| 1. |
- Akerstedt, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of single event multilevel surgery and rehabilitation in children and youth with cerebral palsy - A 2-year follow-up study
- 2010
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Ingår i: DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 32:7, s. 530-539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Method. A prospective single-subject study with AB design and 2-year follow-up, included 11 children between 8 and 18 years old with CP, Gross Motor Function Classification System I-III. Visual analyses were used to present physical function with Physical Cost Index (PCI). Descriptive statistics were used to present number of children with a clinically important change in Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), self-reported walking ability, and HRQOL with child health questionnaire (CHQ). Results. PCI showed a trend of lower energy cost during gait in six children and GMFM was unchanged for 10 children and improved for one child. Walking ability was improved in 10 children. Gait distance increased in all 11. Both physical and psychosocial dimensions of CHQ improved in six of nine (two missing data). Expectations of outcomes were fulfilled in seven and partly fulfilled in four. Satisfaction with care was fulfilled in 10 of 11. Conclusion. Self-reported walking ability improved after multilevel surgery and intensive rehabilitation. This result was partly supported by lower energy cost and improved HRQOL. Expectations and satisfaction were fulfilled for the majority of children.
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| 2. |
- Anderson, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Limited angular remodelling after in-situ fixation for slipped capital femoral epiphysis
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : BMC. - 1471-2474. ; 25:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundIn Sweden, most children with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) are operated on with a single smooth pin or a short-threaded screw, allowing further growth of the femoral neck. Using the Swedish Pediatric Orthopaedic Quality registry, SPOQ, we investigated whether angular remodelling occurs adjacent to the proximal femoral epiphysis after fixation of SCFE using implants, allowing continued growth of the femoral neck.MethodsDuring 2008-2010 a total national population of 155 children were reported to the SPOQ registry. Following our strict inclusion criteria, radiographs of 51 hips were further assessed. The lateral Head Shaft Angle (HSA), the Notzli 3-point alpha-angle, the anatomic alpha-angle, and the Anterior Offset Ratio (AOR) on the first postoperative radiographs and at follow-up were measured to describe the occurrence of remodelling. Slip severity was categorised as mild, moderate or severe according to postoperative HSA.ResultsMean and SD values for the change in HSA were 3,7 degrees (5,0 degrees), for 3-point alpha-angle 6,8 degrees (8,9 degrees), and anatomic alpha-angle 13,0 degrees (16,3 degrees). The overall increase in AOR was 0,038 (0.069). There were no significant differences between the slip severity groups.ConclusionsWe found limited angular remodelling after in situ fixation with smooth pins or short threaded screws for SCFE. The angular remodelling and the reduction of the CAM deformity was less than previously described after fixation of SCFE with similar implants. Results about the same magnitude with non-growth sparing techniques suggest that factors other than longitudinal growth of the femoral neck are important for angular remodelling.
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| 3. |
- Johansson, Torsten, et al.
(författare)
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Heterotopic bone formation following internal fixation or arthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fractures: a prospective randomized study
- 2001
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Ingår i: International Orthopaedics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0341-2695 .- 1432-5195. ; 25:4, s. 223-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One hundred hips in 99 patients of 75 years or older, with a displaced femoral neck fracture, were studied for heterotopic ossification (HO). The patients were randomized to either internal fixation or total hip arthroplasty (THA). In the THA group HO was found in 32 of 45 hips compared with 1 of 39 in the internal fixation group (P<0.0012). The frequency of HO after THA corresponds well with findings in other studies on patients receiving THA for osteoarthrosis. In cervical fractures the surgical procedure of total hip replacement seems to be a prerequisite for HO, indicating that the procedure itself is more important than the patient's age and the diagnosis. Severe symptoms due to HO were found in only one patient. HO following THA for a femoral neck fracture is of little clinical importance and prophylaxis is unnecessary.
