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- Ng, S.W.-P., et al.
(author)
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Petrogenesis of Malaysian granitoids in the Southeast Asian Tin Belt: Part 1. Geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic characteristics.
- 2015
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In: Geological Society of America Bulletin. - 0016-7606 .- 1943-2674. ; 127, s. 1209-1237
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Malaysian granitoids of the Southeast Asian tin belt have been traditionally divided into a Permian to Late Triassic “I-type”–dominated arc-related Eastern province (Indochina terrane) and a Late Triassic “S-type”–dominated collision-related Main Range province (Sibumasu terrane), separated by the Bentong-Raub Paleo-Tethyan suture that closed in the Late Triassic. The present study, however, shows that this model is oversimplified and that the direct application of Chappell and White’s (1974) I- and S-type classification cannot account for many of the characteristics shared by Malaysian granitoids. Despite being commonly hornblende bearing, as is typical for I-type granites, the roof zones of the Eastern province granites are hornblende free. In addition, the Main Range province granitoids contain insignificant primary muscovite, and are dominated by biotite granites, mineralogically similar to many of the plutons of the Eastern province. In general, the Malaysian granitoids from both provinces are more enriched in high field strength elements than typical Cordilleran I- and S-type granitoids. The mineralogy and geochemistry of the Eastern province granitoids, and their relationship with contemporaneous volcanics, confirm their I-type nature. The bulk liquid lines of descent of both granitic provinces largely overlap with one another. Sr-Nd isotopic data further demonstrate that the Malaysian granitoids, especially those of the Main Range, were hybridized melts derived from two “end-member” source regions, one of which is isotopically similar to the Kontum orthoamphibolites and the other akin to the Kontum paragneisses of the Indochina block. However, there are differences in the source rocks for the two provinces, and it is suggested in this paper that these are related to differing proportions of igneous and sedimentary protoliths. The incorporation of sedimentary-sourced melts in the Eastern province is insignificant, which allowed the granites in this belt to maintain their I-type nature. The presence of minor primary tin mineralization in the Eastern province compared to the much more significant tin endowment in the Main Range is considered to reflect the incorporation of a smaller proportion of sedimentary protolith in the melt products of the former.
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- Ng, S.W.--P., et al.
(author)
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Petrogenesis of Malaysian granitoids in the Southeast Asian Tin Belt: Part 2. U-Pb zircon geochronology and tectonic model.
- 2015
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In: Geological Society of America Bulletin. - 0016-7606 .- 1943-2674. ; 127, s. 1238-1258
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In our complementary geochemical study (Part 1), the Malaysian granitoids of the Southeast Asian tin belt were divided into a Middle Permian to Late Triassic I-type–dominated Eastern province (Indochina terrane) and a Triassic to Early Jurassic transitional I/S-type Main Range province (Sibumasu terrane), separated by the Bentong-Raub suture zone which closed in the Late Triassic. Previous geochronology has relied on only a few U-Pb zircon ages together with K-Ar and whole rock Rb-Sr ages that may not accurately record true magmatic ages. We present 39 new high-precision U-Pb zircon ion microprobe ages from granitoids and volcanics across the Malay Peninsula. Our results show that ages from the Eastern province granitoids span 289–220 Ma, with those from the Main Range province granitoids being entirely Late Triassic, spanning 227–201 Ma. A general westerly younging magmatic trend across the Malay Peninsula is considered to reflect steepening and roll-back of the Bentong-Raub subduction zone during progressive closure of Paleo-Tethys. The youngest ages of subduction-related granites in the Eastern province roughly coincide with the youngest ages of marine sedimentary rocks along the Paleo-Tethyan suture zone. Our petrogenetic and U-Pb zircon age data support models that relate the Eastern province granites to pre-collisional Andean-type magmatism and the western Main Range province granites to syn- and post-collisional crustal melting of Sibumasu crust during the Late Triassic. Tin mineralization was mainly associated with the latter phase of magmatism. Two alternative tectonic models are discussed to explain the Triassic evolution of the Malay Peninsula. The first involves a second Late Triassic to Jurassic or Early Cretaceous east-dipping subduction zone west of Sibumasu where subduction-related hornblende and biotite–bearing granites along Sibumasu are paired with Main Range crustal-melt tin-bearing granites, analogous to the Bolivia Cordilleran tin-bearing granite belt. The second model involves westward underthrusting of Indochina beneath the West Malaya Main Range province, resulting in crustal thickening and formation of tin-bearing granites of the Main Ranges. Cretaceous granitoids are also present locally in Singapore (Ubin diorite), on Tioman Island, in the Noring pluton, of the Stong complex (Eastern Province), and along the Sibumasu terrane in southwest Thailand and Burma (Myanmar), reflecting localized crustal melting.
