| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Al Khalidi, Marwa, et al.
(author)
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Bordering Principles and Integration in Urban Context
- 2023
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In: field: a free journal for architecture. - 1755-0068. ; 9:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we reflect on how bordering emerge in urban integration processes in relation to two geopolitical belongings. The paper emanates from a performative dialogic event, labelled Lund Irbid Parallel Walk connecting two geopolitical regions: one in Europe through the city of Lund in the South of Sweden, and one in the Middle East that is Irbid located in the North of Jordan. Here, we reflect on key places addressed through this staged dialogic event, looking into bordering processes and their effects in and around the two cities. By addressing cultural heritage areas, official government buildings, but above all areas where newcomers have settled, or been placed within the lay-out of the two cities, we trace histories, architecture, and contestations around different bordering processes, exploring how they have been shifting, and emerging. The geopolitical belongings of Lund and Irbid, representing a division between a global North and South, show interesting local complexities as regards ways of handling housing for newcomers, especially refugees, linked to the history of neighboring relations on minor as well as major scales. In this paper we point to varying mechanisms of integration in the two cities, as regards how local border-formation appears, especially as related to architectural and urban transformation.
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| 3. |
- Barman, Malin, 1983, et al.
(author)
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Serum levels of Vitamin A and Atopic Rhinoconjunctivitis in Swedish adolescents
- 2017
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In: Journal of food science and nutrition therapy. - 2641-3043. ; 3:1, s. 014-019
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: Vitamin A plays a role in mucosal immunity and tolerance, but the association between vitamin A status and allergy is still unclear. The aim of the study was to analyze the levels of vitamin A in serum from adolescents with or without atopic rhinoconjunctivitis. Method: Thirteen-year-old children with atopic rhinoconjunctivitis (n = 53) and non-allergic, non-sensitized controls (n = 52) were randomly selected from a population based prospective birth cohort comprising 1228 children in Northern Sweden born in 1996-1997. Vitamin A (retinol) concentrations in serum were measured with high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between allergy prevalence and serum vitamin A levels. Results: Multiple logistic regression analysis showed no association between serum vitamin A levels and atopic rhinoconjunctivitis prevalence; OR = 1.00 (95% confidence interval 1.00-1.00), p = 0.81. Stratification for gender revealed a trend for a higher risk for having atopic rhinoconjunctivitis with higher concentrations of vitamin A in serum for females, OR = 1.02 (1.00-1.05), p = 0.07. No such associations were found in male subjects OR = 0.99 (0.97-1.01), p = 0.15. A dose-response relationship between allergy and vitamin A concentrations were also calculated but no such relationships were found, neither for all subjects nor for male and females separately. Conclusions: Serum levels of vitamin A could neither be positively nor negatively associated with atopic rhinoconjunctivitis in Swedish teenagers.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Björgvinsson, Erling, 1969, et al.
(author)
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Hospitalisation and Spatial Vagueness: Patients’ Sense of Plasticity in a Care Environment
- 2017
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In: Caring Architecture: Institutions and Relational Practices. - Newcastle upon Tyne : Cambridge Scholars Publishing. - 9781443898966 ; , s. 33-49
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hospitalised patients are faced with a brute reorientation of their normal spatial needs and preferences and are forced to adjust spatially, so they start to re-arrange their own situation according to personal needs and site-specific circumstances. This re-arrangement includes material re-positioning of institutional objects and private things, but also adjusting to the presence and needs of hospital staff and other patients. Different types of spatial restraints and opportunities may emerge in this alignment with the hospital culture and thus patients’ preferences and spatial production within this environment need to be further investigated. Patients may need not only to produce a space of their own that allows subjective and intersubjective building of territories, but also to retain a certain movement of freedom in relation to the firmness of the socio-spatial programme and the architecture that exists in hospital wards. This chapter presents an investigation of patients’ socio-spatial concerns and preferences when hospitalised. The results indicate that more attention could be paid to patients’ concerns and preferences as regards spatial flexibility, reflecting the existential necessity for vagueness as an ingredient of space and the enacted experience of plasticity as the ability to give and take form. This leads on to the conclusion that applied concepts of space and the design of hospitals could take into account a more varied range of everyday space production according to those occupying the space.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Carlsson, Fredric, et al.
