| 1. |
- Bergenholtz, Gunnar, 1939, et al.
(author)
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Observations on healing following endodontic surgery in nonhuman primates (Macaca fascicularis): effects of rhBMP-2.
- 2006
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In: Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1528-395X .- 1079-2104. ; 101:1, s. 116-25
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The potential of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) to enhance bone healing following endodontic surgery was tested. The pattern and timing of de novo bone formation and cementum regeneration, and the potential for root resorption and ankylosis to accompany bone formation were evaluated. STUDY DESIGN: Pulpal infections were induced in maxillary and mandibular incisor teeth in young adult Cynomolgus monkeys. The teeth received conventional endodontic treatment immediately followed by surgical root resection. In a randomized split-mouth design, contralateral apical bone defects received rhBMP-2 in absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) carrier or served as sham-surgery controls to provide histological and radiographic evaluations following 1 (mandibular incisors) and 4.5 (maxillary incisors) month(s) postsurgery. RESULTS: At 1 month postsurgery trabecular bone filled the apical bone defects. The newly formed bone appeared considerably more mature and had assumed characteristics of the contiguous resident bone at 4.5 months postsurgery. The resected root tips were almost completely covered by new cementum with a maturing functionally oriented periodontal ligament. Localized inflammatory infiltrates were associated with the filled root canals and extruded root-filling material. Root resorption and ankylosis were not observed. There were no apparent differences in healing patterns between sites implanted with rhBMP-2/ACS and those serving as sham-surgery controls. CONCLUSIONS: Under conditions where the influence of infectious elements and irritation caused by root filling material are minimized, bone formation and cementum regeneration appears rapid following endodontic surgery. rhBMP-2/ACS did not offer an obvious benefit above and beyond that of the native osteogenic potential in this animal model.
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| 9. |
- Gotzsche, Casper R., et al.
(author)
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Combined gene overexpression of neuropeptide Y and its receptor Y5 in the hippocampus suppresses seizures
- 2012
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In: Neurobiology of Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-9961. ; 45:1, s. 288-296
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We recently demonstrated that recombinant adeno-associated viral vector-induced hippocampal overexpression of neuropeptide Y receptor, Y2, exerts a seizure-suppressant effect in kindling and kainate-induced models of epilepsy in rats. Interestingly, additional overexpression of neuropeptide Y in the hippocampus strengthened the seizure-suppressant effect of transgene Y2 receptors. Here we show for the first time that another neuropeptide Y receptor, Y5, can also be overexpressed in the hippocampus. However, unlike Y2 receptor overexpression, transgene Y5 receptors in the hippocampus had no effect on kainate-induced motor seizures in rats. However, combined overexpression of Y5 receptors and neuropeptide Y exerted prominent suppression of seizures. This seizure-suppressant effect of combination gene therapy with Y5 receptors and neuropeptide Y was significantly stronger as compared to neuropeptide Y overexpression alone. These results suggest that overexpression of Y5 receptors in combination with neuropeptide Y could be an alternative approach for more effective suppression of hippocampal seizures. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Hillerdal, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
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Malignant mesothelioma: prognosis not as bad as generally believed
- 2007
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In: Journal of Thoracic Oncology. 12<SP>th</SP> World Conference on Lung Cancer, Seoul, Korea, September 2-6, 2007. 2(8) (Supplement 4):S599-S600, August 2007. ; , s. 599-600
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
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| 11. |
- Hillerdal, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
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Treatment of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma with Carboplatin, Liposomized Doxorubicin, and Gemcitabine A Phase II Study
- 2008
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In: JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY. - 1556-0864. ; 3:11, s. 1325-1331
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma has a poor prognosis and there is limited effect of treatment. The Nordic Mesothelioma groups decided in the year 2000 to investigate a combination or liposomized doxorubicin, carboplatin, and gemcitabine for this disease in a phase II study.Methods: From January 2001, to December 2003, 173 evaluable patients with biopsy-verified malignant mesothelioma were included. Two patients were lost to follow-Lip, but all the others were followed for at least 4 years or until death.Results: Toxicity was fairly low. There were 56 responses (32.4%), of which 2 were complete; the median time to progression was 8.6 months, and the median overall survival was 13 months. Some patients had their responses 4 to 6 months after last treatment. For 116 patients with epitheloid subtype, median Survival was 17 months. A subgroup of these patients with good performance status, early stage, and age 70 years or less, showed a median survival of 22 months.Conclusion: The treatment yields good results with a high number of responses and long survival, and a low toxicity. The long Survival of the epitheloid subgroup with good prognostic factors is as good as or even better than some studies on "radical" Surgery or multimodal treatment, underlining the need of randomized studies to evaluate such treatment options.
