| 1. |
- Ahorsu, Daniel K., et al.
(author)
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The Fear of COVID-19 Scale : Development and Initial Validation
- 2022
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In: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 20, s. 1537-1545
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The emergence of the COVID-19 and its consequences has led to fears, worries, and anxiety among individuals worldwide. The present study developed the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) to complement the clinical efforts in preventing the spread and treating of COVID-19 cases.Methods: The sample comprised 717 Iranian participants. The items of the FCV-19S were constructed based on extensive review of existing scales on fears, expert evaluations, and participant interviews. Several psychometric tests were conducted to ascertain its reliability and validity properties.Results: After panel review and corrected item-total correlation testing, seven items with acceptable corrected item-total correlation (0.47 to 0.56) were retained and further confirmed by significant and strong factor loadings (0.66 to 0.74). Also, other properties evaluated using both classical test theory and Rasch model were satisfactory on the seven-item scale. More specifically, reliability values such as internal consistency (α =.82) and test–retest reliability (ICC =.72) were acceptable. Concurrent validity was supported by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (with depression, r = 0.425 and anxiety, r = 0.511) and the Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Scale (with perceived infectability, r = 0.483 and germ aversion, r = 0.459).Conclusion: The Fear of COVID-19 Scale, a seven-item scale, has robust psychometric properties. It is reliable and valid in assessing fear of COVID-19 among the general population and will also be useful in allaying COVID-19 fears among individuals.
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| 2. |
- Ameryoun, Ahmad, et al.
(author)
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Effectiveness of an In-Service Education Program to Improve Patient Safety Directed at Surgical Residents : A Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2019
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In: Journal of Surgical Education. - ;HHJ : Elsevier. - 1931-7204 .- 1878-7452. ; 76:5, s. 1309-1318
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Patient safety is a critical issue in healthcare services particularly in surgical units and operation rooms because of the high prevalence and risk of medical errors in such settings. This study was conducted to determine whether a 1-day educational intervention can change the attitude and behavior of surgical residents regarding patient safety.Methods: A total of 90 surgical residents were recruited from 6 university hospitals located in Tehran and Qazvin, Iran, and were randomized to either the intervention or a control group. Those in the intervention group participated in a 1-day workshop on patient safety, whereas the control group received no intervention. Both groups were followed for 3 months after the intervention was completed. The Safety Attitude Questionnaire and Oxford Non-Technical Skills scale were administered at 3 points in time (baseline, 1 month after the intervention, and 3 month later). The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.Results: Total score on the Safety Attitude Questionnaire improved from 54.5 (SD = 14.4) at baseline to 58.3 (SD = 13.8) 3 months after the intervention in the intervention group; all dimensions, with the exception of working condition, showed significant changes. In addition, the Oxford Non-Technical Skills scale – as assessed by attending surgeons – improved significantly in all domains (p < 0.05). More than 60% of participants in the intervention group scored in the positive range for items assessing safety and teamwork climate.Conclusions: A 1-day interactive educational workshop may be effective in changing the attitude and practice of surgical residents regarding patient safety. Further assessment of this intervention in other healthcare settings involving health professionals from various specialties and use of an objective measure such as number of reported medical errors are needed to corroborate these findings.
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| 3. |
- Felsberg, Michael, et al.
(author)
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The Thermal Infrared Visual Object Tracking VOT-TIR2015 Challenge Results
- 2015
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In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781467383905 ; , s. 639-651
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Thermal Infrared Visual Object Tracking challenge 2015, VOTTIR2015, aims at comparing short-term single-object visual trackers that work on thermal infrared (TIR) sequences and do not apply prelearned models of object appearance. VOT-TIR2015 is the first benchmark on short-term tracking in TIR sequences. Results of 24 trackers are presented. For each participating tracker, a short description is provided in the appendix. The VOT-TIR2015 challenge is based on the VOT2013 challenge, but introduces the following novelties: (i) the newly collected LTIR (Linköping TIR) dataset is used, (ii) the VOT2013 attributes are adapted to TIR data, (iii) the evaluation is performed using insights gained during VOT2013 and VOT2014 and is similar to VOT2015.
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| 4. |
- Ghoncheh, Karim Asgari, et al.
(author)
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Fear of COVID-19 and religious coping mediate the associations between religiosity and distress among older adults
- 2021
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In: HEALTH PROMOTION PERSPECTIVES. - : TABRIZ UNIV MEDICAL SCIENCES & HEALTH SERVICES. - 2228-6497. ; 11:3, s. 316-322
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: A mediation model was proposed to explain how religiosity, religious cooping, and fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) explained anxiety and depression among older adults. Methods: With the use of a cross-sectional design, the Integrated Health System was used to randomly invite 1000 older adults residing in Qazvin to participate in an online survey. Within the period of November, 2020 to January 2021, 696 older Iranian adults (mean age = 69.56 years; 57.9% women) agreed to participate in the study and reported demographic information as well as measures of religiosity, fear of COVID-19, religious coping, anxiety, and depression. Results: Religiosity had direct effects on depression (B [SE] = -0.087 [0.037]; P = 0.023) but not anxiety (B [SE]=-0.063 [0.036]; P = 0.072). Moreover, both fear of COVID-19 and religious coping significantly mediated the association between religiosity and anxiety (B [SE] = -0.360 [0.035]; p = 0.002) and that between religiosity and depression (B [SE] = -0.365 [0.034]; P = 0.002). Conclusion: During the tough time of COVID-19 pandemic, religiosity and religious coping were protectors for older adults in developing good mental. Therefore, future research is needed to examine education programs that are effective for older adults to obtain correct knowledge concerning COVID-19, including the protective COVID-19 infection behaviors. Therefore, older adults may reduce their fear via their enhanced correct knowledge concerning COVID-19.
