| 1. |
- Löfström, Helena
(author)
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Trustworthy explanations : Improved decision support through well-calibrated uncertainty quantification
- 2023
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed fields like disease diagnosis and defence. Utilising sophisticated Machine Learning (ML) models, AI predicts future events based on historical data, introducing complexity that challenges understanding and decision-making. Previous research emphasizes users’ difficulty discerning when to trust predictions due to model complexity, underscoring addressing model complexity and providing transparent explanations as pivotal for facilitating high-quality decisions.Many ML models offer probability estimates for predictions, commonly used in methods providing explanations to guide users on prediction confidence. However, these probabilities often do not accurately reflect the actual distribution in the data, leading to potential user misinterpretation of prediction trustworthiness. Additionally, most explanation methods fail to convey whether the model’s probability is linked to any uncertainty, further diminishing the reliability of the explanations.Evaluating the quality of explanations for decision support is challenging, and although highlighted as essential in research, there are no benchmark criteria for comparative evaluations.This thesis introduces an innovative explanation method that generates reliable explanations, incorporating uncertainty information supporting users in determining when to trust the model’s predictions. The thesis also outlines strategies for evaluating explanation quality and facilitating comparative evaluations. Through empirical evaluations and user studies, the thesis provides practical insights to support decision-making utilising complex ML models.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Albertsen, Thomas, et al.
(author)
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Modelling Network-based Defence : Success and Failure of an Enterprise Modelling Endeavour
- 2010
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In: The Practice of Enterprise Modeling. - Berlin : Springer. - 9783642167812 ; , s. 121-129
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Research projects have an inherent risk of failure, and learning howto cope with the risk is an important task for everyone involved. In order to doso it is necessary to share the knowledge of the experiences done during andafter the project. This paper investigates a recently completed enterprisemodeling research project and contributes with lessons learned andrecommendations for future enterprise modeling projects.
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| 7. |
- Albertsen, Thomas, et al.
(author)
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The Practice of Competence Modelling
- 2010
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In: The Practice of Enterprise Modeling. - Berlin : Springer. - 9783642167812 ; , s. 106-120
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A clear understanding of the organizational competences of anenterprise and the underlying individual competences and the competencedevelopment needs has become more and more important for many industrialareas as a foundation for competence supply processes and adjustment tochanging market conditions. Competence modelling, i.e. the use of enterprisemodelling techniques for capturing existing and describing desiredorganisational and individual competences in enterprises, offers importantcontributions to this. In the last years, the authors of the paper have performed anumber of competence modelling cases, which revealed different characteristicsand resulted in lessons learned. This paper presents an examination of differentcharacteristics of competence modelling cases, and recommendations andlessons learned from these cases for the practice of competence modelling.
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| 8. |
- Carstensen, Anders
(author)
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The Evolution of the Connector View Concept : Enterprise Models for Interoperability Solutions in the Extended Enterprise
- 2011
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- People around the world who are working in companies and organisations need to collaborate, and in their collaboration use information managed by different information systems. The requirements of information systems to be interoperable are therefore apparant. While the technical problems, of communicating or sharing information between different information systems, have become less difficult to solve, the attention has turned to other aspects of interoperability. Such aspects concern the bussiness processes, the knowledge, the syntax and the semantics that involves the information managed by information systems.Enterprise modelling is widely used to achieve integration solutions within enterprises and is a research area both for the integration wihin an enterprise (company or organisation) and the integration between several different enterprises. Enterprise modelling takes into account several of the aspects, mentioned as important for interoperability, in the models that are created.This thesis describes a research which has resulted in the connector view concept. The main contribution with this framework comprises a model structure and an approach, for performing the modelling of the collaboration between several partners in an extended enterprise. The purpose of the enterprise models thus created, by using the connector view concept, is to find solutions to interoperability problems, that exist in the collaboration between several enterprises.
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| 9. |
- Cronholm, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Collaborative practice : an action research approach to efficient ITSM
- 2011
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In: 1 st International & Inter-disciplinary Workshop on Practice Research.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper addresses collaborative research as an action research approach. Many times action research is described as embracing one research organisation and one business organisation. We are challenging this view by introducing the concept of collaborative practice. A collaborative practice can be seen as a cluster of local practices and researchers working together. In this way, a collaborative practice should enable joint learning between, and joint development efforts for, several business practices as well as contributing to general practice and the scientific body of knowledge. Based on a case study within efficient IT Service Management (ITSM), the concept of collaborative practice and its relation to other adjacent concepts (such as local practice, general practice and scientific body of knowledge) have been characterized. Our results should be viewed as preliminary since they are gathered from an ongoing project.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Eyenga Ondoa, Maria Noel, et al.
