experiences of stigma and coupled these to concepts of identity and social exclusion. In daily interactions, participants felt ignored and dehumanized in Sweden’s zero-tolerance environment, whereas in Denmark, a country with a harm reduction approach, they felt visible and valued as individuals. This, combined with more developed services and a less punitive policing approach, led participants to feel included in society in Denmark. Contrasts between experiences in the two countries were also echoed in participants’ interactions with the healthcare system, relating to feeling controlled in Sweden, or being given autonomy and trust over their care in Denmark. Collectively, this thesis highlights the interplay between drug policies, care formats, policing practices, social interactions, the attitudes of SWP, and the lived experiences of PWUD. While overall positive, the attitudes towards care goals and interventions differ between different areas, among professionals who provide care to PWUD. PWUDs’ movement to and experiences in different settings can be used to offer an insight into their own policy preferences. The project demonstrates the role of constructions, and resulting drug policy, in how they influence PWUDs’ experiences of stigma and exclusion, and their risk environments.
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| 26. |
- Holst, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Cost-effectiveness of a care manager collaborative care programme for patients with depression in primary care: 12-month economic evaluation of a pragmatic randomised controlled trial
- 2021
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In: Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-7547. ; 19
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To study the cost-effectiveness of a care manager organization for patients with mild to moderate depression in Swedish primary care in a 12-month perspective. Methods: Cost-effectiveness analysis of the care manager organization compared to care as usual (CAU) in a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial including 192 individuals in the care manager group and 184 in the CAU group. Cost-effectiveness was assessed from a health care and societal perspectives. Costs were assessed in relation to two different health outcome measures: depression free days (DFDs) and quality adjusted life years (QALYs). Results: At the 12-month follow-up, patients treated at the intervention Primary Care Centres (PCCs) with a care manager organization had larger health benefits than the group receiving usual care only at control PCCs. Mean QALY per patient was 0.73 (95% CI 0.7; 0.75) in the care manager group compared to 0.70 (95% CI 0.66; 0.73) in the CAU group. Mean DFDs was 203 (95% CI 178; 229) in the care manager group and 155 (95% CI 131; 179) in the CAU group. Further, from a societal perspective, care manager care was associated with a lower cost than care as usual, resulting in a dominant incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for both QALYs and DFDs. From a health care perspective care manager care was related to a low cost per QALY (36,500 SEK / €3,379) and DFD (31 SEK/€3). Limitations: A limitation is the fact that QALY data was impaired by insufficient EQ-5D data for some patients. Conclusions: A care manager organization at the PCC to increase quality of care for patients with mild-moderate depression shows high health benefits, with no decay over time, and high cost-effectiveness both from a health care and a societal perspective. Trial registration details: The trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.com (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02378272) in 02/02/2015 with the registration number NCT02378272. The first patient was enrolled in 11/20/2014.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Jarl, Frida, et al.
(author)
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Overcoming the struggle of living with type 2 diabetes : diabetes specialist nurses' and patients' perspectives on digital interventions
- 2023
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In: BMC Health Services Research. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-6963. ; 23:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) is a cornerstone in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is unclear whether delivering DSMES as a digital health intervention (DHI) might meet the needs experienced by patients with T2DM and diabetes specialist nurses (DSN) of the primary health care system in Sweden. METHODS: Fourteen patients with T2DM and four DSN participated in three separate focus groups: two groups comprised patients and one group comprised DSN. The patients discussed the questions: "What needs did you experience after your T2DM diagnosis?" and "How might these needs be met with a DHI?" The DSN discussed the questions: "What needs do you experience when treating a patient with newly diagnosed T2DM?" and "How might these needs be met with a DHI?". Furthermore, data were collected in the form of field notes from group discussions at a meeting including 18 DSNs working with T2DM in PHCCs. The discussions from focus groups were transcribed verbatim and analyzed together with the field notes from the meeting using inductive content analysis. RESULTS: The analysis yielded the overall theme: "Overcoming the struggle of living with T2DM", which was summarized in two categories: "learning and being prepared" and "giving and receiving support". Important findings were that, for success, a DHI for DSMES must be integrated into routine care, provide structured, high-quality information, suggest tasks to stimulate behavioral changes, and provide feedback from the DSN to the patient. CONCLUSION: This study highlighted several important aspects, from the perspectives of both the patient with T2DM and the DSN, which should be taken into consideration for the successful development and use of a DHI for DSMES.