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| 4. |
- Larnert, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Hip displacement in relation to age and gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Children's Orthopaedics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1863-2521 .- 1863-2548. ; 8:2, s. 129-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Hip dislocation in cerebral palsy (CP) is a serious complication. By radiographic screening and prophylactic surgery of children at risk most dislocations can be prevented. CPUP, the Swedish CP registry and follow-up program, includes annual radiographic examinations of children at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels III-V. Data from CPUP were analysed to assess the risk of hip displacement in relation to GMFCS levels and age. Methods: All children at GMFCS levels III-V (N = 353) whose first radiographic screening occurred before 3 years of age were followed between the ages 2-7 years. Migration percentages (MPs) were recorded annually (1,664 pelvic radiographs) and analysed using discrete time survival analysis. Results: The risk of hip displacement between 2 years and 7 years of age was significantly (p < 0.05) higher for children at GMFCS level V during the entire study period. The risk was highest at 2-3 years of age and decreased significantly (p < 0.001) with each year of age (OR = 0.71, 95 % CI 0.60-0.83). The cumulative risk at age 7 years for those at GMFCS V for MP ≥ 40 % was 47 % (95 % CI 37-58). The corresponding risk at GMFCS IV was 24 % (16-34) and at GMFCS III 23 % (12-42). Conclusions: Children at GMFCS V have a significantly higher risk of hip displacement compared with children at GMFCS III-IV. The risk is highest at 2-3 years of age. The results support a surveillance program including radiographic hip examinations as soon as the diagnosis of severe CP is suspected.
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| 5. |
- Lindqvist, Kent, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a child safety program based on the WHO Safe Community model
- 2002
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Ingår i: Injury Prevention. - : BMJ. - 1353-8047 .- 1475-5785. ; 8:1, s. 23-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To evaluate the outcome of the World Health Organization (WHO) Safe Community model with respect to child injuries.Study design: A population based quasiexperimental design was used. Cross sectional pre-implementation and post-implementation data were collected in intervention (Motala municipality) and control (Mjölby municipality) areas, both in Östergötland county, Sweden.Results: The total relative risk of child injury in the intervention community decreased more (odds ratio 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68 to 0.81) than in a control community exposed only to national level injury prevention programs (0.93; 95% CI 0.82 to 1.05). The relative risk of moderately (abbreviated injury scale (AIS) 2) severe injury in the study area was reduced to almost a half (odds ratio 0.49; 95% CI 0.41 to 0.57), whereas the risk of minor (AIS 1) injuries decreased only slightly (odds ratio 0.89; 95% CI 0.80 to 0.99). The risk of severe or fatal (AIS 3–6) injuries remained constant.Conclusions: After introduction of an injury prevention program based on the WHO Safe Community model, the relative risk for child injury in the intervention community decreased significantly more than in a control community exposed only to national injury prevention programs.
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| 6. |
- Liu, Yawei, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Fibroblast proliferation due to exposure to a platelet concentrate in vitro is pH dependent
- 2002
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Ingår i: Wound Repair and Regeneration. - 1067-1927 .- 1524-475X. ; 10:5, s. 336-340
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of platelet-rich plasma lysates on fibroblast proliferation was studied in culture. Cells were exposed to platelet lysates that had been preincubated at different pHs (5.0, 7.1, and 7.6). Proliferation was evaluated with the MTT assay and incorporation of [3H]thymidine into macromolecules, while type I collagen production was assayed by Western blotting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to determine platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor-β concentrations. Platelets preincubated in an acidic environment (pH 5.0) induced the highest degree of fibroblast proliferation, and the concentration of platelet-derived growth factor in the different treated lysates was the highest at that particular pH. The concentration of transforming growth factor-β, however, was lower after incubation at pH 5.0 than at either pH 7.1 or 7.6. These findings may be relevant to normal wound healing in vivo and useful in the treatment of wounds and delayed healing processes.
