| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Wang, Fang, et al.
(author)
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Emerging contaminants: A One Health perspective
- 2024
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In: Innovation. - 2666-6758. ; 5
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Environmental pollution is escalating due to rapid global development that often prioritizes human needs over planetary health. Despite global efforts to mitigate legacy pollutants, the continuous introduction of new substances remains a major threat to both people and the planet. In response, global initiatives are focusing on risk assessment and regulation of emerging contaminants, as demonstrated by the ongoing efforts to establish the UN's Intergovernmental Science-Policy Panel on Chemicals, Waste, and Pollution Prevention. This review identifies the sources and impacts of emerging contaminants on planetary health, emphasizing the importance of adopting a One Health approach. Strategies for monitoring and addressing these pollutants are discussed, underscoring the need for robust and socially equitable environmental policies at both regional and international levels. Urgent actions are needed to transition toward sustainable pollution management practices to safeguard our planet for future generations.
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| 3. |
- Cao, Qing, et al.
(author)
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Impact of ENSO regimes on developing- and decaying-phase precipitation during rainy season in China
- 2017
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In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1027-5606 .- 1607-7938. ; 21:11, s. 5415-5426
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study investigated the influence of five El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) types on rainy-season precipitation in China: central Pacific warming (CPW), eastern Pacific cooling (EPC), eastern Pacific warming (EPW), conventional ENSO and ENSO Modoki. The multi-scale moving t test was applied to determine the onset and withdrawal of rainy season. Results showed that the precipitation anomaly can reach up to 30 % above average precipitation during decaying CPW and EPW phases. Developing EPW could cause decreasing precipitation over large areas in China with 10-30 % lower than average precipitation in most areas. Conventional El Niño in the developing phase had the largest influence on ENSO-related precipitation among developing ENSO and ENSO Modoki regimes. Decaying ENSO also showed a larger effect on precipitation anomalies, compared to decaying ENSO Modoki. The difference between rainy-season precipitation under various ENSO regimes may be attributed to the combined influence of anti-cyclone in the western North Pacific and the Indian monsoon. Stronger monsoon and anti-cyclone are associated with enhanced rainy-season precipitation. The results suggest a certain predictability of rainy-season precipitation related to ENSO regimes.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Liu, Lianhua, et al.
(author)
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Heavy metal accumulation, geochemical fractions, and loadings in two agricultural watersheds with distinct climate conditions
- 2020
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In: Journal of Hazardous Materials. - : Elsevier. - 0304-3894 .- 1873-3336. ; 389
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The main aim of this study was to explore the effects of climate conditions on the transport and transformation of heavy metals. Sedimentary geochemical analysis and watershed modeling were used to investigate the distinctions between heavy metal pollution under different climate conditions. The results showed that the average concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Pb in sediments of the subtropical watershed (36.64, 0.60, and 133.69 mg/kg, respectively) were higher than those of the temperate watershed (26.58, 0.19, and 23.17 mg/kg, respectively) because of surface runoff-induced heavy metal loadings under higher precipitation. Also, the labile fractions, which mainly originated from anthropogenic sources, showed higher percentages in the subtropical watershed (67.84-91.33%), thereby indicating that the transport of heavy metals was promoted by surface runoff. Moreover, higher percentages of acid-soluble fractions of Cu and Pb (23.55-33.60%) in the subtropical watershed suggested that higher temperatures accelerated the transformation of heavy metal fractions, thus contributing to the transportation of heavy metals. Overall, climate conditions were the dominant factors for the differences between the subtropical and temperate watersheds. The results of this study suggest that the effects of climate conditions on the transport, enrichment, and bioavailability of heavy metals are of great significance. Such effects should therefore be the focus of future studies.
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| 6. |
- Perng, Bo Hao, et al.
(author)
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Mapping distribution of woody plant species richness from field rapid assessment and machine learning
- 2024
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In: Taiwania. - 0372-333X. ; 69, s. 1-15
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sustainable forest management needs information on spatial distribution of species richness. The objectives of this study were to understand whether knowledge, method, and effort of a rapid assessment affected accuracy and consistency in mapping species richness. A simulation study was carried out with nine 25–50 ha census plots located in tropical, subtropical, and temperate zones. Each forest site was first tessellated into non-overlapping cells. Rapid assessment was conducted in all cells to generate a complete coverage of proxies of the underlying species richness. Cells were subsampled for census, where all plant individuals were identified to species in these census cells. An artificial neural network model was built using the census cells that contain rapid assessment and census information. The model then predicted species richness of cells that were not censused. Results showed that knowledge level did not improve the accuracy and consistency in mapping species richness. Rapid assessment effort and method significantly affected the accuracy and consistency. Increasing rapid assessment effort from 10 to 40 plant individuals could improve the accuracy and consistency up to 2.2% and 2.8%, respectively. Transect reduced accuracy and consistency by up to 0.5% and 0.8%, respectively. This study suggests that knowing at least half of the species in a forest is sufficient for a rapid assessment. At least 20 plant individuals per cell is recommended for rapid assessment. Lastly, a rapid assessment could be carried out by local communities that are familiar with their forests; thus, further supporting sustainable forest management.
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| 7. |
- Yue, Siyao, et al.
(author)
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Brown carbon from biomass burning imposes strong circum-Arctic warming
- 2022
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In: ONE EARTH. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 5:3, s. 293-304
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rapid warming in the Arctic has a huge impact on the global environment. Atmospheric brown carbon (BrC) is one of the least understood and uncertain warming agents due to a scarcity of observations. Here, we performed direct observations of atmospheric BrC and quantified its light-absorbing properties during a 2 month circum-Arctic cruise in summer of 2017. Through observation-constrained modeling, we show that BrC, mainly originated from biomass burning in the mid-to high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere (similar to 60%), can be a strong warming agent in the Arctic region, especially in the summer, with an average radiative forcing of-90 mW m(-2) (similar to 30% relative to black carbon). As climate change is projected to increase the frequency, intensity, and spread of wildfires, we expect BrC to play an increasing role in Arctic warming in the future.
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| 8. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(author)
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Measurement of the leptonic decay width of J/psi using initial state radiation
- 2016
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In: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 761, s. 98-103
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using a data set of 2.93 fb(-1) taken at a center-of-mass energy of root s = 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we measure the process e(+) e(-) -> J/psi gamma -> mu(+)mu(-)gamma and determine the product of the branching fraction and the electronic width B-mu mu . Gamma(ee) = (333.4 +/- 2.5(stat) +/- 4.4(sys)) eV. Using the earlier-published BESIII result for B-mu mu = (5.973 +/- 0.007(stat) +/- 0.037(sys))%, we derive the J/psi electronic width Gamma(ee) = (5.58 +/- 0.05(stat) +/- 0.08(sys)) keV. (C) 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 9. |
- Ariyawansa, Hiran A., et al.
