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| 2. |
- Häggström, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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Framtidens säkerhetstjänst i totalförsvaret
- 2024
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Mot bakgrund av en breddad och allt mer komplex hotbild mot Sverige och en ambition att stärka den svenska totalförsvarsförmågan har regeringen och Regeringskansliet på senare år skjutit till nya medel och försvarsanslag till det militära och civila försvaret, inklusive den militära Säkerhetstjänsten. De har även tagit fram ett antal nya lagar och regler som på olika sätt syftar till att vägleda säkerhetstjänstens verksamhet och stärka landets motståndskraft mot olika säkerhetshot inom ramen för totalförsvaret.Denna antologi har till uppgift att utifrån olika perspektiv analysera hur moderna hotbilder, ny teknik, lagstiftning, natomedlemskap och krav på samverkan med andra myndigheter och företag kommer påverka den militära säkerhetstjänstens och säkerhetsunderrättelsetjänstens verksamhet i framtiden. Antologin är skriven av några av Sveriges ledande experter på området i syfte att beskriva de utmaningar som den militära säkerhetstjänsten och säkerhetsunderrättelsetjänsten står inför samtidigt som totalförsvaret och krisberedskapen i Sverige återuppbyggs.Några av de frågor som ställs i antologin är hur och i vilken utsträckning det försämrade säkerhetsläget i vårt närområde, ny säkerhetsskyddslagstiftning, ambitionen att stärka det svenska totalförsvaret och Sveriges medlemskap i Nato kommer leda till att säkerhetstjänstens arbetsuppgifter förändras i framtiden? Slutsatserna från denna antologi är säkerhetstjänsten och säkerhetsunderrättelsetjänsterna i Sverige står inför ett paradigmskifte där det kommer vara nödvändigt att modernisera organisationen och implementera ny teknik för att anpassa sig till den digitala eran. Även vikten av intensifierad internationell samverkan kommer spela stor roll för säkerhetstjänstens möjligheter att bedriva ett effektivt arbete på nationell nivå i framtiden. Det multilaterala samarbetet är här för att stanna även om det är svårt och bygger på förtroenden mellan stater som inte alltid finns.
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| 5. |
- André-Petersson, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Social support and behavior in a stressful situation in relation to myocardial infarction and mortality: who is at risk? Results from prospective cohort study "men born in 1914," malmö, sweden.
- 2006
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In: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1070-5503 .- 1532-7558. ; 13:4, s. 340-347
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Coronary heart disease remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Much data support the view that social support is associated with coronary heart disease. Participants of the study "Men born in 1914," (414 men) were followed from a baseline measurement in 1982183 until the end of 1996. At baseline, the men answered a questionnaire on social support and participated in a stressful test where their behavior was categorized as adaptive or maladaptive. This study examined whether social support had a prospective impact on the incidence of myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality when behavior in the stressful task was taken into consideration. The conclusion of the study was that unsatisfactory levels of social support is associated with an increased risk of incident myocardial infarction (HR 2.40, CI 1.36-4.25, p = .003) and premature death (HR 1.99, CI 1.32-3.00, p = .001) but only in men who had shown maladaptive behavior in the test.
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| 7. |
- Davidsson, Lars, 1974-
(author)
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I linje med partiet? : Maktspel och lojalitet i den svenska riksdagen
- 2006
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The preconditions for Swedish MPs’ (Members of Parliament) loyalty to their parliamentary party groups have been modified by two recent constitutional changes: the introduction of preference voting in the electoral system in 1998, and the 1997 reorganisation of the national budgetary process. The main purpose of this thesis is to determine the impact of these reforms on Swedish MPs’ inclination to defect from their party group’s interests. A theory is developed and its propositions empirically tested on the case of the Swedish Parliament. The theory states that the tasks of forming and upholding the party line are delegated from the party group to an elected leadership, and then re-delegated back to individual MPs. The party group leadership acts as a principal, monitoring the adherence of MPs as agents to party group interests in the fulfilment of these tasks. The nature of the interaction varies with the type of parliamentary activity, and the monitoring capacity of the leadership. This theory is strongly supported by Swedish data, and a comparative overview indicates that the theory may also be useful for analysing party loyalty in other parliamentary systems.The thesis uses a mixed methodology design, combining data from a survey study, an interview study, and a document study of Private Member Initiatives.The preference vote reform has increased MPs' willingness to defect, as well as actual defections from their party group’s interests. The effect is, however, mainly limited to electorally vulnerable MPs, who after the reform need to build a personal political profile. The budget reform has decreased defection on budgetary issues, but from a fairly low starting level. A third effect on party loyalty is found, in that the youngest generation MPs are significantly more prone to defect than their colleagues of older generations.
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| 9. |
- Jhund, Pardeep S., et al.
(author)
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Dapagliflozin across the Range of Ejection Fraction in Patients with Heart Failure : A Patient-Level, Pooled Meta-Analysis of DAPA-HF and DELIVER.
