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1.
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2.
  • 2019
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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3.
  • Kristan, Matej, et al. (author)
  • The Sixth Visual Object Tracking VOT2018 Challenge Results
  • 2019
  • In: Computer Vision – ECCV 2018 Workshops. - Cham : Springer Publishing Company. - 9783030110086 - 9783030110093 ; , s. 3-53
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2018 is the sixth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of over eighty trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis and a “real-time” experiment simulating a situation where a tracker processes images as if provided by a continuously running sensor. A long-term tracking subchallenge has been introduced to the set of standard VOT sub-challenges. The new subchallenge focuses on long-term tracking properties, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. A new dataset has been compiled and a performance evaluation methodology that focuses on long-term tracking capabilities has been adopted. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term and the new long-term tracking subchallenges. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website (http://votchallenge.net).
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4.
  • Kristan, Matej, et al. (author)
  • The Visual Object Tracking VOT2016 Challenge Results
  • 2016
  • In: COMPUTER VISION - ECCV 2016 WORKSHOPS, PT II. - Cham : SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG. - 9783319488813 - 9783319488806 ; , s. 777-823
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2016 aims at comparing short-term single-object visual trackers that do not apply pre-learned models of object appearance. Results of 70 trackers are presented, with a large number of trackers being published at major computer vision conferences and journals in the recent years. The number of tested state-of-the-art trackers makes the VOT 2016 the largest and most challenging benchmark on short-term tracking to date. For each participating tracker, a short description is provided in the Appendix. The VOT2016 goes beyond its predecessors by (i) introducing a new semi-automatic ground truth bounding box annotation methodology and (ii) extending the evaluation system with the no-reset experiment.
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5.
  • Kristanl, Matej, et al. (author)
  • The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results
  • 2019
  • In: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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6.
  • Le Yang, Gao, et al. (author)
  • Neutron-proton interaction in odd-odd nuclei from statistical analysis
  • 2022
  • In: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 106:2
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The statistical distribution and correlation relationship of the empirical neutron-proton (np) interaction are analyzed, whereby the interaction strengths are extracted from the binding energies using a known four-point formula. By comparing the correlations of the data and those from numerical simulations of the random number method, it is shown that an additional attractive np interaction persists between the last proton and last neutron in odd-odd nuclei. It provides evidence of the residual np interaction from statistical analysis. The adopted new analytical method might be a useful way to clarify the inherent correlation.
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7.
  • Xu, Q., et al. (author)
  • Investigation of high spin states in Cs-133
  • 2018
  • In: European Physical Journal A. - : SPRINGER. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 54:5
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • High spin states in Cs-133 nucleus have been studied with the reaction Te-130 (Li-7, 4n) at a beam energy of 38 MeV. The level scheme has been expanded with spin up to 31/2 (h) over bar. Compared with a recent paper, ground state band and other two collective band structures at lower spin states have been confirmed. Another collective band structure at higher spin states as well as some levels and transitions are updated. Compared with the experimental data, large-scale shell model and tilted axis cranking model calculations have been carried out. The results show that the band-head configuration of yrast band based on 7/2(+) ground state and the side band built on the 5/2(+) state are a pair of pseudospin partner states with pi (f) over tilde 7/2,5/2. The negative parity band based on 1071.5 keV level originates from pi h(11/2) orbital. Another band built on 2642.9 keV level at high spin states has been proposed with oblate deformation. Other characteristics for these bands were also discussed.
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8.
  • Ahlgren Cederlöf, Ebba, et al. (author)
  • Lifetime measurement of the yrast 2+ state in 118Te
  • 2023
  • In: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 59:12
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The electromagnetic transition probabilities of the yrast 2+ states in the midshell Te isotopes, two protons above the closed shell at Sn, are of great importance for the understanding of nuclear collectivity in these isotopes and the role played by the neutron-proton interactions and cross-shell excitations. However, the large uncertainty of the experimental data for the midshell nucleus 118Te and the missing data for 116Te make it difficult to pin down the general trend of the evolution of transition probabilities as a function of the neutron number. In this work, the lifetime of the yrast 2+ state in 118Te was measured, with the aim of reducing the uncertainty of the previous measurement. The result is τ2+ = 7.46(19) ps. In addition, the lifetime of the 4+ state was measured to be τ4+ = 4.25(23) ps. The experimental transition rates are extracted from the measured lifetimes and compared with systematic large-scale shell-model calculations. The trend of the B(E2; 0+ → 2+) values in the midshell area is in good agreement with the calculations and the calculated B4/2 ratio provide evidence for 118Te as a near perfect harmonic vibrator.
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9.
  • Ahmed, I., et al. (author)
  • Shell-model studies relevant for the low-energy Coulomb excitation in Zn isotopes
  • 2023
  • In: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Nature. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 59:12
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The low-lying nuclear structure of even-even Zn isotopes ranging from 62 Zn to 70 Zn has been comprehensively examined through large scale shell model calculations. These calculations encompassed the f 5 / 2p 3 / 2 , 1 / 2g 9 / 2 (fpg) model space without any truncation, employing 56 Ni as an inert core. Two different effective interactions, JUN45 and jj44b, were utilized in these calculations. Various critical observables, including excitation energies, reduced transition strengths, and electric quadrupole moments, were computed and then evaluated in the context of existing experimental data. The configurations of the resulting wave functions were also thoroughly analyzed. Furthermore, occupation probabilities for distinct single-particle orbitals were determined, with particular attention given to the pivotal role of the g 9 / 2 orbital in elucidating the nuclear structure of heavy Zn isotopes. Additionally, rotational invariants were calculated for the ground state, shedding light on a prolate deformation in 62 Zn and 64 Zn, while suggesting moderate prolate-triaxial excitations in 66 Zn, 68 Zn, and 70 Zn. These findings hold significant relevance for interpreting the intriguing outcomes of sub-barrier Coulomb excitation experiments, offering invaluable insights into the static electromagnetic properties of the nucleus through a model-independent approach.
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10.
  • Aktas, Özge, et al. (author)
  • Single-particle structures in 85,87Ge
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X.