(author)
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Fungal diversity notes 111–252—taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa
- 2015
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In: Fungal diversity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1560-2745 .- 1878-9129. ; 75, s. 27-274
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper is a compilation of notes on 142 fungal taxa, including five new families, 20 new genera, and 100 new species, representing a wide taxonomic and geographic range. The new families, Ascocylindricaceae, Caryosporaceae and Wicklowiaceae (Ascomycota) are introduced based on their distinct lineages and unique morphology. The new Dothideomycete genera Pseudomassariosphaeria (Amniculicolaceae), Heracleicola, Neodidymella and P s e u d o m i c ros p h a e r i o p s i s ( D id y m e l l a c e a e ) , P s e u d o p i t h o m y c e s ( D i d y m o s p h a e r i a c e a e ) , Brunneoclavispora, Neolophiostoma and Sulcosporium (Halotthiaceae), Lophiohelichrysum (Lophiostomataceae), G a l l i i c o l a , Popul o c re s c e n t i a a nd Va g i c o l a (Phaeosphaeriaceae), Ascocylindrica (Ascocylindricaceae), E l o n g a t o p e d i c e l l a t a ( R o u s s o e l l a c e a e ) , Pseudoasteromassaria (Latoruaceae) and Pseudomonodictys (Macrodiplodiopsidaceae) are introduced. The newly described species of Dothideomycetes (Ascomycota) are Pseudomassariosphaeria bromicola (Amniculicolaceae), Flammeascoma lignicola (Anteagloniaceae), Ascocylindrica marina (Ascocylindricaceae) , Lembosia xyliae (Asterinaceae), Diplodia crataegicola and Diplodia galiicola ( B o t r yosphae r i a cea e ) , Caryospor a aquat i c a (Caryosporaceae), Heracleicola premilcurensis and Neodi dymell a thai landi cum (Didymellaceae) , Pseudopithomyces palmicola (Didymosphaeriaceae), Floricola viticola (Floricolaceae), Brunneoclavispora bambusae, Neolophiostoma pigmentatum and Sulcosporium thailandica (Halotthiaceae), Pseudoasteromassaria fagi (Latoruaceae), Keissleriella dactylidicola (Lentitheciaceae), Lophiohelichrysum helichrysi (Lophiostomataceae), Aquasubmersa japonica (Lophiotremataceae) , Pseudomonodictys tectonae (Macrodiplodiopsidaceae), Microthyrium buxicola and Tumidispora shoreae (Microthyriaceae), Alloleptosphaeria clematidis, Allophaeosphaer i a c y t i s i , Allophaeosphae r i a subcylindrospora, Dematiopleospora luzulae, Entodesmium artemisiae, Galiicola pseudophaeosphaeria, Loratospora(Basidiomycota) are introduced together with a new genus Neoantrodiella (Neoantrodiellaceae), here based on both morphology coupled with molecular data. In the class Agaricomycetes, Agaricus pseudolangei, Agaricus haematinus, Agaricus atrodiscus and Agaricus exilissimus (Agaricaceae) , Amanita m e l l e i a l b a , Amanita pseudosychnopyramis and Amanita subparvipantherina (Amanitaceae), Entoloma calabrum, Cora barbulata, Dictyonema gomezianum and Inocybe granulosa (Inocybaceae), Xerocomellus sarnarii (Boletaceae), Cantharellus eucalyptorum, Cantharellus nigrescens, Cantharellus tricolor and Cantharellus variabilicolor (Cantharellaceae), Cortinarius alboamarescens, Cortinarius brunneoalbus, Cortinarius ochroamarus, Cortinarius putorius and Cortinarius seidlii (Cortinariaceae), Hymenochaete micropora and Hymenochaete subporioides (Hymenochaetaceae), Xylodon ramicida (Schizoporaceae), Colospora andalasii (Polyporaceae), Russula guangxiensis and Russula hakkae (Russulaceae), Tremella dirinariae, Tremella graphidis and Tremella pyrenulae (Tremellaceae) are introduced. Four new combinations Neoantrodiella gypsea, Neoantrodiella thujae (Neoantrodiellaceae), Punctulariopsis cremeoalbida, Punctulariopsis efibulata (Punctulariaceae) are also introduced here for the division Basidiomycota. Furthermore Absidia caatinguensis, Absidia koreana and Gongronella koreana (Cunninghamellaceae), Mortierella pisiformis and Mortierella formosana (Mortierellaceae) are newly introduced in the Zygomycota, while Neocallimastix cameroonii and Piromyces irregularis (Neocallimastigaceae) ar e i n t roduced i n the Neocallimastigomycota. Reference specimens or changes in classification and notes are provided for Alternaria ethzedia, Cucurbitaria ephedricola, Austropleospora, Austropleospora archidendri, Byssosphaeria rhodomphala, Lophiostoma caulium, Pseudopithomyces maydicus, Massariosphaeria, Neomassariosphaeria and Pestalotiopsis montellica.
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| 10. |
- Augustsson, Per, et al.
(author)
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Iso-acoustic focusing of cells for size-insensitive acousto-mechanical phenotyping
- 2016
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In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mechanical phenotyping of single cells is an emerging tool for cell classification, enabling assessment of effective parameters relating to cells' interior molecular content and structure. Here, we present iso-acoustic focusing, an equilibrium method to analyze the effective acoustic impedance of single cells in continuous flow. While flowing through a microchannel, cells migrate sideways, influenced by an acoustic field, into streams of increasing acoustic impedance, until reaching their cell-type specific point of zero acoustic contrast. We establish an experimental procedure and provide theoretical justifications and models for iso-acoustic focusing. We describe a method for providing a suitable acoustic contrast gradient in a cell-friendly medium, and use acoustic forces to maintain that gradient in the presence of destabilizing forces. Applying this method we demonstrate iso-acoustic focusing of cell lines and leukocytes, showing that acoustic properties provide phenotypic information independent of size.
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| 11. |
- Aung, Su Htike, et al.
(author)
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2-(4-Butoxyphenyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide : An Efficient Preadsorber for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
- 2017
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In: ACS Omega. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2470-1343. ; 2:5, s. 1820-1825
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effect of chemical modification of mesoporous TiO2 electrodes by 2-(4-butoxyphenyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide (BPHA) before dye adsorption is investigated in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). Two organic dyes, LEG4 and Dyenamo blue, were used in combination with the cobalt (II/III) tris(bipyridine) redox couple. The photovoltaic performance of the DSCs is clearly enhanced by BPHA. Preadsorption of mesoporous TiO2 electrodes with BPHA lowered the amount of adsorbed dye but improved the shortcircuit current densities and the power conversion efficiencies by 10-20%, while keeping the open-circuit potential essentially unaffected. Notably, BPHA improved the LEG4 performance, whereas it has been reported for this dye that chenodeoxycholic acid as a coadsorbent lowers solar cell efficiency. Faster dye regeneration was found to be one reason for improved performance, but improved electron injection efficiency may also contribute to the favorable effect of BPHA.
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| 12. |
- Aung, Su Htike, et al.
