| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Baalsrud Hauge, Jannicke, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Designing Serious Mobile Location-Based Games
- 2019
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Ingår i: ENTERTAINMENT COMPUTING AND SERIOUS GAMES, ICEC-JCSG 2019. - Cham : SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG. - 9783030346447 ; , s. 479-484
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The technical requirements of mobile location-based games have been met sufficiently well to make location-based mobile games an everyday object. Games like Ingress or Pokémon GO have experienced a huge popularity. Hence, the question arises how the obvious attraction of these games can be used to achieve goals other than entertainment, such as learning. This article describes the basic scientific background of a workshop of the ICEC-JCSG 2019 for the development of design principles for serious mobile location-based games. First the game types involved are defined, then relevant design principles are identified and presented providing a basis to substantiate design guidelines in the workshop and contribute to the purposeful design of mobile location-based games.
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| 3. |
- Baalsrud Hauge, Jannicke, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Redesign with Accessibility in Mind : A Visual Impairment Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: SERIOUS GAMES, JCSG 2021. - Cham : Springer Nature. ; , s. 55-66
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of the teacher is to help students improve their knowledge and skills. While it is acknowledged that learning occurs within specific activities and contexts, the adaptation of learning settings to distinct didactical objectives and learner needs remains a challenge. Under these premises, the authors explore the demanding endeavour of creating and tailoring game-based learning activities for specific subjects. The design and personalisation of rich media applications require an extra effort on the teacher side and imply advanced skills. The paper explores the opportunity to reuse gamified lesson plans using an authoring pipeline that reunited authoring tools, game narratives and minigames.
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| 4. |
- Gheorghe, Ancuta Florentina, et al.
(författare)
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Serious games for modelling sustainability skills and competencies
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 15th international conference on virtual learning (ICVL-2020). - : BUCHAREST UNIVERSITY PRESS. ; , s. 424-431
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the last decade, sustainability skills have become critical for preparing the future workforce and efforts have been made to implement sustainability principles across various disciples. In this context, serious games have been promoted as a viable approach that can be used to reshape the learning environments and facilitate the development of sustainability skills and competencies. Serious games are known to make learning interesting and fun, and they have been employed to create engaging spaces for learning, spaces where students have more freedom and take more responsibility. This paper seeks to explore how serious games can foster the acquisition of key sustainability skills and competencies, frequently needed on the labour market. Three games have been analysed starting from their specificity such as the narrative and educational context, the target group, the game mechanics used, up to the identification of sustainability skills and competencies that can be acquired during the game play and the pedagogical methodologies used to acquire certain skills and competencies.
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| 5. |
- Kepp, Kasper P., et al.
(författare)
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Panel stacking is a threat to consensus statement validity
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. - : Elsevier. - 0895-4356 .- 1878-5921. ; 173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Consensus statements can be very influential in medicine and public health. Some of these statements use systematic evidence synthesis but others fail on this front. Many consensus statements use panels of experts to deduce perceived consensus through Delphi processes. We argue that stacking of panel members toward one particular position or narrative is a major threat, especially in absence of systematic evidence review. Stacking may involve financial conflicts of interest, but nonfinancial conflicts of strong advocacy can also cause major bias. Given their emerging importance, we describe here how such consensus statements may be misleading, by analyzing in depth a recent high-impact Delphi consensus statement on COVID-19 recommendations as a case example. We demonstrate that many of the selected panel members and at least 35% of the core panel members had advocated toward COVID-19 elimination (Zero-COVID) during the pandemic and were leading members of aggressive advocacy groups. These advocacy conflicts were not declared in the Delphi consensus publication, with rare exceptions. Therefore, we propose that consensus statements should always require rigorous evidence synthesis and maximal transparency on potential biases toward advocacy or lobbyist groups to be valid. While advocacy can have many important functions, its biased impact on consensus panels should be carefully avoided.
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| 6. |
- Soebke, Heinrich, et al.
(författare)
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Using a Location-Based AR Game in Environmental Engineering
- 2019
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Ingår i: ENTERTAINMENT COMPUTING AND SERIOUS GAMES, ICEC-JCSG 2019. - Cham : Springer Nature. ; , s. 466-469
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Location-based AR games have experienced a tremendous rise. With Ingress (2013) and later Pokémon GO (2016), the two games have established a new genre on the one hand and set new bench-marks in popularity on the other. The specific characteristics, like multiplayer mode, integration of authentic places, and ubiquitous accessibility, make it likely that these games may have a potential as learning tools, i.e., being used in a game-based learning setting. In education for engineering disciplines, such as Environmental Engineering, authentic on-site experiences can be provided using location-based games. The study presented herein analyzes the application of a serious location-based AR game in the course Urban Water Management of the Master’s programme Environmental Engineering. Methodologically, the application was evaluated with the help of questionnaires (N = 7, 9, 17, pre- and posttest, perceptions and preferences of the students). Despite the advanced level of education, there was a high acceptance of the game-based learning setting. The study supports the hypothesis that location-based AR games can be well-suited learning tools in higher education.
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| 7. |
- Stefan, Antoniu, et al.