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Gamma-ray transitions have been identified for the first time in the extremely neutron-rich (N =Z + 25) nucleus 87 Ge following nucleon knockout reactions studied at the RIBF, RIKEN, Japan.New γ-ray transitions from excited states in 85 Ge were also observed and placed in a tentative levelscheme. The exclusive parallel momentum distribution was measured for the 1/2 + state for theneutron knockout reaction leading to 85 Ge which is compared with calculated distorted wave impulseapproximation (DWIA) distributions. The 85,87 Ge results are compared with large-scale shell-modelcalculations and potential energy surface calculations based on the total Routhian surface formalism.
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11.
  • Amaro, Mário B., et al. (author)
  • Multilinear analysis of the systematics of proton radioactivity
  • 2023
  • In: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 108:5
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • It is shown that the proton formation probabilities, extracted from experimental decay half-lives, can be well reproduced by a simple multilinear formula with only three parameters. The parameters obtained by considering the standard root mean square deviation and the mini-max criteria are very similar to each other. In addition, we applied Bayesian analysis to study the uncertainties of the parameters and the model predictions. In this way we explain the systematics of proton decay half-lives. The multilinearity of the model also provides a way to classify the relative hindrance of different proton decays. All the recent experimental data agree very well with the model prediction. Our Bayesian analysis suggests that those new data do help constrain the uncertainty of the model parameters.
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12.
  • Andreyev, A. N., et al. (author)
  • Signatures of the Z=82 shell closure in alpha-decay process
  • 2013
  • In: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 110:24
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • In recent experiments at the velocity filter Separator for Heavy Ion reaction Products (SHIP) (GSI, Darmstadt), an extended and improved set of α-decay data for more than 20 of the most neutron-deficient isotopes in the region from lead to thorium was obtained. The combined analysis of this newly available α-decay data, of which the Po186 decay is reported here, allowed us for the first time to clearly show that crossing the Z=82 shell to higher proton numbers strongly accelerates the α decay. From the experimental data, the α-particle formation probabilities are deduced following the Universal Decay Law approach. The formation probabilities are discussed in the framework of the pairing force acting among the protons and the neutrons forming the α particle. A striking resemblance between the phenomenological pairing gap deduced from experimental binding energies and the formation probabilities is noted. These findings support the conjecture that both the N=126 and Z=82 shell closures strongly influence the α-formation probability.
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13.
  • Beal, Jacob, et al. (author)
  • Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
  • 2020
  • In: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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14.
  • Bäck, Torbjörn, et al. (author)
  • Lifetime measurement of the first excited 2(+) state in (108)Te
  • 2011
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 84:4, s. 041306-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The lifetime of the first excited 2(+) state in the neutron deficient nuclide (108)Te has been measured for the first time, using a combined recoil decay tagging and recoil distance Doppler shift technique. The deduced reduced transition probability is B(E2;0(g.s.)(+) -> 2(+)) = 0.39(-0.04)(+0.05)e(2)b(2). Compared to previous experimental data on neutron deficient tellurium isotopes, the new data point constitutes a large step (six neutrons) toward the N = 50 shell closure. In contrast to what has earlier been reported for the light tin isotopes, our result for tellurium does not show any enhanced transition probability with respect to the theoretical predictions and the tellurium systematics including the new data is successfully reproduced by state-of-the-art shell model calculations.
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15.
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16.
  • Bäck, Torbjörn, et al. (author)
  • Transition probabilities near Sn-100 and the stability of the N, Z=50 shell closure
  • 2013
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 87:3, s. 031306-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Recent B(E2; 0(g.s.)(+) -> 2(1)(+)) measurements in light tin isotopes have revealed surprisingly large values relative to standard shell model predictions, generating an unexpected asymmetry in the B(E2) values with respect to the neutron midshell. This effect has triggered various speculations as to its origin, such as a possible weakening of the N, Z = 50 shell closure. Here we present new shell model calculations to investigate the origin of the observed asymmetric character of the B(E2) values in the tin isotopes. By including the effects of the neutron g(9/2) orbital below the N = 50 shell gap it is shown that Pauli blocking effects may play an important role near the N = 50 shell closure. A new set of single-particle energies and monopole interactions, fitted to the experimental data in the region, together with the isospin-dependent effective charge suggested by Bohr and Mottelson is shown to reproduce the experimental transition rate values in the Sn isotopic chain.
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17.
  • Cai, Boshuai, et al. (author)
  • alpha decay half-life estimation and uncertainty analysis
  • 2020
  • In: Physical Review C. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 101:5
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: alpha decay is one of the most important decay modes of atomic nuclei. The half-life of alpha decay provides valuable information for nuclear structure study. Many theoretical models and empirical formulas have been suggested to describe the half-life of alpha decay as a function of decay energy (Q(alpha)), atomic number (Z), nucleon number (A), and other related variables. However, the analysis of theoretical uncertainty is rarely done for those alpha decay models. Purpose: We aim to perform a systematic and detailed study on the theoretical uncertainty of existing alpha decay formulas based on statistical methods. Methods: The nonparametric bootstrap method is used to evaluate the uncertainties of two alpha decay formulas, the universal decay law (UDL) and the new Geiger-Nuttall law (NGNL). Such a method can simultaneously obtain the uncertainty of each parameter, the correlation between each pair of parameters, and the total, statistical, and systematic uncertainties of each formula. Both even-even (ee) nuclei and odd-A (oA) nuclei are used in the analysis. The collected data are separated into three parts: ee nuclei, oA nuclei without spin or parity change (oA_nc), and oA nuclei with spin and/or parity change (oA_c). Based on the residues between observed data and corresponding calculations, the statistical and systematic uncertainties are decomposed from the total uncertainty, from which one can clarify the effects from the shell structure, pairing, and angular momentum change on describing alpha decay half-life. Results: If N > 126 and N <= 126 nuclei are considered together, the systematic uncertainty of residues between observed and predicted half-lives are larger than if those groups are considered separately. Without a shell correction term, a much larger systematic uncertainty is found if parameters obtained for N <= 126 nuclei are used to describe the half-lives of N > 126 nuclei. Based on the Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization condition and simple assumptions, a detailed shell correction term is obtained for N > 126 nuclei, for which the value is similar to that in NGNL. A global hindrance on the alpha decay process is found in oA_nc (oA_c) nuclei compared with ee (oA_nc) nuclei. If parameters obtained from ee (oA_nc) nuclei are used, the half-lives of oA_nc (oA_c) nuclei are generally underestimated with large systematic uncertainties, which can be related to the contribution of pairing effect and angular momentum. The parameter of angular momentum term in NGNL is obtained with large uncertainty and very sensitive to the selections of the dataset. The recently observed superallowed decay from Te-104 to Sn-100 is also discussed based on uncertainty analysis. Conclusions: The theoretical uncertainty of existing alpha decay formulas is successfully evaluated by the nonparametric bootstrap method, which simultaneously indicates the important effect in alpha decay, such as the shell effect and the pairing effect. In addition, statistical results show strong correlations between the parameters of the second and third terms in both UDL and NGNL, which demands further investigations.