(author)
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Kinetic study of carminic acid and santalin natural dyes in dye-sensitized solar cells
- 2016
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In: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A. - : Elsevier BV. - 1010-6030 .- 1873-2666. ; 325, s. 1-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The performance of natural dyes in dye-sensitized solar cells is usually worse than that of purpose-built organic dyes. Here, we set out to investigate the underlying origins. Two natural dyes, carminic acid and santalin, were selected as potential sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. They were compared to a state-of-the-art organic sensitizer, LEG4, in devices using relatively thin (5 mu m), transparent mesoporous TiO2 electrodes and iodide/triiodide redox electrolyte in the low-volatile solvent 3-methoxypropionitrile. All dyes adsorbed well onto mesoporous TiO2 electrodes, giving it bright red colors. The power conversion efficiency of the natural dyes, about 0.5%, was poor compared to that of LEG4 under identical conditions (5.6%), due to both lower open circuit potentials and photocurrent densities. The origin of low efficiencies was investigated using a wide range of experimental techniques, such as (spectro)electrochemistry, ns-laser transient absorption spectroscopy and transient photocurrent and photovoltage measurements. The kinetics for regeneration of the oxidized natural dyes by iodide was found to about ten times slower than that of LEG4. This is probably due to the lower driving force for this reaction. Significant electron recombination to oxidized dye molecules and possibly poor electron injection efficiency caused the poor performance of the two natural dyes in dye-sensitized solar cells. In addition, for carminic acid electron injection into the conduction band of TiO2 appears to be poor. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 13. |
- Cao, Qing, et al.
(author)
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ENSO influence on rainy season precipitation over the Yangtze River Basin
- 2017
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In: Water. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4441. ; 9:7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The paper explores the impact of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on rainy season precipitation properties over the Yangtze River Basin. The multi-scale moving t-test was used to determine the onset and withdrawal of the rainy season. Results showed the following: (1) Onset and withdrawal of the averaged rainy season over the Yangtze River Basin showed a similar distribution and both progressed northwards and westwards. There is a trend for delayed onset of rainy season precipitation over the Yangtze River Basin. A similar trend in the withdrawal of rainy season precipitation was not found. (2) The decaying Central and Eastern PacificWarming are indicative of wet signals in the Yangtze River Basin, with precipitation anomalies up to 25% above normal. The decaying Eastern Pacific Cooling and developing Eastern PacificWarming are indicative of dry signals over the Yangtze River Basin, with 5-20% lower than average precipitation (3) ENSO Modoki in the developing phase is more important than the developing ENSO when it comes to present wetter or drier signals. Conversely, the decaying ENSO shows more prominent wet or dry signals than the decaying ENSO Modoki.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Castner, Ashleigh T., et al.
(author)
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Microscopic Insights into Cation-Coupled Electron HoppingTransport in a Metal-Organic Framework br
- 2022
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In: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 144:13, s. 5910-5920
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Electron transport through metal-organic frameworks by ahopping mechanism between discrete redox active sites is coupled to diffusion-migration of charge-balancing counter cations. Experimentally determinedapparent diffusion coefficients,Deapp, that characterize this form of chargetransport thus contain contributions from both processes. While this is wellestablished for MOFs, microscopic descriptions of this process are largelylacking. Herein, we systematically lay out different scenarios for cation-coupledelectron transfer processes that are at the heart of charge diffusion throughMOFs. Through systematic variations of solvents and electrolyte cations, it isshown that theDeappfor charge migration through a PIZOF-type MOF,Zr(dcphOH-NDI) that is composed of redox-active naphthalenediimide(NDI) linkers, spans over 2 orders of magnitude. More importantly, however,the microscopic mechanisms for cation-coupled electron propagation arecontingent on differing factors depending on the size of the cation and its propensity to engage in ion pairs with reduced linkers,either non-specifically or in defined structural arrangements. Based on computations and in agreement with experimental results, weshow that ion pairing generally has an adverse effect on cation transport, thereby slowing down charge transport. In Zr(dcphOH-NDI), however, specific cation-linker interactions can open pathways for concerted cation-coupled electron transfer processes thatcan outcompete limitations from reduced cationflux.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Fenstermacher, M.E., et al.
(author)
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DIII-D research advancing the physics basis for optimizing the tokamak approach to fusion energy
- 2022
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In: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 62:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- DIII-D physics research addresses critical challenges for the operation of ITER and the next generation of fusion energy devices. This is done through a focus on innovations to provide solutions for high performance long pulse operation, coupled with fundamental plasma physics understanding and model validation, to drive scenario development by integrating high performance core and boundary plasmas. Substantial increases in off-axis current drive efficiency from an innovative top launch system for EC power, and in pressure broadening for Alfven eigenmode control from a co-/counter-I p steerable off-axis neutral beam, all improve the prospects for optimization of future long pulse/steady state high performance tokamak operation. Fundamental studies into the modes that drive the evolution of the pedestal pressure profile and electron vs ion heat flux validate predictive models of pedestal recovery after ELMs. Understanding the physics mechanisms of ELM control and density pumpout by 3D magnetic perturbation fields leads to confident predictions for ITER and future devices. Validated modeling of high-Z shattered pellet injection for disruption mitigation, runaway electron dissipation, and techniques for disruption prediction and avoidance including machine learning, give confidence in handling disruptivity for future devices. For the non-nuclear phase of ITER, two actuators are identified to lower the L-H threshold power in hydrogen plasmas. With this physics understanding and suite of capabilities, a high poloidal beta optimized-core scenario with an internal transport barrier that projects nearly to Q = 10 in ITER at ∼8 MA was coupled to a detached divertor, and a near super H-mode optimized-pedestal scenario with co-I p beam injection was coupled to a radiative divertor. The hybrid core scenario was achieved directly, without the need for anomalous current diffusion, using off-axis current drive actuators. Also, a controller to assess proximity to stability limits and regulate β N in the ITER baseline scenario, based on plasma response to probing 3D fields, was demonstrated. Finally, innovative tokamak operation using a negative triangularity shape showed many attractive features for future pilot plant operation.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Hao, Dong-Xia, et al.
(author)
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Residue-level elucidation of the ligand-induced protein binding on phenyl-argarose microspheres by NMR hydrogen/deuterium exchange technique
- 2012
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In: Soft Matter. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1744-683X .- 1744-6848. ; 8:23, s. 6248-6255
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Protein-ligand interactions on liquid-solid interfaces governed the design of functional biomaterials. However, accurate residue details of ligand induced protein binding and unfolding on an interface were still unknown by the current ensemble of protein structure characterizations. Here, a hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) approach coupled with analysis of NMR TOCSY spectra and the solvent accessible surface area (SASA) was designed to enable residue level understanding of lysozyme adsorbed at a phenyl-ligand modified surface. Results showed that the binding sites and unfolding of lysozyme molecules on phenyl-agarose microspheres demonstrated significant ligand-density dependence and protein-coverage dependence. Either increasing ligand density or decreasing adsorption coverage would lead to more binding sites and unfolding of the protein molecules. With the multipoint adsorption strengthening, the protein molecule changed from lying end-on to side-on. Finally, Molecular Dock simulation was utilized to evaluate the NMR determined binding sites based on energy ranking of the binding. It confirmed that this NMR approach represents a reliable route to in silico abundant residue-level structural information during protein interaction with biomaterials.
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| 20. |
- Hoyme, Helge, et al.