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| 7. |
- Liu, Yawei, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Time- and pH-dependent release of PDGF and TGF-ß from platelets in vitro
- 2003
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Ingår i: Platelets. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0953-7104 .- 1369-1635. ; 14:4, s. 233-237
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied the spontaneous and thrombin-induced activation of platelets and their release of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) at different pH values. Platelet activation was assayed with anti-bodies against P-selectin and performed in serum-free media. The release of PDGF and TGF-β was determined by ELISA after 15 min and 12 h. There was no activation at pH 5.0, while a time-dependent release of growth factors occurred at neutral and alkaline pH. The results suggest that release of growth factors is not only dependent on platelet activation but also on incubation time and pH. Although the used serum-free experimental situation is different from normal conditions for platelets in vivo, the findings of a late release of growth factors may, nevertheless, be relevant to wound healing.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Risto, Anton, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term Follow-up, Patient Satisfaction, and Quality of Life for Patients With Kocks Continent Ileostomy
- 2021
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Ingår i: Diseases of the Colon & Rectum. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0012-3706 .- 1530-0358. ; 64:4, s. 420-428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Continent ileostomy is a solution for patients after proctocolectomy. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the long-term complications and failure rate alongside patient satisfaction, function, and quality of life for patients with a continent ileostomy. DESIGN: This was a retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study. SETTINGS: All patients were operated in 1 center between 1980 and 2016. PATIENTS: A total of 85 patients received a de novo continent ileostomy in our institution. Sixty-nine patients (80%) had ulcerative colitis, 12 (14%) had Crohns disease, 2 had indeterminate colitis, and 1 each had familial adenomatous polyposis and anal atresia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Medical charts were reviewed for reoperations and pouchitis. The 36-Item Short Form, Short Health Scale, and a local continent ileostomy questionnaire were used to assess quality of life, function, and satisfaction. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 24 years, 67 patients (79%) underwent a total of 237 reoperations, of which 15 were conversions to end ileostomies, that is, failures. Fifty patients (59%) underwent repeat laparotomies, excluding loop ileostomy closures. Nipple detachment was the most common cause for repeat laparotomy, and fistulation was the most common cause for pouch removal. IPAA before continent ileostomy was associated with an increased risk for failure. Crohns disease was not associated with an increased risk for reoperation or failure. Forty-three patients (84%) reported that they were satisfied. Seventy patients were available for questionnaires, and 50 patients (71%) answered. There was no difference in the 36-Item Short Form between the continent ileostomy population and an age-matched control population. LIMITATIONS: The retrospective, single-center design of the study alongside <100% response rate are to be considered limitations. CONCLUSIONS: Despite large numbers of complications, patients are generally satisfied with their continent ileostomies, and their quality of life is comparable to the general population. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B444.
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| 10. |
- Risto, Anton, 1984-
(författare)
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Reconstruction after Colectomy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- After colectomy there are four options available. The least complicated and most common is to leave the end ileostomy and not go for any reconstructive surgery. Then there is the ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) in which the rectum is removed, but the anal canal and a small rectal “cuff” is preserved. The pouch is created from the distal ileum and anastomosed to the rectal cuff. In the ileorectal anastomosis (IRA) the rectum is spared, and the distal ileum is anastomosed to the top of the rectum. In the continent ileostomy (CI), also referred to as the Kock pouch, the fecal flow is let out through the abdominal wall, but a pouch and a nipple valve mechanism is created making the stoma continent which needs to be manually emptied. This thesis aims to investigate function, quality of life, satisfaction, complications, and aspects associated with the chance of having reconstructive surgery after colectomy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), i.e. ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn’s disease (CD).The first two papers focus on the continent ileostomy, the most uncommon of the options after colectomy. In Paper 1 all patients who have received a CI at our center were identified and medical charts were reviewed for complications and CI patency. Function and quality of life were evaluated with the 36-item short form survey (SF-36), short health scale (SHS) and a local CI specific questionnaire for function and satisfaction. In Paper II, the Swedish national patient register (NPR) was used to identify all patients with an IBD diagnosis who had received a CI and data on diagnosis, demographics, reoperations, and excisions were obtained from the register. Paper III describes an ongoing prospective non-randomized, multi-center, open-label, controlled trial between IRA and IPAA in UC patients subjected to colectomy. The primary endpoint is satisfaction but Quality of Life (QoL), sexual function, bowel function and complications are also evaluated. In Paper IV, we investigated if the chance of getting reconstructed after colectomy was dependent on the IPAA volumes at the colectomy hospital using data from the national patient register. The hospitals were arranged in to four categories based on the average annual number of IPAA procedures: (0, 1-3, 4-7, >7 procedures per year). In Paper I we found that 59 % of CI patients needed repeat laparotomy after a median follow up of 24 years and nipple detachment was the most common cause of repeat laparotomy. Fifteen patients (18 %) had their CIs converted to end ileostomies and the most common cause for this was fistulas. Eighty-four per cent of CI patients reported satisfaction with their reconstruction. The national study in Paper II identified 727 IBD patients with CI and the median follow-up time was 27 years. During follow-up, 1484 reoperations were performed on 536 patients (74 %). Twenty-six per cent of the patients did not have any reoperations, 24 % had one reoperation, 20 % had two reoperations and the remaining 30 % had between three and 15 reoperations each. The CIs were identified to have been removed in 77 (11 %) patients. In Paper III we have so far included 47 patients in the intervention arms out of which 35 (74 %) have chosen IRA and 12 patients (26 %) have chosen IPAA. Another 44 (40 % of the whole group) patients have so far received an IPAA but were deemed non-eligible for both IRA and IPAA and were hence not eligible for the intervention arms. So far 18 patients (17 % of the whole group) have chosen an ileostomy. In Paper IV we first identified 4112 UC patients subjected to colectomy between 1997 and 2020. Out of these 4112 patients, 1932 (47 %) went through some kind of reconstruction, 964 (50 %) IRA, 927 (48 %) IPAA and 41 (2 %) CI. The proportion having restorative surgery was larger for patients subjected to colectomy at a high IPAA volume center (62 % vs 38 %) and the chance of getting an IPAA increased with each IPAA volume category (Hazard ratios (HR) were: 1; 1.49 95 % CI (1.25-1.78) ; 1.79 95 % CI (1.49-2.15) and 2.11 95 % CI (1.70-2.62) respectively)The IPAA volumes did not affect the chance of receiving an IRA or the risk of failure of reconstruction.