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18.
  • Carroll, R. J., et al. (author)
  • Multiparticle configurations of excited states in Lu-155
  • 2016
  • In: PHYSICAL REVIEW C. - 2469-9985. ; 94:6
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Excited states in the neutron-deficient N = 84 nuclide Lu-155 have been populated by using the Pd-102(Ni-58, alpha p) reaction. The Lu-155 nuclei were separated by using the gas-filled recoil ion transport unit (RITU) separator and implanted into the Si detectors of the gamma recoil electron alpha tagging (GREAT) spectrometer. Prompt gamma-ray emissions measured at the target position using the JUROGAM Ge detector array were assigned to Lu-155 through correlations with alpha decays measured in GREAT. Structures feeding the (11/2(-)) and (25/2(-)) alpha-decaying states have been revised and extended. Shell-model calculations have been performed and are found to reproduce the excitation energies of several of the low-lying states observed to within an average of 71 keV. In particular, the seniority inversion of the 25/2(-) and 27/2(-) states is reproduced.
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19.
  • Cederwall, Bo, et al. (author)
  • Evidence for a spin-aligned neutron-proton paired phase from the level structure of 92Pd
  • 2011
  • In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 469:7328, s. 68-71
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Shell structure and magic numbers in atomic nuclei were generally explained by pioneering work(1) that introduced a strong spin-orbit interaction to the nuclear shell model potential. However, knowledge of nuclear forces and the mechanisms governing the structure of nuclei, in particular far from stability, is still incomplete. In nuclei with equal neutron and proton numbers (N = Z), enhanced correlations arise between neutrons and protons (two distinct types of fermions) that occupy orbitals with the same quantum numbers. Such correlations have been predicted to favour an unusual type of nuclear superfluidity, termed isoscalar neutron-proton pairing(2-6), in addition to normal isovector pairing. Despite many experimental efforts, these predictions have not been confirmed. Here we report the experimental observation of excited states in the N = Z = 46 nucleus Pd-92. Gamma rays emitted following the Ni-58(Ar-36,2n)Pd-92 fusion-evaporation reaction were identified using a combination of state-of-the-art high-resolution c-ray, charged-particle and neutron detector systems. Our results reveal evidence for a spin-aligned, isoscalar neutron-proton coupling scheme, different from the previous prediction(2-6). We suggest that this coupling scheme replaces normal superfluidity (characterized by seniority coupling(7,8)) in the ground and low-lying excited states of the heaviest N = Z nuclei. Such strong, isoscalar neutron-proton correlations would have a considerable impact on the nuclear level structure and possibly influence the dynamics of rapid proton capture in stellar nucleosynthesis.
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20.
  • Cederwall, Bo, 1964-, et al. (author)
  • Isospin Properties of Nuclear Pair Correlations from the Level Structure of the Self-Conjugate Nucleus Ru 88
  • 2020
  • In: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 124:6
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The low-lying energy spectrum of the extremely neutron-deficient self-conjugate (N = Z) nuclide 88Ru has been measured using the combination of the Advanced Gamma Tracking Array (AGATA)spectrometer, the NEDA, and Neutron Wall neutron detector arrays, and the DIAMANT charged particle detector array. Excited states in 88 Ru were populated via the 54 Feð 36 Ar; 2nγÞ 88 Ru fusion-evaporationreaction at the Grand Accélérateur National d’Ions Lourds (GANIL) accelerator complex. The observed γ-ray cascade is assigned to 88 Ru using clean prompt γ-γ-2-neutron coincidences in anticoincidence with the detection of charged particles, confirming and extending the previously assigned sequence of low-lying excited states. It is consistent with a moderately deformed rotating system exhibiting a band crossing at a rotational frequency that is significantly higher than standard theoretical predictions with isovector pairing, as well as observations in neighboring N > Z nuclides. The direct observation of such a “delayed” rotational alignment in a deformed N 1⁄4 Z nucleus is in agreement with theoretical predictions related to the presence of strong isoscalar neutron-proton pair correlations.
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21.
  • Cederwall, Bo, 1964-, et al. (author)
  • Lifetime Measurements of Excited States in Pt-172 and the Variation of Quadrupole Transition Strength with Angular Momentum
  • 2018
  • In: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 121:2
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Lifetimes of the first excited 2(+) and 4(+) states in the extremely neutron -deficient nuclide Pt-172 have been measured for the first time using the recoil-distance Doppler shift and recoil-decay tagging techniques. An unusually low value of the ratio B(E2: 4(1)(+) -> 2(1)(+)/B(E2: 2(1)(+) -> 0(gs)(+)) = 0.55(19) was found, similar to a handful of other such anomalous cases observed in the entire Segre chart. The observation adds to a cluster of a few extremely neutron -deficient nuclides of the heavy transition metals with neutron numbers N approximate to 90-94 featuring the effect. No theoretical model calculations reported to date have been able to explain the anomalously low B(E2: 4(1)(+) -> 2(1)(+)/B(E2: 2(1)(+) -> 0(gs)(+)) ratios observed in these cases. Such low values cannot, e.g., be explained within the framework of the geometrical collective model or by algebraic approaches within the interacting boson model framework. It is proposed that the group of B(E2: 4(1)(+) -> 2(1)(+)/B(E2: 2(1)(+) -> 0(gs)(+)) ratios in the extremely neutron-deficient even-even W, Os, and Pt nuclei around neutron numbers N approximate to 90-94 reveal a quantum phase transition from a seniority-conserving structure to a collective regime as a function of neutron number. Although a system governed by seniority symmetry is the only theoretical framework for which such an effect may naturally occur, the phenomenon is highly unexpected for these nuclei that are not situated near closed shells.
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22.