(author)
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A Cross industry Evaluation of Critical Success Factors for Alignment of Strategy and Business Processes : A case study of SMEs in the region of Jönköping in Sweden
- 2011
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In: 13th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The challenges in the global economy have forced companies to rethink the way they operate and their relations with both customers and subcontractors. To remain competitive, companies need to align their business processes with the firm’s strategy and make a strategic use of information technology. This paper addresses one of the important issues in business process management field as well as strategic alignment that is, how do we create and sustain alignment between business processes and strategy? A literature review has been performed by the authors in order to come up with the challenges and critical success factors in process management and business and IT alignment. The results of that investigation are the basis for developing the approach that is advocated in this paper. Four case studies have been conducted in the area of Jönköping in order to test the validity of the approach in SMEs. The results show that SMEs continuously put efforts to maintain alignment between their business processes and strategy by means of Information Technology. They usually consider people, management, IT/IS and organisational culture as most important in order to create alignment between strategy and business processes. Organisational structure and performance measurement tend to be less important.
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| 13. |
- Goldkuhl, Göran, et al.
(author)
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Method Integration : the need for a learning perspective
- 1998
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In: IEE Proceedings - Software. - 1462-5970 .- 1463-9831. ; 145:4, s. 113-118
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In many situations there is a need to integrate different methods. In such a method integration process learning aspects should be addressed explicitly. The paper presents procedure and experiences from a R&D project concerning integration of two development methods. Communication problems obstructed the integrative method redesign initially. These communication problems were resolved through the use of an explicit method theory for classification and reconstruction of the method candidates. During application of the integrated method further reconstruction of tacit method knowledge was performed. The method integration process also included meta learning: Formulation of the method integration as a learning process and modification of the applied method theory.
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| 14. |
- Goldkuhl, Göran, et al.
(author)
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Method integration as a learning process
- 1998
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In: Training and education of methodology practitioners and researchers. - 1852330686 ; , s. 461-
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In many situations there is a need to integrate different methods. In such a method integration process learning aspects should be adressed explicitly. The paper presents procedure and experiences from a R&D project concerning integration of two change methods. Communication problems obstructed the integrative method redesign initially. These communication problems were resolved through the use of an explicit method theory for classification and reconstruction of the method candidates. During application of the integrated method further reconstruction of tacit method knowledge was performed. The method integration process also included meta learning: Formulation of the method integration as a learning process and modification of the applied method theory. Use of an explicit method theory/notion is important for learning methods. It should thus be included in methods training.
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| 15. |
- Göbel, Hannes, et al.
(author)
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LeaAgile ITSM!
- 2013
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Reports (other academic/artistic)
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| 16. |
- Göbel, Hannes, et al.
(author)
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Towards an agile method for ITSM self-assessment : A Design Science Research Approach
- 2013
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In: Proceedings of ICMLG 2013 The International Conference on Management, Leadership and Governance.. - : ICMLG.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IT Service Management (ITSM) is an expensive field where small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) need to become more efficient in their ITSM related work in order to cut costs and improve quality. The focus of this paper is to suggest a solution to the scarcity of process improvement methods dedicated to ITSM-processes in SMEs. The solution consists of an agile self-assessment method designed and evaluated in accordance with Design Science Research. The aim of the method is to support SMEs in their attempt to evaluate and improve their quality of ITSM processes. The findings show that the method creates opportunities for organizations to improve their ITSM processes. The method can be used to identify process gaps in comparison to standards for ITSM. It can also be used for benchmarking purposes within an organization as well as it can guide an organization’s improvement efforts. The method also depicts a standard that is easy for SMEs to understand and to use as guidance (with ITSM specific examples). Finally, the method enables SMEs to implement standards for ITSM in a resource-efficient way. Based on empirical evidence from applying the method the conclusion is that the method is useful for the intended target group and that the method agrees well with theories within the field.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Hjalmarsson, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Structural Views on System Development Practices : Towards a conceptualisation based on action, interaction and methods
- 2001
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In: Action in Language, Organisations and Information Systems.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An obvious quest for system development researchers is to understand, describe and give advices concerning the domain of system development. One part of this domain is the System Development Practice (SDP). SDP means the way that system development projects are planned, structured and carried out in order to produce a product that creates value for its client. Our experiences are that SDP often involves three major dimensions; action pattern, method, and role interaction. In these three structural views we find concepts and aspects that are of importance such as, system life cycle, model, method, results, resources, milestones, project roles, project group constellations, clients etc. These dimensions with their concepts and aspects make the SDP a complex phenomenon to its character. In this paper we will therefore give a character to each of these three dimensions and how these dimensions can constitute the SDP as a whole, i.e. a conceptualisation of the SDP. To accomplish this goal we have based this paper on three major sources for inspiration and generation of knowledge within the problem domain that we have identified. Firstly, we all have experiences from several projects and work where we during recent years in different ways have taken part in projects where development of SDP has been in focus. Secondly, empirical experiences from several projects where development of the SDP has been in focus, and thirdly, theories related to the SDP domain. The approach bears on the foundation of language action theories for information systems, information system development and practices for understanding the domain of SDP. By identifying essential acts performed in SDP’s we are able to regard the relations between the three dimensions in order to form a holistic view, which means that we can understand and have constructive discussions about SDP’s.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Hugoson, Mats-Åke, et al.
