| 1. |
- Anker, A., et al.
(author)
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Neutrino vertex reconstruction with in-ice radio detectors using surface reflections and implications for the neutrino energy resolution
- 2019
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In: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 1475-7516. ; :11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ultra high energy neutrinos (E-nu >10(16.5) eV) are efficiently measured via radio signals following a neutrino interaction in ice. An antenna placed O(15 m) below the ice surface will measure two signals for the vast majority of events (90% at E-nu = 10(18) eV): a direct pulse and a second delayed pulse from a reflection off the ice surface. This allows for a unique identification of neutrinos against backgrounds arriving from above. Furthermore, the time delay between the direct and reflected signal (D'n'R) correlates with the distance to the neutrino interaction vertex, a crucial quantity to determine the neutrino energy. In a simulation study, we derive the relation between time delay and distance and study the corresponding experimental uncertainties in estimating neutrino energies. We find that the resulting contribution to the energy resolution is well below the natural limit set by the unknown inelasticity in the initial neutrino interaction. We present an in-situ measurement that proves the experimental feasibility of this technique. Continuous monitoring of the local snow accumulation in the vicinity of the transmit and receive antennas using this technique provide a precision of O(1mm) in surface elevation, which is much better than that needed to apply the D'n'R technique to neutrinos.
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| 2. |
- Anker, A., et al.
(author)
-
A search for cosmogenic neutrinos with the ARIANNA test bed using 4.5 years of data
- 2020
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In: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 1475-7516. ; :3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The primary mission of the ARIANNA ultra-high energy neutrino telescope is to uncover astrophysical sources of neutrinos with energies greater than 10(16) eV. A pilot array, consisting of seven ARIANNA stations located on the surface of the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica, was commissioned in November 2014. We report on the search for astrophysical neutrinos using data collected between November 2014 and February 2019. A straight-forward template matching analysis yielded no neutrino candidates, with a signal efficiency of 79%. We find a 90% confidence upper limit on the diffuse neutrino flux of E-2 Phi = 1.7 x 10(-6) GeV cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1) for a decade wide logarithmic bin centered at a neutrino energy of 10(18),eV, which is an order of magnitude improvement compared to the previous limit reported by the ARIANNA collaboration. The ARIANNA stations, including purpose built cosmic-ray stations at the Moore's Bay site and demonstrator stations at the South Pole, have operated reliably. Sustained operation at two distinct sites confirms that the flexible and adaptable architecture can be deployed in any deep ice, radio quiet environment. We show that the scientific capabilities, technical innovations, and logistical requirements of ARIANNA are sufficiently well understood to serve as the basis for large area radio-based neutrino telescope with a wide field-of-view.
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| 3. |
- Anker, A., et al.
(author)
-
Targeting ultra-high energy neutrinos with the ARIANNA experiment
- 2019
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In: Advances in Space Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0273-1177 .- 1879-1948. ; 64:12, s. 2595-2609
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The measurement of ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrinos (E > 10(16) eV) opens a new field of astronomy with the potential to reveal the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays especially if combined with observations in the electromagnetic spectrum and gravitational waves. The ARIANNA pilot detector explores the detection of UHE neutrinos with a surface array of independent radio detector stations in Antarctica which allows for a cost-effective instrumentation of large volumes. Twelve stations are currently operating successfully at the Moore's Bay site (Ross Ice Shelf) in Antarctica and at the South Pole. We will review the current state of ARIANNA and its main results. We report on a newly developed wind generator that successfully operates in the harsh Antarctic conditions and powers the station for a substantial time during the dark winter months. The robust ARIANNA surface architecture, combined with environmentally friendly solar and wind power generators, can be installed at any deep ice location on the planet and operated autonomously. We report on the detector capabilities to determine the neutrino direction by reconstructing the signal arrival direction of a 800 m deep calibration pulser, and the reconstruction of the signal polarization using the more abundant cosmic-ray air showers. Finally, we describe a large-scale design - ARIA - that capitalizes on the successful experience of the ARIANNA operation and is designed sensitive enough to discover the first UHF neutrino.
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| 4. |
- Barwick, S. W., et al.
(author)
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Radio detection of air showers with the ARIANNA experiment on the Ross Ice Shelf
- 2017
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In: Astroparticle physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-6505 .- 1873-2852. ; 90, s. 50-68
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ARIANNA hexagonal radio array (HRA) is an experiment in its pilot phase designed to detect cosmogenic neutrinos of energies above 10(16) eV. The most neutrino-like background stems from the radio emission of air showers. This article reports on dedicated efforts of simulating and detecting the signals of cosmic rays. A description of the fully radio self-triggered data-set, the properties of the detected air shower signals in the frequency range of 100-500 MHz and the consequences for neutrino detection are given. 38 air shower signals are identified by their distinct waveform characteristics, are in good agreement with simulations and their signals provide evidence that neutrino-induced radio signals will be distinguishable with high efficiency in ARIANNA. The cosmic ray flux at a mean energy of 6.5(-1.0)(+1.2) x 10(17) eV is measured to be 1.1(-0.7)(+1.0) x 10(-16) eV(-1) km(-2) sr(-1) yr(-1) and one five-fold coincident event is used to illustrate the capabilities of the ARIANNA detector to reconstruct arrival direction and energy of air showers.
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