  • Changizi, Sara A., et al. (author)
  • Density dependence of the pairing interaction and pairing correlation in unstable nuclei
  • 2015
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 91:2
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • This work aims at a global assessment of the effect of the density dependence of the zero-range pairing interaction. Systematic Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations with the volume, surface, and mixed pairing forces are carried out to study the pairing gaps in even-even nuclei over the whole nuclear chart. Calculations are also done in coordinate representation for unstable semimagic even-even nuclei. The calculated pairing gaps are compared with empirical values from four different odd-even staggering formulas. Calculations with the three pairing interactions are comparable for most nuclei close to the beta-stability line. However, the surface interaction calculations predict neutron pairing gaps in neutron-rich nuclei that are significantly stronger than those given by themixed and volume pairing. On the other hand, calculations with volume andmixed pairing forces show noticeable reduction of neutron pairing gaps in nuclei far from stability.
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23.
  • Changizi, Sara A., et al. (author)
  • Empirical pairing gaps, shell effects, and di-neutron spatial correlation in neutron-rich nuclei
  • 2015
  • In: Nuclear Physics A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474 .- 1873-1554. ; 940, s. 210-226
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The empirical pairing gaps derived from four different odd-even mass staggering formulas are compared. By performing single-j shell and multi-shell seniority model calculations as well as by using the standard HFB approach with Skyrme force we show that the simplest three-point formula δC(3)(N)=12[B(N,Z)+B(N-2,Z)-2B(N-1,Z)] can provide a good measure of the neutron pairing gap in even-N nuclei. It removes to a large extent the contribution from the nuclear mean field as well as contributions from shell structure details. It is also less contaminated by the Wigner effect for nuclei around N=Z. We also show that the strength of δC(3)(N) can serve as a good indication of the two-particle spatial correlation in the nucleus of concern and that the weakening of δC(3)(N) in some neutron-rich nuclei indicates that the di-neutron correlation itself is weak in these nuclei.
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24.
  • Changizi, Sara A., et al. (author)
  • Odd-even staggering in neutron drip line nuclei
  • 2016
  • In: Nuclear Physics A. - : Elsevier. - 0375-9474 .- 1873-1554. ; 951, s. 97-115
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We have done systematic Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations in coordinate space on the one-quasi-particle energies and binding energy odd-even staggering (OES) in semi-magic nuclei with the zero-range volume, mixed and surface pairing forces in order to explore the influence of their density dependence. The odd-N isotopes are calculated within the blocking scheme. The strengths for the pairing forces are determined in two schemes by fitting locally to reproduce pairing gap in 120Sn and globally to all available data on the OES of semi-magic nuclei with Z≥8. In the former calculations, there is a noticeable difference between the neutron mean gaps in neutron-rich O, Ca, Ni and Sn isotopes calculated with the surface pairing and those with the mixed and volume pairing. The difference gets much smaller if the globally optimized pairing strengths are employed. The heavier Pb isotopes show the opposite trend. Moreover, large differences between the mean gap and the OES may be expected in both calculations when one goes towards the neutron drip line.
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25.
  • Changizi, Sara A., 1982- (author)
  • Pairing correlation in atomic nuclei under extreme conditions
  • 2017
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • The pairing correlation has long been recognized as the dominant many-body correlation beyond the nuclear mean field. Pairing plays an essential role in many nuclear phenomena including the occurrence of a systematic odd-even staggering (OES) of the nuclear binding energy. Pairing interaction plays, in particular, a significant role in the stability of weakly bound nuclei. Therefore it has been one of the most critical topics in nuclear physics because of the weakly bound structure of all newly discovered nuclei. Beyond the line of stability, pairing interaction is not a residual interaction anymore. Its strength can be of the same order of magnitude as the mean field.  In this thesis we have focused on the pairing interaction in atomic nuclei under extreme conditions to investigate the structure of loosely bound nuclei near the dripline; to probe and globally assess different outcomes of various zero-range pairing interactions and their effect on the loosely bound low angular momentum states. How much can density-dependence in zero-range pairing interaction nuclei affect the line of stability? Calculations predict that pure density-dependent pairing interaction so-called surface interaction enhances the collectivity and gives stronger neutron pairing gap in nuclei far from stability, while, the density dependence pairing interaction does not affect the gap for bound nuclei as much. The odd-even staggering of nuclear binding energies has been investigated to estimate the empirical pairing gap. A 3-point formula Δ(3)C (1/2[B(N,Z)+B(N −2,Z)−2B(N −1,Z)]) is advocated in this thesis, which we believe it is more suitable to measure the magnitude of pairing gap in even-even nuclei. The strength of Δ(3)C can be a good indicator of the two-particle spatial correlation. One-quasiparticle energies and binding energy for those odd nuclei, which can be approximated by spherical symmetry, are calculated to obtain binding energy odd-even staggering (OES) in all known semi-magic even-even nuclei. The pairing strength is fitted globally to all available data on the OES of semi-magic nuclei with Z ≥ 8. The difference between different zero-range density-dependent pairing interactions reduces with this global fitted parameter. The difference between the mean pairing gap and the OES gets larger as we get closer to the dripline. At the end of the thesis, a simple model has been developed which shows that when the mean-field becomes shallower the odd-even staggering of charge radii is reduced.This thesis covers results that are not included in the three published papers and some complementary works on the subject.
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26.
  • Cheng, Y. Y., et al. (author)
  • Nucleon-pair states of even-even Sn isotopes based on realistic effective interactions
  • 2016
  • In: PHYSICAL REVIEW C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985. ; 94:2
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • In this paper we study yrast states of Sn-128,Sn-126,Sn-124 and Sn-104,Sn-106,Sn-108 by using the monopole-optimized realistic interactions in terms of both the shell model (SM) and the nucleon-pair approximation (NPA). For yrast states of Sn-128,Sn-126 and Sn-104,Sn-106, we calculate the overlaps between the wave functions obtained in the full SM space and those obtained in the truncated NPA space, and find that most of these overlaps are very close to 1. Very interestingly, for most of these states with positive parity and even spin or with negative parity and odd spin, the SM wave function is found to be well represented by one nucleon-pair basis state, viz., a simple picture of "nucleon-pair states" (nucleon-pair configuration without mixings) emerges. In Sn-128,Sn-126, the positive-parity (or negative-parity) yrast states with spin J > 10 (or J > 7) are found to be well described by breaking one or two S pairs in the 10(1)(+) (or 7(1)(-)) state, i.e., the yrast state of seniority-two, spin-maximum, and positive-parity (or negative-parity), into non-S pair(s). Similar regularity is also pointed out for Sn-104,Sn-106. The evolution of E2 transition rates between low-lying states in Sn-128,Sn-126,Sn-124 is discussed in terms of the seniority scheme.