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| 12. |
- Hillerdal, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
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Treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma with liposomized doxorubicine : prolonged time to progression and good survival. A Nordic study
- 2008
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In: The Clinical Respiratory Journal. - 1752-6981 .- 1752-699X. ; 2:2, s. 80-85
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) has a poor prognosis and there is limited effect of treatment. Lately, pemetrexed and cisplatin have been established as the standard treatment. Objectives: The present study was planned in 1998, when there was no standard treatment. Single-dose doxorubicine had, in small studies, accomplished remissions, and the Scandinavian Mesothelioma Groups therefore decided to test a liposomized form of this drug, which had shown limited toxicity but good efficacy in a few small studies. Methods: Fifty-four evaluable patients with histologically verified and inoperable MPM were treated with liposomized doxorubicine 40 mg/m2, every 4 weeks for six cycles. Results: In all, 29 patients (54%) received at least six treatments. The quality of life remained good during the study. Hematologic toxicity was very low. Palmo–plantar erythema occurred in 11 patients (20%), thereof 7 grade II but none was severe and none was dose-limiting. There were four partial responses (7%). The median time to progression (TTP) was 5 months, the median survival was 12 months, and at 24 months, 22% were still alive. Conclusion: Liposomized doxorubicine has a low toxicity and is well tolerated; there were a remarkably long TTP and a good survival. Thus, despite the low response rate, liposomized doxorubicine remains an interesting drug for the treatment of malignant mesothelioma.
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| 13. |
- Hyttel-Sorensen, Simon, et al.
(author)
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A phase II randomized clinical trial on cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy plus a treatment guideline versus treatment as usual for extremely preterm infants during the first three days of life (SafeBoosC) : study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
- 2013
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In: Trials. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1745-6215. ; 14, s. 120-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Every year in Europe about 25,000 infants are born extremely preterm. These infants have a 20% mortality rate, and 25% of survivors have severe long-term cerebral impairment. Preventative measures are key to reduce mortality and morbidity in an extremely preterm population. The primary objective of the SafeBoosC phase II trial is to examine if it is possible to stabilize the cerebral oxygenation of extremely preterm infants during the first 72 hours of life through the application of cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) oximetry and implementation of an clinical treatment guideline based on intervention thresholds of cerebral regional tissue saturation rStO(2). Methods/Design: SafeBoosC is a randomized, blinded, multinational, phase II clinical trial. The inclusion criteria are: neonates born more than 12 weeks preterm; decision to conduct full life support; parental informed consent; and possibility to place the cerebral NIRS oximeter within 3 hours after birth. The infants will be randomized into one of two groups. Both groups will have a cerebral oximeter monitoring device placed within three hours of birth. In the experimental group, the cerebral oxygenation reading will supplement the standard treatment using a predefined treatment guideline. In the control group, the cerebral oxygenation reading will not be visible and the infant will be treated according to the local standards. The primary outcome is the multiplication of the duration and magnitude of rStO(2) values outside the target ranges of 55% to 85%, that is, the 'burden of hypoxia and hyperoxia' expressed in '%hours'. To detect a 50% difference between the experimental and control group in %hours, 166 infants in total must be randomized. Secondary outcomes are mortality at term date, cerebral ultrasound score, and interburst intervals on an amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram at 64 hours of life and explorative outcomes include neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years corrected age, magnetic resonance imaging at term, blood biomarkers at 6 and 64 hours after birth, and adverse events. Discussion: Cerebral oximetry guided interventions have the potential to improve neurodevelopmental outcome in extremely preterm infants. It is a logical first step to test if it is possible to reduce the burden of hypoxia and hyperoxia.
