| 1. |
- Salomonsson, S., et al.
(author)
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A Population-based Investigation of the Autoantibody Profile in Mothers of Children with Atrioventricular Block
- 2011
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0300-9475 .- 1365-3083. ; 74:5, s. 511-517
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective of the study was to investigate the antigen specificity and occurrence of individual autoantibodies in mothers of children diagnosed with atrioventricular (AV) block in a nation-wide setting. Patients with AV block detected before 15 years of age were identified using national quality registries as well as a network of pediatric and adult cardiologists and rheumatologists at the six university hospitals in Sweden. Patients with gross heart malformations, surgically or infectiously induced blocks were excluded. Blood samples were obtained from the mothers and maternal autoantibody profile, including the occurrence of antibodies against Ro52, Ro60, La, SmB, SmD, RNP-70k, RNP-A, RNP-C, CENP-C, Scl-70, Jo-1, ribosomal RNP and histones was investigated in 193 mothers of children with AV block by immunoblotting and ELISA. Autoantibody reactivity was detected in 48% (93/193) of the mothers of children with AV block. In autoantibody-positive mothers, the vast majority, 95% (88/93), had antibodies against Ro52, while 63% (59/93) had autoantibodies to Ro60 and 58% (54/93) had autoantibodies to La. In addition, 13% (12/93) of the autoantibody-positive mothers had antibodies to other investigated antigens besides Ro52, Ro60 and La, and of these anti-histone antibodies were most commonly represented, detected in 8% (7/93) of the mothers. In conclusion, this Swedish population-based study confirms that maternal autoantibodies may associate with heart block in the child. Further, our data demonstrate a dominant role of Ro52 antibodies in association with AV block.
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| 2. |
- Björn, Camilla, et al.
(author)
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Efficacy and safety profile of the novel antimicrobial peptide PXL150 in a mouse model of infected burn wounds
- 2015
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In: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-8579 .- 1872-7913. ; 45:5, s. 519-524
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The urgent need to develop novel antimicrobial therapies has stimulated interest in antimicrobial peptides as therapeutic candidates for the treatment of infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-infectious effect of the synthetic antimicrobial peptide PXL150, formulated in hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) gel, on Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro and in an in vivo mouse model of infected burn wounds as well as to assess the in vivo safety profile of PXL150 in rats and rabbits. Minimal microbicidal concentration analysis showed prominent efficacy of PXL150 against P. aeruginosa in vitro, which was further enhanced in formulating the peptide in HPC gel. Application of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg/g PXL150 in HPC gel twice daily for four consecutive days significantly reduced bacterial counts in the burn wounds compared with non-treated or placebo-treated controls. Continuous bioluminescence measurements of the bacteria revealed a pronounced anti-infective effect already at the first day post infection by PXL150 in concentrations of >= 2.5 mg/g. In the non-clinical safety studies, PXL150 showed a favourable safety profile following repeated administration systemically and locally in rats and rabbits, respectively. In conclusion, these data support that PXL150 has the potential to be an effective and safe drug candidate for the treatment of infected burn wounds. The findings encourage the progression of PXL150 as a novel topical treatment of microbial infections.
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| 3. |
- Streubel, K., et al.
(author)
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Novel technologies for 1.55-mu m vertical cavity lasers
- 2000
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In: Optical Engineering. - : SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng. - 0091-3286 .- 1560-2303. ; 39:2, s. 488-497
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on three novel vertical-cavity laser (VCL) structures for 1.55-mu m operation. Two of the structures utilize an n-type GalnAsP/InP Bragg mirror combined with an Al(Ga)As/GaAs mirror using either wafer fusion or metamorphic epitaxial growth. The third employs two wafer-fused AlGaAs/GaAs mirrors, in which lateral current confinement is obtained by localized fusion of the p mirror. Ali three VCLs use strained GalnAsP quantum welts as active material and achieve continuous-wave (cw) operation at room temperature or above. The single fused VCL operates up to 17 and 101 degrees C in continuous-wave and pulsed mode, respectively. The monolithic VCL-structure with a metamorphic GaAs/AlAs n-type mirror uses a reverse-biased tunnel junction for current injection. This laser achieves record high output power (1 mW) at room temperature and operates cw up to 45 degrees C. The double fused VCLs with a 10x10-mu m(2) active area operate cw up to 30 degrees C with threshold current as low as 2.5 mA and series resistance of 30 Omega. The emission spectra exhibit a single lasing mode polarized with 30-dB extinction ratio and a spectral linewidth of 150 MHz.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Baranzahi, Amir, et al.