(författare)
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Story-Oriented Learning
- 2019
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Ingår i: NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND REDESIGNING LEARNING SPACES, VOL I. - : CAROL I NATL DEFENCE UNIV PUBLISHING HOUSE. ; , s. 30-38
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a game environment, narrative design is considered the art of combining gameplay and multimedia assets to create novel experiences that can entertain players and motivate them for longer periods. The use of narrative design in game-driven education has the potential to add an extra entertainment value to make learning more engaging. Narratives can give players insights into the game's world by providing helpful information to reinforce a certain gameplay feature. However, the development of interactive learning experiences necessitates a consistent effort that carefully blends content, gameplay and quality graphics. An easy-to-play game does not equate with an easy-to-create design and development process. Storytelling necessitates the ability to place the right data in a given learning context, meeting specific learning objectives, to tell a story in a compelling, and convincing way, in order to drive engagement. It is also important to take into account the positive impact of the involvement of the end-users in major decisions that affect consistently the structure of the game story or the communication with non-playing characters. Currently, the level of end-user involvement in the narrative flow remain limited. In this context, the Authoring Tools developed within the BEACONING project address these challenges and explore the positive impact that an end-user can have within a game-based learning setting by enabling them to become learning designers. This paper discusses the challenges associated with the creation of meaningful game narratives that can be implemented in learning settings and explores the roles of teachers and students as learning designers and the added-value generated.
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| 8. |
- Stefan, Ioana Andreea, et al.
(författare)
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Location-Based Metagames for Learning
- 2018
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Ingår i: Elearning Challenges and New Horizons, Vol 1. - : Carol I National Defence University Publishing House. ; , s. 234-241
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research argues that digital educational games have the potential to make learning more interesting and more effective, creating unmatched learner engagement. However, creating captivating game-based learning experiences remains challenging. Designing and developing games to support learning is still a costly and time-consuming experience that require a multitude of skills. An easy-to-play game does not equate with an easy-to-create design and development process. Creating game-based experiences is more complex than designing a linear lecture or a static online learning module. Moreover, game customization remains limited, making it difficult for teachers to adapt a game to specific learner needs and subjects. To address these challenges, the authors present the game authoring pipeline of the Beaconing Platform that enables the construction of location-based metagames by non-programmers. In the context of this work, a metagame is defined as the component that provides the overarching narrative experience for players. The paper describes the construction and implementation of two such metagames for two different cities - Targoviste, Romania and Coventry, UK. The location of the device is used to enhance the user experience and to customize the content that is made available to the learners. The metagames integrate quizzes into location-based challenges to create more flexible and more engaging learning experiences that blend virtual and real worlds. In these metagames, participants have to find a real world Point of Interest (POI), defined through GPS coordinates, or a series of them, through indirect clues and complete an activity (e.g. Minigame) there to further the narrative (or unlock the next clue/POI).
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| 9. |
- Agache, Ioana, et al.
(författare)
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Prioritizing research challenges and funding for allergy and asthma and the need for translational research—The European Strategic Forum on Allergic Diseases
- 2019
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Ingår i: Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538. ; 74:11, s. 2064-2076
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) organized the first European Strategic Forum on Allergic Diseases and Asthma. The main aim was to bring together all relevant stakeholders and decision-makers in the field of allergy, asthma and clinical Immunology around an open debate on contemporary challenges and potential solutions for the next decade. The Strategic Forum was an upscaling of the EAACI White Paper aiming to integrate the Academy's output with the perspective offered by EAACI's partners. This collaboration is fundamental for adapting and integrating allergy and asthma care into the context of real-world problems. The Strategic Forum on Allergic Diseases brought together all partners who have the drive and the influence to make positive change: national and international societies, patients’ organizations, regulatory bodies and industry representatives. An open debate with a special focus on drug development and biomedical engineering, big data and information technology and allergic diseases and asthma in the context of environmental health concluded that connecting science with the transformation of care and a joint agreement between all partners on priorities and needs are essential to ensure a better management of allergic diseases and asthma in the advent of precision medicine together with global access to innovative and affordable diagnostics and therapeutics.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Baalsrud Hauge, Jannicke, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Accessibility Considerations in the Design of Serious Games for Production and Logistics
- 2021
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Ingår i: Advances In Production Management Systems. - Cham : Springer Nature. ; , s. 510-519
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital accessibility has been the focus of initiatives, policies and standards at European and international level in the last decade. However, adoption of accessibility guidelines and the development of accessible resources and applications remain limited and education is a primary example of the multiple challenges that must be addressed. This research has highlighted the main barriers that should be overcome in order to make digital educational games accessible for learners with disabilities and it has brought forward the critical need of personalizing the game contexts and analytics to meet specific profiles of learners with disabilities. Building upon the outcomes of two case studies, the authors propose a game analytics framework for learners with disabilities, in an effort to streamline game design processes that target accessibility.
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| 13. |
- Baalsrud Hauge, Jannicke, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Current Opportunities and Challenges of Digital Game-Based Learning
- 2022
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). - Cham : Springer Nature. ; , s. 443-450
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital game-based learning (DGBL) has been discussed for over 50 years. Despite countless studies over several decades, DGBL is still the exception rather than the standard in most educational contexts. A workshop at the 21st International Conference on Entertainment Computing 2022 (IFIP ICEC) in Bremen, Germany, prepares an overview of the current state of DGBL. This article provides a systematic overview of the fundamental concepts of DGBL. For this purpose, a life cycle model for learning games is proposed for structuring the overview. At each phase of the life cycle model, opportunities and challenges are identified and discussed through a literature review. Overall, the result is an overview serving as a framework for the workshop and as an orientation for the design, development, and deployment of learning games.