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| 11. |
- Risto, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Elderly men with a history of distal radius fracture have significantly lower calcaneal bone density and free androgen index than age-matched controls
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Aging Male. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1368-5538 .- 1473-0790. ; 15:1, s. 59-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Age related bone loss is widely accepted as related to decreased serum levels of circulating sex hormones. Epidemiological data also show distal radius fractures in men to be a sensitive marker of bone fragility. The aim of this study was to assess if men with a history of distal radius fracture have lower bone mass density (BMD), lower free androgen index (FAI), lower total testosterone (T) and lower bio-available testosterone (Bio-T) than healthy age-matched controls. Patients and methods: A case-control study is based on consecutive cases treated for low energy distal radius fracture at our department and age-matched controls. Thirty-nine men treated between 1997-2004 and 45 age-matched controls underwent calcaneal bone density measurements (t-score) and analyses of T, Bio-T and serum hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Results: The fracture group had lower BMD (p andlt; 0.01) and lower FAI (p = 0.01). Linear regression analysis showed a correlation between Bio-T and t-scores (p = 0.03). Using analysis of covariance, a significant difference with lower Bio-T in the fracture group was shown. Conclusion: Bio-T seems to correlate with BMD in elderly men and may serve as a marker for increased fracture risk in this patient group.
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| 12. |
- Risto, Olof
(författare)
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Heterotopic bone formation following total hip arthroplasty : clinical and experimental studies using NSAID and patelet-derived growth factor
- 1995
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A consecutive series of 104 Lubinus IP arthroplasties was retrospectively studied with regard to heterotopic bone formation (HBF). Fifty-three cases were treated for 10 ± 2 days postoperatively with the NSAID oxyphenbutazone. Radiological follow up three months postoperatively showed significant HBF (;;,20mm) in 21 patients in the untreated and in none in the treated group (pIn another retrospective series, all except 4 of 220 total hip arthroplasties were treated for about two weeks with oxyphenbutazone. Charnley (C), McKee-Farrar (M) and Bmnswik (B) arthroplasty were studied. The incidence ofHBF in the entire series was low (15%). Some degree ofHBF was seen in 37% (C), 8.3% (M) and 8.5% (B). Significant HBF (;;, 20mm) was seen in 30% (C), 4,8%(M) and 1,2% (B). Five years postoperatively,no significant functional differences were seen between the patients with HBF and those without HBF. Trochanter osteotomy (C) seemed to be the reason for the significantly higher incidence of HBF for C than for M and B, respectively (pIn a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study of 100 Lubinus SP Il arthroplasties diclofenac treatment (50mgx3) almost completely abolished substantial HBF (;;,20mm). In the placebo group, significant HBF was found in 3 3 of a total of 4 7 hips, compared to 1 of a total of 46 hips in the treated group (pPDGF (20 ng/ml) and induction of heterotopic new woven bone was studied in rats. The agent was administered locally and continuously for two weeks by means of mini-osmotic pumps inserted subcutaneously. The PDGF reached 6-mm long pieces of demineralized rat femur implanted into gluteal muscle pouches. Each rat had a contralateral control piece implanted. PDGF increased the ash-weights of the samples significantly (p<0.05).Using the same type of administration system, the effects ofa very small total dose (40 ng) of diclofenac on induction of new woven bone, were studied. The diclofenac treated samples showed significantly reduced ashweights (p<0.05).The effects of 0-200 11g diclofenac/ml after 48 h on the proliferation of cultured, serum starved human fibroblasts stimulated or not stimulated with PDGF, were studied using [3H]-thymidine. A dose-dependent inhibition was obvious at 211g/ml and significant at 5 11g/ml (p<0.05) both in the presence and in the absence of PDGF. The inhibiting effect occurred during the first 24 h of the PDGF-induced mitogenic signal. TRlTC-labelled phalloidin was used to study early and late effects of diclofenac on the organization of actin. Typical PDGF-induced changes of the actin cytoskeleton were inhibited by diclofenac. Diclofenac also caused the cells to assume a more epitheloidlike shape.The effects of diclofenac (50 l!g/ml) on whole cell appearance of human, serum starved fibroblasts, stimulated or not stimulated with PDGF, were studied using scanning electron microscopy. Cellular effects equivalentto the actin organization changes were detected at 15 min, 1 hand 48 h after administration of diclofenac. The morphological changes caused by diclofenac probably represent decreased cell motility.The extent of surgical trauma, and especially detachment of periosteum, seems to be the factor eliciting HBF after THA by activation of endogenous factors. NSA!Ds probably act prophylactically against HBF by inhibiting the recruitment of fibroblasts and their subsequent proliferation stimulated by PDGF and other growth factors.NSAID treatment for two weeks after THA and avoidance, if possible, of trochanter osteotomy is recommended for prophylaxis against HBF.