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| 14. |
- Hyttel-Sorensen, Simon, et al.
(author)
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Clinical use of cerebral oximetry in extremely preterm infants is feasible
- 2013
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In: Danish Medical Journal. - 2245-1919. ; 60:1, s. A4533-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: The research programme Safeguarding the Brains of our smallest Children (SafeBoosC) aims to test the benefits and harms of cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) oximetry in infants born before 28 weeks of gestation. In a phase II trial, infants will be randomised to visible cerebral NIRS oximetry with pre-specified treatment guidelines compared to standard care with blinded NIRS-monitoring. The primary outcome is duration multiplied with the extent outside the normal range of regional tissue oxygen saturation of haemoglobin (rStO(2)) of 55 to 85% in percentage hours (burden). This study was a pilot of the Visible Oximetry Group. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was an observational study including ten infants. RESULTS: The median gestational age was 26 weeks + three days, and the median start-up time was 133 minutes after delivery. The median recording time was 69.7 hours, mean rStO(2) was 64.2 +/- 4.5%, median burden of hyper- and hypoxia was 30.3% hours (range 2.8-112.3). Clinical staff responded to an out of range value 29 times - only once to values above 85%. In comparison, there were 83 periods of more than ten minutes with an rStO(2) below 55% and four episodes with an rStO(2) above 85%. These periods accounted for 72% of the total hypoxia burden. A total of 18 of the 29 interventions were adjustments of FiO(2) which in 13 of the 18 times resulted in an out-of-range SpO(2). Two infants suffered second-degree burns from the sensor. Five infants died. In all cases, this was unrelated to NIRS monitoring and treatment. CONCLUSION: The intervention of early cerebral NIRS monitoring proved feasible, but prolonged periods of hypoxia went untreated. Thus, a revision of the treatment guideline and an alarm system is required.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Kulmala, Markku, et al.
(author)
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Overview of the biosphere-aerosol-cloud-climate interactions (BACCI) studies
- 2008
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In: Tellus. Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology. - : Stockholm University Press. - 0280-6509 .- 1600-0889. ; 60:3, s. 300-317
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Here we present research methods and results obtained by the Nordic Centre of Excellence Biosphere-Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interactions (BACCI) between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2007. The centre formed an integrated attempt to understand multiple, but interlinked, biosphere-atmosphere interactions applying inter and multidisciplinary approaches in a coherent manner. The main objective was to study the life cycle of aerosol particles and their importance on climate change. The foundation in BACCI was a thorough understanding of physical, meteorological, chemical and ecophysiological processes, providing a unique possibility to study biosphere-aerosol-cloud-climate interactions. Continuous measurements of atmospheric concentrations and fluxes of aerosol particles and precursors and, CO2/aerosol trace gas interactions in different field stations (e.g. SMEAR) were supported by models of particle thermodynamics, transport and dynamics, atmospheric chemistry, boundary layer meteorology and forest growth. The main progress was related to atmospheric new particle formation, existence of clusters, composition of nucleation mode aerosol particles, chemical precursors of fresh aerosol particles, the contribution of biogenic aerosol particles on the global aerosol load, transport, transformation and deposition of aerosol particles, thermodynamics related to aerosol particles and cloud droplets, and the microphysics and chemistry of cloud droplet formation.
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| 17. |
- Lothe, Ragnhild A., et al.
(author)
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Biallelic inactivation of TP53 rarely contributes to the development of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors
- 2001
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In: Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer. - 1045-2257. ; 30:2, s. 202-206
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- About 10% of the patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) develop malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), accounting for half of all MPNST cases. Several nonrandom chromosomal aberrations have been found, but the target genes remain mostly unrecognized. Mutations in the NF1 and TP53 genes have been found in some MPNSTs, and recent data from mouse models support a synergistic effect of these two genes in the development of MPNST. In the present study, we have analyzed 16 MPNSTs, including 11 from patients with NF1 and 5 sporadic cases, for mutations in the coding sequence of the TP53 gene (exons 2-11). We applied denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and modifications of this technique for analyses of 12 genomic fragments, followed by direct sequencing for identification of the mutated base(s). None of the MPNSTs revealed mutations. The detection of control mutants for each fragment analyzed, the high sensitivity of the technique, the detection of polymorphisms in some samples, and the high content of tumor tissue in the biopsies imply that false negatives are highly unlikely. Although we cannot exclude that deletions including large parts of the gene remain undetected by the mutation analyses, previous comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), cytogenetic banding analysis, and/or loss of heterozygosity studies on 14 of the cases included here had revealed 17p deletions in only three. We thus conclude that TP53 biallelic inactivation is rare in MPNST, and that the potential impact of an altered TP53 pathway on the malignant transformation of a neurofibroma into an MPNST may more frequently occur by changes in other components of that pathway.