(author)
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Response of metal-oxide-silicon carbide sensors to simulated and real exhaust gases
- 1997
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In: Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical. - : Elsevier. - 0925-4005 .- 1873-3077. ; 43:1-3, s. 52-59
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Field effect devices based on catalytic metal-oxide-silicon carbide (MOSiC) structures can be used as high temperature gas sensors. The devices are sensitive to hydrocarbons and hydrogen and can be operated up to at least 900 degrees C, which make them suitable for several combustion applications, Simulated and real exhaust gases from a car engine have been studied at sensor temperatures from 200 to 650 degrees C, and it was round that the sensor signal is high for excess hydrocarbon and low for excess oxygen. The response time is less than 100 ms and only a small degradation of the devices was observed after several days of operation. The devices also react to changes of the gas composition In the fuel-rich and fuel-lean region. The devices show an interesting temperature dependence in the fuel rich region.
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| 8. |
- DETTMER, Anne, et al.
(author)
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The Choice of Antibiotic Prophylaxis Influences the Infection Reoperation Rate in Primary Shoulder Arthroplasty : Analysis From the Swedish Shoulder Arthroplasty Register
- 2023
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In: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0009-921X .- 1528-1132. ; 481:4, s. 728-734
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic joint infection is a serious complication and a major reason for revision surgery after primary shoulder arthroplasty. The prophylactic antibiotics for primary shoulder arthroplasty that have predominantly been used in Sweden are cloxacillin and clindamycin. To address Cutibacteriumacnes, benzylpenicillin has recently increasingly been added to cloxacillin, but it is unclear which antibiotic prophylaxis regimen is the most effective to prevent periprosthetic joint infection.QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: After controlling for baseline differences among patients such as age, gender, previous surgery, cement fixation, and arthroplasty type, was the risk of reoperation for infection higher in patients who received cloxacillin than in those who received clindamycin or the combination of benzylpenicillin and cloxacillin?METHODS: Data from the Swedish Shoulder Arthroplasty Register were used for this study. The inclusion criterion was registered antibiotic prophylaxis in primary arthroplasty. Between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2019, 22,470 primary shoulder arthroplasties, including total shoulder, hemiarthroplasty, and reverse shoulder arthroplasties, were entered into the Swedish Shoulder Arthroplasty Register. Reporting of antibiotic prophylaxis to the register was introduced on January 1, 2013. Since then, the completeness of information on the type of antibiotic prophylaxis in the reports has been 85.3%. Consequently, 10,706 arthroplasties were eligible and fulfilled the inclusion criterion of reported antibiotic prophylaxis. A further 129 were excluded because of unusual prophylaxis regimens, leaving 10,577 shoulder arthroplasties for analysis. The Swedish Shoulder Arthroplasty Register gathers information from all 60 hospitals performing shoulder arthroplasty in Sweden, and through a comparison with the National Patient Register, it has been estimated that more than 90% of all primary shoulder arthroplasties and shoulder reoperations are reported to the register. The age of the study population ranged between 16 and 98 years; the mean age at the primary surgery was 70 ± 10 years for the entire cohort, with a mean age of 67 ± 10 years and 72 ± 9 years for men and women, respectively. The mean observation period was 989 ± 669 days. From 2013 to 2019, there was a clear change in prophylaxis; in particular, the use of the combination of benzylpenicillin and cloxacillin increased dramatically and the use of cloxacillin alone decreased. Clindamycin prophylaxis increased moderately. The primary study endpoint was reported reoperation for infection. In the register, this is defined as repeat procedures of any kind, including biopsy, lavage of the joint, or revision, defined as secondary surgery in which a component was exchanged, removed, or added. To compare the reoperation rate in relation to the different antibiotics used, which changed over time, we controlled for age, gender, previous surgery, cement fixation, and arthroplasty type using a Cox proportional hazards model.RESULTS: When adjusting for age, gender, previous surgery, cement fixation, and arthroplasty type, cloxacillin prophylaxis was associated with an increased relative risk of reoperation for infection compared with the combination of cloxacillin and benzylpenicillin (hazard ratio [HR] 2.40 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35 to 4.25]; p = 0.003) and compared with clindamycin alone (HR 1.78 [95% CI 1.11 to 2.85]; p = 0.02). No difference was found between the cloxacillin and benzylpenicillin combination and clindamycin (HR 0.74 [95% CI 0.42 to 1.32]; p = 0.31).CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that prophylaxis against C. acnes may be warranted in shoulder arthroplasty. Because the absolute number of infections was low and infections could have been underreported to the register, our results should be interpreted with caution. There is no available information about the causative microorganisms. The study lays the groundwork for further investigations of antibiotic prophylaxis regimens in shoulder arthroplasty. Because large randomized controlled trials would be impractical to perform, prospective register-based randomized controlled studies might be a viable method.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level Ⅲ, therapeutic study.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Ghasemi, Rohollah, 1983-, et al.