(author)
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Nonwoven geotextile scour protection at offshore wind parks, application and life cycle assessment
- 2019
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In: Scour and Erosion IX - Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Scour and Erosion, ICSE 2018. ; , s. 315-321
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The sand surrounding a construction (e.g. monopile) for mounting an offshore wind turbine, could be scoured due to the affection of natural water flow at the ocean floor. To tackle the phenomena, scour protection methods have been established. Mostly rocks are used, but also one alternative, described in this paper, has been used already successfully: The installation of Geotextile Sand Containers.
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| 21. |
- Hu, Guojie, et al.
(author)
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Water and heat coupling processes and its simulation in frozen soils : Current status and future research directions
- 2023
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In: Catena. - : Elsevier BV. - 0341-8162. ; 222
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To date, most studies on coupled-water-and-heat processes in frozen soils haves focused on the mechanism of changes in frozen soil and the contribution of climate change, hydrological processes, and ecosystems in cold regions. Several studies have demonstrated considerable improvements in the accuracy of simulating water and heat transfer processes in cold regions. However, substantial differences remain among the different models and parameterizations because of the lack of observations and in-depth understanding of the water and heat transfer processes. Hence, it is necessary to summarize recent advances in the simulation of water-and-heat-coupling processes and challenges for further research. Therefore, we present a theory-focused summary of progress in this field considering the aspects of water flow and coupled-water-and-heat transfer. The simulation progress is discussed in terms of physical process models; one type of model only considers the heat conduction transfer processes without water flow, and the other considers coupled-water-and-heat transfer processes. Aspects of model deficiencies related to non-conductive heat transfer and soil water transfer processes in the frozen soil are also summarized. Moreover, the major parameterizations are reviewed, including phase changes, freeze–thaw fronts, thermal conductivity, hydraulic conductivity, snow processes, surface parameterization schemes, ground ice, and lower boundary conditions. While models and parameterizations can suitably capture local-scale water and heat transfer processes in frozen soil, their applications are spatiotemporally constrained, requiring further improvement. We provide a theoretical basis for further studying water and heat transfer processes in frozen soil and suggest that future research should enhance the accuracy of frozen soil parameterization and improve the understanding of the coupling of water and heat transfer processes based on improved observation techniques and high-resolution data.
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| 22. |
- Hu, Zhensong, et al.
(author)
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AMUSE-Antlia. I. Nuclear X-Ray Properties of Early-type Galaxies in a Dynamically Young Galaxy Cluster
- 2023
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In: Astrophysical Journal. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 956:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To understand the formation and growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and their coevolution with host galaxies, it is essential to know the impact of environment on the activity of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We present new Chandra X-ray observations of nuclear emission from member galaxies in the Antlia cluster, the nearest non-cool core and the nearest merging galaxy cluster, residing at D = 35.2 Mpc. Its inner region, centered on two dominant galaxies NGC 3268 and NGC 3258, has been mapped with three deep Chandra ACIS-I pointings. Nuclear X-ray sources are detected in 7/84 (8.3%) early-type galaxies (ETG) and 2/8 (25%) late-type galaxies with a median detection limit of 8 × 1038 erg s−1. All nuclear X-ray sources but one have a corresponding radio continuum source detected by MeerKAT at the L band. Nuclear X-ray sources detected in early-type galaxies are considered the genuine X-ray counterpart of low-luminosity AGN. When restricted to a detection limit of log ( L X / erg s − 1 ) ≥ 38.9 and a stellar mass of 10 ≤ log ( M ⋆ / M ⊙ ) < 11.6 , six of 11 ETGs are found to contain an X-ray AGN in Antlia, exceeding the AGN occupation fraction of 7/39 (18.0%) and 2/12 (16.7%) in the more relaxed, cool core clusters, Virgo and Fornax, respectively, and rivaling that of the AMUSE-Field ETG of 27/49 (55.1%). Furthermore, more than half of the X-ray AGN in Antlia is hosted by its younger subcluster, centered on NGC 3258. We believe that this is because SMBH activity is enhanced in a dynamically young cluster compared to relatively relaxed clusters.
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| 23. |
- Huang, Ketuan, et al.
(author)
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Genetic variants and Expression of Cytochrome p450 Oxidoreductase Predict Postoperative Survival in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- 2019
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In: Journal of Cancer. - : IVYSPRING INT PUBL. - 1837-9664. ; 10:6, s. 1453-1465
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Our current study investigates the prognostic values of genetic variants and mRNA expression of cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase (POR) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 19 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the exons of POR were genotyped using Sanger sequencing from 476 HBV-related HCC patients who underwent hepatectomy between 2003 and 2013. The mRNA expression of POR in 212 patients with HBV-related HCC was obtained from GSE14520 dataset. Survival analysis was performed to investigate the association of POR variants and mRNA expression with overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Nomograms were used to predict the prognosis of HBV-related HCC patients. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to investigate the mechanism of POR in HBV-related HCC prognosis. The polymorphism POR-rs1057868 was significantly associated with HBV-related HCC OS (CT/TT vs. CC, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.54, 0.88], P = 0.003), but not significantly associated with RFS (CT/TT vs. CC, P = 0.378). POR mRNA expression was also significantly associated with HBV-related HCC OS (high vs. low, HR = 0.61, 95% CI = [0.38, 0.97], P= 0.036), but not significantly associated with the RFS (high vs. low, P = 0.201). Two nomograms were developed to predict the HBV-related HCC OS. Furthermore, GSEA suggests that multiple gene sets were significantly enriched in liver cancer survival and recurrence, as well as POR-related target therapy in the liver. In conclusion, our study suggests that POR-rs1057868 and mRNA expression may serve as a potential postoperative prognosis biomarker in HBV-related HCC.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Ji, Xue-Ping, et al.
(author)
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Tapirus yunnanensis from Shuitangba, a terminal Miocenehominoid site in Zhaotong, Yunnan Province of China
- 2015
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In: Vertebrata Palasiatica. ; 53:3, s. 177-192
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The fossil tapirid records of Late Miocene and Early Pliocene were quite poor in Chinaas before known. The recent excavations of the terminal Miocene hominoid site (between 6 and6.5 Ma) at Shuitangba site, Zhaotong in Yunnan Province resulted in the discovery of rich tapirfossils, which include left maxilla with P2-M2 and mandibles with complete lower dentitions.The new fossil materials can be referred to Tapirus yunnanensis, which represents a quite small species of the genus Tapirus. But T. yunnanensis is slightly larger than another Late Miocenespecies T. hezhengensis from Gansu, northwest China, both of which are remarkably smallerthan the Plio-Pleistocene Tapirus species in China. The new fossils provided more information todefine the species T. yunnanensis more precisely. Yunnan can be regarded as one of the centers oftapir evolution during the Mid-Late Miocene period, as quite a number of Mid-Late Miocene tapirfossils have been recovered in several localities of Yunnan, which include Xiaolongtan, Yuanmou,Lufeng, Zhaotong and others. Based on the measurements of tooth size, the late Cenozoic tapirswere generally getting larger gradually through time in China, which means the tooth sizescoincide well with their geological ages, the later the larger, and all the Mid-Late Miocene tapirsare exclusively small-sized; thus, the tooth size of fossil tapirs in China is likely to have somesignificance in age estimation. By contrary, both the dwarf and the normal-sized or larger-sizedtapirs were discovered from Mid-Late Miocene strata in Europe and North America.