  •  
27.
  • Chong, Hui, et al. (author)
  • Organo-ptii complexes for potent photodynamic inactivation of multi-drug resistant bacteria and the influence of configuration
  • 2024
  • In: Advanced Science. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2198-3844. ; 11:14
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • PtII based organometallic photosensitizers (PSs) have emerged as novel potent photodynamic inactivation (PDI) reagents through their enhanced intersystem crossing (ISC) processes. Currently, few PtII PSs have been investigated as antibacterial materials, with relatively poor performances reported and with structure-activity relationships not well described. Herein, a pair of configurational isomers are reported of Bis-BODIPY (4,4-difluoro-boradizaindacene) embedded PtII PSs. The cis-isomer (cis-BBP) displayed enhanced 1O2 generation and better bacterial membrane anchoring capability as compared to the trans-isomer (trans-BBP). The effective PDI concentrations (efficiency > 99.9%) for cis-BBP in Acinetobacter baumannii (multi-drug resistant (MDR)) and Staphylococcus aureus are 400 nM (12 J cm−2) and 100 nM (18 J cm−2), respectively; corresponding concentrations and light doses for trans-BBP in the two bacteria are 2.50 µM (30 J cm−2) and 1.50 µM (18 J cm−2), respectively. The 50% and 90% minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50 and MIC90) ratio of trans-BBP to cis-BBP is 22.22 and 24.02 in A. baumannii (MDR); 21.29 and 22.36 in methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), respectively. Furthermore, cis-BBP displays superior in vivo antibacterial performance, with acceptable dark and photoinduced cytotoxicity. These results demonstrate cis-BBP is a robust light-assisted antibacterial reagent at sub-micromolecular concentrations. More importantly, configuration of PtII PSs should be an important issue to be considered in further PDI reagents design.
  •  
28.
  • Das, Biswarup, et al. (author)
  • Broken seniority symmetry in the semimagic proton mid-shell nucleus Rh 95
  • 2024
  • In: Physical Review Research. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 2643-1564. ; 6:2
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Lifetime measurements of low-lying excited states in the semimagic (N=50) nucleus Rh95 have been performed by means of the fast-timing technique. The experiment was carried out using γ-ray detector arrays consisting of LaBr3(Ce) scintillators and germanium detectors integrated into the DESPEC experimental setup commissioned for the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (fair) Phase-0, Darmstadt, Germany. The excited states in Rh95 were populated primarily via the β decays of Pd95 nuclei, produced in the projectile fragmentation of a 850 MeV/nucleon Xe124 beam impinging on a 4g/cm2Be9 target. The deduced electromagnetic E2 transition strengths for the γ-ray cascade within the multiplet structure depopulating from the isomeric Iπ=21/2+ state are found to exhibit strong deviations from predictions of standard shell model calculations which feature approximately conserved seniority symmetry. In particular, the observation of a strongly suppressed E2 strength for the 13/2+→9/2+ ground state transition cannot be explained by calculations employing standard interactions. This remarkable result may require revision of the nucleon-nucleon interactions employed in state-of-the-art theoretical model calculations, and might also point to the need for including three-body forces in the Hamiltonian.
  •  
29.
  • Das, B., et al. (author)
  • Nature of seniority symmetry breaking in the semimagic nucleus Ru-94
  • 2022
  • In: Physical Review C. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 105:3
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Direct lifetime measurements via gamma -gamma coincidences using a fast timing detector array consisting of LaBr3(Ce) scintillators has been applied to determine the lifetime of low-lying states in the semimagic (N = 50) nucleus Ru-94. The experiment was carried out as the first in a series of "FAIR-0" experiments with the DESPEC experimental setup at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR). Excited states in Ru-94 were populated primarily via the beta-delayed proton emission of Pd-95 nuclei, produced in the projectile fragmentation of an 850 MeV/nucleon Xe-124 beam impinging on a 4 g/cm(2) Be-9 target. While the deduced E2 strength for the 2(+) -> 0(+) transition in the yrast cascade follows the expected behavior for conserved seniority symmetry, the intermediate 4(+) -> 2(+) transition exhibits a drastic enhancement of transition strength in comparison with pure-seniority model predictions as well as standard shell model predictions in the f pg proton hole space with respect to doubly magic Sn-100. The anomalous behavior is ascribed to a subtle interference between the wave function of the lowest seniority v = 2, I-pi = 4(+) state and that of a close-lying v = 4 state that exhibits partial dynamic symmetry. In addition, the observed strongly prohibitive 6(+) -> 4(+) transition can be attributed to the same mechanism but with a destructive interference. It is noted that such effects may provide stringent tests of the nucleon-nucleon interactions employed in state-of-the-art theoretical model calculations.
  •  
30.
  • Delion, D. S., et al. (author)
  • Probing shape coexistence by alpha decays to 0(+) states
  • 2014
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 90:6, s. 061303-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We analyze the alpha-decay fine structure to excited 0(2)(+) states in Hg and Rn isotopes. These states are described as minima in the potential energy surface (PES) provided by the standard deformed Woods-Saxon plus pairing approach. We also investigate alpha decay from the excited state P(0(2)(+)) in the parent nucleus by evaluating the corresponding hindrance factor (HF). By analyzing the experimental HF's we find the remarkable property that the ground and excited states D(0(1)(+)) and D(0(2)(+)) in the daughter nuclei are occupied with almost equal probabilities if there is no excited P(0(+)) states in the parent nucleus. Moreover, if there exists an excited state P(0(2)(+)) then the occupation probability of this state is 25%.
  •  
31.
  • Doncel, Maria, et al. (author)
  • Lifetime measurement of the first excited 2(+) state in Te-112
  • 2015
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 91:6
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The lifetime of the 2(+) --> 0(g.s.)(+) transition in the neutron-deficicient nucleus Te-112 has been measured for the first time using the DPUNS plunger and the recoil distance Doppler shift technique. The deduced value for the reduced transition probability is B(E2 :0(g.s.)(+) --> 2(+)) = 0.46 +/- 0.04 e(2)b(2), indicating that there is no unexpected enhancement of the B(E2 :0(g.s.)(+) --> 2(+)) values in Te isotopes below the midshell. The result is compared to and discussed in the framework of large-scale shell-model calculations.