(author)
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Abrasion resistance of lamellar graphite iron : Interaction between microstructure and abrasive particles
- 2018
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In: Tribology International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-679X .- 1879-2464. ; 120, s. 465-475
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study focuses on abrasion resistance of Lamellar Graphite Iron (LGI) using microscratch test under constant and progressive load conditions. The interactions between a semi-spherical abrasive particle, cast iron matrix and graphite lamellas were physically simulated using a sphero-conical indenter. The produced scratches were analysed using LOM and SEM to scrutinise the effect of normal load on resulting scratch depth, width, frictional force, friction coefficient and deformation mechanism of matrix during scratching. Results showed a significant matrix deformation, and change both in frictional force and friction coefficient by increase of scratch load. Furthermore, it was shown how abrasive particles might produce deep scratches with severe matrix deformation which could result in graphite lamella's coverage and thereby deteriorate LGI's abrasion resistance.
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| 13. |
- Kaiser, M., et al.
(author)
-
VEDLIoT: Very Efficient Deep Learning in IoT
- 2022
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In: Proceedings of the 2022 Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition, DATE 2022. - : IEEE. - 9783981926361
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The VEDLIoT project targets the development of energy-efficient Deep Learning for distributed AIoT applications. A holistic approach is used to optimize algorithms while also dealing with safety and security challenges. The approach is based on a modular and scalable cognitive IoT hardware platform. Using modular microserver technology enables the user to configure the hardware to satisfy a wide range of applications. VEDLIoT offers a complete design flow for Next-Generation IoT devices required for collaboratively solving complex Deep Learning applications across distributed systems. The methods are tested on various use-cases ranging from Smart Home to Automotive and Industrial IoT appliances. VEDLIoT is an H2020 EU project which started in November 2020. It is currently in an intermediate stage with the first results available.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Kasvayee, Keivan Amiri, 1986-, et al.
(author)
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Microstructural strain distribution in ductile iron; Comparison between finite element simulation and digital image correlation measurements
- 2015
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper presents a study on micro-scale deformation and the effect of microstructure on localised deformation of ductile iron, utilizing in-situ tension testing, digital image correlation (DIC) and finite element analysis (FEA). A tensile stage integrated with an optical microscope was used to acquire a series of micrographs during the tensile test. Applying DIC and an etched speckle pattern, a high resolution local strain field was measured in the microstructure. In addition, a finite element (FE) model was used to predict the strain maps. The materials parameters were optimized based on Ramberg-Osgood model. The DIC and simulation strain maps conformed to a large extent resulting in the verification of the model in micro-scale level. It was found that the Ramberg-Osgood theory can be used to capture the main trends of strain localization. The discrepancies between the simulated and DIC results were explained based on microstructure dimensionality, differences in spatial resolution and uncertainty in the FE-model.
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| 16. |
- Kasvayee, Keivan Amiri, et al.
(author)
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Microstructural strain distribution in ductile iron; comparison between finite element simulation and digital image correlation measurements
- 2016
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In: Materials Science & Engineering. - : Elsevier. - 0921-5093 .- 1873-4936. ; 655, s. 27-35
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents a study on microstructural deformation of a ferritic-pearlitic ductile iron, utilizing in-situ tensile testing, digital image correlation (DIC) and finite element analysis (FEA). For this purpose, the in-situ tensile test and DIC were used to measure local strain fields in the deformed microstructure. Furthermore, a continuum finite element (FE) model was used to predict the strain maps in the microstructure. Ferrite and pearlite parameters for the FE-model were optimized based on the Ramberg-Osgood relation. The DIC and simulation strain maps were compared qualitatively and quantitatively. Similar strain patterns containing shear bands in identical locations were observed in both strain maps. The average and localized strain values of the DIC and simulation conformed to a large extent. It was found that the Ramberg-Osgood model can be used to capture the main trends of strain localization. The discrepancies between the simulated and DIC results were explained based on the; (i) subsurface effect of the microstructure; (ii) differences in the strain spatial resolutions of the DIC and simulation and (iii) abrupt changes in strain prediction of the continuum FE-model in the interface of the phases due to the sudden changes in the elastic modulus. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.