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| 5. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(author)
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The Visual Object Tracking VOT2014 Challenge Results
- 2015
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In: COMPUTER VISION - ECCV 2014 WORKSHOPS, PT II. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319161808 - 9783319161815 ; , s. 191-217
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge 2014, VOT2014, aims at comparing short-term single-object visual trackers that do not apply pre-learned models of object appearance. Results of 38 trackers are presented. The number of tested trackers makes VOT 2014 the largest benchmark on short-term tracking to date. For each participating tracker, a short description is provided in the appendix. Features of the VOT2014 challenge that go beyond its VOT2013 predecessor are introduced: (i) a new VOT2014 dataset with full annotation of targets by rotated bounding boxes and per-frame attribute, (ii) extensions of the VOT2013 evaluation methodology, (iii) a new unit for tracking speed assessment less dependent on the hardware and (iv) the VOT2014 evaluation toolkit that significantly speeds up execution of experiments. The dataset, the evaluation kit as well as the results are publicly available at the challenge website (http://votchallenge.net).
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| 6. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(author)
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The Visual Object Tracking VOT2015 challenge results
- 2015
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In: Proceedings 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops ICCVW 2015. - : IEEE. - 9780769557205 ; , s. 564-586
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge 2015, VOT2015, aims at comparing short-term single-object visual trackers that do not apply pre-learned models of object appearance. Results of 62 trackers are presented. The number of tested trackers makes VOT 2015 the largest benchmark on short-term tracking to date. For each participating tracker, a short description is provided in the appendix. Features of the VOT2015 challenge that go beyond its VOT2014 predecessor are: (i) a new VOT2015 dataset twice as large as in VOT2014 with full annotation of targets by rotated bounding boxes and per-frame attribute, (ii) extensions of the VOT2014 evaluation methodology by introduction of a new performance measure. The dataset, the evaluation kit as well as the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 7. |
- Lin, C. -Y, et al.
(author)
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Advanced psychometric testing on a clinical screening tool to evaluate insomnia : sleep condition indicator in patients with advanced cancer
- 2020
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In: Sleep and Biological Rhythms. - : Springer. - 1446-9235 .- 1479-8425. ; 18, s. 343-349
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: To examine the psychometric properties of the Sleep Condition Indicator (SCI) using different psychometric approaches [including classical test theory, Rasch models, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve] among patients with advanced cancer.Methods: Through convenience sampling, patients with cancer at stage III or IV (n = 859; 511 males; mean ± SD age = 67.4 ± 7.5 years) were recruited from several oncology units of university hospitals in Iran. All the participants completed the SCI, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS). In addition, 491 participants wore an actigraph device to capture objective sleep.Results: Classical test theory [factor loadings from confirmatory factor analysis = 0.76–0.89; test–retest reliability = 0.80–0.93] and Rasch analysis [infit mean square (MnSq) = 0.63–1.31; outfit MnSq = 0.61–1.23] both support the construct validity of the SCI. The SCI had significant associations with ISI, PSQI, ESS, HADS, GHQ, and ESAS. In addition, the SCI has satisfactory area under ROC curve (0.92) when comparing a gold standard of insomnia diagnosis. Significant differences in the actigraphy measure were found between insomniacs and non-insomniacs based on the SCI score defined by ROC.Conclusion: With the promising psychometric properties shown in the SCI, healthcare providers can use this simple assessment tool to target the patients with advanced cancer who are at risk of insomnia and subsequently provide personalized care efficiently.
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| 8. |
- Lin, Chung-Ying, et al.
(author)
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Effects of religiosity and religious coping on medication adherence and quality of life among people with epilepsy
- 2018
-
In: Epilepsy & Behavior. - : Elsevier. - 1525-5050 .- 1525-5069. ; 78, s. 45-51
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The epidemiologic information demonstrates the importance of caring people with epilepsy (PWE). Indeed, the impaired quality of life (QoL) and medication nonadherence rate among PWE have been reported. However, religiosity and religious coping could be potential factors for clinicians to foster appropriate intervention on epileptic care. This study investigated two models to further understand the relationships between religiosity, religious coping (including positive and negative coping), medication adherence, and QoL in an Iranian sample with epilepsy. Eligible PWE (n = 760) completed the religiosity scale (Duke University Religion Index; DUREL) at baseline; the religious coping scale (Brief Religious Coping Scale; Brief RCOPE) one month later; the medication adherence scale (Medication Adherence Report Scale; MARS-5) two months later; and the QoL scale (Quality of Life in Epilepsy; QOLIE-31) twelve months later. Their antiepileptic drug serum level was measured during the period they completed the MARS. Through structural equation modeling (SEM), we found that religiosity directly correlated with negative religious coping and medication adherence, and indirectly correlated with medication adherence through negative religious coping. Both positive and negative religious coping directly correlated with medication adherence and QoL. Therefore, religiosity and religious coping may be determinants of medication adherence and QoL in PWE; health professionals may consider asking PWE if religion is important to them and how they use it to cope with their epilepsy.
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| 9. |
- Mahmoudi, H., et al.
(author)
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A mediating role for mental health in associations between COVID-19-related self-stigma, PTSD, quality of life, and insomnia among patients recovered from COVID-19
- 2021
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In: Brain and Behavior. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2162-3279 .- 2162-3279.
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Patients with COVID-19 often suffer from psychological problems such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and self-stigmatization that may negatively impact their quality of life and sleep. This study examined mental health as a potential mediating factor linking self-stigmatization and PTSD to quality of life and sleep. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, 844 people who had recovered from COVID-19 were called and interviewed. Data were collected using structured scales. Structural equation modeling was applied to assess fitness of a mediation model including self-stigma and PTSD as independent factors and quality of life and insomnia as dependent variables. Results: Mental health, COVID-19-related self-stigma, and mental quality of life were associated. Insomnia, PTSD, and COVID-19-related self-stigma displayed significant direct associations (r =.334 to 0.454; p <.01). A mediation model indicated satisfactory goodness of fit (CFI = 0.968, TLI = 0.950, SRMR = 0.071, RMSEA = 0.068). Mental health as a mediator had negative relationships with COVID-19-related self-stigma, PTSD, and insomnia and positive associations with quality of life. Conclusion: Mental health may mediate effects of COVID-19-related self-stigma and PTSD on quality of life and insomnia. Designing programs to improve mental health among patients with COVID-19 may include efforts to reduce negative effects of PTSD and COVID-19-related self-stigma on quality of life and insomnia.