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| 29. |
- Jönsen, Andreas, et al.
(author)
-
Direct and indirect costs for systemic lupus erythematosus in Sweden. A nationwide health economic study based on five defined cohorts
- 2016
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In: Seminars in Arthritis & Rheumatism. - : Elsevier BV. - 0049-0172 .- 1532-866X. ; 45:6, s. 684-690
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: The main objectives of this study were to calculate total costs of illness and cost -driving disease features among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Sweden. Methods: Five cohorts of well-defined SLE patients, located in different parts of the country were merged. Incident and prevalent cases from 2003 through 2010 were included. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria was used. From the local cohorts, data on demographics, disease activity (SLEDAI 2K), and organ damage (SDI) were collected. Costs for inpatient care, specialist outpatient care and drugs were retrieved from national registries at the National Board of Health and Welfare. Indirect costs were calculated based on sickness leave and disability pensions from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency. Results: In total, 1029 SLE patients, 88% females, were included, and approximately 75% were below 65 years at the end of follow-up, and thus in working age. The mean number of annual specialist physician visits varied from six to seven; mean annual inpatient days were 3.1-3.6, and mean annual sick leave was 123-148 days, all per patient. The total annual cost was 208,555 SEK ($33,369 = 22,941(sic)), of which direct cost was 63,672kr ($10,188 = 7004(sic)) and the indirect cost was 144,883 SEK ($23,181 = 15,937(sic)), all per patient. The costs for patients with short disease duration were higher. Higher disease activity as measured by a SLEDAI 2K score > 3 was associated with approximately 50% increase in both indirect and direct costs. Damage in the neuropsychiatric and musculoskeletal domains were also linked to higher direct and indirect costs, while organ damage in the renal and ocular systems increased direct costs. Conclusion: Based on this study and an estimate of slightly more than 6000 SLE patients in Sweden, the total annual cost for SLE in the country is estimated at $188 million (= 129.5 million (sic)). Both direct (30%) and indirect costs (70%) are substantial. Medication accounts for less than 10% of the total cost. The tax paid national systems for health care and social security in Sweden ensure equal access to health care, sick leave reimbursements, and disability pensions nationwide. Our extrapolated annual costs for SLE in Sweden are therefore the best supported estimations thus far, and they clearly underline the importance of improved management, especially to reduce the indirect costs. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Krasilnikov, A., et al.
(author)
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Evidence of 9 Be + p nuclear reactions during 2ω CH and hydrogen minority ICRH in JET-ILW hydrogen and deuterium plasmas
- 2018
-
In: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 58:2
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The intensity of 9Be + p nuclear fusion reactions was experimentally studied during second harmonic (2ω CH) ion-cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) and further analyzed during fundamental hydrogen minority ICRH of JET-ILW hydrogen and deuterium plasmas. In relatively low-density plasmas with a high ICRH power, a population of fast H+ ions was created and measured by neutral particle analyzers. Primary and secondary nuclear reaction products, due to 9Be + p interaction, were observed with fast ion loss detectors, γ-ray spectrometers and neutron flux monitors and spectrometers. The possibility of using 9Be(p, d)2α and 9Be(p, α)6Li nuclear reactions to create a population of fast alpha particles and study their behaviour in non-active stage of ITER operation is discussed in the paper.
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| 35. |
- Lagerstrand, Kerstin M, et al.
(author)
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Treatment decision in a 4-year-old-boy with left ventricular outpouching after advanced hemodynamical flow evaluation with 4Dflow CMR: A case report.