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| 14. |
- Baalsrud Hauge, Jannicke, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Virtualization of Digital Location-Based Experiences
- 2021
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science. - Cham : Springer Nature. ; , s. 467-474
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital location-based experiences, such as app-guided digital scavengers, depend on users being on-site. The requirement to be on-site is a virtue, but it can also be a shortcoming of location-based experiences, such as in the COVID 19 pandemic. This workshop addresses the possibilities of eliminating the on-site requirement, thus extending the potential application of location-based experiences. First, virtualization approaches will be presented, which allow eliminating the need to be on-site, such as the usage of 360° technologies or the employment of videoconferencing software. Further, various challenges, such as the application of existing design principles for location-based experiences and instructional design for virtualized location-based experiences, are discussed and options to overcome the limitations imposed by the virtualization. This paper provides insights into theoretical foundations relevant to solving the aspects of virtualizing location-based experiences. The workshop results are intended to provide lasting advancements to eliminating the on-site requirements for location-based experiences.
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| 15. |
- Barbaud, Annick, et al.
(författare)
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Allergies and COVID-19 vaccines : An ENDA/EAACI Position paper
- 2022
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Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 77:8, s. 2292-2312
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Anaphylaxis, which is rare, has been reported after COVID-19 vaccination, but its management is not standardized.Method Members of the European Network for Drug Allergy and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology interested in drug allergy participated in an online questionnaire on pre-vaccination screening and management of allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines, and literature was analysed.Results No death due to anaphylaxis to COVID-19 vaccines has been confirmed in scientific literature. Potential allergens, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polysorbate and tromethamine are excipients. The authors propose allergy evaluation of persons with the following histories: 1-anaphylaxis to injectable drug or vaccine containing PEG or derivatives; 2-anaphylaxis to oral/topical PEG containing products; 3-recurrent anaphylaxis of unknown cause; 4-suspected or confirmed allergy to any mRNA vaccine; and 5-confirmed allergy to PEG or derivatives. We recommend a prick-to-prick skin test with the left-over solution in the suspected vaccine vial to avoid waste. Prick test panel should include PEG 4000 or 3500, PEG 2000 and polysorbate 80. The value of in vitro test is arguable.Conclusions These recommendations will lead to a better knowledge of the management and mechanisms involved in anaphylaxis to COVID-19 vaccines and enable more people with history of allergy to be vaccinated.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Bengtsson, Lars, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Open innovation - Comparing global and local approaches
- 2014
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Ingår i: The 25th annual POMS conference, Atlanta, 9-12 May, 2014.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In spite of the growing interest in open innovation, one of the core questions that remain unanswered is how different kinds of openness affect innovation performance. Moreover, the impact of the geographical dispersion of partners also needs further investigation, while there is a tension between the motives for global search and the needs for proximity in innovation processes. In this paper we will research the relationship between openness and performance outcome in manufacturing companies when taking the localisation of partners into account. The study is based on survey data from 415 companies. The openness is defined by three dimensions: partner breadth, partner depth and phase depth. Performance is measured in terms of cost, risk and time-to-market, innovativeness and economic performance. The results of this study confirm and illustrate the localisation dilemma. For manufacturing companies using a global approach, it seems advisable to collaborate more intensively with a reduced number of partners. In contrast, the companies applying a more spatially balanced approach could collaborate with an increased number of partners and still be innovative and cost efficient. This implies that different localisation strategies for external partner collaborations require different integration approaches in order to be successful.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Cantoni, Federico, et al.
(författare)
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Round-robin testing of commercial two-photon polymerization 3D printers
- 2023
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Ingår i: Additive Manufacturing. - : Elsevier. - 2214-8604 .- 2214-7810. ; 76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since its introduction in the 1980s, 3D printing has advanced as a versatile and reliable tool with applications in different fields. Among the available 3D printing techniques, two-photon polymerization is regarded as one of the most promising technologies for microscale printing due to its ability to combine a high printing fidelity down to submicron scale with free-form structure design. Recently, the technology has been enhanced through the implementation of faster laser scanning strategies, as well as the development of new photoresists. This paves the way for a wide range of applications, which has resulted in an increasing number of available commercial systems. This work aims to provide an overview of the technology capability by comparing three commercial systems in a round-robin test. To cover a wide range of applications, six test structures with distinct features were designed, covering various aspects of interest, from single material objects with sub-micron feature sizes up to multi-material millimeter-sized objects. Application-specific structures were printed to evaluate surface roughness and the stitching capability of the printers. Moreover, the ability to generate free-hanging structures and complex surfaces required for cell scaffolds and microfluidic platform fabrication was quantitatively investigated. Finally, the influence of the numerical aperture of the fabrication objective on the printing quality was assessed. All three printers successfully fabricated samples comprising various three-dimensional features and achieved submicron resolution and feature sizes, demonstrating the versatility and precision of two-photon polymerization direct laser writing. Our study will facilitate the understanding of the technology maturity level, while highlighting specific aspects that characterize each of the investigated systems.