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| 17. |
- Kasvayee, Keivan Amiri, 1986-, et al.
(author)
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Microstructural strain localization and crack evolution in ductile iron
- 2015
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper focuses on the deformation and crack evolution in ductile iron under tension, investigated by coupled in-situ tensile test and finite element simulation. Micro-crack initiation and development were tracked at the microstructure level. The local strain around micro-cracks were measured by using Digital Image Correlation (DIC). The results obtained from the experiments were compared to a finite element model including cohesive elements to enable crack propagation. The resulting local strains were analyzed in connection to the observed micro-crack incidents in both DIC and simulation. The predictions of the finite element model showed good agreement with those obtained from the experiment, in the case of early decohesion, the amplitude of the strain localization and macroscopic stress-strain behavior. The results revealed that decohesion was commonly initiated early around graphite surrounded by ferrite which was identified as high strain regions. By increasing the global deformation, micro-cracks initiated in these areas and propagated but were arrested within the ferrite zone due to strain hardening and stress shielding of pearlite. Both the DIC and the simulation revealed that irregular shaped graphite were more susceptible to strain localization and micro-crack initiation. It could be observed that the cohesive model was able to capture the main trends of localized plastic deformation and crack initiation
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| 18. |
- Kasvayee, Keivan Amiri, 1986-, et al.
(author)
-
Microstructural strain mapping during in-situ cyclic testing of ductile iron
- 2018
-
In: Materials Characterization. - : Elsevier. - 1044-5803 .- 1873-4189. ; 140, s. 333-339
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper focuses on local strain distribution in the microstructure of high silicon ductile iron during cyclic loading. In-situ cyclic test was performed on compact-tension (CT) samples inside the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to record the whole deformation and obtain micrographs for microstructural strain measurement by means of digital image correlation (DIC) technique. Focused ion beam (FIB) milling was used to generate speckle patterns necessary for DIC measurement. The equivalent Von Mises strain distribution was measured in the microstructure at the maximum applied load. The results revealed a heterogeneous strain distribution at the microstructural level with higher strain gradients close to the notch of the CT sample and accumulated strain bands between graphite particles. Local strain ahead of the early initiated micro-cracks was quantitatively measured, showing high strain localization, which decreased by moving away from the micro-crack tip. It could be observed that the peak of strain in the field of view was not necessarily located ahead of the micro-cracks tip which could be because of the (i) strain relaxation due to the presence of other micro-cracks and/or (ii) presence of subsurface microstructural features such as graphite particles that influenced the strain concentration on the surface.
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| 19. |
- Kasvayee, Keivan Amiri, 1986-, et al.
(author)
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Strain localization and crack formation effects on stress-strain response of ductile iron
- 2017
-
In: Materials Science & Engineering. - : Elsevier. - 0921-5093 .- 1873-4936. ; 702, s. 265-271
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The strain localization and crack formation in ferritic-pearlitic ductile iron under tension was investigated by in-situ tensile tests. In-situ tensile tests under optical microscope were performed and the onset of the early ferrite-graphite decohesions and micro-cracks inside the matrix were studied. The results revealed that early ferrite-graphite decohesion and micro-cracks inside the ferrite were formed at the stress range of 280–330 MPa, where a kink occurred in the stress-strain response, suggesting the dissipation of energy in both plastic deformation and crack initiation. Some micro-cracks initiated and propagated inside the ferrite but were arrested within the ferrite zone before propagating in the pearlite. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was used to measure local strains in the deformed micrographs obtained from the in-situ tensile test. Higher strain localization in the microstructure was measured for the areas in which the early ferrite-graphite decohesions occurred or the micro-cracks initiated. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Meisgen, S, et al.