(author)
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Signal sequence directs localized secretion of bacterial surface proteins.
- 2006
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 442:7105, s. 943-946
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- All living cells require specific mechanisms that target proteins to the cell surface. In eukaryotes, the first part of this process involves recognition in the endoplasmic reticulum of amino-terminal signal sequences and translocation through Sec translocons, whereas subsequent targeting to different surface locations is promoted by internal sorting signals(1). In bacteria, N-terminal signal sequences promote translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane, which surrounds the entire cell, but some proteins are nevertheless secreted in one part of the cell by poorly understood mechanisms(2,3). Here we analyse localized secretion in the Gram-positive pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes, and show that the signal sequences of two surface proteins, M protein and protein F ( PrtF), direct secretion to different subcellular regions. The signal sequence of M protein promotes secretion at the division septum, whereas that of PrtF preferentially promotes secretion at the old pole. Our work therefore shows that a signal sequence may contain information that directs the secretion of a protein to one subcellular region, in addition to its classical role in promoting secretion. This finding identifies a new level of complexity in protein translocation and emphasizes the potential of bacterial systems for the analysis of fundamental cell-biological problems(4).
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Friberg, Örjan, et al.
(author)
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Carath -ett verksamhetsinitierat kvalitetsregister och processtöd : Ger toraxkirurgin bra möjlighet att följa vårdprocessen
- 2011
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In: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm : Sveriges läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 108:26-28, s. 1365-1369
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Vi redovisar här våra mångåriga erfarenheter av uppbyggnaden och implementeringen av ett IT-processtöd (Carath) för specialiserad vård, i detta fall toraxkirurgi. Kombinerade kvalitets- och processdata ur Carath har givit en unik möjlighet att följa för vårdprocessen relevanta nyckeltal. Sjukvårdsprocesser är komplexa. Bristande detaljkunskap om dessa eller underskattning av tidsåtgång för planering leder till fel i databasen, vilka kan vara svåra att korrigera i efterhand. Avsevärda resurser bör avsättas för att säkerställa en god validitet på data i ett kvalitetsregister. Komplexiteten i att koppla ihop t ex kvalitetsregister och datajournal med varandra på ett tillförlitligt vis ska inte underskattas.
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| 11. |
- Frichot, Hélène, 1970-, et al.
(author)
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After Effects : Theories and Methodologies in Architectural Research
- 2019
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Book (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Combining theories and methodologies drawn from diverse disciplinary terrains, the after effects of research presented in this volume are aimed at strengthening future thinking and practice in architecture. We challenge the traditional assumption that theory occupies a position that is detached from the production of architecture. Instead we assert that theory can operate reciprocally with methodology toward experimentation in both critical architectural discourse and projective modes of practice. At stake here are the emergent possibilities of new socio-political and ecological challenges and contexts, where ethical and material conditions must be tackled jointly.
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| 12. |
- Hällgren, Nina, 1977-
(author)
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Designing with Urban Sound : Exploring methods for qualitative sound analysis of the built environment
- 2019
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The licentiate thesis Designing with Urban Sound explores the constitution and qualitative characteristics of urban sonic space from a design-oriented and practice-based perspective. The act of lifting forth and illuminating the interaction between architecture, the creation of sound and a sonic experience aims to examine and develop useful tools and methods for the representation, communication and analysis of the exterior sonic environment in complex architectural spaces. The objective is to generate theoretical and practical knowledge within the field of urban sound planning and design by showing examples of different and complementary ways of communicating and analyzing sound than those which are commonly recognized.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Kopljar, Sandra, et al.