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| 20. |
- Ording, Anne Gulbech, et al.
(author)
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Birthweight and all-cause mortality after childhood and adolescent leukemia : a cohort of children with leukemia from Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Washington State
- 2020
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In: Acta Oncologica. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 59:8, s. 949-958
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: High birthweight may predispose children to acute lymphoid leukemia, whereas low birthweight is associated with childhood morbidity and mortality. Low and high birthweight have been inconsistently associated with mortality in children with leukemia. Material and methods: In a cohort of childhood and adolescent leukemia (0-19 years) patients from registries in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Washington State in the United States (1967-2015), five-year all-cause mortality was assessed by birthweight and other measures of fetal growth using the cumulative incidence function and Cox regression with adjustment for sex, diagnosis year, country, the presence of Down's syndrome or other malformations, and type of leukemia. Results: Among 7148 children and adolescents with leukemia (55% male), 4.6% were low (<2500 g) and 19% were high (>= 4000 g) birthweight. Compared with average weight, hazard ratios (HRs) of death associated with low birthweight varied by age at leukemia diagnosis: 1.5 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.7, 3.2) for patients 0-1 year old, 1.6 (95% CI: 1.0, 2.6) for >1-2 years old; 1.0 (95% CI: 0.6, 1.5) for 3-8 years old; 1.0 (95% CI: 0.6, 1.8) for 9-13 years old; and 1.2 (95% CI: 0.7, 2.1) for 14-19 years old, and were similar for size for gestational age and Ponderal index. In analyses restricted to children born full term (37-41 weeks of gestation), results were only slightly attenuated but risk was markedly increased for infants aged <= 1 year (HR for low birthweight = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.2, 8.8). Conclusion: This cohort study does not suggest that low birthweight or SGA is associated with increased five-year all-cause mortality risk among children with any type of childhood leukemia or acute lymphoblastic leukemia, specifically, beyond infancy.
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| 21. |
- Pellicer, Adelina, et al.
(author)
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The SafeBoosC Phase II Randomised Clinical Trial : A Treatment Guideline for Targeted Near-Infrared-Derived Cerebral Tissue Oxygenation versus Standard Treatment in Extremely Preterm Infants
- 2013
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In: Neonatology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1661-7800 .- 1661-7819. ; 104:3, s. 171-178
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Near-infrared spectroscopy-derived regional tissue oxygen saturation of haemoglobin (rSto(2)) reflects venous oxygen saturation. If cerebral metabolism is stable, rSto(2) can be used as an estimate of cerebral oxygen delivery. The SafeBoosC phase II randomised clinical trial hypothesises that the burden of hypo- and hyperoxia can be reduced by the combined use of close monitoring of the cerebral rSto(2) and a treatment guideline to correct deviations in rSto(2) outside a predefined target range. Aims: To describe the rationale for and content of this treatment guideline. Methods: Review of the literature and assessment of the quality of evidence and the grade of recommendation for each of the interventions. Results and Conclusions: A clinical intervention algorithm based on the main determinants of cerebral perfusion-oxygenation changes during the first hours after birth was generated. The treatment guideline is presented to assist neonatologists in making decisions in relation to cerebral oximetry readings in preterm infants within the SafeBoosC phase II randomised clinical trial. The evidence grades were relatively low and the guideline cannot be recommended outside a research setting.
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| 22. |
- Peredkov, Sergey, et al.