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| 13. |
- Risto, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Outcome after osteochondroplasty and relative neck lengthening for patients with healed Legg-Calve-Perthes disease: a retrospective cohort study of patients with hip-deformities treated with osteochondroplasty and relative neck lengthening
- 2021
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Ingår i: HIP International. - : Sage Publications. - 1120-7000 .- 1724-6067. ; 31:3, s. 417-423
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Our main objectives were to evaluate the effect of surgery using self-assessed health scores. Secondary objectives were to correlate outcome with grade of deformity (Stulberg classification I-V) or age at surgery and whether additional periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is beneficial for patients with concurrent acetabular dysplasia. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort and in part a cross sectional study using a planned clinical and radiological follow-up of patients. All patients with healed Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD) treated with osteochondroplasty and relative neck lengthening using surgical hip dislocation, with or without periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) were included. A total of 39 patients were identified and invited to participate (29 males and 10 females) of which 32 accepted. Radiographic assessment and Stulberg classification were obtained. The Nonarthritic Hip Score (NAHS), modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and the VAS scale of EQ-5D-5L were used. Results: The majority of the patients experienced improvement (74%, n = 27) and 21 patients (78%, n = 27) found the surgery worthwhile. Preoperative Stulberg II and III patients (83% improvement) showed better results than Stulberg IV and V patients (56% improvement) (n = 27, p = 0.121). There was significantly better patient-satisfaction for those younger than 29 years of age (amp;lt;= 18 years old (92%), 19-28 years old (89%), amp;gt; 29 years old (67%), x(2)(2) = 8512, n = 27, p = 0.022) and a negative correlation for age at onset of LCPD and mHHS (r = -0.420, p = 0.046, n = 23). Patients with concurrent acetabular dysplasia (n = 19), 82% (9 of 11) improved after additional PAO compared to 63% (5 of 8) who were not operated on with PAO. Conclusion: This procedure is worthwhile in selected cases except for severe deformity (Stulberg IV and V) and patients amp;gt;28 years of age.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Timpka, Toomas, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Boys soccer league injuries : A community-based study of time-loss from sports participation and long-term sequelae
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 18:1, s. 19-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Youth soccer is important for keeping European children physically active. The aim of this study is to examine injuries sustained in a community soccer league for boys with regard to age-related incidence, time lost from participation and long-term sequelae. Methods: Primary injury data was collected from a soccer league including 1800 players, comprising approximately 25% of all boys 13-16 years of age in three Swedish municipalities (population 150 000). Injuries were primarily identified based on a time loss definition of sports injury. At the end of the season, a physician interviewed every player who reported injured to determine whether there were any remaining sequelae. If a sequela was confirmed, the physician repeated the interview 6, 18 and 48 months after the end of the season. Results: Forty-four injuries were recorded during 18 720 player game hours (2.4 injuries per 1000 player game hours). The highest injury incidence (6.8 injuries per 1000 player game hours) was recorded in the first-year elite divisions. Thirty-two injuries (73%) were categorized as moderate-severe, and 21 injuries (48%) required medical attention. Eight injuries caused sequelae that remained 6 months after the end of the season, and 3 injuries caused sequelae that lasted 4 years after the injury event. Conclusion: An overall low injury rate makes soccer a suitable sport for inclusion in programmes that promote physical activity among children. When organizing soccer leagues for boys, injury prevention programmes should be provided to adolescent players when they begin playing in competitive divisions. © The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.