(author)
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Creating a Model for IT-investments Evaluation
- 2006
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In: 13th European Conference on Information Technology Evaluation.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes a model for evaluating IT-investments and the development of that model. The model aims at giving decision-makers in organizations a clear and precise picture of IT-investments. The model has been developed with an action-research approach, which means that researchers have cooperated closely with practitioners during the development. The development has been heavily influenced by the organizations taking part in the project. In a number of workshops intermediate results have been presented and reactions from practitioners have influenced the work, until the model is tested and considered to be useful. A Swedish Governmental organization has headed the project. A number of agricultural organizations within the European Union have provided the project with feedback. The participating representatives from different countries are directly concerned with IT investment problems. This action-research approach has resulted in a model that from participants is considered to have a potential to make an impact in their organizations on the decision-making processes for IT investments. The model also has potential to be used in academic teaching about how organizations can manage IT-investments.The model differs from other investment models in three distinct ways:- it adopts a lifetime perspective for different types of IT related investments- the concept of delayed investment is introduced- different calculation practices can be used, and the model supports different decision alternatives, also with consideration to non monetary benefits.The overall objective for the model is to support management of IT investments in a lifetime perspective.Even if the model is developed within governmental organizations it is judged to be general enough for use in every type of organization.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Hugoson, Mats-Åke, et al.
(author)
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The Total Picture : A Framework for Control of IT-Investments
- 2008
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Evaluation of IT-investments is a hard and tricky question. The paper presents a framework for control of IT-investments, which aims at providing decision-makers with a clear picture of, both individual IT-investments as well as an aggregated level where all IT-investments are compiled into a total picture. The framework has been developed with an action-research approach. In a number of workshops intermediate results have been presented and reactions from practitioners have influenced the development. Participants in the project come from different EU countries all directly concerned with IT-investments. The framework that is tested in authorities in different EU countries is from participants considered to have a potential to improve the decision-making processes. The framework also has potential to be used in academic teaching in IT economics. The framework is based on a lifetime perspective, where established investment models can be applied. A main dimension is to consider interrelations between different IT- investments through compilation into a total picture, in order to control the total spending on IT in organizations.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Jandinger, Magnus
(author)
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On a Need to Know Basis : A Conceptual and Methodological Framework for Modelling and Analysis of Information Demand in an Enterprise Context
- 2016
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- While the amount of information, readily available to workers in information- and knowledge intensive business- and industrial contexts, only seem to increase with every day, those workers continue to have difficulties in finding and managing relevant and needed information despite the numerous technical, organisational, and practical approaches promising a remedy to the situation. In this dissertation it is claimed that the main reason for the shortcomings of such approaches are a lack of understanding of the underlying information demand people and organisations have in relation to performing work tasks. Furthermore, it is also argued that while this issue, even with a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms, still would remain a complex problem, it would at least be manageable.To facilitate the development of demand-driven information solutions and organisational change with respect to information demand the dissertation sets out to first provide the empirical and theoretical foundation for a method for modelling and analysing information demand in enterprise contexts and then presents an actual method. As a part of this effort, a conceptual framework for reasoning about information demand is presented together with experiences from a number of empirical cases focusing on both method generation and -validation. A methodological framework is then defined based on principles and ideas grounded in the empirical background and finally a number of method components are introduced in terms of notations, conceptual focus, and procedural approaches for capturing and representation of various aspects of information demand.The dissertation ends with a discussion concerning the validity of the presented method and results in terms of utility, relevance, and applicability with respect to industrial context and needs, as well as possible and planned future improvements and developments of the method.
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| 26. |
- Johansson, Kevin, et al.
(author)
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Improving cybersecurity awareness among SMEs in the manufacturing industry
- 2022
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In: SPS2022: Proceedings of the 10th Swedish production symposium. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 9781643682686 - 9781643682693 ; , s. 209-220
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Small and medium-sized (SME) manufacturing enterprises have been described as a sector that traditionally has not been data-intensive, with low spending on IT and cybersecurity and employees with low cybersecurity awareness. SMEs have also been described as agile and under pressure to adopt new technology and embrace digitalization to gain a competitive advantage. Entering this data intensive world also comes with new risks, making them extra vulnerable. Not much attention has been directed at how SMEs in the manufacturing sector are working with improving employees’ cybersecurity awareness. Especially not where cybersecurity training programs are in focus. To investigate these aspects, we opted for a set of five SMEs in the manufacturing industry where it was possible to perform in-depth semi-structured interviews with chief information security officers’ (CISO) and employees. The results show several interesting results, for example, regarding the view on contextualization of training material and the relevance of microlearning. The study also presents several practical implications, including recommendations for improving cybersecurity training measures for SMEs in the manufacturing sector.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Kaczmarek, Tomasz, et al.