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| 26. |
- Ju, Haoran, et al.
(author)
-
LES and URANS study on turbulent flow through 3 x 3 rod bundle with spacer grid and mixing vanes using spectral element method
- 2021
-
In: Annals of Nuclear Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4549 .- 1873-2100. ; 161, s. 108474-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, the turbulent flow in rod bundles with spacer grid and mixing vanes in nuclear reactor core was studied using spectral element method with large eddy simulation (LES) and unsteady RANS (URANS) method. Combining with the radial periodical boundary conditions, the turbulent mixing phenomena in central subchannels were investigated, especially focusing on the flow field after the spacer grid and mixing vanes. Other than setting up long bare rod bundle to establish the fully developed turbulent flow, only a 2-cm-long bare rod bundle was extruded upstream the spacer grid and mixing vanes, while the fully developed laminar velocity profile was applied on the inlet surface for velocity boundary settings. The results indicate that both of the models could predict time-averaged velocity at 0.5Dh, 1Dh, 4Dh downstream mixing vanes properly, while the URANS model underestimate the root-mean-square (RMS) value of fluctuating velocity due to the inlet treatment effect. Furthermore, turbulent kinetic energy contour with transverse velocity vector was combined to investigate the behaviors of vortices formed by split-type mixing vanes, revealing the behavior of vortices for preliminary dynamic and mechanic analysis in design process of fuel assembly.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Li, Hairong, et al.
(author)
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Comparative Studies on Rigid pi Linker-Based Organic Dyes : Structure-Property Relationships and Photovoltaic Performance
- 2014
-
In: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 7:12, s. 3396-3406
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A series of six structurally correlated donor-pi bridge-acceptor organic dyes were designed, synthesized, and applied as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells. Using the most widely studied donor (triarylamine) and cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene or cyclopenta[1,2-b: 5,4-b’] dithiophene[2’,1’:4,5]thieno[2,3-d] thiophene as pi spacers, their structure-property relationships were investigated in depth by photophysical techniques and theoretical calculations. It was found that the photovoltaic performance of these dyes largely depends on their electronic structures, which requires synergistic interaction between donors and acceptors. Increasing the electron richness of the donor or the elongation of pi-conjugated bridges does not necessarily lead to higher performance. Rather, it is essential to rationally design the dyes by balancing their light-harvesting capability with achieving suitable energy levels to guarantee unimpeded charge separation and transport.
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| 29. |
- Li, Su-Chen, et al.
(author)
-
Roles of miR-196a on gene regulation of neuroendocrine tumor cells
- 2015
-
In: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0303-7207 .- 1872-8057. ; 412:C, s. 131-139
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study aims at investigating miR-196a roles using in vitro models. miR-196a was detected in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETS) and lung NETs. miR-196a target prediction analysis suggested HOXA9, HOXB7, LRP4 and RSPO2 genes for further investigation. The level of these four genes is detectable in SI-NET tissue specimens at different disease stages and serum samples of untreated and somatostatin analogs treated patients with liver metastases. A miR-196a inhibitor was used to silence its effects in NET cells. We show that the four target genes were significantly upregulated at transcriptional level in silenced NET cells. HOXA9, HOXB7, LRP4 and RSPO2 encoded proteins are also upregulated at translational level in miR-196a silenced NET cells. miR-196a downstream genes BMP4, ETS1, CTNNB1, FZD5, LEP5 and LRP6 were significantly upregulated at transcriptional level in miR-196a silenced CNDT2.5 and NCI-H727 cells. In addition, miR-196a clearly does not play a role in NET cell growth control.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Liang, Jie, et al.
(author)
-
Syntheses, structure solutions, and catalytic performance of two novel layered silicates
- 2015
-
In: Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-9226 .- 1477-9234. ; 44:35, s. 15567-15575
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Two novel layered silicates, PKU-13 and PKU-13a, were hydrothermally synthesized by using trimethyl-propylammonium hydroxide as the structure directing agent (SDA). Their structures were solved by using powder X-ray diffraction data in combination with electron diffraction technique and NMR spectroscopy. These two silicates are built from the same r52 layer in different stacking modes: the adjacent r52 layers in PKU-13a have a 0.5b + 0.68c shift compared with those in PKU-13. The difference is due to the SDA cations located between the layers. The SDA cations exist as a monolayer in the structure of PKU-13, and link the adjacent layers by Coulomb actions in combination with strong hydrogen bonds. In PKU-13a, the SDA cations present in the bi-layer expend the distance between layers and destroy the inter-layer hydrogen bonds. PKU-13a can transform to PKU-13 after treatment with acetic acid solution. The co-existence of intra-layer hydrogen bonds in PKU-13 interfere in its condensation to an ordered crystalline microporous framework. Both PKU-13 and PKU-13a exhibit good catalytic activities as base catalysts in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction.
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| 32. |
- Liao, Xiwen, et al.
(author)
-
Comprehensive investigation of key biomarkers and pathways in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma
- 2019
-
In: Journal of Cancer. - : IVYSPRING INT PUBL. - 1837-9664. ; 10:23, s. 5689-5704
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Our study is aim to explore potential key biomarkers and pathways in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using genome-wide expression profile dataset and methods. Methods: Dataset from the GSE14520 is used as the training cohort and The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset as the validation cohort. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) screening were performed by the limma package. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), gene ontology, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and risk score model were used for pathway and genes identification. Results: GSEA revealed that several pathways and biological processes are associated with hepatocarcinogenesis, such as the cell cycle, DNA repair, and p53 pathway. A total of 160 DEGs were identified. The enriched functions and pathways of the DEGs included toxic substance decomposition and metabolism processes, and the P450 and p53 pathways. Eleven of the DEGs were identified as hub DEGs in the WGCNA. In survival analysis of hub DEGs, high expression of PRC1 and TOP2A were significantly associated with poor clinical outcome of HBV-related HCC, and shown a good performance in HBV-related HCC diagnosis. The prognostic signature consisting of PRC1 and TOP2A also doing well in the prediction of HBV-related HCC prognosis. The diagnostic and prognostic values of PRC1 and TOP2A was confirmed in TCGA HCC patients. Conclusions: Key biomarkers and pathways identified in the present study may enhance the comprehend of the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatocarcinogenesis. Additionally, mRNA expression of PRC1 and TOP2A may serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for HBV-related HCC.
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| 33. |
- Liao, Xiwen, et al.