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| 25. |
- Chelcea, Ioana C., 1994-
(författare)
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Computational methods for assessing chemical risk : focusing on toxicokinetic modelling in zebrafish (danio rerio)
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- New chemicals are constantly produced and large data gaps exist on hazards of currently used industrial chemicals, stressing the need for rapid, ethically sound and cost-efficient hazard assessment methods. Traditional methods for effect assessment based on animal testing, do not meet these requirements and thus the toxicology field has been moving towards the development of new approach methodologies which include in vitro approaches but also computational methods. The current work has mainly focused on computational tools but also employed in vitro and in vivo methodologies for the development and validation of the in silico approaches.We firstly explored chemical variation of emerging chemicals as a basis for selecting sub-groups of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and bisphenols for Papers I and II. These compounds can be used for future testing and as case study compounds for in silico tools development. The PFASs selection showed compounds with large differences in structure and highlighted the lack of knowledge for large parts of the PFASs chemical domain. This likely is the main driver of the low predictive accuracy of some current fate models and the need for expanding their applicability domains. In Paper II we investigated the toxicokinetics of selected bisphenols in a commonly studied model organism, the zebrafish (Danio rerio), and developed a physiologically-based toxicokinetic model. Novel data for fish biotransformation was derived and showed lower rates than those measured in humans, providing valuable insight for both model parameterization and for chemical safety assessment using fish. The model also demonstrated the ability to predict and rank hazard of these bisphenols in terms of organ-specific bioaccumulation making it a useful tool for chemical screening and prioritization efforts. The results indicate that bisphenols AP, C and Z as well as tetrabromo bisphenol A may have larger potential for bioaccumulation than the widely used bisphenol A (BPA), indicating that these compounds do not constitute safer industrial substitutions. Lastly, we present in Paper III the development of a toxicokinetic model for the zebrafish embryo life-stage. Since the zebrafish embryo test is widely applied in toxicology research, the developed model provides a tool to better understand how varying testing conditions may affect dose at target thus providing a means to compare internal effect concentrations. Additionally, we applied the model in combination with data on estrogenic activity in order to rank the relative hazard of investigated bisphenols, which showed that bisphenols AF, C, B and Z may be more hazardous than BPA.Overall the developed computational tools showed good predictive performance and improvements in parameterization, thus providing tools for understanding dose at target and toxicokinetic variation of emerging substances. Furthermore, the thesis presents novel data and findings for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and bisphenols, which are environmental pollutants of emerging concern of relevance for future hazard assessments and substitution processes.
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| 26. |
- Chelcea, Ioana C., et al.
(författare)
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Investigating the OECD database of per- And polyfluoroalkyl substances-chemical variation and applicability of current fate models
- 2020
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Ingår i: Environmental Chemistry. - : CSIRO. - 1448-2517 .- 1449-8979. ; 17:7, s. 498-508
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been identified in the environment, and some have been shown to be extremely persistent and even toxic, thus raising concerns about their effects on human health and the environment. Despite this, little is known about most PFASs. In this study, the comprehensive database of over 4700 PFAS entries recently compiled by the OECD was curated and the chemical variation was analysed in detail. The analysis revealed 3363 individual PFASs with a huge variation in chemical functionalities and a wide range of mixtures and polymers. A hierarchical clustering methodology was employed on the curated database, which resulted in 12 groups, where only half were populated by well-studied compounds thus indicating the large knowledge gaps. We selected both a theoretical and a procurable training set that covered a substantial part of the chemical domain based on these clusters. Several computational models to predict physicochemical and environmental fate related properties were assessed, which indicated their lack of applicability for PFASs and the urgent need for experimental data for training and validating these models. Our findings indicate reasonable predictions of the octanol-water partition coefficient for a small chemical domain of PFASs but large data gaps and uncertainties for water solubility, bioconcentration factor, and acid dissociation factor predictions. Improved computational tools are necessary for assessing risks of PFASs and for including suggested training set compounds in future testing of both physicochemical and effect-related data. This should provide a solid basis for better chemical understanding and future model development purposes.
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| 27. |
- Chelcea, Ioana C., et al.
(författare)
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Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic Modeling of Bisphenols in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Accounting for Variations in Metabolic Rates, Brain Distribution, and Liver Accumulation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 56:14, s. 10216-10228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical, which has raised human health and environmental concerns due to its endocrine-disrupting properties. BPA analogues are less well-studied despite their wide use in consumer products. These analogues have been detected in water and aquatic organisms around the world, with some analogues showing toxic effects in various species including fish. Here, we present novel organ-specific time-course distribution data of bisphenol Z (BPZ) in female zebrafish (Danio rerio), including concentrations in the ovaries, liver, and brain, a rarely sampled organ with high toxicological relevance. Furthermore, fish-specific in vitro biotransformation rates were determined for 11 selected bisphenols. A physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model was adapted for four of these bisphenols, which was able to predict levels in the gonads, liver, and brain as well as the whole body within a 2-5-fold error with respect to experimental data, covering several important target organs of toxicity. In particular, predicted liver concentrations improved compared to currently available PBTK models. Predicted data indicate that studied bisphenols mainly distribute to the carcass and gonads and less to the brain. Our model provides a tool to increase our understanding on the distribution and kinetics of a group of emerging pollutants.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Chelcea, Ioana C., 1994-, et al.
(författare)
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Physiology-informed toxicokinetic model for the zebrafish embryo test developed for bisphenols
- 2023
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Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 345
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Zebrafish embryos (ZFE) is a widely used model organism, employed in various research fields including toxicology to assess e.g., developmental toxicity and endocrine disruption. Variation in effects between chemicals are difficult to compare using nominal dose as toxicokinetic properties may vary. Toxicokinetic (TK) modeling is a means to estimate internal exposure concentration or dose at target and to enable extrapolation between experimental conditions and species, thereby improving hazard assessment of potential pollutants. In this study we advance currently existing TK models for ZFE with physiological ZFE parameters and novel experimental bisphenol data, a class of chemicals with suspected endocrine activity. We developed a five-compartment model consisting of water, plastic, chorion, yolk sack and embryo in which surface area and volume changes as well as the processes of biotransformation and blood circulation influence mass fluxes. For model training and validation, we measured internal concentrations in ZFE exposed individually to BPA, bisphenol AF (BPAF) and Z (BPZ). Bayesian inference was applied for parameter calibration based on the training data set of BPZ. The calibrated TK model predicted internal ZFE concentrations of the majority of external test data within a 5-fold error and half of the data within a 2-fold error for bisphenols A, AF, F, and tetrabromo bisphenol A (TBBPA). We used the developed model to rank the hazard of seven bisphenols based on predicted internal concentrations and measured in vitro estrogenicity. This ranking indicated a higher hazard for BPAF, BPZ, bisphenol B and C (BPB, BPC) than for BPA.