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| 10. |
- Momeni Dolatabadi, Amir, et al.
(author)
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Last stage stator blade profile improvement for a steam turbine under a non-equilibrium condensation condition : A CFD and cost-saving approach
- 2023
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In: Alexandria Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1110-0168 .- 2090-2670. ; 73, s. 27-46
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Non-equilibrium phenomena and related damages have always been one of the great concerns among researchers, designers, and industry managers. In power plants, the overhaul of turbines during a pre-planned schedule includes checking, repairing, and replacing damaged parts, which always challenge industry investors with variable costs. In this study, a modified profile for the stationary cascade blades of a 200 MW steam turbine is predicted by help of the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) according to a cost-saving approach for a power plant. Wet steam model is used to investigate the flow behavior between the turbine blades, due to the sonication and non-equilibrium phenomena. The numerical model based on the Eulerian-Eulerian approach accounts the turbulence caused by the presence of droplets, condensation shocks and aerodynamics. At first, such model has been carefully validated against the available experimental data. Then, the entrance edge of the blade is designed considering different shapes and sizes. The flow behavior at the entrance edge region has been fully investigated. Finally, according to the criteria for measuring the non-equilibrium flow phenomena (erosion rate, Mach number, entropy, exergy destruction and transfer of mass and heat between flow phases), a modified model for the steam turbine blade considering the economic aspects has been presented. The modified blade model exhibits 88%, 0.13% and 7% reduction in the erosion rate, entropy generation and exergy destruction, respectively. Furthermore, the application of this modified blade profile save 456$ of the total monthly maintenance costs.
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| 11. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(author)
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Promoting medication adherence among patients with bipolar disorder : a multicenter randomized controlled trial of a multifaceted intervention
- 2017
-
In: Psychological Medicine. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 47:14, s. 2528-2539
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The present research aimed to investigate the efficacy of a multifaceted intervention that included motivational interviewing (MI) and psychoeducation in improving medication adherence (MA) among patients with bipolar disorder (BD).Method: A multicenter, cluster randomized, observer-blind, controlled, parallel-group trial was conducted in ten academic centers in Iran. Patients with BD were randomly assigned to the experimental group (EXP; n = 136) or the usual care group (UC; n = 134). The EXP group received five sessions of MI and psychoeducation together with their family members. The primary outcome measure was changes in scores on the Medication Adherence Rating Scale from baseline to 6 months post-intervention. Other outcome measures included serum levels of mood stabilizers, clinical symptoms, quality of life, as well as measures of intention, beliefs about medicine, perceived behavioral control, automaticity, action and coping planning, and adverse reactions.Results: Medication adherence improved over time in both groups, but patients in the EXP group improved more (baseline score: 6.03; score at the sixth month: 9.55) than patients in the UC group (baseline score: 6.17; score at the sixth month: 6.67). In addition, patients in the EXP group showed greater improvement than patients in the UC group in almost all secondary outcomes 6 months following the intervention.Conclusions: Multifaceted interventions that include motivational-interviewing and psychoeducation can significantly improve MA and clinical and functional outcomes in patients with BD.
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| 12. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(author)
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Prospective case-control study of sexual dysfunction in female patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
- 2017
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In: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Sage Publications. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 16:Suppl. 1, s. S85-S86
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Regarding the lack of earlier studies on sexual function in female patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TSCM), the current study aimed at an investigation of psychological and quality of life measures associated with sexual function in female patients with TSCM.Methods: In this Prospective case-control study, female patients with TSCM from university hospitals in Tehran and Qazvin were enrolled and matched (1:1.1) with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) along with healthy controls (94 patients per group). Data on hospital anxiety and depression scale, SF-12, female sexual function index and female sexual distress scale were assessed at baseline, 6 months and 18 months. Multilevel logistic regressions ought associations between variables.Results: Sexual function, anxiety and depression at baseline were different among the groups with worse situations in female patients with TSCM (p < 0.01). Quality of life at baseline was similar among patient groups but at lower state than healthy controls. Overall, quality of life subscales especially among female patients with TSCM showed a downward trend, indicating deterioration overtime. Higher prevalence of sexual dysfunction in TSCM group was seen compared to female patients with AMI and control group over time (OR, 3.10 and 2.28 respectively). Sexual functioning was found to be a mediator between anxiety and quality of life which positively impacts on patient’s quality of life.Conclusions: Since the psychological and quality of life measures as well as sexual function indicated a descending trend across time, there is a necessity to intervene for these women by focus on problems like anxiety to control health deterioration.
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| 13. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(author)
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Psychometric properties of the national eye institute refractive error correction quality-of-life questionnaire among Iranian patients
- 2013
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In: Oman Journal of Ophthalmology. - 0974-620X .- 0974-7842. ; 6:1, s. 37-43
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and Aim:To evaluate the psychometric properties of the national Eye Institute refractive error correction quality of life questionnaire (NEI-RQL-42) among Iranian patients with refractive errors.Materials and Methods:Two samples of patients (n1 = 296, n2 = 95) were consecutively selected from the eye clinic of the Boo-Ali Hospital, Qazvin. A forward-backward procedure was conducted to translate and cross-culturally adapt the Iranian version of the NEI-RQL-42. A homogeneity, stability, and reliability test was conducted for the first sample after a two-week interval. Convergent validity was computed using the correlation between the NEI-RQL-42 subscale scores, National Eye Institute-Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25), and the Short Form-36 (SF-36). Furthermore, Known-group analysis was performed, to determine the discriminant validity between the subgroups of patients with hyperopia, emmetropia, and myopia. Responsiveness to clinical change was tested by administering NEI-RQL-42 on the second sample that was scheduled for surgery.Results:Homogeneity was satisfactory with the Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranging between 0.70 and 0.92. The 13 subscales of the NEI-RQL-42 showed a considerable stability in intra-class-correlation (ICC) ranging between 0.70 and 0.89. Positive correlation coefficients were found among all subscales of the NEI-RQL-42 and the other quality-of-life instruments (NEI-VFQ-25 and SF-36). The NEI-VFQ-25 displayed excellent discriminant validity to differentiate the subgroups of patients, and was found to be responsive to change after the surgical correction at three months.Conclusions:The Iranian version of the NEI-RQL-42 is a valid and reliable instrument to assess refractive error correction quality-of-life in Iranian patients. Moreover this questionnaire can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in patients with refractive errors.
