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- Biswal, Ajaya K., et al.
(author)
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Aspen pectate lyase PtxtPL1-27 mobilizes matrix polysaccharides from woody tissues and improves saccharification yield
- 2014
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In: Biotechnology for Biofuels. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1754-6834. ; 7, s. 11-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Wood cell walls are rich in cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Hence, they are important sources of renewable biomass for producing energy and green chemicals. However, extracting desired constituents from wood efficiently poses significant challenges because these polymers are highly cross-linked in cell walls and are not easily accessible to enzymes and chemicals. Results: We show that aspen pectate lyase PL1-27, which degrades homogalacturonan and is expressed at the onset of secondary wall formation, can increase the solubility of wood matrix polysaccharides. Overexpression of this enzyme in aspen increased solubility of not only pectins but also xylans and other hemicelluloses, indicating that homogalacturonan limits the solubility of major wood cell wall components. Enzymatic saccharification of wood obtained from PL1-27-overexpressing trees gave higher yields of pentoses and hexoses than similar treatment of wood from wild-type trees, even after acid pretreatment. Conclusions: Thus, the modification of pectins may constitute an important biotechnological target for improved wood processing despite their low abundance in woody biomass.
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| 4. |
- Das, D. K., et al.
(author)
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Scratch adhesion testing of plasma-sprayed yttria-stabilized zirconia coatings
- 1991
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In: Surface and Coatings Technology. ; 46:3, s. 331-345
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The suitability of scratch adhesion testing, usually used for determining the critical load for thin hard coatings like TiC and TiN, in characterizing plasma-sprayed yttria-stabilized zirconia coatings is demonstrated. The effects of loading rate and scratching speed on the critical load of these sprayed coatings were studied. Although some peculiarities in acoustic signal-load plot were observed at high values of loading rate and scratching speed, it was found that these intrinsic parameters, at low and medium values, do not have any prominent effect on the critical load. © 1991.
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| 5. |
- Di Fatta, G., et al.
(author)
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Preface
- 2011
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In: IEEE International Conference on Data Mining. Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1550-4786. ; , s. xlviii-xlvix
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 9. |
- Prema, M., et al.
(author)
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NEW RECORD OF THE SWIMMING CRAB CHARYBDIS (ARCHIAS) HONGKONGENSIS SHEN, 1934 (BRACHYURA, PORTUNIDAE) FROM INDIA
- 2021
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In: Crustaceana. - : Brill. - 0011-216X .- 1568-5403. ; 94:11-12, s. 1335-1343
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Charybdis (Archias) hongkongensis Shen, 1934 was collected from the Indian coast of the Bay of Bengal and this is the first record from Indian waters. The distinct key characters of this species are: a relatively more produced last antero-lateral tooth, strongly convergent postero-lateral margins, and a smooth, rounded, reduced apex of the male first gonopod. This is the ninth member of Charybdis (Archias) Alcock, 1899 from Indian waters. The species is diagnosed and figured herein.
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| 11. |
- Sivakumar, Bellie, et al.
(author)
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Catchment classification framework in hydrology: challenges and directions
- 2015
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In: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering. - 1084-0699. ; 20:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The past few decades have witnessed the development of numerous catchment models, often with increasing structural complexity and mathematical sophistication. While such models have certainly provided a better understanding of catchments and associated processes, they are also often catchment-specific, region-specific, or process-specific. Serious concerns on this modeling trend have been increasingly raised in recent times and, consequently, the need for a generic catchment classification framework in hydrology has been emphasized. There have indeed been some attempts to advance the idea of such a classification framework. Such studies have investigated different ways of developing a framework, including river morphology, river regimes, hydroclimatic factors, landscape and land use parameters, hydrologic similarity indexes, hydrologic signatures, ecohydrologic factors, geostatistical properties, entropy, nonlinear and chaotic properties, data mining, and other relevant characteristics and methods. Although useful in their own ways, these studies are largely inadequate for a generic classification framework. In addition to the limitations that exist in each of the different forms, a coherent effort to bring these disparate forms together for a workable classification is also missing. This study highlights the challenges that the existing approaches pose in the development of a generic classification framework. It argues for an appropriate basis, a suitable methodology, and key components for such a framework. In particular, it discusses the vital role of system complexity as an appropriate basis for the classification framework and the potential of nonlinear dynamics, networks, and other modern concepts of complex systems science for assessing system complexity. The study also offers a three-step procedure for formulation and verification of a catchment classification framework.