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| 30. |
- Chirumalla, Koteshwar, Associate Professor, et al.
(författare)
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Circular Business Models for the Electric Vehicle Battery Second Life : Navigating Battery Ecosystem Actors Towards Circularity
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The electrification of vehicles has become a critical means to achieve climate-neutral transportation. As more electric vehicles (EV) are adopted, an increasing number of lithiumion batteries will be utilized, inevitably experiencing capacity degradation over time. Retaining the value of these retired batteries through remanufacturing, reusing, and repurposing to create a second life holds significant environmental and economic benefits. However, many companies within the battery ecosystem struggle to capitalize on this opportunity due to a lack of business insight and suitable business models tailored to their operational contexts.The ReCreate (Second Life Management of Electric Vehicle Batteries) research project was initiated to address these industrial needs through close collaboration with selected companies in the battery ecosystem. The project aims to define appropriate circular business models, methods, and processes to guide battery ecosystem actors in developing and implementing electric vehicle battery second life solutions, thereby advancing circularity around batteries and climate-neutral objectives. This handbook represents the culmination of three years of research within the ReCreate project. Its purpose is to present a simplified and practical overview of project outcomes across a series of key chapters. Comprising six chapters, the handbook will begin by discussing barriers and enablers, followed by circular business models and battery ecosystem management. It will then delve into design principles and performance monitoring guidelines, concluding with an integrated framework for second life and circular solutions for EV batteries. Each chapter briefly presents the main findings of the theme and concludes with discussion questions. The discussion questions include suggestions for relevant templates for workshops, and all templates are conveniently provided in the appendix for practical application. These templates serve as boundary objects, offering a starting point for internal and external cross-functional and cross-organizational dialogues within the electric vehicle battery ecosystem. They facilitate discussions and collaborations among various stakeholders, fostering alignment and synergy in developing circular business models for the second life of EV batteries. By facilitating reflection on current business strategies, needs, and pain points, the handbook aims to aid in the definition of future second life business strategies. We anticipate that this handbook will serve as a valuable resource for actors within the EV battery ecosystem, supporting their journey towards climate-neutral transportation.
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| 31. |
- Chirumalla, Koteshwar, Associate Professor, et al.
(författare)
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Enabling battery circularity : Unlocking circular business model archetypes and collaboration forms in the electric vehicle battery ecosystem
- 2024
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Ingår i: Technological forecasting & social change. - : Elsevier Inc.. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Achieving battery circularity is crucial for meeting the targets of net-zero emission vehicles by 2030 and enabling climate-neutral transportation by 2050. To facilitate this transition, firms operating in the electric vehicle (EV) battery ecosystem must reassess their value creation, capture, and delivery methods. Although EV battery second life presents a promising solution for circularity, many vehicle manufacturers and stakeholders in the battery ecosystem struggle to adapt their organizations internally and externally due to a lack of insights into suitable circular business models. The purpose of this study is to identify viable archetypes of circular business models for EV battery second life and examine their implications on company collaborations within the EV battery ecosystem. Three main archetypes of circular business models are identified (i.e., extending, sharing, and looping business models) and further divided into eight sub-archetypes. These models are elucidated in terms of key business model dimensions, including value proposition, value co-creation, value delivery, and value capture. The paper provides visual representations of the necessary interactions and collaborations among companies in the EV battery ecosystem to effectively implement the proposed business model archetypes. This research contributes to the theory of circular business models in general, with specific relevance to EV battery circularity.
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| 32. |
- Chiulan, Ioana, et al.
(författare)
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Photopolymerization of Bio-Based Polymers in a Biomedical Engineering Perspective
- 2021
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Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society. - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 22:5, s. 1795-1814
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photopolymerization is an effective method to covalently cross-link polymer chains that can be shaped into several biomedical products and devices. Additionally, polymerization reaction may induce a fluid-solid phase transformation under physiological conditions and is ideal for in vivo cross-linking of injectable polymers. The photoinitiator is a key ingredient able to absorb the energy at a specific light wavelength and create radicals that convert the liquid monomer solution into polymers. The combination of photopolymerizable polymers, containing appropriate photoinitiators, and effective curing based on dedicated light sources offers the possibility to implement photopolymerization technology in 3D bioprinting systems. Hence, cell-laden structures with high cell viability and proliferation, high accuracy in production, and good control of scaffold geometry can be biofabricated. In this review, we provide an overview of photopolymerization technology, focusing our efforts on natural polymers, the chemistry involved, and their combination with appropriate photoinitiators to be used within 3D bioprinting and manufacturing of biomedical devices. The reviewed articles showed the impact of different factors that influence the success of the photopolymerization process and the final properties of the cross-linked materials.