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| 14. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(author)
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The Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnarie (SCSORF) : A validation study of Iranian Muslim patients undergoing dialysis
- 2014
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In: Journal of religion and health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-4197 .- 1573-6571. ; 53:6, s. 1885-1897
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire (SCSORF) is an often used and validated scale that is uncommonly utilized in culturally diverse populations. The purpose of this research investigation was to adapt the SCSORF for use among Iranian Muslim patients undergoing dialysis and to examine the reliability and validity of the scale among this population. A total of 428 patients (228 females, 200 males, M age = 52.2 years, SD = 10) were selected from five dialysis center in Tehran and Qazvin, Iran. A comprehensive forward–backward translation system was used for cross-cultural translation. Patients completed a baseline questionnaire obtaining demographic and clinical information as well as the SCSORF, the Age Universal Religious Orientation Scale (AUROS), the religious life inventory (RLI), and the Duke University religion index (DUREL). 2 weeks later, patients were asked to complete the SCSORF once again. Reliability of the SCSORF was examined using internal consistency and test-rest reliability. Convergent validity and factor structure using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were also examined. Cronbach’s α for the single construct of the SCSORF was 0.89 with adequate test–retest reliability measured over a 2 week period. SCSORF scores were significantly correlated with AUROS, RLI and the DUREL. The EFA generated a single factor solution for the SCSORF while these results were confirmed by the CFA in an independent sample. Findings demonstrated that the SCSORF has favorable reliability, convergent validity, and divergent validity among Iranian Muslim patients undergoing dialysis and is recommended for use by clinicians (e.g., nephrologists) to measure strength of religious faith among patients.
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| 15. |
- Rahmati-Najarkolaei, Fatemeh, et al.
(author)
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Determinants of lifestyle behavior in Iranian adults with prediabetes : Applying the theory of planned behavior
- 2017
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In: Archives of Iranian Medicine. - : Academy of Medical Sciences of I.R. Iran. - 1029-2977 .- 1735-3947. ; 20:4, s. 198-204
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Prediabetic condition can lead to development of type 2 diabetes, especially in individuals who do not adhere to a healthy lifestyle. The aim of the present study was to investigate the socio-cognitive factors using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) that may be associated with the choice of lifestyle in prediabetic patients. METHODS: A prospective study with one-month follow up was designed to collect data from 350 individuals with prediabetic conditions. A questionnaire was used to collect the information, including demographic variables, exercise behavior, food consumption, as well as the constructs of the TPB (attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention) regarding physical activity and dietary choice. The correlations between TPB variables and the dependent variables (dietary choice, physical activity) were assessed using Spearman correlation and multiple regression models. RESULT: In total, 303 people participated. The mean age of the participants was 53.0 (SD 11.5) years and 42% were males. Significant correlations were found between all TPB constructs and both dependent variables (healthy eating and exercise behaviors) both at baseline and after one month (P < 0.01). The predictive validity of the TPB over time was proved for both dependent variables where past and future behaviors were significantly correlated with the constructs. Nearly 87% of the variance in exercise behavior and 72% of the variance in healthy eating behavior were explainable by TPB constructs. CONCLUSION: The TPB may be a useful model to predict behaviors of physical activity and dietary choice among prediabetic people. Therefore, it may be used to monitor lifestyle modification to prevent development of diabetes among people with prediabetic conditions.
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| 16. |
- Saffari, Mohsen, et al.
(author)
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A Persian adaptation of medication adherence Self-Efficacy Scale (MASES) in hypertensive patients : Psychometric properties and factor structure
- 2015
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In: High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention. - : Springer. - 1120-9879 .- 1179-1985. ; 22:3, s. 247-255
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Poor adherence to anti-hypertensive treatment significantly contributes to the failure to achieve well-controlled blood pressure in patients with hypertension.AIM: To convert the original English version of Medication Adherence Self-efficacy Scale (MASES) into a Persian version for clinical application in hypertensive patients.METHODS: The backward-forward translation method was used to produce the Persian version of the questionnaire. Then the internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Exploratory Factor Analysis was applied to extract the components of the questionnaire. Correlation between blood pressures and drug adherence was then determined using the Persian MASES in hypertensive patients.RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the Persian version of MASES was >0.92, suggesting that it can yield consistent results. Exploratory Factor Analysis suggested an uni-dimensionality of the scale. Patients with uncontrolled hypertension showed poor adherence to hypertensive medications, therefore had significant lower self-efficacy scores than those with well-controlled blood pressure by medications.CONCLUSION: The Persian version of MASES is valid and reliable to assess self-efficacy of antihypertensive medication adherence in hypertensive patient, which is helpful to improve medication compliance in such patients in order to achieve better blood pressure controls.
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| 17. |
- Saffari, Mohsen, et al.