(author)
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Multi-layered enterprise modeling and its challenges in business and IT alignment
- 2012
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this article we have presented different challenges that need to be handled during enterprise modelling if we want to achieve business and IT alignment. The over all research question in the paper is: What are the challenges within and between the levels in a multi-layered model for business and IT alignment? In relation to this research question we have addressed what consequences these challenges will have on our view on and use of enterprise models as a mean to achieve business and IT alignment. The aim with the paper is also to give guidance about how to deal with these challenges. Our recommendations for how to deal with these challenges are summarised in five conclusions about, 1) the use and support from ontologies, 2) change as driving force during modelling (AS-IS – TO-BE). 3) the dependencies within and between layers must be clarified, 4) create balance between degree of formalism, degree of details, and degree of accuracy, and 5) guidelines and best practices about how to deal with these types challenges during enterprise modelling to create business and IT alignment.
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| 32. |
- Kaidalova, Julia, et al.
(author)
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An inventory of the business and IT alignment research field
- 2012
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In: Business Information Systems Workshops. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783642342271 ; , s. 116-126
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The area of business and IT alignment (BITA) has received increased attention during the last decade. As a consequence of this the amount of literature has also been growing increasingly. Since the interest for the field has increased it has also become important to follow and monitor trends and dominant directions of ongoing research within the field. The purpose of this paper is therefore to make an inventory of what areas and constructs that have caught our attention in the literature. As a result of such an inventory we present a set of categories that shows the focus and diversification of the BITA field. In the findings we can observe that the area of the highest research interest is development of a new instrumental support (methods, frameworks, approaches, etc.) for BITA. One dimension that seems to be partly neglected in the literature is procedural guidance about HOW to conduct and achieve business and IT alignment. The existing instrumental support that are presented in the literature has a strong focus on WHAT to do and WHAT to deal with, but they are missing the HOW dimension to a large extent.
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| 33. |
- Kaidalova, Julia, et al.
(author)
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Challenges in Integrating Product-IT into Enterprise Architecture – A Case Study
- 2017
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In: Procedia Computer Science. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 525-533
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Digital innovation (DI), Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber-physical Systems (CPS) offer new opportunities for enterprises but also cause new challenges for Enterprise Architecture Management. Based on an industrial case from power garden products illustrating potentials and challenges of DI and IoT, this paper investigates the integration of product-IT into enterprise architectures. Product-IT includes the embedded IT-systems in physical products and services / components for operations, maintenance or evaluation purposes. The paper investigates problems in product-IT and enterprise-IT integration and challenges for the field of EAM. The main contributions of the paper are (1) to position the area of product-IT in the field of EAM, and (2) to identify challenges from real-world cases regarding integration of product-IT into EA.
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| 34. |
- Kaidalova, Julia, et al.
(author)
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Contemporary demands on business and IT alignment – How can enterprise modeling help?
- 2016. - 1
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In: Strategic IT governance and alignment in business settings. - : IGI Global. - 9781522508618 - 1522508619 ; , s. 132-175
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The call for business and IT alignment (BITA) is an everlasting and increasing concern for today’s enterprises. BITA is no longer just a technical or local concern. Instead we need to embrace various dimensions in the concept of BITA, for instance strategic, structural, social and cultural. In addition to this, the development of concepts like digital innovation (DI), internet of things (IoT), cyber physical systems (CPS) has further challenged the success of BITA. As one approach to deal with the multi-dimensional BITA problem and to move the BITA positions forward, enterprise modeling (EM) has been acknowledged as a helpful practice. Particularly, EM provides the opportunity to facilitate the creation of integrated models that capture and represent different focal areas of an enterprise, and allows representing the numerous points of view of the key stakeholders. In order to consider the points of view of different stakeholders and create share understanding between them the participative character of EM sessions can play an important role. This chapter presents various challenges that EM practitioners face during participative EM sessions, and a number of recommendations that can help to overcome these challenges.
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| 35. |
- Kaidalova, Julia, et al.