  •  
32.
  • Doncel, Maria, et al. (author)
  • Lifetime measurements of excited states in W-162 and W-164 and the evolution of collectivity in rare-earth nuclei
  • 2017
  • In: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 95:4
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Lifetimes of the first excited 2(+) states in the extremely neutron- deficient W-162 and W-164 nuclei have been measured using the recoil distance Doppler shift technique. Experimental B(E2) data for the isotopic chains of hafnium, tungsten, and osmium, from the midshell region near the beta-stability line towards the N = 82 closed shell and the most neutron-deficient nuclides, are compared with predictions of nuclear deformations and 2(1)(+) -> 0(g.s)(.+) reduced transition strengths from different classes of state-of-the-art theoretical model calculations. The results reveal striking differences and deficiencies in the predictive power of current nuclear structure models.
  •  
33.
  • Dutt, S., et al. (author)
  • Large-scale shell-model calculations near mass region 100-130
  • 2020
  • In: Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics. - : NISCAIR. - 0019-5596 .- 0975-1041. ; 58:4, s. 308-313
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • In this work, we have presented a microscopic shell-model description of the structure and collective behavior of intermediate-mass nuclei around doubly magic Sn-100 and Sn-132 nuclei. The Sn-isotopes lie between the two doubly magic nuclei and cover a range from exotic proton-rich N=Z nuclei to exotic neutron-rich nuclei with N/Z > 1.6. The results obtained using BIGSTICK code for the low-level excitation states and transition probabilities for the studied Sn and Ba isotopic chains have been discussed in the radiance of available experimental data. We have used Sn-100 as a core for all the studied isotopes with the same valence space (i.e. 1d(5/2), 2s(1/2), 1d(3/2), 0g(7/2), 0h(11/2) or 'sdgh') for both protons (Z) and neutrons (N) between 50 and 82. These calculations are performed by means of globally optimized monopole effective interaction for the sdgh-shell.
  •  
34.
  • Ertoprak, Aysegul, et al. (author)
  • Evidence for octupole collectivity in 172Pt
  • 2020
  • In: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 56:2
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Excited states in the extremely neutron-deficient nucleus 172Pt were populated via 96Ru(78Kr,2p) and 92Mo(83Kr,3n) reactions. The level scheme has been extended up to an excitation energy of  ~ 5 MeV and tentative spin-parity assignments up to Iπ = 18+. Linear polarization and angular distribution measurements were used to determine the electromagnetic E1 character of the dipole transitions connecting the positive-parity ground-state band with an excited side-band, firmly establishing it as a negative-parity band. The lowest member of this negative-parity structure was firmly assigned spin-parity 3-. In addition, we observed an E3 transition from this 3- state to the ground state, providing direct evidence for octupole collectivity in 172Pt. Large-scale shell model (LSSM) and total Routhian surface (TRS) calculations have been performed, supporting the interpretation of the 3- state as a collective octupole-vibrational state.
  •  
35.
  • Ertoprak, Aysegul, et al. (author)
  • Lifetime measurements of core-excited states in semi-magic 95Rh
  • Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Lifetimes of negative-parity states have been determined in the semi-magic (N=50) nucleus 95Rh. The fusion-evaporation reaction 58Ni(40Ca, 3p) was used to populate high-spin states in 95Rh at the Grand Accelerateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL) accelerator facility. The results were obtained using the Doppler Shift Attenuation Method (DSAM) based on the Doppler broadened line shapes produced during the slowing down process of the residual nuclei in a thick 6~ mg/cm2 metallic target.  B(M1) and B(E2) reduced transition strengths are compared with predictions from large-scale shell-model calculations.
  •  
36.
  • Ertoprak, A., et al. (author)
  • Lifetimes of core-excited states in semi-magic Rh-95
  • 2020
  • In: European Physical Journal A. - : SPRINGER. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 56:11
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Lifetimes of negative-parity states have been determined in the neutron deficient semi-magic (N = 50) nucleus Rh-95. The fusion-evaporation reaction Ni-58(Ca-40, 3p) was used to populate high-spin states in Rh-95 at the Grand Accelerateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL) accelerator facility. The results were obtained using the Doppler Shift Attenuation Method (DSAM) based on the Doppler broadened line shapes produced during the slowing down process of the residual nuclei in a thick 6 mg/cm(2) metallic target. B(M1) and B(E2) reduced transition strengths are compared with predictions from large-scale shell-model calculations. state-of-the-art theory. Remarkably, the structural features up to moderate angular momentum of nuclei immediately below the N = Z = 50 shell closures can be described with high accuracy in a very simple way by shell-model calculations including only the g(9/2) and p(1/2) subshells. Of special interest is the neutron-proton pair coupling scheme which is expected to appear in the heaviest N=Z nuclei [1,2] and the seniority structure of the N = 50 isotones [3-7]. However, multiple core-excited states have been observed in the semi-magic nuclei of the Sn-100 region [8-10]. The theoretical study of those states is a challenging task, which requires a significantly larger model space for their interpretation. Transition probabilities between nuclear states provide important constraints for theoretical modelling of the structure of the nuclei of interest. Our previous lifetime study of the semimagic (N = 50) nucleus Ru-94 [ 11,12] provided information on the electromagnetic decay properties of neutron-core excited states. We now address lifetime measurements in its closest, more neutron deficient, isotone Rh-95 using the same DSAM technique. The experimental results have been interpreted within the framework of large-scale shell-model (LSSM) calculations.
  •  
37.
  • Ertoprak, Aysegul, 1987-, et al. (author)
  • M1 and E2 transition rates from core-excited states in semi-magic 94Ru
  • Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Lifetimes of high-spin states have been measured in the semi-magic (N=50) nucleus 94Ru. Excited states in 94Ru were populated in the 58Ni(40Ca, 4p)94Ru∗ fusion-evaporation reaction at the Grand Accelerateur National d’Ions Lourds (GANIL) accelerator complex. DSAM lifetime analysis was performed on the Doppler broadened line shapes in energy spectra obtained from γ-rays emitted while the residual nuclei were slowing down in a thick 6 mg/cm2 metallic 58Ni target. In total eight excited-state lifetimes in the angular momentum range I = (13 − 20)ħ have been measured, five of which were determined for the first time. The deduced corresponding B(M1) and B(E2)reduced transition strengths are discussed within the framework of large-scale shell model calculations to study the contribution of different particle-hole configurations, in particular for analyzing contributions from core-excited configurations.