(author)
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Uttered Expectations - a performative event through broadcasting of spoken rendering of written answers
- 2016
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Uttered Expectations was a reading event performed 27 June 2013, as part of a PhD project at the Department of Architecture, Lund University. Within the frame of the PhD project a series of research interventions were pursued about the establishing of a large-scale science park in an agrarian area just outside the city of Lund, Sweden. In Uttered Expectations written comments from participants that had participated in interview interventions in this area were read by the researcher Sandra Kopljar at the site of the future Science Village and broadcasted to the City Centre of Lund as a symbolic return of voices to the city, operating in parallel to official planning procedures. Uttered Expectations was realized through several cooperative and collaborative steps. In an initial request to the artist group Learning Site the research project leaders asked if it could be of interest for Learning Site to share this kind of situation by having a sound-emitting building unit placed at the site of the future Science Village, at the same time as they had an exhibition going on at a gallery in the City of Lund. Learning Site agreed to the idea of making a transmission. This decision in turn started a negotiation with the City Planning Office in Lund about placing the sound-emitting module in this exploitation site, which at the time had only scarcely begun its life as a construction site. This three-fold co-operation – between researchers at Lund University, artists and Lund Municipality generated further necessary collaboration with other actors, such as persons within the Science Village leadership, the art gallery in the City Centre, people active at the construction site, archaeologists, and agencies handling transport, insurance and building permit, etc. In this presentation we tell the story of this co-operation, and some of the societal and organisational issues it addressed. We also reflect on the fact that the mode of research and the methods in the PhD project as a whole was formed partly as a consequence of the co-operative efforts.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Kärrholm, Mattias, et al.
(author)
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Waiting places as temporal interstices and agents of change
- 2011
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In: Trans. - : Afdeling for dialektforskning, Nordisk forskningsinstitut, Københavns universitet. - 1560-182X. ; :18
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- One of the main ways in which in-between time-spaces are organised and materialised in the urban environment is through waiting places. In this article we point to the transformative potential of waiting places, their role as actors in an urban web, and discuss briefly their societal role in recent historical changes. Public waiting places are today increasingly becoming pre-programmed: connected to other designed environments and integrated into a consumer context, thus losing part of their traditional role in the production of public domain as places for waiting. However, waiting is also to a great extent something experienced as a result of non-programmed events, something that can occur without warning, and has to be handled cognitively. In the article we use insights from the field of material semiotics as well as from attention theory, in order to suggest a model of waiting stages that describe the changing roles, and agencies, of these in-between time-spaces, situated as they are in the urban net of people’s daily activities.
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| 17. |
- Larfors, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
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The impact of socio-economic factors on treatment choice and mortality in chronic myeloid leukaemia
- 2017
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In: European Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0902-4441 .- 1600-0609. ; 98:4, s. 398-406
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of socio-economic variables on treatment selection and survival of patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML).METHODS: Using information available in population-based Swedish registries, we evaluated indices of health, education and economy from the 980 patients in the Swedish CML register diagnosed between 2002 and 2012. Apart from internal comparisons, five age-, gender- and region-matched control subjects per patient served as control cohort. Median follow-up time from CML diagnosis was 4.8 years.RESULTS: Among patients with CML, low personal or household income, short education, living alone, poor performance status and high age (>60 years) were significantly associated with an inferior survival (in univariate analyses). However, similar findings were noted also in the matched control group, and in comparisons adjusted for calendar year, age and performance status, socio-economic variables were not significantly associated with CML survival. Meanwhile, both education and income were independently linked to TKI treatment overall and to upfront treatment with second-generation TKIs.CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, socio-economic conditions were associated with survival in the studied CML cohort but these associations could be explained by differences at baseline. Meanwhile, socio-economic conditions appeared to influence treatment choice.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
-
Low Enough High-rise
- 2015
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In: Lo-Res. - 2002-0260. ; 1:1, s. 152-164
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Other publication (peer-reviewed)
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| 20. |
- Löfling, Lukas, et al.
(author)
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Clinical characteristics and survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients by smoking history : a population-based cohort study
- 2019
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In: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 58:11, s. 1618-1627
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Approximately, 10–15% of lung cancer patients have never smoked. Previous epidemiological studies on non-tobacco associated lung cancer have been hampered by selected data from a small number of hospitals or limited numbers of patients. By use of data from large population-based registers with national coverage, this study aims to compare characteristics and survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with different smoking histories.Methods: Swedish national population-based registers were used to retrieve data on patients diagnosed with primary NSCLC between 2002 and 2016. The Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate overall survival and lung cancer-specific survival by smoking history.Results: In total, 41,262 patients with NSCLC were included. Of those, 4624 (11%) had never smoked. Never-smokers were more often women and older compared to ever smokers (current and former). Adenocarcinoma was proportionally more common in never-smokers (77%) compared to current (52%) and former smokers (57%). Stage IV disease was more common in never-smokers (57%) than in current (48%) and former smokers (48%). Epidermal growth factor receptor mutation was observed more in never-smokers (37%) compared to current (5%) and former smokers (9%). Both lung cancer-specific and overall survival were higher for never-smokers compared to current smokers.Conclusions: The observed differences in characteristics between never-smokers and smokers, and the higher survival in never-smokers compared to smokers from this large population-based study provide further evidence that lung cancer in never-smokers is clinically different to tobacco-associated lung cancer. The findings from this study emphasise the need for an improved understanding of genetics, pathogenesis, mechanisms and progression of non-tobacco associated lung cancer that may help prevent lung cancer or identify individually targeted treatments.