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| 16. |
- Timpka, Toomas, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Injuries in competitive youth bandy : An epidemiological study of a league season
- 2002
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Ingår i: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. - 0195-9131 .- 1530-0315. ; 34:6, s. 993-997
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Bandy, with a century-long tradition in northern Europe, is a winter team-sport similar to ice hockey. To investigate the occurrence of injuries during competitive youth bandy games, injury incidence, injury types, and age-related risks were analyzed for one youth league season. Methods: The National Athletic Injury/Illness Reporting System (NAIRS) definition of sports injury was used for the injury registration. All 416 games during the 1999-2000 season in the Swedish southeastern youth bandy league were included in the study. Primary data was collected by a questionnaire and completed by the team coaches after each game. At the end of the season, physician interviews with each team coach were performed to assure that no injuries had been missed as well as to ascertain whether there was any remaining disability. Results: In total, 2.0 injuries (95% confidence interval 1.2-2.9 injuries) per 1000 player game hours were recorded. Sixty-eight percent of the injuries caused the injured player to be absent from bandy play for more than a week. Collision was the most common cause of injury (36%), and contusion was the most common injury type (41%). The injury incidence in the leagues for older players (Youth 14 - Youth 16) was slightly higher than in the leagues for the younger players (Youth 12 - Youth 13), while participation by under-aged players in games organized for older players led to an almost four-fold increase of injury risk. For severe injuries, the mean rehabilitation time away from bandy practice or competition was 27 d (range 8-56 d). Conclusion: The overall injury incidence during youth bandy games is low, but the injuries that occur cause extensive absences from the only four months long bandy season. From a public health perspective, bandy can be recommended for consideration when physical exercise is to be promoted among school-age children in countries with a winter climate.
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| 17. |
- Timpka, Toomas, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Injury incidence in a men's elite bandy league : An epidemiological study of a full regular season
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 17:6, s. 636-640
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bandy is a popular European winter team-sport. The best bandy teams participate in semi-professional leagues, where the play-off games attract more than 10 000 spectators. Injury patterns in elite bandy have not been investigated previously. The aim of this study is to examine the incidence and types of injuries sustained during elite bandy games for men. Twelve of the 16 teams in the Swedish elite bandy league during the 2002 season participated in the study. In total, 36 injuries were recorded, corresponding to 7.3 injuries/1000 player game hours and 5.7 injuries/1000 athlete exposures. Collision was the most common injury cause (47%), while contusion was the most common injury type (25%), followed by fracture (22%) and ligament rupture (19%). The study showed that the injury incidence in elite bandy is low, but also that the injuries that are still sustained are relatively severe. This pattern can be explained by the fact that even though bandy rules do not allow body checks, collisions between skaters moving at high speeds still cause the majority of injuries. Further studies of the injury rehabilitation practices, and the implementation and evaluation of safety programs in elite bandy are warranted. © 2007 Blackwell Munksgaard.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Wang, Xiaoyang, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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N-acetylcysteine reduces lipopolysaccharide-sensitized hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Annals of neurology. - : Wiley. - 0364-5134 .- 1531-8249. ; 61:3, s. 263-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Maternal inflammation/infection alone or in combination with birth asphyxia increases the risk for perinatal brain injury. Free radicals are implicated as major mediators of inflammation and hypoxia-ischemia (HI)-induced perinatal brain injury. This study evaluated the neuroprotective efficacy of a scavenging agent, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), in a clinically relevant model. METHODS: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-sensitized HI brain injury was induced in 8-day-old neonatal rats. NAC was administered in multiple doses, and brain injury was evaluated at 7 days after HI. RESULTS: NAC (200mg/kg) provided marked neuroprotection with up to 78% reduction of brain injury in the pre+post-HI treatment group and 41% in the early (0 hour) post-HI treatment group, which was much more pronounced protection than another free radical scavenger, melatonin. Protection by NAC was associated with the following factors: (1) reduced isoprostane activation and nitrotyrosine formation; (2) increased levels of the antioxidants glutathione, thioredoxin-2, and (3) inhibition of caspase-3, calpain, and caspase-1 activation. INTERPRETATION: NAC provides substantial neuroprotection against brain injury in a model that combines infection/inflammation and HI. Protection by NAC was associated with improvement of the redox state and inhibition of apoptosis, suggesting that these events play critical roles in the development of lipopolysaccharide-sensitized HI brain injury.
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