(author)
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Free nanoscale sodium clusters studied by core-level photoelectron spectroscopy
- 2007
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In: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 75:23, s. 235407-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Free sodium metal clusters have been studied by probing the Na2p core level using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The development of electronic structure with size has been studied and discussed in comparison with the atom, dimer, and solid. Information on cluster metallic properties, size, and temperature has been deduced from the XPS measurements. For the large ⟨N⟩>103 Na clusters, the surface and bulk sites have been separated in the photoelectron signal. Auger spectra allowed extracting the information on the valence band. The present study introduces core-level spectroscopies XPS and AES into the field of free neutral metal cluster research.
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| 25. |
- Sverdrup, Harald, et al.
(author)
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Assesing nutrient sustainability of forest production for different tree species considering Ca, Mg, K, N and P at Bjornstorp Estate, Sweden
- 2006
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In: Biogeochemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-515X .- 0168-2563. ; 81:2, s. 219-238
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An assessment of nutrient sustainability has been done for stands of European beech, Sycamore maple, European oak, Norway spruce, Larch, Grandis fir and Douglas fir at Bjornstorp Estate in southern Sweden. To estimate the nutrient sustainability, mass balance was calculated with respect to Ca, Mg, K, N and P. The release from mineral weathering was calculated using the PROFILE model. The leaching has been estimated from observed soil water concentrations and nutrients removed by harvest from projected production. The results indicate that the planned production is on the limits of sustainability and sometimes in excess of it. The stands will overuse Ca, sometimes also Mg, K and P, if all growth is harvested. Soil acidification is still progessing at Bjornstorp Estate, and soil depletion is the result of this. The estimated sustainable yield and the mass balances suggest that the leaching rate is the most uncertain factor for assessing sustainability. Different types of critical loads were investigated, including a new type, based on no excess acidity in the system. The calculations stress the importance of reducing the acid deposition and that nutrient sustainable management must be included in forest management.
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| 26. |
- Tchaplyguine, Maxim, et al.
(author)
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Direct observation of the non-supported metal nanoparticle electron density of states by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- 2007
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In: European Physical Journal D. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6060 .- 1434-6079. ; 45:2, s. 295-299
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on copper and silver cluster beams created by a magnetron-based gas-aggregation source has allowed mapping the electron density of states (DOS) of free metallic nanoparticles. The cluster DOS profiles obtained in the experiments strongly resemble the infinite solid DOS shapes, but the extracted cluster work-functions are lower than those for the bulk metal. The latter observation is explained by the initial negative charge on most of the clusters, created by the source.
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| 30. |
- Thacher, Jesse D., et al.
(author)
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Occupational noise exposure and risk of incident stroke: a pooled study of five Scandinavian cohorts
- 2022
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In: OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE. - : BMJ. - 1351-0711 .- 1470-7926. ; 79:9, s. 594-601
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives To investigate the association between occupational noise exposure and stroke incidence in a pooled study of five Scandinavian cohorts (NordSOUND). Methods We pooled and harmonised data from five Scandinavian cohorts resulting in 78 389 participants. We obtained job data from national registries or questionnaires and recoded these to match a job-exposure matrix developed in Sweden, which specified the annual average daily noise exposure in five exposure classes (L-Aeq8h): <70, 70-74, 75-79, 80-84, >= 85 dB(A). We identified residential address history and estimated 1-year average road traffic noise at baseline. Using national patient and mortality registers, we identified 7777 stroke cases with a median follow-up of 20.2 years. Analyses were conducted using Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for individual and area-level potential confounders. Results Exposure to occupational noise at baseline was not associated with overall stroke in the fully adjusted models. For ischaemic stroke, occupational noise was associated with HRs (95% CI) of 1.08 (0.98 to 1.20), 1.09 (0.97 to 1.24) and 1.06 (0.92 to 1.21) in the 75-79, 80-84 and >= 85 dB(A) exposure groups, compared with <70 dB(A), respectively. In subanalyses using time-varying occupational noise exposure, we observed an indication of higher stroke risk among the most exposed (>= 85 dB(A)), particularly when restricting analyses to people exposed to occupational noise within the last year (HR: 1.27; 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.63). Conclusions We found no association between occupational noise and risk of overall stroke after adjustment for confounders. However, the non-significantly increased risk of ischaemic stroke warrants further investigation.
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