(author)
-
Integrated analysis of competing endogenous RNA network revealing potential prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma
- 2019
-
In: Journal of Cancer. - : Ivyspring International Publisher. - 1837-9664. ; 10:14, s. 3267-3283
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The goal of our study is to identify a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network using dysregulated RNAs between HCC tumors and the adjacent normal liver tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets, and to investigate underlying prognostic indicators in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Methods: All of the RNA- and miRNA-sequencing datasets of HCC were obtained from TCGA, and dysregulated RNAs between HCC tumors and the adjacent normal liver tissues were investigated by DESeq and edgeR algorithm. Survival analysis was used to confirm underlying prognostic indicators. Results: In the present study, we constructed a ceRNA network based on 16 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 7 differentially expressed microRNAs and 34 differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (DELs). Among these dysregulated RNAs, three DELs (AP002478.1, HTR2A-AS1, and ERVMER61-1) and six DEGs (enhancer of zeste homolog 2 [EZH2], kinesin family member 23 [KIF23], chromobox 2 [CBX2], centrosomal protein 55 [CEP55], cell division cycle 25A [CDC25A], and claspin [CLSPN]) were used for construct a prognostic signature for HCC overall survival (OS), and performed well in HCC OS (adjusted P<0.0001, adjusted hazard ratio = 2.761, 95% confidence interval = 1.838-4.147). Comprehensive survival analysis demonstrated that this prognostic signature may be act as an independent prognostic indicator of HCC OS. Functional assessment of these dysregulated DEGs in the ceRNA network and gene set enrichment of this prognostic signature suggest that both were enriched in the biological processes and pathways of the cell cycle, cell division and cell proliferation. Conclusions: Our current study constructed a ceRNA network for HCC, and developed a prognostic signature that may act as an independent indicator for HCC OS.
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| 34. |
- Liu, T., et al.
(author)
-
Heterodimer Nanostructures Induced Energy Focusing on Metal Film
- 2016
-
In: Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 120:14, s. 7778-7784
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As a newly discovered surface plasmon resonance system, the nanoparticle dimer film structure provides a novel approach to enhance light power on a plane film due to the redistribution of the electromagnetic field. This structure has been widely applied in surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), solar cells, photocatalysis, etc., especially for the homodimer film case. However, the properties of heterodimers on film still remain unclear. In this work, the effect of particle size on electromagnetic field redistribution for a Ag nanoparticle dimer on Au film system is investigated first. The results obtained from the finite element method indicate that a smaller nanoparticle has much greater ability to focus light energy on Au film, and the corresponding energy can be 5 times stronger than that of the larger nanoparticle case. Further research indicates that this energy focusing ability has a strong relationship to the wavelength and the diameter ratio of the dimer. A similar focusing phenomenon has been found in the system of thick nanowire small nanoparticle on film. Then the SERS spectra collected in the small nanoparticle large nanowire system provide experimental evidence for this theoretical predication. Our results strengthen the understanding of surface plasmon on plane film and have potential applications in surface plasmon related fields.
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| 35. |
- Lv, Yi Qing, et al.
(author)
-
Long-term hyperglycemia aggravates α-synuclein aggregation and dopaminergic neuronal loss in a Parkinson’s disease mouse model
- 2022
-
In: Translational Neurodegeneration. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2047-9158. ; 11
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Growing evidence suggests an association between Parkinson’s disease (PD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). At the cellular level, long-term elevated levels of glucose have been shown to lead to nigrostriatal degeneration in PD models. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Previously, we have elucidated the potential of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in facilitating PD progression, involving aggregation of both alpha-synuclein (α-syn) and islet amyloid polypeptide in the pancreatic and brain tissues. However, due to the complicated effect of insulin resistance on PD onset, the actual mechanism of hyperglycemia-induced dopaminergic degeneration remains unknown. Methods: We employed the type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) model induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection in a transgenic mouse line (BAC-α-syn-GFP) overexpressing human α-syn, to investigate the direct effect of elevated blood glucose on nigrostriatal degeneration. Results: STZ treatment induced more severe pathological alterations in the pancreatic islets and T1DM symptoms in α-syn-overexpressing mice than in wild-type mice, at one month and three months after STZ injections. Behavioral tests evaluating motor performance confirmed the nigrostriatal degeneration. Furthermore, there was a marked decrease in dopaminergic profiles and an increase of α-syn accumulation and Serine 129 (S129) phosphorylation in STZ-treated α-syn mice compared with the vehicle-treated mice. In addition, more severe neuroinflammation was observed in the brains of the STZ-treated α-syn mice. Conclusion: Our results solidify the potential link between DM and PD, providing insights into how hyperglycemia induces nigrostriatal degeneration and contributes to pathogenic mechanisms in PD.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Nie, Shisong, et al.
(author)
-
High Conductivity, Semiconducting, and Metallic PEDOT:PSS Electrode for All-Plastic Solar Cells
- 2023
-
In: Molecules. - : MDPI. - 1431-5157 .- 1420-3049. ; 28:6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Plastic electrodes are desirable for the rapid development of flexible organic electronics. In this article, a plastic electrode has been prepared by employing traditional conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and plastic substrate polyethersulfone (PES). The completed electrode (Denote as HC-PEDOT:PSS) treated by 80% concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) possesses a high electrical conductivity of over 2673 S/cm and a high transmittance of over 90% at 550 nm. The high conductivity is attributed to the regular arrangement of PEDOT molecules, which has been proved by the X-ray diffraction characterization. Temperature-dependent conductivity measurement reveals that the HC-PEDOT:PSS possesses both semiconducting and metallic properties. The binding force and effects between the PEDOT and PEI are investigated in detail. All plastic solar cells with a classical device structure of PES/HC-PEDOT:PSS/PEI/P3HT:ICBA/EG-PEDOT:PSS show a PCE of 4.05%. The ITO-free device with a structure of Glass/HC-PEDOT:PSS/Al4083/PM6:Y6/PDINO/Ag delivers an open-circuit voltage (V-OC) of 0.81 V, short-circuit current (J(SC) ) of 23.5 mA/cm(2), fill factor (FF) of 0.67 and a moderate power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.8%. The above results demonstrate the HC-PEDOT:PSS electrode is a promising candidate for all-plastic solar cells and ITO-free organic solar cells.
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| 38. |
- Piponiot, Camille, et al.
(author)
-
Distribution of biomass dynamics in relation to tree size in forests across the world
- 2022
-
In: New Phytologist. - : Wiley. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 234, s. 1664-1677
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Tree size shapes forest carbon dynamics and determines how trees interact with their environment, including a changing climate. Here, we conduct the first global analysis of among-site differences in how aboveground biomass stocks and fluxes are distributed with tree size. We analyzed repeat tree censuses from 25 large-scale (4–52 ha) forest plots spanning a broad climatic range over five continents to characterize how aboveground biomass, woody productivity, and woody mortality vary with tree diameter. We examined how the median, dispersion, and skewness of these size-related distributions vary with mean annual temperature and precipitation. In warmer forests, aboveground biomass, woody productivity, and woody mortality were more broadly distributed with respect to tree size. In warmer and wetter forests, aboveground biomass and woody productivity were more right skewed, with a long tail towards large trees. Small trees (1–10 cm diameter) contributed more to productivity and mortality than to biomass, highlighting the importance of including these trees in analyses of forest dynamics. Our findings provide an improved characterization of climate-driven forest differences in the size structure of aboveground biomass and dynamics of that biomass, as well as refined benchmarks for capturing climate influences in vegetation demographic models.