(author)
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Effektiv Regional e-utveckling : En forskningsutblick
- 2013
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- IT har idag en framträdande roll i många olika sammanhang i vårt samhälle. Vi blir mer och mer beroende och påverkade av olika former av IT-baserad infrastruktur i såväl vårt vardagsliv som i vår yrkesmässiga gärning. Många av de IT-baserade tjänster och möjligheter som finns idag betraktas mer och mer som en naturlig del av vårt leverne och de förutsätts mer eller minde oreflekterat som en del av en samhällelig infrastruktur. Ungefär på samma sätt som vi ser på vägnät, sophämtning, barnomsorg, utbildning etc. I takt med denna utveckling har också kommuner, landsting och myndigheter tagit konsekvenserna av de nya möjligheter och krav som ett mer IT-baserat samhälle innebär. Medborgare och enskilda tillhör alltmer en generation som är uppvuxna med IT som en naturlig del av livet och deras tröskel för att tillgodogöra sig ny teknik och ta till sig nya tillämpningar blir successivt lägre. Dagens samhälle med sina medborgare ställer krav på moderna kommuner, landsting och myndigheter och att dessa kan tillhandahålla e-tjänster av olika slag på ett sammanhållet sätt i olika värdekedjor där såväl kommuner, landsting och myndigheter utgör olika sammanlänkade delar i dessa värdekedjor. e-utveckling är därför ett område som vuxit fram som något som inte kan hanteras enskilt av kommuner, landsting och myndigheter. e-utveckling är något som för att möta framtidens krav bör göras i samverkan vilket också kommer ställa nya krav på sättet att tänka om e-utveckling, hur man organiserar sig, vad som är lämpliga affärsmodeller och hur e-utveckling skall genomföras, bara för att nämna några områden där man behöver tänka till och i vissa fall tänka helt nytt.e-tjänster och e-utveckling har i många sammanhang blivit ett konkurrensmedel och en nationell trend. Detta ställer dock också krav på såväl organisation, infrastruktur, tjänster, verksamhetsprocesser och kompetens på olika sätt. Det är inte bara en utmaning i att ha fungerande e-tjänster och IS/IT infrastruktur. Verksamhets-processer behöver anpassas och kompetensen hos personal behöver utvecklas, såväl på tjänstemannasidan som politiker. Denna kompetensutveckling handlar dock inte bara om att lära sig teknik utan, kanske framför allt, att ta till sig och utveckla nya arbetssätt, principer för samverkan och ansvarsförhållanden i värdekedjor som innefattar betydligt fler aktörer än vad man tidigare varit van vid.Det finns i dagsläget många olika initiativ på olika nivåer som på ett eller annat sätt kan betraktas som e-initiativ, se t ex ”Digitala vägen till morgondagens välfärd – handlingsplan för eSamhället 2013-2015” med en kategorisering av 32 olika e-initiativ som skall skapa ett enklare, öppnare och effektivare samhälle, se Figur 1 nedan. e-initiativ kan dessutom återfinnas på regional nivå inom och mellan kommuner, på regional nivå mellan kommuner och/eller regioner, på nationell nivå och även på EU-nivå, se t ex Digital agenda som idag finns för EU, Nationell nivå samt att den i flera fall även blivit beslutat på kommunal nivå. Till denna bild skall också tilläggas myndigheter och landsting som i olika konstellationer och på olika sätt är involverade i olika e-initiativ.Uppdraget för denna rapport avser att inom ramen för ett VINNOVA-projekt bidra med forsknings- och utvecklingsinsatser för att uppnå målet att skapa en nationell ”Guide för effektiv regional e-utveckling” (e-utvecklingsrådet, 2013). Detta innebär att denna rapport också kommer att ingå med vissa omarbetade delar i den nationella guiden.Uppdragets syfte är att kartlägga lämpliga former för samverkan inom avseende e-utveckling mellan kommuner. Resultatet av denna kartläggning, slutsatser och analyser presenteras i denna rapport och skall användas som referens till den nationella guiden.Uppdraget till högskolan har inneburit att på en övergripande nivå att bidra till en nationell vägledning genom att beskriva svårigheter och förslag till lösningar för regional e-utveckling mellan kommuner, regioner, myndigheter, landsting och medborgare.
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| 36. |
- Kaidalova, Julia, et al.
(author)
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Enterprise Modeling for Business and IT Alignment : A Framework and Recommendations
- 2017
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In: Complex Systems Informatics and Modeling Quarterly. - https://csimq-journals.rtu.lv : Rigas Tehniskas Universitate. - 2255-9922. ; :12, s. 66-85
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Eliminating the gap between business and IT within an enterprise, i.e., solving the problem of Business and IT Alignment (BITA), requires an instrument for the multidimensional analysis of an enterprise. Enterprise Modeling (EM) is a practice that supports such analysis and therefore can be used to facilitate BITA. EM serves as a tool that can capture, visualize and analyze different aspects of enterprises. This article presents a framework that describes the role of EM in the context of BITA and presents recommendations in EM for BITA.
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| 37. |
- Kaidalova, Julia, et al.