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| 33. |
- Colomb-Delsuc, Mathieu, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of the percentage of full recombinant adeno-associated virus particles in a gene therapy drug using CryoTEM
- 2022
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 17:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In spite of continuous development of gene therapy vectors with thousands of drug candidates in clinical drug trials there are only a small number approved on the market today stressing the need to have characterization methods to assist in the validation of the drug development process. The level of packaging of the vector capsids appears to play a critical role in immunogenicity, hence an objective quantitative method assessing the content of particles containing a genome is an essential quality measurement. As transmission electron microscopy (TEM) allows direct visualization of the particles present in a specimen, it naturally seems as the most intuitive method of choice for characterizing recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) particle packaging. Negative stain TEM (nsTEM) is an established characterization method for analysing the packaging of viral vectors. It has however shown limitations in terms of reliability. To overcome this drawback, we propose an analytical method based on CryoTEM that unambiguously and robustly determines the percentage of filled particles in an rAAV sample. In addition, we show that at a fixed number of vector particles the portion of filled particles correlates well with the potency of the drug. The method has been validated according to the ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines and the components investigated during the validation are presented in this study. The reliability of nsTEM as a method for the assessment of filled particles is also investigated along with a discussion about the origin of the observed variability of this method.
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| 34. |
- F. Kizilcec, René, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Gender in Students’ Privacy Concerns about Learning Analytics : Evidence from five countries
- 2023
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Ingår i: LAK2023. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450398657 ; , s. 545-551, s. 545-551
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The protection of students’ privacy in learning analytics (LA) applications is critical for cultivating trust and effective implementations of LA in educational environments around the world. However, students’ privacy concerns and how they may vary along demographic dimensions that historically influence these concerns have yet to be studied in higher education. Gender differences, in particular, are known to be associated with people's information privacy concerns, including in educational settings. Building on an empirically validated model and survey instrument for student privacy concerns, their antecedents and their behavioral outcomes, we investigate the presence of gender differences in students’ privacy concerns about LA. We conducted a survey study of students in higher education across five countries (N = 762): Germany, South Korea, Spain, Sweden and the United States. Using multiple regression analysis, across all five countries, we find that female students have stronger trusting beliefs and they are more inclined to engage in self-disclosure behaviors compared to male students. However, at the country level, these gender differences are significant only in the German sample, for Bachelor's degree students, and for students between the ages of 18 and 24. Thus, national context, degree program, and age are important moderating factors for gender differences in student privacy concerns.
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| 35. |
- Gimenez-Fernandez, Elena M., et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the dynamics of openness and formal appropriability and its impact on innovation performance in start-ups
- 2023
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Ingår i: R&D Management. - : Wiley. - 0033-6807 .- 1467-9310.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A tension between openness and formal appropriability (FA) emerges in start-ups as they require both in order to attract investors or innovation partners, yet their limited resources are a challenge in this pursuit. This paper sheds light on this tension through the study of the dynamics of openness and formal appropriability over time and the impact of combining openness and formal appropriability mechanisms (FAMs) on innovation performance. Using a longitudinal panel sample of Spanish start-ups during a period of ten years, it is found that start-ups change their openness and formal appropriability strategies over their development and that a combination of openness and formal appropriability enhances start-ups' innovation performance. This combinative strategy is more relevant for start-ups during the early years of start-up growth, and if they have a high R&D intensity. The study contributes to literature that analyses the trade-off between openness and appropriability, and bridges entrepreneurship and open innovation literatures, providing valuable implications for managers.
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| 36. |
- Golosovskaia, Elena, 1993-, et al.
(författare)
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Studying mixture effects on uptake and tissue distribution of PFAS in zebrafish (Danio rerio) using physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modelling
- 2024
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 912
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitously distributed in the aquatic environment. They include persistent, mobile, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals and it is therefore critical to increase our understanding on their adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME). The current study focused on uptake of seven emerging PFAS in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and their potential maternal transfer. In addition, we aimed at increasing our understanding on mixture effects on ADME by developing a physiologically based kinetic (PBK) model capable of handling co-exposure scenarios of any number of chemicals. All studied chemicals were taken up in the fish to varying degrees, whereas only perfluorononanoate (PFNA) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) were quantified in all analysed tissues. Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) was measured at concerningly high concentrations in the brain (Cmax over 15 μg/g) but also in the liver and ovaries. All studied PFAS were maternally transferred to the eggs, with FOSA and 6:2 perfluorooctane sulfonate (6,2 FTSA) showing significant (p < 0.02) signs of elimination from the embryos during the first 6 days of development, while perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), PFNA, and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) were not eliminated in embryos during this time-frame. The mixture PBK model resulted in >85 % of predictions within a 10-fold error and 60 % of predictions within a 3-fold error. At studied levels of PFAS exposure, competitive binding was not a critical factor for PFAS kinetics. Gill surface pH influenced uptake for some carboxylates but not the sulfonates. The developed PBK model provides an important tool in understanding kinetics under complex mixture scenarios and this use of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) is critical in future risk assessment of chemicals and early warning systems.
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| 37. |
- Hauge, Jannicke M. Baalsrud, et al.
(författare)
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INTEGRATING GAMIFICATION IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SYSTEMS TO SUPPORT KNOWLEDGE PROCESSES
- 2016
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 1B. - : AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid technological changes have a large influence in the field of engineering systems. However, just being fast is not sufficient; additionally, the system has to be user-friendly, flexible and cost effective. Serious Games (SG), as fast-paced, immersive, interactive media, have not only become popular in various learning and training environments, including engineering, but there are also several examples on how game based mechanisms can be used to enhance User Experience (UX) and performance. So far, gamification of Mechanical Engineering Systems (MES) have not reached their full potential, due to the fact that gamification efforts are costly, time consuming to develop, and require the constant involvement of MES developers even for small changes. Furthermore, its adaption to IVIES requires specific knowledge in game design and development. Thus, as demand for user friendlier, intuitive interfaces increases, there is also a need for support tools that enable access to design and development of gamification mechanisms for non-SG professionals. In this context, the authors discuss the creation of a library of User Interface (UI) automation tools that enables gamification and through which tutors can create interactive learning scenarios to guide users through the functionalities of engineering systems. Such tools have the potential to support knowledge processes, respectively knowledge experiencing, conceptualizing, analyzing and applying, in engineering environments.
