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- Semb, G, et al.
(author)
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Erratum
- 2017
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In: Journal of plastic surgery and hand surgery. - 2000-6764. ; 51:2, s. 158-158
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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- Adewumi, Oluseun, et al.
(author)
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Characterization of human embryonic stem cell lines by the International Stem Cell Initiative
- 2007
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In: Nature Biotechnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1087-0156 .- 1546-1696. ; 25:7, s. 803-816
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The International Stem Cell Initiative characterized 59 human embryonic stem cell lines from 17 laboratories worldwide. Despite diverse genotypes and different techniques used for derivation and maintenance, all lines exhibited similar expression patterns for several markers of human embryonic stem cells. They expressed the glycolipid antigens SSEA3 and SSEA4, the keratan sulfate antigens TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, GCTM2 and GCT343, and the protein antigens CD9, Thy1 (also known as CD90), tissue- nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and class 1 HLA, as well as the strongly developmentally regulated genes NANOG, POU5F1 (formerly known as OCT4), TDGF1, DNMT3B, GABRB3 and GDF3. Nevertheless, the lines were not identical: differences in expression of several lineage markers were evident, and several imprinted genes showed generally similar allele-specific expression patterns, but some gene-dependent variation was observed. Also, some female lines expressed readily detectable levels of XIST whereas others did not. No significant contamination of the lines with mycoplasma, bacteria or cytopathic viruses was detected.
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- Agca, R., et al.
(author)
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EULAR recommendations for cardiovascular disease risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory joint disorders: 2015/2016 update
- 2017
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In: Ann Rheum Dis. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 76:1, s. 17-28
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory joint disorders (IJD) have increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk compared with the general population. In 2009, the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) taskforce recommended screening, identification of CVD risk factors and CVD risk management largely based on expert opinion. In view of substantial new evidence, an update was conducted with the aim of producing CVD risk management recommendations for patients with IJD that now incorporates an increasing evidence base. A multidisciplinary steering committee (representing 13 European countries) comprised 26 members including patient representatives, rheumatologists, cardiologists, internists, epidemiologists, a health professional and fellows. Systematic literature searches were performed and evidence was categorised according to standard guidelines. The evidence was discussed and summarised by the experts in the course of a consensus finding and voting process. Three overarching principles were defined. First, there is a higher risk for CVD in patients with RA, and this may also apply to ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. Second, the rheumatologist is responsible for CVD risk management in patients with IJD. Third, the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids should be in accordance with treatment-specific recommendations from EULAR and Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society. Ten recommendations were defined, of which one is new and six were changed compared with the 2009 recommendations. Each designated an appropriate evidence support level. The present update extends on the evidence that CVD risk in the whole spectrum of IJD is increased. This underscores the need for CVD risk management in these patients. These recommendations are defined to provide assistance in CVD risk management in IJD, based on expert opinion and scientific evidence.
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- Bannister, P., et al.
(author)
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Scandcleft randomised trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: 3. Descriptive study of postoperative nursing care following first stage cleft closure
- 2017
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In: Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2000-656X .- 2000-6764. ; 51:1, s. 21-26
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Cleft lip and palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies requiring surgical treatment in children, normally commenced in the first year of life. Following the initiation of a group of multicentre surgical trials of primary surgery, variations in postoperative recovery and management became apparent. An agreement was made for a nurse-led survey in eight surgical centres to document postoperative care and recovery. Materials and methods: A postoperative recovery clinical report form was developed to capture relevant data for the children participating in the four arms of the trials. This included the age and weight at admission, the postoperative recovery setting, pain management, postoperative feeding, post-operative complications, and length of hospital stay. Results: Four hundred and three nursing forms from the first surgical procedure were returned for analysis. Differences in important aspects of care such as postoperative analgesia and postoperative feeding were evident. Postoperative care was influenced by local custom and practice, as little firm clinical evidence exists to guide optimal management. Conclusion: Postoperative recovery may play a significant role in the future selection of surgical protocols, and future trials need to consider cross-study site training to familiarise nurses, prior to any changes in surgical methods.