  •  
38.
  • Ertoprak, Aysegul, et al. (author)
  • M1 and E2 transition rates from core-excited states in semi-magic Ru-94
  • 2018
  • In: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 54:9
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Lifetimes of high-spin states have been measured in the semi-magic (N = 50) nucleus Ru-94. Excited states in Ru-94 were populated in the Ni-58(Ca-40, 4p)Ru-94* fusion-evaporation reaction at the Grand Accelerateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL) accelerator complex. DSAM lifetime analysis was performed on the Doppler broadened line shapes in energy spectra obtained from gamma-rays emitted while the residual nuclei were slowing down in a thick 6 mg/cm(2) metallic Ni-58 target. In total eight excited-state lifetimes in the angular momentum range I = (13-20)h have been measured, five of which were determined for the first time. The corresponding B(M1) and B(E2) reduced transition strengths are discussed within the framework of large-scale shell model calculations to study the contribution of different particle-hole configurations, in particular for analyzing contributions from core-excited configurations.
  •  
39.
  • Gao, B., et al. (author)
  • New Fe-59 Stellar Decay Rate with Implications for the Fe-60 Radioactivity in Massive Stars
  • 2021
  • In: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 126:15
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The discrepancy between observations from gamma-ray astronomy of the Fe-60/Al-26 gamma-ray flux ratio and recent calculations is an unresolved puzzle in nuclear astrophysics. The stellar beta-decay rate of Fe-59 is one of the major nuclear uncertainties impeding us from a precise prediction. The important Gamow-Teller strengths from the low-lying states in Fe-59 to the Co-59 ground state are measured for the first time using the exclusive measurement of the Co-59(t, He-3 + gamma) Fe-59 charge-exchange reaction. The new stellar decay rate of Fe-59 is a factor of 3.5 +/- 1.1 larger than the currently adopted rate at T = 1.2 GK. Stellar evolution calculations show that the Fe-60 production yield of an 18 solar mass star is decreased significantly by 40% when using the new rate. Our result eliminates one of the major nuclear uncertainties in the predicted yield of Fe-60 and alleviates the existing discrepancy of the Fe-60/Al-26 ratio.
  •  
40.
  • Ghazi Moradi, Farnaz, 1976-, et al. (author)
  • Character of particle-hole excitations in Ru-94 deduced from gamma-ray angular correlation and linear polarization measurements
  • 2014
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 89:1, s. 014301-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Linear polarization and angular correlations of gamma-rays depopulating excited states in the neutron-deficient nucleus Ru-94(44)50 have been measured, enabling firm spin-parity assignments for several excited states in this nucleus. The deduced multipolarities of strong transitions in the yrast structure were found to be mostly of stretched M1, E1, and E2 types and, in most cases, in agreement with previous tentative assignments. The deduced multipolarity of the 1869 keV and the connecting 257 and 1641 keV transitions indicates that the state at 6358 keV excitation energy has spin parity 12(1)(-) rather than 12(3)(+) as proposed in previous works. The presence of a 12(1)(-) state is interpreted within the framework of large-scale shell-model calculations as a pure proton-hole state dominated by the pi(p(1/2)(-1)circle times g(9/2)(-5)) and pi(p(3/2)(-1) g(9/2)(-5)) configurations. A new positive-parity state is observed at 6103 keV and is tentatively assigned as 12(2)(+). The 14(1)(-) state proposed earlier is reassigned as 13(4)(-) and is interpreted as being dominated by neutron particle-hole core excitations. The strengths of several E1 transitions have been measured and are found to provide a signature of core-excited configurations.
  •  
41.
  • Ghazi Moradi, Farnaz, et al. (author)
  • High-spin study of 162Ta
  • 2011
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 84:6, s. 064312-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Excited states in the odd-odd neutron deficient nucleus (162)Ta (Z = 73, N = 89) have been studied for the first time. The gamma spectroscopy analysis using gamma - gamma - gamma coincidences revealed a strongly coupled rotational structure that was established up to large angular momentum states. The rotational band was assigned to the configuration pi h(11/2)[514]9/2 circle times nu i(13/2)[660]1/2 based on its rotational and electromagnetic properties. The data are interpreted within the framework of total Routhian surface calculations, which suggests an axially symmetric shape with a gamma-softminimum at beta(2) approximate to 0.16 and gamma approximate to 6 degrees. The crossing of the signature partners observed in heavier (N >= 91) odd-odd nuclides in this mass region is found to be absent at N = 89. This might be correlated with a change in S-band structure above the paired band crossing at these neutron numbers.
  •  
42.
  •  
43.
  • Ghazi Moradi, Farnaz, et al. (author)
  • Spectroscopy of the neutron-deficient N=50 nucleus Rh-95
  • 2014
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 89:4, s. 044310-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The neutron-deficient semimagic (neutron number N = 50) Rh-95 nucleus has been produced at high spins using the projectile-target system Ca-40 + Ni-58 at 125 MeV beam energy. The gamma-decays of levels populated by the 3p fusion evaporation reaction channel were studied using gamma-gamma coincidences, and 20 new gamma-ray transitions involving 15 new positive-and negative-parity states were observed. Spin and parity for many of the excited states were firmly deduced for the first time using the combined directional angular correlation and direction-polarization techniques. The observed structures are discussed within the framework of large-scale shell model calculations. E1 transition strengths were deduced and used together with the results of the shell model calculations to study the contribution of different particle-hole configurations, in particular for analyzing contributions from core-excited configurations.
  •  
44.