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| 7. |
- Fossati, S., et al.
(author)
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Plasma tau complements CSF tau and P-tau in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
- 2019
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In: Alzheimer's and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring. - : Wiley. - 2352-8729. ; 11, s. 483-492
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Plasma tau may be an accessible biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the correlation between plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau and the value of combining plasma tau with CSF tau and phospho-tau (P-tau) are still unclear. Methods: Plasma-tau, CSF-tau, and P-tau were measured in 97 subjects, including elderly cognitively normal controls (n = 68) and patients with AD (n = 29) recruited at the NYU Center for Brain Health, with comprehensive neuropsychological and magnetic resonance imaging evaluations. Results: Plasma tau was higher in patients with AD than cognitively normal controls (P <.001, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.79) similarly to CSF tau and CSF P-tau and was negatively correlated with cognition in AD. Plasma and CSF tau measures were poorly correlated. Adding plasma tau to CSF tau or CSF P-tau significantly increased the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve from 0.80 and 0.82 to 0.87 and 0.88, respectively. Discussion: Plasma tau is higher in AD independently from CSF-tau. Importantly, adding plasma tau to CSF tau or P-tau improves diagnostic accuracy, suggesting that plasma tau may represent a useful biomarker for AD, especially when added to CSF tau measures. © 2019 The Authors
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- Ma, Li-Jun, et al.
(author)
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Genomic analysis of the basal lineage fungus Rhizopus oryzae reveals a whole-genome duplication.
- 2009
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In: PLoS genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404. ; 5:7, s. e1000549-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rhizopus oryzae is the primary cause of mucormycosis, an emerging, life-threatening infection characterized by rapid angioinvasive growth with an overall mortality rate that exceeds 50%. As a representative of the paraphyletic basal group of the fungal kingdom called "zygomycetes," R. oryzae is also used as a model to study fungal evolution. Here we report the genome sequence of R. oryzae strain 99-880, isolated from a fatal case of mucormycosis. The highly repetitive 45.3 Mb genome assembly contains abundant transposable elements (TEs), comprising approximately 20% of the genome. We predicted 13,895 protein-coding genes not overlapping TEs, many of which are paralogous gene pairs. The order and genomic arrangement of the duplicated gene pairs and their common phylogenetic origin provide evidence for an ancestral whole-genome duplication (WGD) event. The WGD resulted in the duplication of nearly all subunits of the protein complexes associated with respiratory electron transport chains, the V-ATPase, and the ubiquitin-proteasome systems. The WGD, together with recent gene duplications, resulted in the expansion of multiple gene families related to cell growth and signal transduction, as well as secreted aspartic protease and subtilase protein families, which are known fungal virulence factors. The duplication of the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway, especially the major azole target, lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (ERG11), could contribute to the variable responses of R. oryzae to different azole drugs, including voriconazole and posaconazole. Expanded families of cell-wall synthesis enzymes, essential for fungal cell integrity but absent in mammalian hosts, reveal potential targets for novel and R. oryzae-specific diagnostic and therapeutic treatments.
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- Tudisco, Erika, et al.
(author)
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Neutron imaging of rock mechanics experiments
- 2015
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In: Integrating Innovations of Rock Mechanics : Proceedings of the 8th South American Congress on Rock Mechanics, 15–18 November 2015, Buenos Aires, Argentina - Proceedings of the 8th South American Congress on Rock Mechanics, 15–18 November 2015, Buenos Aires, Argentina. - 9781614996040 - 9781614996057 ; , s. 231-236
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Understanding the mechanical behaviour of porous rocks and how this influences the fluid flow is key in a number of resource engineering challenges, in particular hydrocarbon production and CO2 sequestration. Deformation in these porous materials is, in general, not homogeneous, as deformation localises into narrow shear or compaction bands, which might then evolve into fractures. These local deformation features can act as barriers or conduits for fluid flow, depending on their evolution and resultant properties. This work focusses on achieving quantitative understanding of how localised deformation (shear or compaction bands and fractures) can change (local and global) permeability in porous rocks. In particular the aim is to overcome limitations of traditional methods for permeability measurement, which consider bulk sample measurements, and do not provide a good understanding of the permeability variations in the presence of material heterogeneity, e.g., localised deformations. Better understanding of the controlling factors on permeability evolution due to localised deformation requires mapping of the full permeability and strain fields through test specimens. Neutron tomography, in combination with 3D-volumetric Digital Image Correlation (3DDIC) is used to measure deformation and fast neutron radiography is used to visualise fluid-flow through the characterised deformed samples.
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