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- Rizell, Sara, 1963, et al.
(author)
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Scandcleft randomized trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: dental anomalies in 8-year olds
- 2020
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In: European Journal of Orthodontics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0141-5387 .- 1460-2210. ; 42:1, s. 8-14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Children born with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) are reported to display several dental anomalies including agenesis, supernumeraries, as well as variations in dental size, shape, and path of eruption. The extensive sample of individuals with UCLP included in the Scandcleft randomized control trials offers the opportunity to study more rare conditions, which is seldom possible with limited samples. Objectives: The aim was to study dental anomalies at 8 years of age in children born with UCLP included in the Scandcleft randomized control trials. Methods: Panoramic and intraoral radiographs from 425 individuals (279 males and 146 females) with a mean age of 8.1 years were assessed by four orthodontists regarding dental anomalies. Results: Agenesis was found in 52.5 per cent and supernumerary teeth in 16.9 per cent of the participants. The cleft lateral was missing in 43.8 per cent and was found peg shaped in 44.7 per cent.The distribution of ectopic eruption was 14.6 per cent, mainly affecting maxillary first molars, while transposition was found in 3.4 per cent of the individuals. In addition, infraocclusion of one or several primary molars was registered in 7.2 per cent of the participants. Conclusion: We conclude that 8-year-old children born with UCLP display multiple dental anomalies. The Scandcleft sample allowed rarely studied conditions such as infraocclusion of primary molars and transposition to be studied in children born with UCLP.
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- Semb, Anne Grete, et al.
(author)
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Diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: An international audit
- 2021
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In: RMD Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2056-5933. ; 7:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: The objective was to examine the prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and its risk factors among patients with RA with diabetes mellitus (RA-DM) and patients with RA without diabetes mellitus (RAwoDM), and to evaluate lipid and blood pressure (BP) goal attainment in RA-DM and RAwoDM in primary and secondary prevention.Methods: The cohort was derived from the Survey of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis from 53 centres/19 countries/3 continents during 2014-2019. We evaluated the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among RA-DM and RAwoDM. The study population was divided into those with and without ASCVD, and within these groups we compared risk factors and CVD preventive treatment between RA-DM and RAwoDM.Results: The study population comprised of 10 543 patients with RA, of whom 1381 (13%) had DM. ASCVD was present in 26.7% in RA-DM compared with 11.6% RAwoDM (p<0.001). The proportion of patients with a diagnosis of hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and use of lipid-lowering or antihypertensive agents was higher among RA-DM than RAwoDM (p<0.001 for all). The majority of patients with ASCVD did not reach the lipid goal of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol <1.8 mmol/L. The lipid goal attainment was statistically and clinically significantly higher in RA-DM compared with RAwoDM both for patients with and without ASCVD. The systolic BP target of <140 mm Hg was reached by the majority of patients, and there were no statistically nor clinically significant differences in attainment of BP targets between RA-DM and RAwoDM.Conclusion: CVD preventive medication use and prevalence of ASCVD were higher in RA-DM than in RAwoDM, and lipid goals were also more frequently obtained in RA-DM. Lessons may be learnt from CVD prevention programmes in DM to clinically benefit patients with RA.
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- Kvien, TK, et al.
(author)
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Considerations for improving quality of care of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and associated comorbidities
- 2020
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In: RMD open. - : BMJ. - 2056-5933. ; 6:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder with a global prevalence of approximately 0.5–1%. Patients with RA are at an increased risk of developing comorbidities (eg, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, diabetes and depression). Despite this, there are limited recommendations for the management and implementation of associated comorbidities. This study aimed to identify good practice interventions in the care of RA and associated comorbidities.MethodsA combination of primary research (180+ interviews with specialists across 12 European rheumatology centres) and secondary research (literature review of existing publications and guidelines/recommendations) were used to identify challenges in management and corresponding good practice interventions. Findings were prioritised and reviewed by a group of 18 rheumatology experts including rheumatologists, comorbidity experts, a patient representative and a highly specialised nurse.ResultsChallenges throughout the patient pathway (including delays in diagnosis and referral, shortage of rheumatologists, limited awareness of primary care professionals) and 18 good practice interventions were identified in the study. The expert group segmented and prioritised interventions according to three distinct stages of the disease: (1) suspected RA, (2) recent diagnosis of RA and (3) established RA. Examples of good practice interventions included enabling self-management (self-monitoring and disease management support, for example, lifestyle adaptations); early arthritis clinic; rapid access to care (online referral, triage, ultrasound-guided diagnosis); dedicated comorbidity specialists; enhanced communication with primary care (hotline, education sessions); and integrating patient registries into daily clinical practice.ConclusionLearning from implementation of good practice interventions in centres across Europe provides an opportunity to more widely improved care for patients with RA and associated comorbidities.