- 2022
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In: Frontiers in pediatrics. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-2360. ; 10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The present study presents a diagnostic course for the characterization of a congenital left ventricular outpouching (LVO) in a 4-year-old boy with severe neonatal heart failure, evaluating the added value of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) 4Dflow. Case presentation: A boy, born at full term, presented with heart failure immediately after birth. Echocardiography showed dilated left ventricle with poor function and LVO was initially interpreted as an aneurysm. No infection, inflammation, or other cause for heart failure was found. With intensive medical treatment, the heart function returned to normal, and eventually, all medication was terminated. At follow-up, surgical treatment of the LVO was discussed but after CMR 4Dflow, a thorough evaluation of the function of the left ventricle as well as the LVO was possible and the LVO was determined a double-chambered left ventricle with a good prognosis. Conclusions: The present case demonstrates the clinical usability of CMR 4Dflow for improved decision-making and risk assessment, revealing advanced hemodynamic flow patterns with no need for operation.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Maggi, C. F., et al.
(author)
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Isotope identity experiments in JET-ILW with H and D L-mode plasmas
- 2019
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In: Nuclear Fusion. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 59:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- NBI-heated L-mode plasmas have been obtained in JET with the Be/W ITER-like wall (JET-ILW) in H and D, with matched profiles of the dimensionless plasma parameters, rho*, nu*, beta and q in the plasma core confinement region and same T-i/T-e and Z(eff). The achieved isotope identity indicates that the confinement scale invariance principle is satisfied in the core confinement region of these plasmas, where the dominant instabilities are Ion Temperature Gradient (ITG) modes. The dimensionless thermal energy confinement time, Omega(i) tau(E,th), and the scaled core plasma heat diffusivity, A chi(eff)/B-T, are identical in H and D within error bars, indicating lack of isotope mass dependence of the dimensionless L-mode thermal energy confinement time in JET-ILW. Predictive flux driven simulations with JETTO-TGLF of the H and D identity pair is in very good agreement with experiment for both isotopes: the stiff core heat transport, typical of JET-ILW NBI heated L-modes, overcomes the local gyro-Bohm scaling of gradient-driven TGLF, explaining the lack of isotope mass dependence in the confinement region of these plasmas. The effect of E x B shearing on the predicted heat and particle transport channels is found to be negligible for these low beta and low momentum input plasmas.
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| 39. |
- Meeuwisse, Anna, et al.
(author)
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"Statlig kunskapsstyrning" - en exkluderingsprocess
- 2017
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In: Den motspänstiga akademikern : Festskrift till Ingrid Sahlin - Festskrift till Ingrid Sahlin. - 9789198131789 ; , s. 107-134
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 40. |
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Message from guest editor
- 2018
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In: Language. Discourse & Society. - 2239-4192. ; 6:2, s. 5-7
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Nordstedt, Maria
(author)
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Konsten att göra (sprut)utbyten : Sprutbytets betydelse i skärningspunkten mellan politik, yrkespraktik och människors vardagsliv
- 2023
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The Art of Needle Exchange: The Significance of Needle Exchange Programs at the Intersection of Politics, Professional Practice, and People's Everyday LivesThis doctoral thesis discusses how social meanings are constructed in needle exchange programs. For nearly four decades, Sweden has implemented needle exchange programs to prevent the spread of bloodborne viral infections. However, a restrictive drug policy and resistance to harm reduction efforts have led to limitations in access to these programs, both in terms of geography and through an exclusionary regulatory framework. The effectiveness of needle exchange programs in reducing the risk of infection associated with injection-related behaviour is clearly positive. However, there are limited scientific studies on the more socially oriented meanings of needle exchange programs. With needle exchange programs as a physical and social place, the overarching aim of this thesis is to understand how the creation of social meanings of needle exchanges is achieved through time, space, and social interaction, primarily between the program's visitors and its staff. The empirical material primarily consists of 16 months of ethnographic fieldwork, including participant observations and informal conversations at two needle exchange programs in southern Sweden, as well as in the everyday lives of individuals who visit these programs. Through extensive ethnographic narratives and analyses based on theories of everyday life, resistance, time, and gifts, the thesis demonstrates that needle exchange programs hold multiple meanings created through interactions between visitors and staff. Two concurrent and parallel tracks contribute to understanding what needle exchange programs mean to those who visit them. One track starts with a counterproductive regulatory framework where requirements and rules result in some visitors coming less often than they need to or not at all. The other track involves countless material and relational exchanges that foster positive experiences of the needle exchange program, turning it into a place of social hope and a changed future. One of the thesis's most significant findings concerns the social work that takes place at the needle exchange program in the interactions between visitors and staff. These interactions also occur at the intersection of the norms and hierarchies of the drug world and the Swedish dream of a drug- free society. In the waiting room of the needle exchange program, negotiations are constantly underway to maintain it as a place of hopeful encounters, as opposed to a destructive refuge.