(author)
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Auxilin is a novel susceptibility gene for congenital heart block which directly impacts fetal heart function
- 2022
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In: Annals of the rheumatic diseases. - : BMJ. - 1468-2060 .- 0003-4967. ; 81:8, s. 1151-1161
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) may develop after transplacental transfer of maternal autoantibodies with cardiac manifestations (congenital heart block, CHB) including atrioventricular block, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, and cardiomyopathies. The association with anti-Ro/SSA antibodies is well established, but a recurrence rate of only 12%–16% despite persisting maternal autoantibodies suggests that additional factors are required for CHB development. Here, we identify fetal genetic variants conferring risk of CHB and elucidate their effects on cardiac function.MethodsA genome-wide association study was performed in families with at least one case of CHB. Gene expression was analysed by microarrays, RNA sequencing and PCR and protein expression by western blot, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Calcium regulation and connectivity were analysed in primary cardiomyocytes and cells induced from pleuripotent stem cells. Fetal heart performance was analysed by Doppler/echocardiography.ResultsWe identified DNAJC6 as a novel fetal susceptibility gene, with decreased cardiac expression of DNAJC6 associated with the disease risk genotype. We further demonstrate that fetal cardiomyocytes deficient in auxilin, the protein encoded by DNAJC6, have abnormal connectivity and Ca2+ homoeostasis in culture, as well as decreased cell surface expression of the Cav1.3 calcium channel. Doppler echocardiography of auxilin-deficient fetal mice revealed cardiac NLE abnormalities in utero, including abnormal heart rhythm with atrial and ventricular ectopias, as well as a prolonged atrioventricular time intervals.ConclusionsOur study identifies auxilin as the first genetic susceptibility factor in NLE modulating cardiac function, opening new avenues for the development of screening and therapeutic strategies in CHB.
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| 26. |
- Mendez-Enriquez, Erika, et al.
(author)
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IgE cross-linking induces activation of human and mouse mast cell progenitors
- 2022
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In: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 149:4, s. 1458-1463
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The concept of innate and adaptive effector cells that are repleted by maturing inert progenitor cell populations is changing. Mast cells develop from rare mast cell progenitors populating peripheral tissues at homeostatic conditions, or as a result of induced recruitment during inflammatory conditions.Objective: Because FceRI-expressing mast cell progenitors are the dominating mast cell type during acute allergic lung inflammation in vivo, we hypothesized that they are activated by IgE cross-linking.Methods: Mouse peritoneal and human peripheral blood cells were sensitized and stimulated with antigen, or stimulated with anti-IgE, and the mast cell progenitor population analyzed for signs of activation by flow cytometry. Isolated peritoneal mast cell progenitors were studied before and after anti-IgE stimulation at single-cell level by time-lapse fluorescence microscopy. Lung mast cell progenitors were analyzed for their ability to produce IL-13 by intracellular flow cytometry in a mouse model of ovalbumin-induced allergic airway inflammation.Results: Sensitized mouse peritoneal mast cell progenitors demonstrate increased levels of phosphorylation of tyrosines on intracellular proteins (total tyrosine phosphorylation), and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) phosphorylation after antigen exposure. Anti-IgE induced cell surface-associated lysomal-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1) in naive mast cell progenitors, and prompted loss of fluorescence signal and altered morphology of isolated cells loaded with lysotracker. In human mast cell progenitors, anti-IgE increased total tyrosine phosphorylation, cell surface-associated LAMP-1, and CD63. Lung mast cell progenitors from mice with ovalbumin-induced allergic airway inflammation produce IL-13.Conclusions: Mast cell progenitors become activated by IgE cross-linking and may contribute to the pathology associated with acute allergic airway inflammation.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Ottosson, L., et al.
(author)
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Structurally derived mutations define congenital heart block-related epitopes within the 200-239 amino acid stretch of the Ro52 protein
- 2005
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0300-9475 .- 1365-3083. ; 61:2, s. 109-118
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Congenital heart block is a passively transferred autoimmune condition, which affects the children of mothers with Ro/SSA autoantibodies. During pregnancy, the antibodies are transported across the placenta and affect the fetus. We have previously demonstrated that antibodies directed to the 200-239 amino acid (aa) stretch of the Ro52 component of the Ro/SSA antigen correlate with the development of congenital heart block. In this report, we investigated the antibody-antigen interaction of this target epitope in detail at a molecular and structural level. Peptides representing aa 200-239 (p200) with structurally derived mutations were synthesized to define the epitopes recognized by two Ro52 human monoclonal antibodies, S3A8 and M4H1, isolated from patient-derived phage display libraries. Analyses by ELISA, circular dichroism and MALDI-TOF-MS demonstrate that the antibody recognition is dependent on a partly a-helical fold within the putative leucine zipper of the 200-239 aa stretch and that the two human anti-p200 monoclonal antibodies, M4H1 and S3A8, recognize different epitopic structures within the p200 peptide. In addition, we investigated the representation of each fine specificity within the sera of mothers with children born with congenital heart block, and in such sera, antibodies of the S3A8 idiotype were more commonly detected and at higher levels than M4H1-like antibodies.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Palm, Anna-Karin E., et al.