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| 21. |
- Petersson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Interior design dilemmas in a shared room of silence.
- 2020
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In: Material Religion: the journal of objects, art and belief. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1743-2200. ; 16:2, s. 213-235
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This text sheds light on the delicate practice of including different religious as well as nonreligious expressions in a shared room. The effects of design decisions in a “room of silence” at a Swedish hospital are studied over a transitional period of renovation of the space. We observe the impact of materiality in the room’s establishment, renovation, and usage, and show how the room’s interior design, its decor and objects, are conditioned by ritual acts as well by practical and spontaneous place-making processes. By following how the negotiations of the interior space relate to presupposed separations of aesthetic and religious ideals, we see how the design of a room of silence can allow several religious groups to comfortably use one common room; but also how design can cause clashes between different interests and how materiality is forced in the end to advice a clear spatial distinction between different types of usage in the room.
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| 22. |
- Petersson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Room of silence : an explorative investigation of design students’ redesign of an arena for reflection and existential meaning-making
- 2016
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In: Mortality. - United Kingdom : Informa UK Limited. - 1357-6275 .- 1469-9885. ; 21:2, s. 130-148
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper explores design students’ proposals for a redesign of the interior of a room of silence at the SUS hospital in Malmö. Reflection and existential meaning-making are discussed in relation to the material culture of design, and more specifically in relation to four different themes found among the students’ proposals: nature as common symbolic framework and salutary force; lighting creating a visual and spatial ambience for retreat; interactive objects allowing ritualised activities; and the presence and absence of religious symbols. In this paper, we argue that architecture and design more profoundly could support people with varying existential viewpoints when it comes to providing religiously and culturally shared public spaces for dealing with existentially crucial moments. We also argue for an interdisciplinary research approach to healing environments, where existential meaning-making is included in the overall discussion of the design of health care architecture.
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| 23. |
- Price, JD, et al.
(author)
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Induction of a regulatory phenotype in human CD4(+) T cells by streptococcal M protein
- 2005
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In: Journal of Immunology. - 1550-6606. ; 175:2, s. 677-684
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Regulatory T cells (Tregs) participate in the control of the immune response. In the human system, an IL-10-secreting, T regulatory type 1 cell (Tr1)-like subset of Tregs can be induced by concurrent cross-linking of the TCR and CD46 on naive CD4(+) T cells. Because many viral and bacterial pathogens, including the major human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes, bind to CD46, we asked whether this bacterium can directly induce Tr1-like cells through the streptococcal ligand for CD46, the M protein. The M5 and M22 proteins were found to induce T cells to develop into the IL-10-producing Tr1-like phenotype. Moreover, whole M5-expressing bacteria, but not isogenic M-negative bacteria, led to proliferation and IL-10 secretion by T cells. The interaction between the M5 protein and T cells was dependent on CD46 and the conserved C repeat region of M5. Supernatants derived from T cells stimulated with M proteins or M protein-expressing bacteria suppressed bystander T cell proliferation through IL-10 secretion. In addition, activation of CD46 through streptococcal M protein induced the expression of granzyme B, providing a second means for these cells to regulate an immune response. These findings suggest that binding to CD46 and exploiting its signaling pathway may represent a strategy employed by a number of important human pathogens to induce directly an immunosuppressive/regulatory phenotype in T cells.
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| 24. |
- Sandin, Charlotta, et al.
