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- Marcusson-Clavertz, David, et al.
(author)
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A daily diary study on maladaptive daydreaming, mind wandering, and sleep disturbances : Examining within-person and between-persons relations
- 2019
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In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 14:11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cross-sectional and experimental research have shown that task-unrelated thoughts (i.e., mind wandering) relate to sleep disturbances, but there is little research on whether this association generalizes to the day-level and other kinds of task-unrelated mentation. We employed a longitudinal daily diary design to examine the within-person and between-person associations between three self-report instruments measuring mind wandering, maladaptive daydreaming (a condition characterized by having elaborate fantasy daydreams so insistent that they interfere with daily functioning) and sleep disturbances. A final sample of 126 participants self-identified as experiencing maladaptive daydreaming completed up to 8 consecutive daily reports (in total 869 daily observations). The scales showed acceptable-to-excellent within-person reliability (i.e., systematic day-to-day change) and excellent between-person reliability. The proportion of between-person variance was 36% for sleep disturbances, 57% for mind wandering, and 75% for maladaptive daydreaming, respectively (the remaining being stochastic and systematic within-person variance). Contrary to our pre-registered hypothesis, maladaptive daydreaming did not significantly predict sleep disturbances the following night, B = -0.00 (SE = 0.04), p =.956. Exploratory analyses indicated that while nightly sleep disturbances predicted mind wandering the following day, B = 0.20 (SE = 0.04), p <.001, it did not significantly predict maladaptive daydreaming the following day, B = -0.04 (SE = 0.05), p =.452. Moreover, daily mind wandering did not significantly predict sleep disturbances the following night, B = 0.02 (SE = 0.05), p =.731. All variables correlated at the between-person level. We discuss the implications concerning the differences between maladaptive daydreaming and mind wandering and the possibility of targeting sleep for mind wandering interventions.
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| 2. |
- Somer, Eli, et al.
(author)
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Reality shifting: psychological features of an emergent online daydreaming culture
- 2023
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In: Current Psychology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1046-1310 .- 1936-4733. ; :42, s. 11415-11427
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Reality shifting (RS) is a trendy mental activity that emerged abruptly following the flare-up of the COVID-19 pandemicin 2020 and seems to be practiced mainly by members of the post-millennial generation. RS, described as the experience ofbeing able to transcend one’s physical confines and visit alternate, mostly fictional, universes, is discussed by many on Internetplatforms. One RS forum boasts over 40,000 members and RS clips on some social media platforms have been viewedover 1.7 billion times. The experience of shifting is reportedly facilitated by specific induction methods involving relaxation,concentration of attention, and autosuggestion. Some practitioners report a strong sense of presence in their desired realities,reified by some who believe in the concrete reality of the alternate world they shift to. One of the most popular alternateuniverses involves environments adopted from the Harry Potter book and film series. We describe the phenomenology ofRS as reported online and then compare it to related phenomena such as hypnosis, tulpamancy, dissociation, immersive andmaladaptive daydreaming, and lucid dreaming. We propose a theoretical model of interactive factors giving rise to RS, andconclude that it is an important, uninvestigated emerging phenomenon and propose future research directions.
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