(author)
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A Persian version of the Affiliate Stigma Scale in caregivers of people with dementia
- 2019
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In: Health Promotion Perspectives. - : Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. - 2228-6497. ; 9:1, s. 31-39
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background:Dementia is prevalent among older adults and frequently causes dependence on family caregivers. Caregivers may experience a form of stigmatization called affiliate stigma that negatively affects their mental health. The current study sought to establish the psychometric properties of a tool to measure affiliate stigma among Iranian caregivers.Methods:Overall, 541 caregivers of older people with dementia were included in this cross-sectional study. Several measures were used to assess the psychometric properties of the Affiliate Stigma Scale (ASS) including the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Short Form 12 (SF-12), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Convergent and discriminate validity were examined. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were utilized to assess the factor structure of the ASS and a Rasch model was used to evaluate the measurement functioning of the scale.Results:Factor loadings ranged from 0.69 to 0.83 and test-retest reliability from 0.72 to 0.89. Item difficulty ranged widely from -0.66 to 0.89. No considerable differential item functioning (DIF) was found across gender. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the three cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions of the scale (comparative fit index [CFI]=0.931 to 0.995, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA]=0.046 to 0.068). Internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.88 to 0.94). Significant and positive relationships were found between affiliate stigma and depression, anxiety, and caregiving burden (beta = 0.35 to 0.46).Conclusion:The ASS is a psychometrically valid measure for assessing affiliate stigma in Iranian caregivers of people with dementia. Application of this tool among other caregivers, languages and cultures deserves further study.
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| 18. |
- Saffari, Mohsen, et al.
(author)
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A theory of planned behavior-based intervention to improve quality of life in patients with knee/hip osteoarthritis : a randomized controlled trial
- 2018
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In: Clinical Rheumatology. - : Springer. - 0770-3198 .- 1434-9949. ; 37:9, s. 2505-2515
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic disorder among elderly people that affects joints such as the knee and hip in particular. The objective of the current study was to examine the efficacy of an intervention based on a theory of planned behavior (TPB) in improving health-related quality of life in middle-age and older adults with this condition. One hundred twenty patients diagnosed with knee/hip OA were recruited from a general hospital. Measures administered at baseline were the SF-12, EuroQol (EQ-5D), Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life (OAKHQoL), and TPB questionnaire. Also assessed were body mass index (BMI), Kellgren-Lawrence Scale, six-minute walk test (SMWT), muscle strength, range of motion (ROM), and joint tenderness and swelling. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention (n = 60) or the control group (n = 60). The intervention group received an educational program based on TPB that was administered over 1 month. The control group did not receive this treatment. Three months after the intervention, both groups were reevaluated and comparisons made. Compared to the no-treatment control group, those in the intervention group scored higher on HRQoL, both general and specific, at 3-month follow-up (p < 0.01). The only exception was the vitality domain. Significant differences were also found on the TPB questionnaire, the SMWT, and muscle strength in the expected direction (p < 0.05). While those in the intervention group improved significantly on all clinical measures from pre-test to post-test, those in the control group showed improvement only on BMI and joint tenderness. This TPB-based intervention was found to be efficacious in improving HRQoL and several clinical parameters in patients with knee/hip OA. Studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of this intervention in patients with other chronic medical conditions.
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| 19. |
- Saffari, Mohsen, et al.
(author)
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An Education-Based Text Messaging Program to Improve Nurses' Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Related to Nosocomial Infections in Intensive Care Settings
- 2019
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In: Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing. - : Slack. - 0022-0124 .- 1938-2472. ; 50:5, s. 211-217
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Nosocomial infection (NI) is common in health care settings. Educational strategies such as mobile teaching methods for health care providers may help to resolve this problem. This pilot study assessed the influence of a text messaging program to improve intensive care unit nurses' knowledge, attitude, and practice related to NI prevention.METHOD: In this single-group experimental study, 32 nurses received an educational intervention via short text messages on their cell phones. Information on knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding NI prevention was collected using a standard scale. Preventive messages about NI were prepared and sent to participants during a 2-month trial. Results were assessed 2 weeks after the intervention, and data were analyzed by paired t test.RESULTS: Knowledge, attitude, and practice of participants increased by 17%, 3%, and 9%, respectively, from baseline to follow up. The average score on the knowledge dimension was lower than for other components. Knowledge components such as hand hygiene, work safety, and protective equipment increased to a lesser degree from pre- to posttest, compared with other aspects (p < .05 versus p < .001).CONCLUSION: An education-based program operating through short text messages may be a useful in-service training strategy for intensive care unit nurses.
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| 20. |
- Saffari, M., et al.
(author)
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Determinants of health-related quality of life in Iranian patients after recovery from COVID-19 : Demographic influences and insomnia
- 2022
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In: International Journal of Public Health Science. - : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama. - 2252-8806 .- 2620-4126. ; 11:1, s. 220-231
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The current study sought to identify factors that may affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients recovering from COVID-19 infection in Iran. In a cross-sectional study 258 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, participants completed a questionnaire approximately one month after hospital discharge when demographic and clinical factors (including insomnia) and HRQoL were assessed. A logistic regression was used. Age, gender, marital status, education, having child, early physician visit, early diagnosis, early hospitalization, symptom type, Rhesus factor, and level of insomnia were associated with various components of HRQoL (p<0.05). In multivariate analyses, poorer physical HRQoL was independently associated with female gender (OR=4.53; 95% CI=2.22-2.29), initial symptom of cough (OR=2.73; 95% CI=1.26-5.94), and insomnia (OR=2.74; 95% CI=1.22-6.14). Poorer mental HRQoL was associated with being age 40 years or older (OR=1.90; 95% CI=1.02-3.54), female gender (OR=2.48; 95% CI=1.26-4.88), initial symptom being cough (OR=3.12; 95% CI=1.46-6.68), and insomnia (sub-threshold insomnia, OR=3.19; 95% CI, 1.51-6.74, to severe insomnia, OR=3.86; 95% CI=1.35-11.07). Healthcare professionals should be aware that older people, female gender, those with initial symptom of cough, and insomnia may be at greater risk for poor quality of life following hospital discharge.
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| 21. |
- Saffari, M., et al.