  • Guan, Xin, et al. (author)
  • An iterative approach for the exact solution of the pairing Hamiltonian
  • 2022
  • In: Computer Physics Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 0010-4655 .- 1879-2944. ; 275
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • A new iterative algorithm is established for the exact solution of the standard pairing problem, based on the Richardson-Gaudin method using the polynomial approach. It provides efficient and robust solutions for both spherical and deformed systems at a large scale. The key to its success is that the initial guess for the solutions of such a large set of the non-linear equations is provided in a physically meaningful and controllable manner. Moreover, one reduces the large-dimensional problem to a one-dimensional Monte Carlo sampling procedure, which improves the algorithm's efficiency and avoids the non-solutions and numerical instabilities that persist in most existing approaches. We calculated the ground state and low-lying excited states of equally spaced systems at different pairing strengths G. We then applied the model to study the quantum phase transitional Sm isotopes and the actinide nuclei Pu isotopes, where an excellent agreement with experimental data is obtained. Program summary Program Title: IterV1.m CPC Library link to program files: https://doi.org/10.17632/rjnbhgk2p6.1 Licensing provisions: GPLv3 Programming language: Mathematica Nature of problem: The program calculates exact pairing energies based on a new iterative algorithm. The key is the procedure of determining the initial guesses for the large-set non-linear equations involved in a controllable and physically motivated manner. It provides an efficient and robust solver for both spherical and deformed systems in super large model spaces. Solution method: The new iterative algorithm approach starts with simple systems with knucleon pairs and n = klevels, which can be solved iteratively by including one pair and one level at each step using the Newton-Raphson algorithm with a Monte Carlo sampling procedure. Then it takes the solutions of those systems as initial values and obtain the converged results for the full space by gradually adding the remaining levels. In this way, one reduces the k-dimensional Monte Carlo sampling procedure to a one-dimensional sampling, which improves the efficiency of the algorithm and avoids the non-solutions and numerical instabilities.
  •  
45.
  • Hadinia, B., et al. (author)
  • IN-BEAM gamma-RAY SPECTROSCOPY ABOVE THE HIGH-SPIN ISOMERIC STATE IN Lu-155
  • 2013
  • In: CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS. - : WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD. ; , s. 139-144
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Excited states in Lu-155 have been studied at the Accelerator Laboratory of the University of Jyvaskyla in Finland. The Lu-155 nuclei were populated using the reaction of Ni-58 on (102)pd at a beam energy of 280 MeV. The nuclei of interest were selected using the RITU gas filled recoil separator and the prompt gamma rays belonging to 155Lu were identified using the recoil-decay tagging technique. The gamma-ray transitions de-exciting the excited states above the high-spin isomeric a-decaying state in Lu-155 have been identified. A gamma-ray coincidence analysis shows that the previously reported level scheme for Lu-155 should be revised.
  •  
46.
  • Huang, Y., et al. (author)
  • High-spin structures in the Xe-129 nucleus
  • 2016
  • In: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985. ; 93:6
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • High-spin states in the Xe-129 nucleus are studied with the reaction Sn-124(Be-9,4n) at a beam energy of 36 MeV. The level scheme is extended significantly. For the positive-parity band, the alpha = +1/2 and the alpha = -1/2 signature components are combined to form a complete band structure based on the 3/2(+) state with spin and parity up to 21/2(+). For the negative-parity band based on the 11/2(-) state, the alpha = +1/2 signature component is newly established and both the alpha = +1/2 and the alpha = -1/2 signature components also form a complete band structure up to the 35/2(-) state. The positive-and negative-parity bands are proposed to originate from nu d(3/2) 3/2(+)[402] and nu h(11/2)11/2(-)[505] Nilsson configurations, respectively. A backbending is observed in the negative-parity band, which originates from the alignments of two h(11/2) protons according to crank shell model calculations. Based on the total Routhian surface and quasiparticle triaxial rotor model calculations, the negative-parity band is interpreted as a triaxially deformed shape with gamma approximate to -30 degrees, while the positive-parity band is associated with. softness, in accordance with previous studies. In the high-spin states, three decoupled bands and one oblate band with gamma approximate to -60 degrees are newly identified. The systematics and other characteristics of these bands are discussed.
  •  
47.
  • Jia, L. Y., et al. (author)
  • Generalized-seniority pattern and thermal properties in even Sn isotopes
  • 2016
  • In: PHYSICAL REVIEW C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985. ; 94:4
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Even tin isotopes of mass number A = 108-124 are calculated with realistic interactions in the generalized-seniority approximation of the nuclear shell model. For each nucleus, we compute the lowest 10 000 states (5000 of each parity) up to around 8 MeV in excitation energy, by allowing as many as four broken pairs. The lowest 50 eigen energies of each parity are compared with the exact results of the large-scale shell-model calculation. The wave functions of the midshell nuclei show a clear pattern of the stepwise breakup of condensed coherent pairs with increasing excitation energy. We also compute in the canonical ensemble the thermal properties-level density, entropy, and specific heat-in relation to the thermal pairing phase transition.
  •  
48.
  • Jiang, Hui, et al. (author)
  • Magnetic moments of low-lying states in tin isotopes within the nucleon-pair approximation
  • 2014
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 89:1, s. 014320-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The magnetic moments of the first excited 2(+) state in even-even nuclei Sn102-130 and the low-lying yrast states in odd-mass nuclei Sn-101-109,Sn-123-131 are calculated within the framework of the nucleon-pair approximation (NPA) of the shell model, by using the standard multipole-multipole interaction. Our calculations agree reasonably well with available experimental data. The g(2(1)(+)) values, as well as the contributions from their spin and orbital angular momentum components, are evaluated in terms of the small NPA subspace spanned by S and D nucleon pairs. The magnetic moment is suggested to be a sensitive probe of the nuclear wave function in this region.
  •  
49.
  • Jiang, Hui, et al. (author)
  • Nucleon pair approximation description of the low-lying structure of Te-108,Te-109 and I-109
  • 2013
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 88:4, s. 044332-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The low-lying level schemes and electromagnetic transitions of Te-109, I-109, and the neighboring even-even nucleus Te-108 are calculated within the framework of the SD-pair approximation of the nuclear shell model. Good agreement is obtained between the calculated results and experimental data. The favored components of low-lying bands are discussed in the collective nucleon-pair subspace. The weak-coupling picture shown in these nuclei and its relationship with residual quadrupole-quadrupole interaction between valence protons and neutrons are analyzed.
  •  
50.
  • Jiao, L. F., et al. (author)
  • Correlated-basis method for shell-model calculations
  • 2014
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 90:2, s. 024306-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We present a basis selection method for truncated shell-model calculations. In this method, the correlated basis is constructed with the eigenvectors of the Hamiltonian that is diagonalized in each partition of the shell model. A truncation scheme is established by naturally taking the low-lying correlated-basis vectors in different partitions, which is equivalent to the jj-coupling scheme of the shell model when all the correlated-basis vectors are considered. The results are compared with standard shell-model calculations. The convergence properties of the correlated-basis method are discussed.
  •  
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