- 2022
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In: Nature medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 28:9, s. 1956-1964
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Whether the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin reduces the risk of a range of morbidity and mortality outcomes in patients with heart failure regardless of ejection fraction is unknown. A patient-level pooled meta-analysis of two trials testing dapagliflozin in participants with heart failure and different ranges of left ventricular ejection fraction ($<$/=40% and $>$40%) was pre-specified to examine the effect of treatment on endpoints that neither trial, individually, was powered for and to test the consistency of the effect of dapagliflozin across the range of ejection fractions. The pre-specified endpoints were: death from cardiovascular causes; death from any cause; total hospital admissions for heart failure; and the composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction or stroke (major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs)). A total of 11,007 participants with a mean ejection fraction of 44% (s.d. 14%) were included. Dapagliflozin reduced the risk of death from cardiovascular causes (hazard ratio (HR) 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76-0.97; P = 0.01), death from any cause (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.99; P = 0.03), total hospital admissions for heart failure (rate ratio 0.71, 95% CI 0.65-0.78; P $<$ 0.001) and MACEs (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.81-1.00; P = 0.045). There was no evidence that the effect of dapagliflozin differed by ejection fraction. In a patient- level pooled meta-analysis covering the full range of ejection fractions in patients with heart failure, dapagliflozin reduced the risk of death from cardiovascular causes and hospital admissions for heart failure (PROSPERO: CRD42022346524).
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| 10. |
- Löwendahl, Lars, 1940, et al.
(author)
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Dicarboxylic acids produced by oxygen-alkali treatment of birch xylan
- 1975
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In: Acta Chem. Scand. B. ; 29:4, s. 526-527
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- C-(2-Hydroxyethyl)tartronic acid is predominant among the dicarboxylic acids and its formation in 12 % yield makes it a major product from xylan. The structure indicates that it is formed from terminal, oxidized xylose units by beta-elimination at C-4 and subsequent benzilic acid rearrangement. It is proposed that 2-ulosonic acid end-groups or ulosono-1,5-lactone end-groups, related in structure to ascorbic acid, are formed as precursors.
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| 11. |
- Löwendahl, Lars, 1940, et al.
(author)
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Oxygen-alkali treatment of cellobiose
- 1975
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In: Acta Chem. Scand. B. ; 29:9, s. 975-980
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- C-(2,3-Dihydroxypropyl)tartronic acid is a major dicarboxylic acid formed during O2-NaOH and O2-NaHCO3 treatment of cellobiose. The observation that this acid is the main reaction product after alkali treatment ofascorbic acid in O2-free medium supports the conclusion that it is formed via an aglycon moiety related to ascorbic acid. Other dicarboxylic acids from cellobiose are oxalic, tartronic, deoxytetraric, C-(hydroxymethyl)tartronic, and succinic acids.The temperature, pH and additions of iron and cobalt salts strongly influence the product composition. The formation of aldobionic acids from cellobiose parallels the formationof aldonic acid end groups during oxygen bleaching of cellulose.
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| 12. |
- Löwendahl, Lars, 1940, et al.
(author)
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Phenolic compounds in kraft black liquor
- 1978
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In: Svensk Papperstidning. ; 81:12, s. 392-396
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The prominent phenolic compounds with one aromatic ring in kraft black liquor were analysed by a combination of liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Extracted spruce meal was cooked both under mild, conventional conditions and under extremely severe conditions. In all, the analyzed phenolic compounds amounted to 0.6 kg per 100 kg of dry wood under conventional conditions. In addition to 2-methoxyphenol, vanillin and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyacetophenone, several phenolic alcohols and carboxylic acids with the same aromatic substitution were isolated and identified. The yield of related 3,4- dihydroxyphenylsubstituted compounds increased under severe conditions.
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| 13. |
- Nilsson, Örjan, et al.
(author)
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Datorn i skolfysiken
- 1990
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In: Kosmos 1990. - Uppsala : Swedish Science Press. ; , s. 193-214
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Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Nordqvist, Ola, et al.
(author)
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Low-energy fracture prediction in patients prescribed antiepileptic drugs : A Swedish case-control study assessing the value of BMD and TBS
- 2021
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In: <em>Presented at the IOF WCO ESCEO (virtual congress), London, UK, 2021</em>.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Objectives: Antiepileptic drugs (AED) are known to increase the risk of low energy fractures by causing secondary osteoporosis. In this study, we determined the value of bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) as predictors for low energy fractures in patients prescribed AED.Material and Methods: This case-control study included 517 low energy fractures, i.e. a combination of ICD-10 codes according to the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare's definition of osteoporosis- related fractures and ICD-10 codes for low energy trauma, in 1 385 subjects who had all participated in a TBS convertible DXA examination between July 2011 and November 2018 in Kalmar county, southeast Sweden. The AED-users were stratified according to Cytochrome P-450 enzyme inducing ability and compared to controls. The dataset was a combination of previously collected data from the electronic health register (EHR) and new BMD and TBS data from a DXA database. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were applied. Results: In this study BMD-spine did not predict low energy fractures; however, both BMD-hip (aOR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.24-0.50) and TBS (aOR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.46-0.92) were inversely related to fractures. Patients prescribed enzyme inducing AED had an increased fracture odds (aOR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.24-3.72). There was no difference for fracture outcome between subjects with non-inducing drugs and controls (p-value 0.476). In this study 67.5% of the TBS convertible DXAs were performed within a year of the low energy fracture. Of the included patients, 82% were women.Conclusions: While BMD-spine was not associated with low energy fractures, both BMD-hip and TBS predicted low energy fractures independently in patients prescribed AED. This is the first study demonstrating the value of TBS in patients prescribed AED. In clinical practice, BMD-hip and TBS could be combined to improve the assessment of bone health in this growing patient group. The value of the combination of the two measures should be assessed in a future prospective randomized study.
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