(author)
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Educational Intervention Based on the Health Belief Model to Modify Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Police Officers in Iran : A Quasi-experimental Study
- 2020
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In: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. - : Korean Society for Preventive Medicine. - 1975-8375 .- 2233-4521. ; 53:4, s. 275-284
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Police officers may be at a greater risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the general population due to their highstress occupation. This study evaluated how an educational program based on the health belief model (HBM) may protect police officers from developing CVD. METHODS: In this single-group experimental study, 58 police officers in Iran participated in a 5-week intervention based on HBM principles. Outcomes included changes in scores on an HBM scale, time spent on moderate to vigorous physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), body mass index (BMI), blood lipid profile, blood glucose, and blood pressure. The intervention consisted of 5 HBM-based educational sessions. Follow-up was conducted at 3 months post-intervention. The paired t-test was used to examine differences between baseline and follow-up scores. RESULTS: All aspects of the HBM scale improved between baseline and follow-up (p<0.05), except the cues to action subscale. Self-efficacy and preventive behaviors improved the most. BMI decreased from 26.7±2.9 kg/m2 at baseline to 25.8±2.4 kg/m2 at follow-up. All components of the lipid profile, including triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein, showed significant improvements post-intervention. Blood glucose and blood pressure also decreased, but not significantly. Nearly 25% of participants who were not physically active at baseline increased their physical activity above or beyond the healthy threshold. CONCLUSIONS: A relatively brief educational intervention based on HBM principles led to a significant improvement in CVD risk factors among police officers. Further research is needed to corroborate the effectiveness of this intervention.
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| 22. |
- Saffari, Mohsen, et al.
(author)
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Factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding among Iranian mothers : A longitudinal population-based study
- 2017
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In: Health Promotion Perspectives. - : Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. - 2228-6497. ; 7:1, s. 34-41
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) contributes to the health and survival of the newborns. Many factors influence the EBF behavior. This study aimed to identify the determinant factors in order to improve the practice of EBF among Iranian mothers.Methods: A longitudinal study was carried out in 1445 mothers with newborns in Qazvin city, Iran (September 2015-March 2016). Demographic variables as well as the constructs of theory of planned behavior (TBP) were measured by questionnaires. Bivariate analysis using Pearson and Spearman correlation tests with analysis of variance were used to investigate the associations among the variables. Both hierarchal multiple regression and logistic regression were applied to identify potential determinative factors for the EBF.Results: Nearly, 80% (CI: 77.97-82.63%) of the participants had the intention of EBF. All TPB constructs, moral norms, and self-identity were significantly correlated with each other (r: 0.09-0.40, P < 0.01). Some demographic variables such as age, income, employment and primiparity were also correlated with the EBF (r: 0.11-0.15, P < 0.05). The constructs of the TPB were able to predict the EBF behavior, which account for 49% of the variance in the predicting factors (df = 8, F = 7.70). The self-identity and moral norms accounted for an additional 15% of the variance (df = 10, F = 3.16). Younger mothers with lower socio-economic status were at higher risk of EBF cessation. The intention has a greater impact on the initiation of EBF than perceived behavioral control (PBC) but not for the maintenance of EBF (OR, 2.88 [CI: 2.38-3.48] & 1.13 [CI: 1.03-1.23] vs. OR, 1.27 [CI: 1.15-1.39] & 2.66 [CI: 2.02-3.49]).Conclusion: The interventions to promote knowledge, attitude and behavioral control towards the EBF should be considered especially in the young mothers with low socio-economic status.
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| 23. |
- Saffari, Mohsen, et al.
(author)
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Investigating sexual problems, psychological distress and quality of life in female patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy : A prospective case-control study
- 2017
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In: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Sage Publications. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 16:7, s. 614-622
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TSCM) has detrimental effects on both physical and psychological health of sufferers. However, little is known whether TSCM also affects sexual functioning in female patients.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate psychological distress (depression and anxiety), health-related quality of life, and sexual functioning in women with TSCM and compare them with women with acute myocardial infarction and with healthy controls.Methods: A three group prospective case-control design was used. Female patients with TSCM or acute myocardial infarction, as well as healthy controls (94 in each group), were recruited across eight Iranian university hospitals. Data were collected at baseline and after six and 18 months using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Short Form-12, the Female Sexual Function Index and the Female Sexual Distress Scale. Multilevel logistic regression was conducted.Results: The TSCM group showed worst sexual functioning and the highest level of anxiety and depression at baseline (p<0.01) compared with the two other groups. The TSCM and AMI groups showed comparable health-related quality of life at baseline, which was lower in both groups compared with the healthy controls (p<0.01). Overall, depression, anxiety and health-related quality of life showed a significant change over time, especially in the TSCM group, with health-related quality of life decreasing, while anxiety and depression were increasing. Compared with the acute myocardial infarction and healthy control groups, the TSCM group showed a higher prevalence of sexual problems (odds ratios = 3.10 and 2.28, respectively) across time. Moreover, sexual functioning was found to be a mediator between anxiety and health-related quality of life in the TSCM group.Conclusion: Depression, anxiety, health-related quality of life, and sexual dysfunction tend to increase over time in female patients with TSCM; thus, healthcare providers should pay attention to these problems and provide appropriate treatment where necessary.
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| 24. |
- Saffari, M., et al.
(author)
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Is there an association between health related quality of life, socio-demographic status and fatigue in patients with chronic hepatitis B?
- 2017
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In: Acta Gastro-Enterologica Belgica. - : Universa Press. - 0001-5644. ; 80:2, s. 229-236
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a serious and prevalent disease which may negatively influence health related quality of life (HRQOL) and fatigue. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between demographic variables, HRQOL, and fatigue.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 418 Iranian patients with CHB (average age 44.1 years, majority males). Participants completed a multidimensional fatigue inventory, chronic liver disease questionnaire, Euro quality of life-five dimensions questionnaire, and demographic information. Bivariate analyses were conducted using the Spearman correlation and Mann-Whitney U test. Hierarchical logistic regression modeling identified independent predictors of fatigue.Results: The most prevalent problems related to HRQOL were anxiety/depression and pain/discomfort. Except for reduced motivation other dimensions of fatigue were significantly higher among those with CHB compared to healthy controls (p<0.05). Age, sex, education, employment, disease stage and all HRQOL subscales were significantly related to fatigue level. The Nagelkerke R Square for the logistic regression model was 0.542.Conclusions: Poor HRQOL and fatigue are widespread among patients with CHB. Given these associations between demographic, psychological, and other HRQOL dimensions and fatigue, interventions that address these factors may help to reduce fatigue in patients with CHB.