(author)
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Binding of human plasma proteins to Streptococcus pyogenes M protein determines the location of opsonic and non-opsonic epitopes
- 2006
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In: Molecular Microbiology. - : Wiley. - 1365-2958 .- 0950-382X. ; 59:1, s. 20-30
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Antibodies directed against a pathogenic microorganism may recognize either protective or non-protective epitopes. Because antibodies elicited by a vaccine must be directed against protective epitopes, it is essential to understand the molecular properties that distinguish the two types of epitope. Here we analyse this problem for the antiphagocytic M protein of Streptococcus pyogenes, using the opsonizing capacity of antibodies to estimate their ability to confer protection in vivo. Our studies were focused on the M5 protein, which has three surface-exposed regions: the amino-terminal hypervariable region (HVR) and the B- and C-repeat regions. We first analysed the role of different M5 regions in phagocytosis resistance under non-immune conditions, employing chromosomal mutants expressing M5 proteins with internal deletions, and demonstrate that only the B-repeat region is essential for phagocytosis resistance. However, only antibodies to the HVR were opsonic. This apparent paradox could be explained by the ability of fibrinogen and albumin to specifically bind to the B- and C-repeats, respectively, causing inhibition of antibody binding under physiological conditions, while antibodies to the HVR could bind and promote deposition of complement. These data indicate that binding of human plasma proteins plays an important role in determining the location of opsonic and non-opsonic epitopes in streptococcal M protein.
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| 25. |
- Sandin, Charlotta, et al.
(author)
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Isolation and detection of human IgA using a streptococcal IgA-binding peptide.
- 2002
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In: Journal of Immunology. - 1550-6606. ; 169:3, s. 1357-1364
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bacterial proteins that bind to the Fc part of IgG have found widespread use in immunology. A similar protein suitable for the isolation and detection of human IgA has not been described. Here, we show that a 50-residue synthetic peptide, designated streptococcal IgA-binding peptide (Sap) and derived from a streptococcal M protein, can be used for single-step affinity purification of human IgA. High affinity binding of IgA required the presence in Sap of a C-terminal cysteine residue, not present in the intact M protein. Passage of human serum through a Sap column caused depletion of >99% of the IgA, and elution of the column allowed quantitative recovery of highly purified IgA, for which the proportions of the IgA1 and IgA2 subclasses were the same as in whole serum. Moreover, immobilized Sap could be used for single-step purification of secretory IgA of both subclasses from human saliva, with a recovery of approximately 45%. The Sap peptide could also be used to specifically detect IgA bound to Ag. Together, these data indicate that Sap is a versatile Fc-binding reagent that may open new possibilities for the characterization of human IgA.
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| 26. |
- Sandin, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
-
“4.5-typ”
- 2004
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In: TEXST, en antologi med svensk ord/bildkonst. - 9187176270
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 27. |
- Sandin, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
-
Aesthetic regulation of objectionable representations. : A semiotic approach to memorials and religious architectural space.
- 2012
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In: Global Semiotics : Bridging Different Civilizations - Bridging Different Civilizations. - 9787563037438
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Whenever a material object is selected to represent a physically absent, but emotionally present referent, such as a religious figure or a deceased relative, we have a complex representation situation that involves what we could tentatively label “transgressive cognitive acts”. A transgressive cognitive act is here meant to involve a part that is experienced as present, and as having an effect, but not evidenced from a rationalist or scientific perspective on existence. Sometimes, the complexity of this type of representation is such that argumentation beside the theological, e.g. aesthetic, comes to stand as vicarious to theological or existential opinions about the matter. The semiotics of such vicarious representation have to consider a “leaking” communication model where one part in the trinity - of the sender, the receiver or the referent - escape a coherent or evidenced definition (God can be all three, depending on type of communication). The fact that empirically non-existing referents have been recognized and theorized in semiotics (Eco; Sonesson; and others) does not explain why certain cases of absent semiotic agents, linked to religious belief, or to sense of presence in grief of a deceased person, may give rise to such extreme degree of emotion or sense of existence.Departing from a narrated episode written by J M Coetzee, about the controversy brought up by a crucifix, turning into a quarrel about aesthetic preferences, this paper discusses a series of designed or spontaneously created spatial representations of physically absent, but indirectly and emotionally present referents, as they appear in memorials, cemeteries and funeral chapels. In public acts of memorialisation, the physical objects that represent the deceased – like gravestones or memorial objects placed at sites representing the dead – are often strictly regulated, differently in different cultures. When for instance they appear at unexpected places in the urban environment, or with unfamiliar looks, memorials and their material culture can become highly controversial or be regarded as objectionable.These materialisations with a relation to religion, or existential belief, may give rise to arguments where the aesthetic aspect is the last chance to state a principle order in the cultural scheme in which they are debated. Such arguments are actualised in the current debate about post-secular societies, where it is for instance stated (Habermas) that both religious and secular mentalities must be open to a complementary learning if we are to balance shared citizenship and cultural difference in the post-secular society. It is an objective of this paper to show that the recognition of a semiotics that involves the paradoxical presence of emotionally strong, but fundamentally absent parts in communication can contribute to the aesthetics of physically present, but existentially debated objects, as well as to the discussion about the confronting as well as conjoining elements of regulation of these issues in society.