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- Lindberg, C A, et al.
(author)
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Total desmosines in plasma and urine correlate with lung function.
- 2011
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In: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To evaluate the relationship between the matrix degradation biomarkers, desmosine and isodesmosine (desmosines), and lung function.Plasma and creatinine-corrected urinary total desmosines (P- and U-desmosines), lung function and carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DL,CO) were measured in a cohort of subjects from the Swedish Twin Registry.Concentrations of U- and P-desmosines were measured in 349 and 318 subjects, respectively; approximately one-third of subjects had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Age, female gender, body mass index (BMI) and smoking were significantly associated with U-desmosines in a multiple linear regression analysis. In the overall population, after adjustments for age, gender, height, BMI and smoking, concentrations of U-desmosines were significantly correlated with all lung function measures, and P-desmosines with forced expiratory volume in 1 s and DL,CO (P<0.05). With the exception of residual volume versus P-desmosines, relationships between concentrations of desmosines and lung function measures were markedly stronger in subjects with COPD compared with those without COPD.These cross-sectional data showing associations between desmosines and several lung function variables suggest that desmosines, particularly U-desmosines, could be a useful biomarker of COPD status.
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- Semb, G, et al.
(author)
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An Analytical Study of a Composite Dove Tail Joint
- 2003
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In: Journal of Composite Materials. - 0021-9983. ; 37:2, s. 99-109
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper a simple analytical model for determining the elastic fields in a so called dovetail joint is developed. The model is restricted to joints having a small wedge angle. With some simplifying assumptions regarding for example the mechanical behaviour of the wedge material, the elastic fields can be expressed in terms of convergent polynomial series. Two situations in which closed form solutions exists are identified: (a) when the lateral contraction of the laminates can be ignored, the laminate displacement is obtained in closed form in terms of Bessel functions, whereas (b): when the wedge can be considered to be rigid, it is obtained in terms of exponential functions. Finally, some numerical examples regarding contact pressure, stress distribution and stiffness are presented.
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- Semb, G., et al.
(author)
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Stresses and Strains in a Race Track Strap with a radical clearance
- 2002
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In: International Journal of Solids and Structures. - 0020-7683 .- 1879-2146. ; 39:3, s. 699-708
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In certain situations it is desirable to transfer only tensile loads between two points in a structure whilst minimising any stress concentrations. In such circumstances a so-called race track starp can be utilised. The strap consists of two semi-circular elements that transfer the load, from bolts at each end, to two parallel flexible elements joining the whole together. The strap is loaded in tension by means of these bolts. This paper considers the situation where there is clearance between the bolts and the semi-circular elements of the strap. To develop an analytical model, it is assumed that engineering beam theory is applicable, that the influence of the membrane strains can be ignored and that the clearance is small as compared with the bolt and strap radii. It was found that the simple analytical model compared well with both finite element calculations and experiments.
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- Shaw, W, et al.