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| 39. |
- Prins, Jonne T H, et al.
(author)
-
Outcome after surgical stabilization of rib fractures versus nonoperative treatment in patients with multiple rib fractures and moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (CWIS-TBI).
- 2021
-
In: The journal of trauma and acute care surgery. - 2163-0763. ; 90:3, s. 492-500
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Outcomes after surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) have not been studied in patients with multiple rib fractures and traumatic brain injury (TBI). We hypothesized that SSRF, as compared to nonoperative management, is associated with favorable outcomes in patients with TBI.A multicenter, retrospective cohort study was performed in patients with rib fractures and TBI between January 2012 and July 2019. Patients who underwent SSRF were compared to those managed nonoperatively. The primary outcome was mechanical ventilation-free days. Secondary outcomes were Intensive Care Unit (ICU-LOS) and hospital length of stay (HLOS), tracheostomy, occurrence of complications, neurologic outcome, and mortality. Patients were further stratified into moderate (GCS 9-12) and severe (GCS ≤8) TBI.The study cohort consisted of 456 patients of which 111 (24.3%) underwent SSRF. SSRF was performed at a median of 3 days and SSRF-related complication rate was 3.6%. In multivariable analyses, there was no difference in mechanical ventilation-free days between the SSRF and nonoperative groups. The odds of developing pneumonia (OR 0.59 (95% CI 0.38-0.98), p=0.043) and 30-day mortality (OR 0.32 (95% CI 0.11-0.91), p=0.032) were significantly lower in the SSRF group. Patients with moderate TBI had similar outcome in both groups. In patients with severe TBI, the odds of 30-day mortality was significantly lower after SSRF (0.19 (95% CI 0.04-0.88), p=0.034).In patients with multiple rib fractures and TBI, the mechanical ventilation-free days did not differ between the two treatment groups. In addition, SSRF was associated with a significantly lower risk of pneumonia and 30-day mortality. In patients with moderate TBI, outcome was similar. In patients with severe TBI a lower 30-day mortality was observed. There was a low SSRF-related complication risk. These data suggest a potential role for SSRF in select patients with TBI.Therapeutic, level IV.
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| 40. |
- Prins, Jonne T H, et al.
(author)
-
Surgical stabilization of rib fractures versus nonoperative treatment in patients with multiple rib fractures following cardiopulmonary resuscitation: An international, retrospective matched case-control study.
- 2022
-
In: The journal of trauma and acute care surgery. - 2163-0763. ; 93:6, s. 727-735
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The presence of six or more rib fractures or a displaced rib fracture due to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has been associated with longer hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS). Evidence on the effect of surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) following CPR is limited. This study aimed to evaluate outcomes after SSRF versus nonoperative management in patients with multiple rib fractures after CPR.An international, retrospective study was performed in patients who underwent SSRF or nonoperative management for multiple rib fractures following CPR between January 1, 2012, and July 31, 2020. Patients who underwent SSRF were matched to nonoperative controls by cardiac arrest location and cause, rib fracture pattern, and age. The primary outcome was ICU LOS.Thirty-nine operatively treated patient were matched to 66 nonoperatively managed controls with comparable CPR-related characteristics. Patients who underwent SSRF more often had displaced rib fractures (n = 28 [72%] vs. n = 31 [47%]; p = 0.015) and a higher median number of displaced ribs (2 [P 25 -P 75 , 0-3] vs. 0 [P 25 -P 75 , 0-3]; p = 0.014). Surgical stabilization of rib fractures was performed at a median of 5 days (P 25 -P 75 , 3-8 days) after CPR. In the nonoperative group, a rib fixation specialist was consulted in 14 patients (21%). The ICU LOS was longer in the SSRF group (13 days [P 25 -P 75 , 9-23 days] vs. 9 days [P 25 -P 75 , 5-15 days]; p = 0.004). Mechanical ventilator-free days, hospital LOS, thoracic complications, and mortality were similar.Despite matching, those who underwent SSRF over nonoperative management for multiple rib fractures following CPR had more severe consequential chest wall injury and a longer ICU LOS. A benefit of SSRF on in-hospital outcomes could not be demonstrated. A low consultation rate for rib fixation in the nonoperative group indicates that the consideration to perform SSRF in this population might be associated with other nonradiographic or injury-related variables.Therapeutic/Care Management; Level III.
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| 41. |
- Ruilope, LM, et al.
(author)
-
Design and Baseline Characteristics of the Finerenone in Reducing Cardiovascular Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease Trial
- 2019
-
In: American journal of nephrology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9670 .- 0250-8095. ; 50:5, s. 345-356
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- <b><i>Background:</i></b> Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. <b><i>Patients and</i></b> <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥25 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 to ≤5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level α = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049.
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| 42. |
- Shambetova, Nestan, et al.
(author)
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Acid Dissociation of 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid Coated CdSe-CdS/Cd0.5Zn0.5S/ZnS Core-Multishell Quantum Dot and Strong Ionic Interaction with Ca2+ Ion
- 2016
-
In: Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 120:6, s. 3519-3529
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- By devising careful electrophoresis, it was shown that at pH below 7.0, the electrophoretic mobility of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3MPA) coated CdSe-ZnS core-shell quantum dots (denoted as QD-3MPA) was very small. At pH above 7.0, QD-3MPA migrated toward the anode, implying acid dissociation, and the degree of which was proportional to the pH value. QD-3MPA's electrophoretic mobility was impaired after adding sufficient Ca2+ ions to the QD solution and revived when a similar amount of Ca2+ chelators (ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid, EGTA) was added. This demonstrated that acid dissociation and its pH dependence of 3MPA on the QD surface are critical factors in understanding the electric and optical properties of QDs. The acid dissociated QD-3MPA interacted strongly with Ca2+, forming a charge neutral QD-3MPA Ca2+ complex in the absence of EGTA. First-principles study confirmed the observed experimental evidence. The strong ionic interaction between acid dissociated QD-3MPA and Ca2+ is critical for developing reliable QD-based biosensing assays. Moreover, the strategy and techniques reported in this work are easily applicable to other fluorescent biomarkers and therefore can be important for advancing in vivo and in vitro imaging, sensing, and labeling.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Simeon, Saw, et al.
(author)
-
PepBio : predicting the bioactivity of host defense peptides
- 2017
-
In: RSC Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2046-2069. ; 7:56, s. 35119-35134
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Host defense peptides (HDPs) represents a class of ubiquitous and rapid responding immune molecules capable of direct inactivation of a wide range of pathogens. Recent research has shown HDPs to be promising candidates for development as a novel class of broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic agent that is effective against both pathogenic microbes and malignant neoplasm. This study aims to quantitatively explore the relationship between easy-to-interpret amino acid composition descriptors of HDPs with their respective bioactivities. Classification models were constructed using the C4.5 decision tree and random forest classifiers. Good predictive performance was achieved as deduced from the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity in excess of 90% and Matthews correlation coefficient in excess of 0.5 for all three evaluated data subsets (e.g. training, 10-fold cross-validation and external validation sets). The source code and data set used for the construction of classification models are available on GitHub at https://github.com/chaninn/pepbio/.