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| 28. |
- Sandin, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
-
Aesthetic replacement strategies in hospitals
- 2011
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In: Ambience11 : Where art, technology and design meet - Where art, technology and design meet. - 9789197557689 ; , s. 69-77
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Sandin, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
-
Agentic and visual effects of large-scale science research facilties
- 2019
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Large-scale science research facilities, such as those for investigation into the smallest components of physical matter, often consist of buildings with quite extraordinary features as regards shape and scale. These architectures are semiotically interesting in several ways: they have extraordinary outer forms that reflect the their inner activities; they require forms of mediation and planning that are able to handle their significant impact on cities and landscapes; and they contain activities that - metaphorically or factually - suggest human futures and promises of better products. How, then, more precisely, is future reflected in the planning and actualisation of these facilities, and how may their realisation have an impact on regional and global spatial change? These questions are here approached as a study of the visual properties of architectural proposals, and the affordance given in the establishment of these types of research facilities, sometimes labelled Big Science Labs. The paper’s empirical focus lies on a large scale nanoscience and particle physics science park in Lund, Sweden, labelled and spatially enveloped as “Science Village Scandinavia”, which includes two large scale accelerators that can be seen as “giant cameras” registering the inner constitution of matter. Through agency-based visual semiotics that explores the medial, social, economic and political consequences of architectural design (Latour 2005; Yaneva 2012; Sandin 2013; Kopljar 2016), it is here suggested that the politics of large scale science facilities can be seen as spatial problems that reflect larger political dilemmas, not least by requiring unique planning procedures.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Sandin, Gunnar
(author)
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Art and the evolvement of culture. The altering capacity of institutional critique
- 2013
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Creativity is a principal force of cognitive and communicational genesis that causes alteration of established rules and concepts (Heine/Kuteva 2007) and transgression of cultural borders (Lotman 1990). Artistic activity is normally taken for granted as creative, despite the fact that much artistic intention, is not necessarily aspiring to make any radical change of the circumstances in which it is communicated. Still, the role of art in societies can be claimed to be of radical importance for human development. Art may historically, and indeed in several archaeological and anthropological perspectives, be seen as a shared cognitive resource and a projection surface for the self-conceiving of cultures. Thus, its representational capacity influences stabilisation as well as alteration of societies and their borders. Art has even been described as “a major factor in evolving the cognitive domains in the long history of the human species” (Donald 2006), and in this perspective art is to be regarded as an important “trigger” in evolutionary change, belonging in several stages of development.If art in general has these evolutionary and extensional qualities, what then could be said about the self-questioning agency of critical art, sometimes labelled “institutional critique”, i.e. art that beyond depiction or beauty aims at exposing the fundaments upon which it itself is collected, maintained, symbolized, economized? Through examples from contemporary critical art, it will here be discussed to what extent these activities alter their own culture. In view of the examples, creativity will be regarded – in order to distinguish it from mere problem-solving, and refinement of discipline – as a radically open-ended intention that may alter the comprehension of its own immediate context as well as of the context in a broad cultural meaning.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Sandin, Gunnar
(creator_code:cre_t)
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As Safe as Houses
- 2004
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Artistic work (other academic/artistic)
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Sandin, Gunnar
(author)
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Construing Scandinavia : A semiotic account of intercultural exchange in theme park design
- 2020
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In: Semiotica. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0037-1998 .- 1613-3692. ; 2020:232, s. 79-102