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| 12. |
- Sivakumar, B., et al.
(author)
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Dynamics of monthly rainfall-runoff process at the Göta basin : A search for chaos
- 2000
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In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1027-5606 .- 1607-7938. ; 4:3, s. 407-417
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sivakumar et al. (2000a), by employing the correlation dimension method, provided preliminary evidence of the existence of chaos in the monthly rainfall-runoff process at the Göta basin in Sweden. The present study verifies and supports the earlier results and strengthens such evidence. The study analyses the monthly rainfall, runoff and runoff coefficient series using the nonlinear prediction method, and the presence of chaos is investigated through an inverse approach, i.e. identifying chaos from the results of the prediction. The presence of an optimal embedding dimension (the embedding dimension with the best prediction accuracy) for each of the three series indicates the existence of chaos in the rainfall-runoff process, providing additional support to the results obtained using the correlation dimension method. The reasonably good predictions achieved, particularly for the runoff series, suggest that the dynamics of the rainfall-runoff process could be understood from a chaotic perspective. The predictions are also consistent with the correlation dimension results obtained in the earlier study, i.e. higher prediction accuracy for series with a lower dimension and vice-versa, so that the correlation dimension method can indeed be used as a preliminary indicator of chaos. However, the optimal embedding dimensions obtained from the prediction method are considerably less than the minimum dimensions essential to embed the attractor, as obtained by the correlation dimension method. A possible explanation for this could be the presence of noise in the series, since the effects of noise at higher embedding dimensions could be significantly greater than that at lower embedding dimensions.
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| 13. |
- Vangeti, Sindhu, 1989-, et al.
(author)
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Serum Fc-Mediated Monocyte Phagocytosis Activity Is Stable for Several Months after SARS-CoV-2 Asymptomatic and Mildly Symptomatic Infection
- 2022
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In: Microbiology Spectrum. - : American Society for Microbiology. - 2165-0497. ; 10:6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We investigated the temporal profile of multiple components of the serological response after asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, in a cohort of 67 previously SARS-CoV-2 naive young adults, up to 8.5 months after infection. We found a significant decrease of spike IgG and neutralization antibody titers from early (11 to 56 days) to late (4 to 8.5 months) time points postinfection. Over the study period, S1-specific IgG levels declined significantly faster than that of the S2-specific IgG. Further, serum antibodies from PCR-confirmed participants cross-recognized S2, but not S1, of the betacoronaviruses HKU1 and OC43, suggesting a greater degree of cross-reactivity of S2 among betacoronaviruses. Antibody-Dependent Natural Killer cell Activation (ADNKA) was detected at the early time point but significantly decreased at the late time point. Induction of serum Antibody-Dependent Monocyte Phagocytosis (ADMP) was detected in all the infected participants, and its levels remained stable over time. Additionally, a reduced percentage of participants had detectable neutralizing activity against the Beta (50%), Gamma (61 to 67%), and Delta (90 to 94%) variants, both early and late postinfection, compared to the ancestral strain (100%). Antibody binding to S1 and RBD of Beta, Gamma, Delta (1.7 to 2.3-fold decrease), and Omicron (10 to 16-fold decrease) variants was also significantly reduced compared to the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain. Overall, we found variable temporal profiles of specific components and functionality of the serological response to SARS-CoV-2 in young adults, which is characterized by lasting, but decreased, neutralizing activity and antibody binding to S1, stable ADMP activity, and relatively stable S2-specific IgG levels.
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