(author)
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Function and regulation of self-reactive marginal zone B cells in autoimmune arthritis
- 2015
-
In: Cellular & Molecular Immunology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1672-7681 .- 2042-0226. ; 12:4, s. 493-504
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Polyreactive innate-type B cells account for many B cells expressing self-reactivity in the periphery. Improper regulation of these B cells may be an important factor that underlies autoimmune disease. Here we have explored the influence of self-reactive innate B cells in the development of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis. We show that splenic marginal zone (MZ), but not B-1 B cells exhibit spontaneous IgM reactivity to autologous collagen II in naive mice. Upon immunization with heterologous collagen II in complete Freund's adjuvant the collagen-reactiveMZ B cells expanded rapidly, while the B-1 B cells showed a modest anti-collagen response. The MZ B cells were easily activated by toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and 9-ligands in vitro, inducing proliferation and cytokine secretion, implying that dual engagement of the B-cell receptor and TLRs may promote the immune response to self-antigen. Furthermore, collagen-primed MZ B cells showed significant antigen-presenting capacity as reflected by cognate T-cell proliferation in vitro and induction of IgG anti-collagen antibodies in vivo. MZ B cells that were deficient in complement receptors 1 and 2 demonstrated increased proliferation and cytokine production, while Fc gamma receptor IIb deficiency of the cells lead to increased cytokine production and antigen presentation. In conclusion, our data highlight self-reactive MZ B cells as initiators of the autoimmune response in CIA, where complement and Fc receptors are relevant in controlling the self-reactivity in the cells.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Robroek, Bjorn J. M., et al.
(author)
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Microclimatological consequences for plant and microbial composition in Sphagnum-dominated peatlands
- 2014
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In: Boreal environment research. - Helsinki, Finland : Finnish Environment Institute. - 1239-6095 .- 1797-2469. ; 19:3, s. 195-208
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In three Scandinavian peatlands we studied to what extent plant and microbial community compositions are governed by local-scale microhabitat, with a special interest in the effect of aspect (i.e. exposition of slopes). Despite differences in solar irradiance between the south- and north-facing slopes, maximum temperature was elevated in the south-facing slopes at the most northern site only. Pore-water nutrient concentrations were not affected by aspect, yet dissolved organic carbon concentrations were higher in the south-facing microhabitats. This was likely caused by higher vascular plant biomass. Plant and microbial community composition clearly differed among sites. In all three sites, microhabitat (i.e. prevailing water-table depth) affected the plant and microbial community compositions. Aspect, however, did not affect community composition, even though microclimate significantly differed between the south- and the north-facing aspects at the northernmost site. Our results highlight the complex link between plant community composition, microbial community and environmental conditions, which deserves much more attention than currently in order to fully understand the effects of climate change on peatland ecosystem function.
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| 34. |
- Sagalowicz, L., et al.
(author)
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Defects, structure, and chemistry of InP-GaAs interfaces obtained by wafer bonding
- 2000
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In: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 87:9, s. 4135-4146
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have examined the crystallographic structure of GaAs/InP interfaces obtained by wafer fusion following different procedures. Plan-view and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy reveal that the interface is not only composed of a regular array of two sets of edge dislocations and is more complex than generally supposed. If a twist is created due to misalignment of the two substrates, the dislocations are not edge dislocations but also have a screw component. Dislocations for which the Burgers vectors have a component normal to the interface are also present. Those dislocations probably result from steps and some of them accommodate the tilt between the two substrates. Inclusions and voids as well as a low number of volume dislocations are present in all the samples. The observed volume dislocation density near the interface lies in the 10(5)-10(7) cm(-2) range and these volume dislocations may be associated with thermal mismatch. The origin of all these defects is discussed.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Salomonsson, Kent E., et al.