(author)
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Enterprise Modeling for Business and IT Alignment: Challenges and Recommendations
- 2014
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In: International Journal of IT - Business Alignment and Governance. - : IGI Global. - 1947-9611 .- 1947-962X. ; 5:2, s. 44-69
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In order to achieve Business and IT Alignment (BITA) it is required to capture and analyze both business and IT dimensions of enterprises. In this regard Enterprise Modeling (EM) is acknowledged as one useful mean. One of the central roles during EM is EM practitioner who drives and coordinates the EM project. Conducting EM is a highly collaborative activity that requires considerable skills and experience since EM practitioner has to deal with various challenges throughout the project. Despite a quite wide range of research, EM challenges needs to be further investigated, in particular concerning practical recommendations related to creation and usage of enterprise models. This article presents a framework with challenges and recommendations for EM that is aimed on facilitating business and IT alignment. The empirical base for the study consists of interviews with EM practitioners that have significant experience in EM.
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| 38. |
- Kaidalova, Julia, et al.
(author)
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How Digital Transformation affects Enterprise Architecture Management - a case study
- 2018
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In: International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management. - : SciKA. - 2182-7796 .- 2182-7788. ; 6:3, s. 5-18
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning, cyber-physical systems and other recent technological innovations offer new opportunities for enterprises in the context of Digital Transformation (DT) but also cause new challenges for Enterprise Architecture Management (EAM), which traditionally deals with enterprise-IT planning and coordination. Based on an industrial case of a power garden products manufacturer that is exploring potentials and facing challenges in DT, this article investigates the integration of product-IT into EAM. Product-IT includes the embedded IT-systems in physical products and services, components for operations, maintenance or evaluation purposes. In this article we discuss product-IT and enterprise-IT integration in the context of EAM observed in the industrial practice. The main contributions are (1) positioning of the product-IT in the field of EAM, and (2) identification of the challenges from real-world case regarding integration of product-IT into EAM.
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| 39. |
- Kaidalova, Julia
(author)
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Integration of Product-IT into Enterprise Architecture : a metod for participatory Business and IT Alignment
- 2019
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Enterprise Architecture (EA) is a practice for planning, representation and design of IT components and resources (Enterprise-IT) in an organization. In the context of digital transformation (DT), companies are exposed to various sorts of opportu-nities, both technological and business. Huge potential for value generation lies in Product-IT – built-in software and digital services enhancing the products, which is currently considered separately from Enterprise-IT. Integrated consideration of Product-IT and Enterprise-IT is hindered by various challenging factors, such as the mismatch between agile and traditional modes of IT development and mainte-nance, disjointed technology platforms and overall lack of methodological support to address Product-IT in a coherent way. This thesis proposes a method for Prod-uct-IT inclusive EA, which aims to support DT. The proposed method is the central artifact of the applied design science research, which was grounded and evaluated both theoretically and empirically (through literature reviews, an industrial case study and interviews). The proposed method has several parts: key concepts for product-IT inclusive EA modeling, expanding the traditional set of EA concepts; a set of focal areas to facilitate integrated modeling and analysis of Product-IT and Enterprise-IT; and a set of recommendations for participatory modeling of the pro-posed focal areas by relevant stakeholders.
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| 40. |
- Kaidalova, Julia, et al.
(author)
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Interrelations between Enterprise Modeling Focal Areas and Business and IT alignment domains
- 2015
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In: Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing 208. - : Springer. - 9783319190273 ; , s. 273-284
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Efficient support of business needs, processes and strategies by information technology is a key for successful enterprise functioning. The challenge of Business and IT Alignment (BITA) has been acknowledged and actively discussed by academics and practitioners during more than two decades. On one hand, in order to achieve BITA it is required to analyze an enterprise from multiple perspectives. On the other hand, it is also required to deal with multiple points of views of involved stakeholders and create a shared understanding between them. In relation to both of these needs EM is considered as a useful practice, as it allows representation of various focal areas of an enterprise and facilitates consensus-driven discussion between involved stakeholders. Various focal areas of an enterprise are linked to various domains that BITA include, for example, time and function focal areas from the Zachman Framework contribute to analysis of business domain of BITA. This and other interrelations are investigated in this study, which is done by conceptual positioning of Zachman’s focal areas on Information System strategy triangle and Generic Framework for Information Management.
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| 41. |
- Kaidalova, Julia, et al.
(author)
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Practical Challenges of Enterprise Modeling in the light of Business and IT Alignment
- 2012
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In: The Practice of Enterprise Modeling. - Berlin : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642345487 ; , s. 31-45
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The need to reduce a gap between organizational context and technology within enterprise has been recognized and discussed by both researchers and practitioners. In order to solve this problem it is required to capture and analyze both business and IT dimensions of enterprise operation. In this regard, Enterprise Modeling is currently considered as widely used and powerful tool that enables and facilitates alignment of business with IT. The central role of EM process is EM practitioner - a person who facilitates and drives EM project towards successful achievement of its goals. Conducting EM is a highly collaborative and nontrivial process that requires considerable skills and experience since there are various challenges to manage and to deal with during the whole EM project. Despite quite wide range of related research, the question of EM challenges needs further investigation, in particular concerning the viewpoint of EM practitioners. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to identify challenges that EM practitioners usually face during their modeling efforts taking into consideration potential influence of these challenges on successful conduct of EM and on alignment of Business and IT thereafter.