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| 25. |
- Saffari, Mohsen, et al.
(author)
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Mediating effect of spiritual coping strategies and family stigma stress on caregiving burden and mental health in caregivers of persons with dementia.
- 2018
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In: Dementia. - : SAGE Publications. - 1471-3012 .- 1741-2684.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background A considerable number of the persons living with dementia rely on family members for care and assistance when performing activities of daily living. As a result, caregivers may be at increased risk for mental health problems such as depression, anxiety and caregiver burden. This study examined if and how spiritual coping and stigma-related family stress impacted the associations between the patient activities of daily living impairment and caregiver mental health.Methods Using a longitudinal design, 664 caregivers were assessed at baseline for spiritual coping strategies and family stigma stress, along with patients' instrumental activities of daily living and cognitive functioning. After 12 months, caregivers were assessed for depressive and anxiety symptoms, caregiver burden, and quality of life (physical and mental). Sequential mediation of spiritual coping strategies and stigma-related family stress on the relationship between patient instrumental activities of daily living and caregiver mental health outcomes was examined using the PROCESS macro statistical method.Results Participants had been caring for someone with dementia for an average of 46.4 (SD, 16.9) months and 63% of caregivers were female. There were significant indirect associations between patient instrumental activities of daily living and caregiver anxiety, depression, caregiving burden, and the mental health component of quality of life. Spiritual coping and stigma-related stress mediated these associations (-0.54Conclusions Spiritual coping and stigma-related stress appear to mediate the relationship between the patient instrumental activities of daily living impairment and caregiver psychological health. These factors should be considered when addressing mental health problems experienced by caregivers.
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| 26. |
- Saffari, Mohsen, et al.
(author)
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Psychometric properties of Persian Diabetes-Mellitus Specific Quality of Life (DMQoL) questionnaire in a population-based sample of Iranians
- 2019
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In: International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries. - : Springer. - 0973-3930 .- 1998-3832. ; 39:1, s. 218-227
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients with diabetes mellitus is often poorer than in those with other chronic medical conditions. Appropriate disease specific measures are needed to measure HRQoL in these patients. This study sought to validate a culturally adapted version of the Diabetes-Mellitus Specific Quality of Life (DMQoL) questionnaire module in Persian. Concurrent validity of the scale was assessed by the Diabetes Quality of Life (DQOL) questionnaire. Convergent and discriminative validity of the DMQoL was determined using a brief version of World Health Organization’s Quality of Life Scale Brief version (WHOQOL-BREF), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales (HADS), and Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS). Construct validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis. Rasch analysis was also performed to examine the unidimensionality of the DMQoL. Known-group method was used to examine the ability of the scale to differentiate between different categories of patients. A sample of 824 patients (512 females) with diabetes mellitus was recruited from diabetic care centers located in Qazvin, Iran. The mean age of participants was 54.1 (SD 6.3) and 27% were smokers. All items loaded on a single factor (factor loadings ≥ 0.6) and internal consistency of the scale was acceptable (α = 0.89). Significant associations were found between the scale and DQOL, indicating concurrent validity (p < 0.001). The DMQoL was able to differentiate subgroups of patients with hypertension, HbA1c, cholesterol, and diabetic diet. All items were appropriate with regard to difficulty level and confirmatory factor analysis verified the scale’s single dimension (CFI = 0.927; RMSEA = 0.067). Persian DMQoL is a reliable and valid measure of HRQoL in a Persian-speaking population with type II diabetes. Further assessment is needed to confirm the psychometric properties of the scale in other cultures and languages. Future studies are needed to determine the sensitivity of the scale to change over time in response to treatment.
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| 27. |
- Saffari, Mohsen, et al.
(author)
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The role of religious coping and social support on medication adherence and quality of life among the elderly with type 2 diabetes
- 2019
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In: Quality of Life Research. - : Springer. - 0962-9343 .- 1573-2649. ; 28:8, s. 2183-2193
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: Type 2 diabetes is a major public health issue particularly in the elderly. Religion may affect the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in such patients, mediated by factors such as religious coping and social support. This study aimed to investigate the impact of religiosity on medication adherence and HRQoL.METHODS: 793 adults (> 65 years old, 45% females) were recruited from 4 diabetes care centers and followed for 1 year. Duke University Religion Index, Spiritual Coping Strategies, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support, Medication Adherence Report Scale, WHOQOL-BREF and Diabetes-specific Quality of Life Questionnaire Module were used for assessment, as well as HbA1c and fasting blood glucose level. Using structural equation modeling, the potential paths were tested between religiosity, medication adherence and HRQoL; social support, religious coping and medication adherence served as the mediators.RESULTS: Religious coping and social support were recognized as the significant mediators between religiosity and medication adherence (CFI = 0.983, TLI = 0.985, and RMSEA = 0.021). The relationships between religiosity and HRQoL were considerably mediated by social support, religious coping and medication adherence and these variables explained 12% and 33% of variances of generic and specific HRQoL, respectively. There was no significant direct effect of religiosity on HRQoL. HbA1c and fasting blood glucose level were successfully loaded on the latent construct of medication adherence (factor loading = 0.51 and 0.44, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: The impact of religiosity on medication adherence and HRQoL occurs through the mediators such as religious coping and social support. Therefore, to improve the adherence to treatment and quality of life, interventions may be designed based on these mediators.