(author)
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Weighted Potential Methodology for Mixed Mode Cohesive Laws
- 2010
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In: Proceedings of the MECOM DEL BICENTENARIO, IX Argentinian Congress on Computational Mechanics. - : Asociación Argentina de Mecánica Comptacional. ; , s. 8355-8374
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A weighted potential methodology is developed by utilizing pure mode I and mode II energy release rate experiments to determine the traction-separation relations for thin adhesive layers. The experimentally measured energy release rates act as boundary conditions for developing a weighted potential function. Thus, the tractions for any mixed mode loading can be established. Changes of mode mix during an experiment can also be captured by the law since every mixed mode variation is given by the potential function. Furthermore, by use of an inverse J-integral approach and damage type variables, the traction-separation relations for any mode mix can be approximated by use of pure mode experiments. Numerical simulations show the applicability of the methodology. The results indicate that the methodology is promising when simulating the constitutive behavior of adhesive layers.
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| 38. |
- Salomonsson, Kent, et al.
(author)
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Modeling and Analysis of a Screw Fitting Assembly Process Involving a Cast Magnesium Component
- 2020
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In: Frontiers in Materials. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-8016. ; 7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A finite element analysis of a complex assembly was made. The material description used was a physically based material model with dislocation density as an internal state variable. This analysis showed the importance of the materials’ behavior in the process as there is discrepancy between the bolt head contact pressure and the internals state of the materials where the assembly process allows for recovery. The end state is governed by both the tightening process and the thermal history and strongly influenced by the thermal expansion of the AZ91D alloy.
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| 39. |
- Salomonsson, Kent, et al.
(author)
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Three-dimensional microstructural characterization of cast iron alloys for numerical analyses
- 2018
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In: Materials Science Forum. - : Trans Tech Publications. - 0255-5476 .- 1662-9752. - 9783035710557 ; 925, s. 427-435
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, we aim at characterizing three different cast iron alloys and their microstructural features, namely lamellar, compacted and nodular graphite iron. The characterization of microscopic features is essential for the development of methods to optimize the behavior of cast iron alloys; e.g. maximize thermal dissipation and/or maximize ductility while maintaining strength. The variation of these properties is commonly analyzed by metallography on two-dimensional representations of the alloy. However, more precise estimates of the morphologies and material characteristics are obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction of microstructures. The use of X-ray microtomography provides an excellent tool to generate high resolution threedimensional microstructure images. The characteristics of the graphite constituent in the microstructure, including the size, shape and connectivity, were analyzed for the different cast iron alloys. It was observed that the lamellar and compacted graphite iron alloys have relatively large connected graphite morphologies, as opposed to ductile iron where the graphite is present as nodules. The results of the characterization for the different alloys were ultimately used to generate finite element models.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Salomonsson, Max, et al.
(author)
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Njurarnas struktur och funktion
- 1997
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In: Njurmedicin.. - : Liber Aurell. ; , s. 1-
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Streubel, K., et al.
(author)
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Long wavelength vertical cavity lasers
- 1999
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In: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - San Jose, CA, USA. ; 3625:Bellingham, WA, United States, s. 304-314
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on three novel vertical cavity laser (VCL) structures for 1.55 Όm operation. Two of the VCL structures utilize an n-type GaInAsP/InP Bragg mirror combined with an Al(Ga)As/GaAs mirror using either wafer-fusion or metamorphic epitaxial growth. The third VCL employs two wafer fused AlGaAs/GaAs mirrors, in which lateral current confinement is obtained by localized fusion of the p-mirror. All three VCLs use strained GaInAsP quantum wells as active material and achieve continuous-wave (CW) operation at room-temperature or above. The single fused VCL operates up to 17 °C and 101 °C in continuous-wave and pulsed mode, respectively. The monolithic VCL-structure with a metamorphic GaAs/AlAs n-type mirror uses a reversed biased tunnel junction for current injection. This laser achieves record high output power (1mW) at room temperature and operates CW up to 45 °C. The double fused VCLs with a 10×10 Όm2 active area operate CW up to 30 °C with threshold current as low as 2.5 mA and series resistance of 30 Ohms. The emission spectra exhibit a single lasing mode polarized with 30 dB extinction ratio and a spectral linewidth of 150 MHz.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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