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| 45. |
- Su, F. G., et al.
(author)
-
Evaluation of the Global Climate Models in the CMIP5 over the Tibetan Plateau
- 2013
-
In: Journal of Climate. - : American Meteorological Society. - 0894-8755 .- 1520-0442. ; 26:10, s. 3187-3208
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The performance of 24 GCMs available in the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) is evaluated over the eastern Tibetan Plateau (TP) by comparing the model outputs with ground observations for the period 1961–2005. The twenty-first century trends of precipitation and temperature based on the GCMs’ projections over the TP are also analyzed. The results suggest that for temperature most GCMs reasonably capture the climatological patterns and spatial variations of the observed climate. However, the majority of the models have cold biases, with a mean underestimation of 1.1°–2.5°C for the months December–May, and less than 1°C for June–October. For precipitation, the simulations of all models overestimate the observations in climatological annual means by 62.0%–183.0%, and only half of the 24 GCMs are able to reproduce the observed seasonal pattern, which demonstrates a critical need to improve precipitation-related processes in these models. All models produce a warming trend in the twenty-first century under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (rcp8.5) scenario; in contrast, the rcp2.6 scenario predicts a lower average warming rate for the near term, and a small cooling trend in the long-term period with the decreasing radiative forcing. In the near term, the projected precipitation change is about 3.2% higher than the 1961–2005 annual mean, whereas in the long term the precipitation is projected to increase 6.0% under rcp2.6 and 12.0% under the rcp8.5 scenario. Relative to the 1961–2005 mean, the annual temperature is projected to increase by 1.2°–1.3°C in the short term; the warmings under the rcp2.6 and rcp8.5 scenarios are 1.8° and 4.1°C, respectively, for the long term.
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| 46. |
- Su, Hao, et al.
(author)
-
Nonbonded Zr4+ and Hf4+ Models for Simulations of Condensed Phase Metal-Organic Frameworks
- 2021
-
In: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 125:11, s. 6471-6478
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recently, the practical applications of tetravalent metal-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been drawing increasing attention due to their excellent stability and varied functionality. Understanding the behavior of MOFs at the atomic level is important for their rational design and postsynthetic optimization. In classical simulations, the cationic dummy atom model, where the charge of the metal ion is distributed to surrounding dummy particles, has shown robustness in providing the appropriate coordination geometry while retaining the flexibility in the metal ligand interaction. Here, we present a set of eight-coordinated tetravalent metal (Zr4+, Hf4+) dummy model force fields with 12-6-4 type Lennard-Jones potential for describing ion-induced dipole interactions. This model can reproduce both the experimental solvation free energy of the bare ion and good metal-ligand distances and has been validated as useful and transferable among MOFs with the same metal-core topology. The model is inherently modular since nodes and linkers are independently parametrized. It was tested with three different solvents which all led to stable structures. It also was been further validated with different metal node structures and different linkers, Zr/Hf mixed MOFs, and defects containing MOFs. Since the model is nonbonded, the process of metal-ligand substitutions could be studied. The flexibility of the model makes its applicability to chemical problems broad.
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| 47. |
-
The Seventeenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys : Complete Release of MaNGA, MaStar, and APOGEE-2 Data
- 2022
-
In: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 0067-0049 .- 1538-4365. ; 259:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fifth and final release from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). DR17 contains the complete release of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, which reached its goal of surveying over 10,000 nearby galaxies. The complete release of the MaNGA Stellar Library accompanies this data, providing observations of almost 30,000 stars through the MaNGA instrument during bright time. DR17 also contains the complete release of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 survey that publicly releases infrared spectra of over 650,000 stars. The main sample from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), as well as the subsurvey Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey data were fully released in DR16. New single-fiber optical spectroscopy released in DR17 is from the SPectroscipic IDentification of ERosita Survey subsurvey and the eBOSS-RM program. Along with the primary data sets, DR17 includes 25 new or updated value-added catalogs. This paper concludes the release of SDSS-IV survey data. SDSS continues into its fifth phase with observations already underway for the Milky Way Mapper, Local Volume Mapper, and Black Hole Mapper surveys.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Wang, Yupei, et al.
(author)
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Combined amniotic membrane and self-powered electrical stimulator bioelectronic dress promotes wound healing
- 2024
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In: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 16:13, s. 15809-15818
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Human amniotic membranes (hAMs) are widely used as wound management biomaterials, especially as grafts for corneal reconstruction due to the structure of the extracellular matrix and excellent biological properties. However, their fragile nature and rapid degradation rate hinder widespread clinical use. In this work, we engineered a novel self-powered electronic dress (E-dress), combining the beneficial properties of an amniotic membrane and a flexible electrical electrode to enhance wound healing. The E-dress displayed a sustained discharge capacity, leading to increased epidermal growth factor (EGF) release from amniotic mesenchymal interstitial stem cells. Live/dead staining, CCK-8, and scratch-wound-closure assays were performed in vitro. Compared with amniotic membrane treatment alone, the E-dress promoted cell proliferation and migration of mouse fibroblast cells and lower cytotoxicity. In a mouse full-skin defect model, the E-dress achieved significantly accelerated wound closure. Histological analysis revealed that E-dress treatment promoted epithelialization and neovascularization in mouse skin. The E-dress exhibited a desirable flexibility that aligned with tissue organization and displayed maximum bioactivity within a short period to overcome rapid degradation, implying great potential for clinical applications.
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| 50. |
- Wei, Xiao-Ping, et al.
(author)
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Investigations on electronic, Fermi surface, Curie temperature and optical properties of Zr2CoAl
- 2017
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In: Journal of Solid State Chemistry. - : ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE. - 0022-4596 .- 1095-726X. ; 247, s. 97-104
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using full-potential local-orbital minimum-basis along with spin-polarized relativistic Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker methods, we study the electronic, Fermi surface, Curie temperature and optical properties of Zr2CoAl alloy. The alloy with Li2AgSb and Cu2MnAl structures are compared in terms of magnetic properties, and the electronic structures in two structures are also discussed. According to the calculated electronic states, it finds that the Zr2CoAl with Li2AgSb structure is half-metallic ferromagnet with an integral magnetic moment of 2.00 mu(beta), meanwhile we also notice the d-d and p-d hybridizations are responsible for the formation of minority-spin gap, furthermore, the fat-bands are applied to discuss the mixture between d and p electrons in the vicinity of the Fermi level. The Fermi surfaces related to the valence bands are constructed, and it is found that the spin-up valence bands 26, 27 and 28 across the Fermi energy dominate the nature of electrons. By mapping the system onto a Heisenberg Hamiltonian, we obtain the exchange coupling parameters, and observe that the Zr(A)-Co(C) and Zr(A)-Zr(B) interactions provide a major contribution for exchange interactions. Based on the calculated exchange coupling parameters, the Curie temperature is estimated to be 287.86 K at equilibrium, and also the dependence of Curie temperature on lattice constant related to the tunable Curie temperature in Zr2CoAl alloy is studied. Finally, we report the optical properties of Zr2CoAl alloy, and present the photon energy dependence of the absorption, the optical conductivity and the loss function.
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