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| 28. |
- Saffari, Mohsen, et al.
(author)
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Validation of the Persian version of the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES) in Pregnant Women : A Proper Tool to Assess Spirituality Related to Mental Health
- 2017
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In: Journal of religion and health. - : Springer. - 0022-4197 .- 1573-6571. ; 56:6, s. 2222-2236
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Assessing spirituality in healthy pregnant women may lead to supportive interventions that will improve their care. A psychometrically valid measure such as the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES) may be helpful in this regard. The current study sought to adapt a Persian version of DSES for use in pregnancy. A total of 377 pregnant women were recruited from three general hospitals located in Tehran, Iran. Administered scales were the DSES, Duke University Religion Index, Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, as well as demographic measures. Reliability of the DSES was tested using Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for test–retest stability. Scale validity was assessed by criterion-related tests, known-groups comparison, and exploratory factor analysis. Participant’s mean age was 27.7 (4.1), and most were nulliparous (70%). The correlation coefficient between individual items on the scale and the total score was greater than 0.30 in most cases. Cronbach’s alpha for the scale was 0.90. The ICC for 2-week test–retest reliability was high (0.86). Relationships between similar and dissimilar scales indicated acceptable convergent and divergent validity. The factor structure of the scale indicated a single factor that explained 59% of the variance. The DSES was found to be a reliable and valid measure of spirituality in pregnant Iranian women. This scale may be used to examine the relationship between spirituality and health outcomes, research that may lead to supportive interventions in this population.
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| 29. |
- Sanaeinasab, Hormoz, et al.
(author)
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A theory of planned behavior-based program to increase physical activity in overweight/obese military personnel : A randomised controlled trial
- 2020
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In: Applied Psychology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1758-0846 .- 1758-0854. ; 12:1, s. 101-124
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Designing a health promotion program to increase physical activity may contribute to weight management. The purpose of this study was to investigate a theory of planned behavior (TPB) program to address this problem in military people.Methods: Eighty-four obese/overweight military personnel were randomised into the intervention or control group. A questionnaire assessed demographics, aspects of the TPB program, and physical activity levels. Also assessed were blood glucose and lipid levels. The intervention consisted of seven educational sessions based on TPB. Data were collected at baseline and 3 months after the intervention.Results: All constructs of the TPB improved between baseline and follow-up in the intervention group (p <.001), while there were no significant changes in the control group (within-group comparisons). Between-group comparisons on TPB measures revealed differences in all domains when results were controlled for baseline covariates. Greater light and moderate physical activity was observed in the intervention group. Body mass index decreased significantly within the intervention group (p <.001). Changes in triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein also favored the intervention over the control group.Conclusion: An intervention based on the TPB may be effective in promoting physical activity and decreasing weight in military personnel who are obese or overweight.
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| 30. |
- Sanaeinasab, H., et al.
(author)
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Development and Psychometric Assessment of the COVID-19 Health Literacy Scale : Preliminary Testing and Factor Structure
- 2022
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In: Journal of Health Literacy. - : Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. - 2476-4728. ; 6:4, s. 32-46
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and Objective: Improving the health literacy in the different populations regarding COVID-19 may be useful in the control of its prevalence. This study examined the psychometric properties of a newly developed disease-specific measure of health literacy related to COVID-19 to be used as a standard measure. Materials and Methods: Relevant literature was reviewed to identify an item pool, and an expert panel was convened to choose items that might be included in the scale. Content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) was determined and face validity was examined by calculating the impact score in a group of social media users. The factor structure of the initial scale was examined in 590 Iranian individuals participating in online social networks in September 2020. Internal consistency of the scale was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability of responses was measured by Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: A five-factor solution for the 51-items scale was obtained through exploratory factor analysis. The five main dimensions were understanding, communication, information seeking, analysis, and behavior. The dimensions explained 47% of the variance in scale scores. Participants whose scores fell in the high category (27%) were significantly different compared to those whose scores fell in the low category (27%) on all dimensions (p<0.001). The CVR values for all items were greater than 0.85 and all items also got CVI values higher than 0.79 based on nine-person expert panel. The Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale was 0.89, and it was ranged from 0.71 to 0.90. Test-retest reliability for the scale was high (r=0.89). Conclusion: Health Literacy Scale for protect against COVID-19is a valid and reliable measure for Iranian population. This measure should be translated, and administered, in other settings to replicate the results obtained here.
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| 31. |
- Sanaeinasab, H., et al.
(author)
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Effects of a health education program to promote healthy lifestyle and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes : A randomized controlled trial
- 2021
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In: Primary Care Diabetes. - : Elsevier. - 1751-9918 .- 1878-0210. ; 15:2, s. 275-282
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common chronic disease with an increase in prevalence within developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of a structured educational program for improving lifestyle and health-related measures in Iranians with T2DM. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 80 participants with T2DM who were randomly assigned to either the intervention or a control group. A demographic questionnaire along with the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II and related laboratory tests were used to assess the efficacy of the program. The intervention consisted of six educational sessions held over 45 days. The control group received routine diabetic care at the clinic. Three months after the intervention, participants completed the measures again. Within-group and between-group comparisons were then made. Results: All subscales of lifestyle measure improved in the intervention group, whereas only the nutrition domain improved in the control group. After adjusting for baseline differences, physical activity and nutrition domains showed the greatest improvement in the intervention group compared to controls. All clinical measures were also significantly improved within intervention group from baseline to follow-up (p < 0.001), whereas HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, HDL, triglyceride, cholesterol, and weight also changed significantly in the control group. The frequency of HbA1c < 7% was increased from 27.5% at baseline to 37.5% at follow-up (10%) in the intervention group compared to only a 5% increase in the control group. Conclusion: This educational health program significantly improved lifestyle changes and health-related clinical characteristics in persons with T2DM, compared to routine diabetic care in Iran. Further research is needed to better understand the usefulness of such programs in diabetics and other medical conditions among those in different cultural settings.
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