(author)
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Timing Of Primary Surgery for cleft palate (TOPS): protocol for a randomised trial of palate surgery at 6 months versus 12 months of age
- 2019
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In: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 9:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction Cleft palate is among the most common birth abnormalities. The success of primary surgery in the early months of life is crucial for successful feeding, speech, hearing, dental development and facial growth. Over recent decades, age at palatal surgery in infancy has reduced. This has led to palatal closure in one-stage procedures being carried out around the age of 12 months, but in some cases as early as 6 months. The primary objective of the Timing Of Primary Surgery for Cleft Palate (TOPS)trial is to determine whether surgery for cleft palate performed at 6 or 12 months of age is most beneficial for speech outcomes. Methods and analysis Infants with a diagnosis of non-syndromic isolated cleft palate will be randomised to receive standardised primary surgery (Sommerlad technique) for closure of the cleft at either 6 months or 12 months, corrected for gestational age. The primary outcome will be perceived insufficient velopharyngeal function at 5 years of age. Secondary outcomes measured across 12 months, 3 years and 5 years will include growth, safety of the procedure, dentofacial development, speech, hearing level and middle ear function. Video and audio recordings of speech will be collected in a standardised age-appropriate manner and analysed independently by multiple speech and language therapists. The trial aims to recruit and follow-up 300 participants per arm. Data will be analysed according to the intention-to-treat principle using a 5% significance level. All analyses will be prespecified within a full and detailed statistical analysis plan. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval has been sought in each participating country according to country-specific procedures. Trial results will be presented at conferences, published in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated through relevant patient support groups.
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- Willadsen, E., et al.
(author)
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Scandcleft randomized trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: Speech proficiency at 10 years of age
- 2023
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In: International journal of language and communication disorders. - : WILEY. - 1368-2822 .- 1460-6984. ; 58:3, s. 892-909
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background & AimTo assess consonant proficiency and velopharyngeal function in 10-year-old children born with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) within the Scandcleft project. Methods & ProceduresThree parallel group, randomized, clinical trials were undertaken as an international multicentre study by nine cleft teams in five countries. Three different surgical protocols for primary palate repair (Arm B-Lip and soft palate closure at 3-4 months, hard palate closure at 36 months, Arm C-Lip closure at 3-4 months, hard and soft palate closure at 12 months, and Arm D-Lip closure at 3-4 months combined with a single-layer closure of the hard palate using a vomer flap, soft palate closure at 12 months) were tested against a common procedure (Arm A-Lip and soft palate closure at 3-4 months followed by hard palate closure at 12 months) in the total cohort of 431 children born with a non-syndromic UCLP. Speech audio and video recordings of 399 children were available and perceptually analysed. Percentage of consonants correct (PCC) from a naming test, an overall rating of velopharyngeal competence (VPC) (VPC-Rate), and a composite measure (VPC-Sum) were reported. Outcomes & ResultsThe mean levels of consonant proficiency (PCC score) in the trial arms were 86-92% and between 58% and 83% of the children had VPC (VPC-Sum). Only 50-73% of the participants had a consonant proficiency level with their peers. Girls performed better throughout. Long delay of the hard palate repair (Arm B) indicated lower PCC and simultaneous hard and soft palate closure higher (Arm C). However, the proportion of participants with primary VPC (not including velopharyngeal surgeries) was highest in Arm B (68%) and lowest in Arm C (47%). Conclusions & ImplicationsThe speech outcome in terms of PCC and VPC was low across the trials. The different protocols had their pros and cons and there is no obvious evidence to recommend any of the protocols as superior. Aspects other than primary surgical method, such as time after velopharyngeal surgery, surgical experience, hearing level, language difficulties and speech therapy, need to be thoroughly reviewed for a better understanding of what has affected speech outcome at 10 years. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDSWhat is already known on the subjectSpeech outcomes at 10 years of age in children treated for UCLP are sparse and contradictory. Previous studies have examined speech outcomes and the relationship with surgical intervention in 5-year-olds. What this study adds to the existing knowledgeSpeech outcomes based on standardized assessment in a large group of 10-year-old children born with UCLP and surgically treated according to different protocols are presented. While speech therapy had been provided, a large proportion of the children across treatment protocols still needed further speech therapy. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?Aspects other than surgery and speech function might add to the understanding of what affects speech outcome. Effective speech therapy should be available for children in addition to primary surgical repair of the cleft and secondary surgeries if needed.
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