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| 38. |
- Hausmann, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Intercrypt sentinel macrophages tune antibacterial NF-kappa B responses in gut epithelial cells via TNF
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Medicine. - : Rockefeller University Press. - 0022-1007 .- 1540-9538. ; 218:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) NF-kappa B signaling regulates the balance between mucosal homeostasis and inflammation. It is not fully understood which signals tune this balance and how bacterial exposure elicits the process. Pure LPS induces epithelial NF-kappa B activation in vivo. However, we found that in mice, IECs do not respond directly to LPS. Instead, tissue-resident lamina propria intercrypt macrophages sense LPS via TLR4 and rapidly secrete TNF to elicit epithelial NF-kappa B signaling in their immediate neighborhood. This response pattern is relevant also during oral enteropathogen infection. The macrophage-TNF-IEC axis avoids responses to luminal microbiota LPS but enables crypt- or tissue-scale epithelial NF-kappa B responses in proportion to the microbial threat. Thereby, intercrypt macrophages fulfill important sentinel functions as first responders to Gram-negative microbes breaching the epithelial barrier. The tunability of this crypt response allows the induction of defense mechanisms at an appropriate scale according to the localization and intensity of microbial triggers.
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| 39. |
- Heyckendorf, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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What Is Resistance? Impact of Phenotypic versus Molecular Drug Resistance Testing on Therapy for Multi-and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. - : AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY. - 0066-4804 .- 1098-6596. ; 62:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid and accurate drug susceptibility testing (DST) is essential for the treatment of multi-and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (M/XDR-TB). We compared the utility of genotypic DST assays with phenotypic DST (pDST) using Bactec 960 MGIT or Lowenstein-Jensen to construct M/XDR-TB treatment regimens for a cohort of 25 consecutive M/XDR-TB patients and 15 possible anti-TB drugs. Genotypic DST results from Cepheid GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) and line probe assays (LPAs; Hain GenoType MTBDRplus 2.0 and MTBDRsl 2.0) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) were translated into individual algorithmderived treatment regimens for each patient. We further analyzed if discrepancies between the various methods were due to flaws in the genotypic or phenotypic test using MIC results. Compared with pDST, the average agreement in the number of drugs prescribed in genotypic regimens ranged from just 49% (95% confidence interval [ CI], 39 to 59%) for Xpert and 63% (95% CI, 56 to 70%) for LPAs to 93% (95% CI, 88 to 98%) for WGS. Only the WGS regimens did not contain any drugs to which pDST showed resistance. Importantly, MIC testing revealed that pDST likely underestimated the true rate of resistance for key drugs (rifampin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and kanamycin) because critical concentrations (CCs) were too high. WGS can be used to rule in resistance even in M/XDR strains with complex resistance patterns, but pDST for some drugs is still needed to confirm susceptibility and construct the final regimens. Some CCs for pDST need to be reexamined to avoid systematic false-susceptible results in low-level resistant isolates.
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| 40. |
- Hurmelinna-Laukkanen, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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What Could Possibly Go Wrong? Reflections on Potential Challenges of Open Innovation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Debating Innovation. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan Cham. - 9783031166662 ; , s. 241-260
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Open innovation (OI) has attracted great interest from both scholars and practitioners during the past decades. While the benefits of OI have been examined a lot, the potential challenges of OI have been less noted and studied. This book chapter addresses potential OI challenges in (1) value creation based on knowledge; (2) innovation appropriability and appropriation; and (3) innovation network orchestration. It introduces several “what-if” considerations and discusses some scenarios where open innovation could go wrong. The chapter reminds that open innovation has both the valuable bright side, and the challenging dark side. By recognizing and embracing the challenges, risks, and costs, innovators may be able to find a balance and turn the challenges into opportunities.
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| 41. |
- Johansson, Peter, Associate professor, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Creating balancing spaces for digital ambidexterity : Identifying divergence and competing demands in healthcare transformation initiatives
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Innovation Management. - : World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd. - 1363-9196 .- 1757-5877.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital transformation is crucial for the healthcare sector, yet research shows that it also possesses a series of challenges at system-, organisational-, and individual levels, which require balancing. In this study, we adopt paradox theory to understand the balancing practices and requirements for digitalisation in healthcare. Based on gaps in previous research and practice, this paper aims to explore what characterises the different kinds of tensions and organisational paradoxes related to digital transformation. Also, this paper discusses how balancing practices in digital transformation are constrained and enabled. The paper is based on a project run in co-production between researchers at the Mälardalen University and project partners at a healthcare Region in Sweden. In the findings, two kinds of tensions are identified in digital transformation initiatives: Divergence at different organisational levels and competing demands between past, present and future needs. The divergent views are characterised by being latent while the competing demands are characterised by being salient to the organisation. This is followed by a discussion about balancing practices enabling digital ambidexterity and spurring virtuous cycles.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Johansson, Peter, Associate professor, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Microfoundation mechanisms of dynamic capabilities for digital transformation in healthcare
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the XXXIV ISPIM Innovation Conference. - 9789526506937
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper aims to generate new insights to the complex issue of developing dynamic capabilities ( DC) for digital transformation (DT )in healthcare, and addressing the RQ: How are the microfoundations of DCs enabled or constrained in the context of DT initiatives in healthcare? In the findings, three levels of DC are identified: Ad hoc capabilities(AC), Micro-context and Shared DC. Further, the analysis identified enablers and constraints for AC, micro-context DC and shared DC. In some situations, the factors that act as constraints at shared DC level were also identified as enablers for AC and micro-context. This indicates that some of the very things that lay the grounds for microfoundations of DC may also hamper organisationally shared DC. This points to a continuous dynamic between the AC, micro-context and shared DC levels, where calibration at all levels is necessary in order to obtain and maintain DC on all organisational levels
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| 44. |
- Johnsson, Mikael, Dr, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Problems and Answers When OrganisingInternational Innovation Contests in Cross-border Collaboration
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of XXXIV ISPIM Innovation Conference. - 9789526506937
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we build on prior research to explore problems arising and answers attempted when an international innovation contest (IC) is organised by multiple organisations in cross-border collaboration. A Consortium involving ten science parks and one university developed a multistage IC, consisting of four phases: exploration, ideation, implementation and international market launch. This study focuses on the first two phases. The Consortium attractedparticipation from 300 challenge owners from twelve countries, generating 559 proposals by 318 SMEs from 36 countries. The empirical setting is explored in great detail. Data were collected through open-ended written questionnaires and field notes. Identified problems were related to four themes: collaboration, coordination, communication, and commitment. These could be further divided into internal and external problems. Practical implications and future research avenues are suggested.