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| 42. |
- Kaidalova, Julia, et al.
(author)
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Product-IT and Enterprise-IT integration in enterprise architecture management - Methodological perspective
- 2018
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In: BIR-WS 2018 BIR Short Papers, Workshops and Doctoral Consortium. - : CEUR-WS. ; , s. 140-149
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Enterprise Architecture Management (EAM) is a practice for planning and governance of IT assets in an organization. Today, in the era of digital transformation, new digital opportunities and technological advancements are changing how companies create products and deliver services. Enormous potential for business value generation lies in product-IT - built-in software and digital services enhancing physical products. In this paper we discuss the need to approach product-IT and enterprise-IT in an integrated manner based on the findings from an exploratory case study. Particularly, we outline how to integrate these two in the context of EAM, considering the challenges that traditional EAM is facing in relation to the digital transformation. The main results of the paper are a set of high-level requirements for EAM that would enable product-IT and enterprise-IT integration. These requirements can serve as a basis for future development of methodological support in the outlined context.
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| 43. |
- Kaidalova, Julia, et al.
(author)
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Product-IT Inclusive Enterprise Architecture Management : An Approach Based on Ecosystems, Customer Journey and Data-Driven Business Opportunities
- 2021
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In: Complex Systems Informatics and Modeling Quarterly. - : Riga Technical University. - 2255-9922. ; :26, s. 1-25
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Products have evolved from being solely composed of mechanical and electrical parts to complex systems that are connected to the Internet and form the basis for new kinds of functionalities and services. Such smart connected products include a substantial amount of software and information technology which can be called the “product-IT”. Enterprise architecture (EA) management is an established function in enterprises providing methods and tools for a systematic alignment of business and IT in an organization. However, EA models capture the details of business, information and technology architecture of an enterprise (i.e., the enterprise-IT) but usually do not include the product-IT. When value creation and delivery in an enterprise’s business model also includes the product-IT, a product-IT inclusive view on EA urgently is required. The focus of this article is the methodical support for integration of product-IT and enterprise-IT using enterprise architectures. The main contributions in this article are the conceptual expansion of EA management to become product-IT inclusive that is manifested in a proposal for an extended EA meta-model, and an approach and method components to handle product-IT inclusive EAM.
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| 44. |
- Kaidalova, Julia, et al.
(author)
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Semantic Web Technologies in Business and IT Alignment : Multi-Model Algorithm of Ontology Matching
- 2013
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In: Fifth International Conference on Advances in Future Internet (AFIN 2013). - : Curran Associates, Inc.. - 9781629930619 ; , s. 50-57
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The importance of using appropriate and effective IT means to facilitate business functions have been acknowledged and discussed by practitioners and scientists over the past two decades thus giving a rise to the Business and IT alignment (BITA) problem. In BITA, the issue of sharing and processing large amounts of information from distributed and heterogeneous sources is of significant importance. Ontologies have shown their usability for this type of tasks. However, they also bring new challenges. The paper proposes utilising of the Semantic Web technologies to assist in solving them. Namely, the paper describes application and adaptation of the ontology matching algorithm for the BITA problem. The algorithm integrates different matching models. Its operation is shown via an illustrative example.
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| 45. |
- Kaidalova, Julia
(author)
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Towards a definition of the role of enterprise modeling in the context of business and IT alignment
- 2015
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In order to solve a problem of Business and IT Alignment (BITA) it is important to consider various dimensions of it: strategic, structural, social and cultural. In the context of dealing with BITA, Enterprise Modeling (EM) is an acknowledged and widely used practice. On one hand, EM facilitates the creation of integrated models that capture and represent different focal areas of an enterprise, there-fore it allowing to obtain a multidimensional view on an enterprise and to inte-grate these multiple dimensions into a coherent structure. These capabilities make EM a powerful tool for dealing with the strategic and structural dimen-sions of BITA. On the other hand, solving a BITA problem requires dealing with the numerous points of view of the stakeholders and creating a shared under-standing between them, which refers to the social and cultural dimensions of BITA. In this regard EM is also able to provide support to the development of an understanding about the current multidimensional praxis and future vision and strategies. Thus, EM has a high potential for dealing with the strategic, structur-al, social and cultural dimensions of BITA. This licentiate thesis investigates the applicability of EM in the light of BITA and proposes a framework that allocates intentions of EM application within the frame of the Strategic Alignment Model. The framework positions EM conceptually in the context of BITA and identifies a number of EM challenges and recommendations to suggest how EM can be used to facilitate BITA.
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| 46. |
- Kaidalova, Julia, et al.