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Evaluation of other cultures is a strong force in a culture's definition of itself. Cultures are formed in encounters that include domination, conflict, and dismissal as much as appreciation and smooth exchange. In this paper, the construction of cultural identity is discussed, with reference to a Scandinavian Theme Park proposal made in cooperation between American design consultants and a local Swedish team of planners and visionaries. The image production in this design proposal, which never came to be realised in architectural production, shows that "Scandinavia" appears as a two-some dialogic construction that adopts stereotyped cultural identities, and that it was not brought to any wider public dialogue. In a semiotic account of this architectural decision-making, models of culture (Lotman. 1990. Universe of the mind: A semiotic theory of culture. London: Tauris.) are discussed in terms of the tripartition of culture into Ego-culture, Alter-culture and Alius-culture (Sonesson. 2000. Ego meets alter: The meaning of otherness in cultural semiotics. Semiotica 128(3/4). 537-559.; Cabak Rédei, Anna. 2007. An inquiry into cultural semiotics: Germaine de Staël's autobiographical travel accounts. Lund: Lund University Press.), considered as a basic abstracted backdrop of what is meant by cultural difference. In this paper it is suggested that this tripartite view on culture, can be further discussed in reflection of post-colonial studies, notably through terms such as "mimicry" (Bhabha. 1984. Of mimicry and man: The ambivalence of colonial discourse. October 28. 125-133.) and "subalterity" (Spivak. 1988. Can the subaltern speak?. In Cary Nelson & Lawrence Grossberg (eds.), Marxism and the interpretation of culture, 271-313. Urbana & Chicago: University of Illinois Press.). The model of culture can furthermore be discussed through Peirce's distinction between different stages and carriers of representation, adding to the cultural model an understanding of what it means, over time, for a culture to relate to an admired as well as to a neglected other cultural actor.
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| 41. |
- Sandin, Gunnar
(author)
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Creativity and the evolvement of culture. The altering capacity of art works, paper presentation, Lisbon, 26-29 June.
- 2012
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Title:Creativity and the evolvement of culture. The altering capacity of art works.Creativity, in the sense finding original solutions to life world problems, can be seen as the principal force of cognitive and communicational genesis, such as when new verbal language elements occur (Heine/Kuteva 2007). Creativity has been defined as the original act that not only makes a radical “revision of a concept” but also causes a “change of the rules” by which a discipline orients itself (Sahlin XXXX). However, focusing on concepts and rules runs a risk of restricting creativity to actions that refine the particular discipline that “owns” these concepts and rules. In a broader perspective of human development, creativity should rather be seen as a radical force in the reorientation of cultivation. Artistic activity is often taken for granted as a creative domain, this despite the fact that much art, and much artistic intention, is not necessarily aspiring to make any radical change of the circumstances in which it is communicated. Still, the role of art in societies can be claimed to be of importance for human development. Art, of which decorative art is only a sub-category, may historically, and indeed in several archaeological and anthropological perspectives, be seen as a projection surface for the self-conceiving of a culture. And, in recent perspectives of shared cognitive resources, contemporary art may be considered as a generative part of the self-definition of individuals as well as communities (Brinck 200X). Art has even been described as “a major factor in evolving the cognitive domains in the long history of the human species” (Donald 2006), and in this perspective art is to be regarded as an important part in evolutionary change, a trigger that apart from belonging in the (later) theoretic stage involves also the more basic (earlier) cognitive domains of the mimetic and mythic stages (Donald 2006). If art in general has these evolutionary and extensional qualities, what then could we say about the metacognitive, self-questioning agency of critical art, sometimes labelled “institutional critique”, i.e art that beyond depiction or beauty aims at exposing the fundaments upon which it itself is collected, maintained, symbolized, economized? Through examples from contemporary art, it will here be discussed if creativity – in order to distinguish it from problem-solving, refinement of discipline, or (in the other end) mere destruction – is best understood as an open-ended intention that alters the comprehension of its context. The perspectival ability to achieve “dissensus rather than consensus” (Ranciere 200X), or the semiotic capacity to distinguish comprehensions of culture, extra-culture and non-culture (Sonesson 200X) can be seen as ingredients, or even “requirements”, of such cultural critique displaying awareness of, or suggestions to cultural alteration.Key words: creativity, originality, context
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| 42. |
- Sandin, Gunnar
(author)
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Creativity as a matter of context. : On the assessment of creativity and originality in artistic higher education.