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| 45. |
- Klimek, Ludger, et al.
(författare)
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In-vivo diagnostic test allergens in Europe : A call to action and proposal for recovery plan-An EAACI position paper
- 2020
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Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 75:9, s. 2161-2169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diagnostic allergens are defined as medicinal products in the EU. Marketing authorization by national authorities is necessary; however, diagnostic allergens are not homogeneously regulated in different EU member states. Allergen manufacturers argue with increasing costs forcing them to continuously reduce the diagnostic allergen portfolios offered to allergists. In contrast, EAACI and national European Allergy Societies see the need for the availability of a wide range of high‐quality diagnostic allergens for in vivo diagnosis of IgE‐mediated allergies not only covering predominant but also less frequent allergen sources. In a recent EAACI task force survey, the current practice of allergy diagnosis was shown to rely on skin tests as first option in almost 2/3 of all types of allergic diseases and in 90% regarding respiratory allergies.With the need to ensure the availability of high‐quality diagnostic allergens in the EU, an action plan has been set up by EAACI to analyse the current regulatory demands in EU member states and to define possible solutions stated in this document: (a) simplification of authorization for diagnostic allergens; (b) specific regulation of special types of diagnostic allergens; (c) new models beyond the current model of homologous groups; (d) simplification of pharmacovigilance reporting; (e) reduction of regulation fees for diagnostic allergens; (f) reimbursement for diagnostic allergens.Joining forces of allergists, manufacturers and authorities are of high importance to ensure remaining relevant allergens in the EU markets to facilitate a sustainable and comprehensive service for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Niesten, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Embracing the Paradox of Interorganizational Value Co-creation–Value Capture : A Literature Review towards Paradox Resolution
- 2019
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Ingår i: International journal of management reviews (Print). - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1460-8545 .- 1468-2370. ; 21:2, s. 231-255
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study reviews literature on paradoxical tensions between value co-creation and capture in interorganizational relationships (IORs). The purpose of this review is to make a re-evaluation of the literature by engaging a paradox theory lens, thereby identifying factors that render tensions salient and factors that lead to virtuous or vicious cycles. This review of 143 articles reveals factors that make tensions salient; these relate to plurality (e.g. coopetition), scarcity (e.g. lack of experience with IORs), change (e.g. changes in collaboration scope) or combinations thereof (e.g. IORs in weak appropriability regimes). Results also uncover factors that resolve paradoxical tensions of value co-creation and capture, thus spurring virtuous cycles (e.g. carefully mixing trust and contracts), as well as factors that promote vicious cycles, owing to the emphasis on either value co-creation or capture (e.g. myopia of learning). This review also uncovers a new category of factors that may stimulate either virtuous or vicious cycles, depending on the extent to which they are enforced. This finding expands the value co-creation–capture paradox resolution, and brings to light new dynamics in the paradox framework of dynamic equilibrium. The authors thus contribute by: (1) reassessing the existing literature and applying paradox theory to the well-known hazard of value co-creation and capture; (2) highlighting factors that amplify paradoxical tensions related to this hazard; and (3) outlining factors that solve the paradox by embracing its contradictory poles and factors that hinder paradox resolution by emphasizing either value co-creation or appropriation.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Ritala, P., et al.
(författare)
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A paradox within the paradox of openness : The knowledge leveraging conundrum in open innovation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier Inc.. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 93, s. 281-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Firms’ innovative capabilities and performance increasingly rely on successful search and integration of internal and external knowledge. To this end, firms engage in various open innovation relationships, aiming to create and capture value in multi-actor contexts. This can give rise to a “paradox of openness” due to the contradictory role of knowledge as a key resource that creates value when shared, but also as a source of appropriability challenges. We explore the concept of a “paradox within a paradox;” the knowledge-leveraging paradox embedded within the paradox of openness. We integrate a knowledge-based view with paradox theory and develop a conceptual model to pinpoint core knowledge-related transferability and exposure tensions. We then show how these tensions are inversely moderated by innovation-related knowledge ambiguity. This ambiguity amplifies transferability tensions by making the knowledge more difficult to transfer and integrate across organizational boundaries, while relieving exposure tensions for the same reasons. We discuss potential solutions for resolving these core knowledge-related tensions by identifying separation and restructuring mechanisms that can facilitate simultaneous knowledge transfer and alleviate exposure hazards.
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| 50. |
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