(author)
-
Towards Guiding the Use of Enterprise Modeling in the Context of Business and IT Alignment
- 2015
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In: The Practice of Enterprise Modeling. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319258973 - 9783319258966 ; , s. 11-26
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Today’s dynamic business environment presents enterprises that wish to stay competitive with a great challenge. This is further complicated by rapidly advancing IT capabilities and the crucial role that IT plays in most organizations - a backbone for realizing visions and goals. The problem of eliminating the gap between business and IT within enterprises, i.e. the problem of Business and IT Alignment (BITA), has been acknowledged as a contemporary challenge and actively elaborated by academics and practitioners. One practice that is used to facilitate BITA is Enterprise Modeling (EM), which is considered as a catalyzing practice for capturing, visualizing and analyzing different aspects of enterprises.This paper presents a framework that illustrates the role of EM in the context of BITA and suggests recommendations to deal with EM challenges.
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| 47. |
- Kaidalova, Julia, et al.
(author)
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Towards guiding the use of enterprise modeling in the context of business and IT alignment
- 2015
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In: 8th IFIP WG 8.1. Working Conference, PoEM 2015 Valencia, Spain, November 10–12, 2015.. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319258966 - 9783319258973 ; , s. 11-26
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Today’s dynamic business environment presents enterprises that wishto stay competitive with a great challenge. This is further complicated by rapidlyadvancing IT capabilities and the crucial role that IT plays in most organizations -a backbone for realizing visions and goals. The problem of eliminating the gapbetween business and IT within enterprises, i.e. the problem of Business and ITAlignment (BITA), has been acknowledged as a contemporary challenge andactively elaborated by academics and practitioners. One practice that is used tofacilitate BITA is Enterprise Modeling (EM), which is considered as a catalyzingpractice for capturing, visualizing and analyzing different aspects of enterprises.This paper presents a framework that illustrates the role of EM in the context ofBITA and suggests recommendations to deal with EM challenges.
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| 48. |
- Karltun, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Process Redesign and Organisational Change : Towards the use of an Integrated Change Method
- 1999
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In: Proceedings of the International Conference on TQM and Human Factors. - Linköping : Centre for Studies of Humans, Technology and Organization (CMTO), Univ.. - 9172195193 ; , s. 1008-
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The problem of finding appropriate ways to organise and design organisational change processes, and especially their initial phases, is the main question behind this paper. It is argued that a methodological approach is advantageous by guiding the process towards efficiency and effectiveness. The theoretical base for such a method is described concerning change and method theory. Two methods deriving from perspectives of process redesign, quality, ergonomics and organisational theory were integrated. The resulting method was verified in three case studies, concerning change process and method use. The results show that integration of perspectives, situational adaptability, an unbiased initial problem attitude, and a change initiating co-operation between change agent and organisation could be achieved. The developed theory and work structures are advantageous in guiding and legitimising the change process. The work procedures ensure participation and enable both top-down and bottom-up generated improvements to be emphasised.
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| 49. |
- Karltun, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Production planning and information flow in a business process context – experiences from change projects in SMEs
- 1999
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In: Proceedings of the International conference on TQM and Human Factors. - 9172195193 ; , s. 2:158-163
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes and evaluates experiences of applying a business process perspective as a part of a change project in three different enterprises, especially with respect to improvements in production planning and information flow activities. The business process modelling gives a detailed and structured understanding of the relations between the business processes and the problems in the enterprise, problems that include quality and employee work conditions. The results indicate that the modelling of the processes provides the enterprises with more complete but simple and understandable images of the business, where the business process perspective accentuates a customer focus and a tight integration between production and sales. The perspective can be used to develop the understanding of the relations between the activities of strategic planning, the daily planning and scheduling of the production, and the personal planning of the single employee. The individuals’ working situation can be improved when the understanding of, and the possibilities to affect the own and others role in relation to the rest of the organisation are increased.
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| 50. |
- Khademhosseinieh, Banafsheh, 1981-, et al.
(author)
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AN EVALUATION OF ENTERPRISE MODELLING METHODS IN THE LIGHT OF BUSINESS AND IT ALIGNMENT
- 2011
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In: ICEIS 2011 - Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, Volume 4, Beijing, China, 8-11 June, 2011. - China- Beijing. - 9789898425560 ; , s. 479-484
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- All organisations have to keep improving different aspects of their business in order to survive in their businessarea. This improvement can be done in different ways, including as business and IT alignment. There existdifferent ways of performing business and IT alignment, such as applying EMMs. Enterprise Modelling (EM)is an area that has been built up with the intention of improving business practice and management. AnEnterprise Modelling Method (EMM) is a systematic way of building models that are to be used for planningimprovements. For this purpose, it is needed to make an evaluation of methods capabilities in supportingbusiness and IT alignment. According to all above, the results of this paper include a list of EMMs that areapplicable in business and IT alignment.
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