- 2011
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In education programs with an artistic ground, i.e. where the student is supposed to develop an artistic skill, the overall objective is to provide the fundament for a practitioner to become a well functioning individual in a specific artistic community. This artistic community of practice plays – directly through professionally active teachers, and indirectly through teachers with a good understanding of the field – a significant role in the formation of the education programme. Professional demands are thus imposed on the student, of a sort that do not show up as significantly in more thematic or general subject-oriented types of academic education. Apart from the specific types of technical skill that is requested by different arts or genres, there are also more abstract and common demands, like those of originality and creativity. Originality and creativity are often conceptualised as coming together in one creative act, and this paper will therefore have its focus on the notion of creativity. Creativity is for the most part measured against a paradigm of already existing art works, serving as recurring “filters” in the evaluation of students’ works. This type of evaluation recurs during the years that an education program lasts, and it develops between teachers and students, as well as amongst students themselves. The degree of creativity – or originality in performance – of a student’s work may be silently or explicitly evaluated already in admission works and entry tests, and then continues in examination of tasks designed and assessed by the teachers, but perhaps most often in the successive tutorial discussions about ongoing individual work. The climax of such evaluation, and the most emotional and disciplined moment in the years of studies, is the critique of the diploma work. In this paper I will attempt to render a few ways in which originality and creativity is evaluated, and my main suggestion here is that the contexts in which creativity is measured, are fundamental for how we define creativity itself. It is shown that works can be evaluated differently in different evaluation situations, as regards participating persons, spatial circumstances and media at hand. In other words, despite a common attributing of originality and creativity to persons or works, it is here claimed that we must acknowledge also the fact that it is the presentational situation itself that makes a creative act viewable in the first place.Content of paper presentation:1. Introduction2. The critical review as form for assessment and examination in art education 3. Creativity as matter of rule, content – or context.4. Creativity as shift-of-context.5. End notes: examples of re-contextualisation as a teaching method.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Sandin, Gunnar
(author)
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Designing Scandinavia: A Cultural Semiotics Approach to Dialogic Image making.
- 2017
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In: ISI International Semiotics Institute.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Evaluations of the other culture is a strong force, not only in cultural dialogue but, consequently, in a culture’s formation of itself. Cultures are formed, as it were, in encounters that include domination, conflict, and dismissal as much as appreciation and smooth exchange. In this paper, the construction of cultural identity is discussed, in a study of a Scandinavian Theme Park proposal that was made in a dialogue between American consultants in co-operation with a local Swedish design team. The image production in this design proposal shows that “Scandinavia” appears as a dialogic construction that adopts mainly ready-made cultural identities, or cultural clichés as it were. Scandinavian (or Nordic) culture is represented in the visualised proposals by stereotypes such as Vikings, trolls, or element from old Nordic mythology. American (or rather USA-based) values are rather indicated in the project by the way the economic calculus was made, as well as by the choice and style of images in the project, both aspects being strongly influenced by the way Disney parks had been physically realised as amusement areas with attractions building up a world of its own. In a semiotic account of this architectural decision-making, models of culture are here discussed, where the tripartition of culture into Ego culture, Alter culture and Alius culture (Lotman 1990; Sonesson 2000; Cabak Redei 2007) can be seen as a basic abstracted backdrop to what we mean by cultural difference. It is here suggested that this general tripartition, in order to account for the uneven reciprocity that shapes it, could benefit from input from post-colonial studies, and the terms of “mimicry” (Bhabha 1984) and “subalterity” (Spivak 1988), i.e. additions from studies in the particular type of cultural relationships where dominance, or the reciprocal balancing of dominance relations, is fundamental. In a graphic, diagrammatic, representation and development of these thoughts on culture formation, it is here suggested that both cultural tripartition (as pacts between two “equal” parties kept together at the cost of a third “neglected” party) and the view of uneven reciprocity (as pacts between two cultures in situational, but not mutually equal need of each other) is needed to cast light on the mechanisms of cultural interchange. This means that not only is otherness, curiosity and neglect acknowledged, but also mimetic behaviour and lack of voice, as strong forces in cultural interchange. Such an approach, based on semiotic capabilities, supports here an analysis of what is sacrificed and what is kept, when images of cultures are created, hence when cultures are formed.
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