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- Sundblom, E., et al.
(author)
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Childhood overweight and obesity prevalences levelling off in Stockholm but socioeconomic differences persist.
- 2008
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In: International Journal of Obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 32:10, s. 1525-30
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Time trends in overweight, obesity and underweight among 10-year-old children were investigated between 1999 and 2003 with attention to gender and areas with different socioeconomic status (SES). MATERIAL: The study was performed in Stockholm County, where schools within eight different SES areas were randomly sampled. In selected schools, data on height and weight were abstracted from school health records of 2416 ten-year-old boys and girls examined by school nurses in 1999 and 2183 examined in 2003. RESULTS: Among boys, the prevalence of overweight was 21.6% in 1999 and 20.5% in 2003 (difference -1.1% (95% confidence interval (CI), -4.6; 2.4)) and for obesity 3.2 and 3.8% (difference 0.6% (95% CI, -0.9; 2.2)). Among girls overweight decreased from 22.1 to 19.2% (difference -2.9% (95% CI, -6.3; 0.6)) and obesity from 4.4 to 2.8% (difference -1.6% (95% CI, -3.1; 0.0)). There was a marginally significant difference in obesity trends in girls versus boys (P=0.051). The prevalence of underweight decreased nonsignificantly both in boys and in girls. Strong gradients, with more obesity and overweight in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas, were observed in both genders in 2003. Differences between SES areas were also seen in 1999 but were more pronounced in 2003. Among boys divergent trends in obesity were observed between 1999 and 2003, with evidence for increases in less affluent areas only. CONCLUSION: This population-based study of 10-year-olds indicates that rates of obesity, overweight and underweight are stable in Stockholm County. However, obesity is more prevalent in relatively less advantaged SES.
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- Döringer, Nora, et al.
(author)
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Motivational Interviewing to Prevent Childhood Obesity: A Cluster RCT
- 2016
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In: Pediatrics. - : American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). - 0031-4005 .- 1098-4275. ; 137:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The objective was to evaluate a manualized theory-driven primary preventive intervention aimed at early childhood obesity. The intervention was embedded in Swedish child health services, starting when eligible children were 9 to 10 months of age and continuing until the children reached age 4. METHODS: Child health care centers in 8 Swedish counties were randomized into intervention and control units and included 1355 families with 1369 infants. Over similar to 39 months, families in the intervention group participated in 1 group session and 8 individual sessions with a nurse trained in motivational interviewing, focusing on healthy food habits and physical activity. Families in the control group received care as usual. Primary outcomes were children's BMI, overweight prevalence, and waist circumference at age 4. Secondary outcomes were children's and mothers' food and physical activity habits and mothers' anthropometrics. Effects were assessed in linear and log-binominal regression models using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in children's BMI (beta = -0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.31 to 0.08), waist circumference (beta = -0.48, 95% CI: -0.99 to 0.04), and prevalence of overweight (relative risk = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.69 to 1.32). No significant intervention effects were observed in mothers' anthropometric data or regarding mothers' and children's physical activity habits. There was a small intervention effect in terms of healthier food habits among children and mothers. CONCLUSIONS: There were no significant group differences in children's and mothers' anthropometric data and physical activity habits. There was, however, some evidence suggesting healthier food habits, but this should be interpreted with caution.
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- Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al.
(author)
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Trends in overweight and obesity in Swedish schoolchildren 1999-2005: has the epidemic reached a plateau?
- 2010
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In: Obesity reviews. - 1467-789X. ; 11:8, s. 553-559
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this review is to synthesize published evidence on the most recent trends in overweight and obesity among Swedish children. Specifically, trends are reported among fourth graders (10-11 years) from six different municipalities between 1999 and 2005. Weights and heights in representative samples of children within each area were measured by school nurses as part of routine school health examinations. Standardized definitions of overweight, obesity and thinness were calculated by methods described by Cole et al. in 2000 and 2007. In Stockholm, obesity prevalence during academic years starting 1999 and 2003 decreased non-significantly from 4.4% to 2.8% in girls, and increased non-significantly from 3.2% to 3.8% among boys. In Gothenburg, comparing academic years starting 2000 and 2004, prevalence of overweight in girls decreased from 19.6% to 15.9% (P < 0.01) while thinness increased from 9.5% to 11.9% (P < 0.05); no significant changes were observed in boys. Finally, the Swedish National Institute of Public Health released figures from Karlstad, Umeå, Västerås and Ystad in 2003-2005 during which time no trends in prevalence could be clearly shown. The stabilized rates are probably a result of regional and local actions that have taken place in many sectors of society, rather than one specific measure or national political action.
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- Sundblom, E., et al.
(author)
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Trends in Sweden including socioeconomic differences.
- 2010
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In: Childhood Obesity Prevention – International Research, Controversies and Interventions. Editors: O’Dea J and Eriksen M.. - Oxford Univesity Press.
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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- Uche, E. O., et al.
(author)
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Global neurosurgery over a 60-year period : Conceptual foundations, time reference, emerging Co-ordinates and prospects for collaborative interventions in low and middle income countries
- 2022
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In: BRAIN AND SPINE. - : Elsevier BV. - 2772-5294. ; 2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: We evaluated salient initiatives invested in global neurosurgery over a 60-year period.Research question: What are the Phases, Achievements, Challenges, and Lessons of Global Neurosurgery.Methods: A 60-year retrospective study from 1960 to 2020 analyzing the major phases, lessons, and progress notes. We reviewed the foundational need questions and innovated tools used to answer them.Results: Three phases defining our study period were identified. In the early phase, birthing academic units and the onset of individual volunteerism were dominant concepts. The 2nd phase is summarized by the rise of volunteerism and surgical camps. The third phase is heralded by advocacy and strategies for achieving care equity.The defining moment is the Lancet commission for global surgery summit in 2015. Lessons include the need for evaluation of the resources of recipient and donor locations using novel global surgery tools.Conclusion: Global neurosurgery over the 60-year study period is summarized by indelible touchstones of personal and group efforts as well as triumphs derived from innovations in the face of formidable challenges.
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