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| 43. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Palmblad, Eva, et al.
(author)
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Högkänslig personlighet: En exklusiv gemenskap
- 2016
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In: Social exkludering : Perspektiv, process, problemkonstruktion - Perspektiv, process, problemkonstruktion. - 9789144109824 ; , s. 241-263
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 47. |
- Pelaseyed, Thaher, 1979, et al.
(author)
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Unfolding dynamics of the mucin SEA domain probed by force spectroscopy suggest that it acts as a cell-protective device.
- 2013
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In: The FEBS journal. - : Wiley. - 1742-4658 .- 1742-464X. ; 280:6, s. 1491-501
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- MUC1 and other membrane-associated mucins harbor long, up to 1 μm, extended highly glycosylated mucin domains and sea urchin sperm protein, enterokinase and agrin (SEA) domains situated on their extracellular parts. These mucins line luminal tracts and organs, and are anchored to the apical cell membrane by a transmembrane domain. The SEA domain is highly conserved and undergoes a molecular strain-dependent autocatalytic cleavage during folding in the endoplasmic reticulum, a process required for apical plasma membrane expression. To date, no specific function has been designated for the SEA domain. Here, we constructed a recombinant protein consisting of three SEA domains in tandem and used force spectroscopy to assess the dissociation force required to unfold individual, folded SEA domains. Force-distance curves revealed three peaks, each representing unfolding of a single SEA domain. Fitting the observed unfolding events to a worm-like chain model yielded an average contour length of 32 nm per SEA domain. Analysis of forces applied on the recombinant protein revealed an average unfolding force of 168 pN for each SEA domain at a loading rate of 25 nN·s(-1). Thus, the SEA domain may act as a breaking point that can dissociate before the plasma membrane is breached when mechanical forces are applied to cell surfaces.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Petersson, Frida
(author)
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Controlling addiction. The logic, practice and semantics of methadone maintenance treatment
- 2013
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In: ESW Open Seminar Series Department of Social Work & Social Care, University of Sussex, 11th of December, 2013.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Treatment for drug addiction with methadone or buprenorphine was not accepted in Sweden until the end of the 1980s following decades of conflict and disagreement. Still it remains a highly questioned and controversial practice. In order to ‘qualify’, addicts must adhere to an especially strict set of criteria, including the preclusion of all other drug use, excessive drinking and the necessity for regular clinic visits. It is not uncommon for those ejected from these programmes to die from accidental overdose. The regulatory framework surrounding treatment for drug addiction is largely a result of Sweden’s strict drug policy whose ultimate goal is a ‘drug-free society’. Use of all non-prescribed narcotics is illegal and punishable, meaning that the use of drugs to tackle a persons’ drug addiction conflicts with the country’s own zero tolerance policy. In this presentation, Ms Petersson contributes to the understanding of drug maintenance treatment programmes, how power is exercised within them, and how addicts – and recovering addicts – are viewed in an institutional context.
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