| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Hagbert, Pernilla, Dr, 1986-, et al.
(author)
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Futures Beyond GDP Growth : Final report from the research program 'Beyond GDP Growth: Scenarios for sustainable building and planning'
- 2019
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- A future society no longer based on economic growth – what would that look like?The research program “Beyond GDP Growth: Scenarios for sustainable building and planning” (www.bortombnptillvaxt.se) is a strong research environment funded by the Swedish Research CouncilFormas, which has run between 2014 and 2018. In collaboration with societal partners, the program hasgathered researchers from diferent disciplines to explore key issues and conditions for planning for asustainable future beyond GDP growth. This is a relevant contribution to a largely under-researchedarea, where few scientific studies have explored what a sustainable society could look like, and what asustainable economy that is not based on growth might actually mean.In economic and political discussions, the notion of continuous economic growth is often taken forgranted and seen as a prerequisite for a safe and sustainable societal development. At the same time,a blind faith in and expectations surrounding growth can constitute a threat to the development of asustainable society if growth declines. Also an optimistic prognosis from the OECD indicates that it islikely that future GDP growth will be lower than what has come to be seen as the normal level duringthe second half of the 20th century. Declining economic growth could mean risks for increased socialgaps and unemployment. However, economic models show that the possibilities for handling these risksincrease if there is an awareness of them, and if this is addressed politically. Therefore, it is important tonot just assume continued economic growth, but to plan also for alternative scenarios.A starting point for the research program has been an understanding of the significant transitionsneeded to approach a safe and just operating space for humanity within planetary boundaries. Fourgoals that should be met in order to consider the societal development sustainable were specified: twoenvironmental goals related to climate and land use, and two social goals regarding power, influence andparticipation, and welfare and resource security.Four scenarios for Sweden 2050 were developed, which show the diferent directions society could taketo reach the set sustainability goals. The scenarios illustrate future societies that do not have to build onthe current economic logic, but that instead are centred around four alternative strategies:Collaborative EconomyLocal Self-SufciencyAutomation for Quality of LifeCircular Economy in the Welfare StateSo, can we reach the selected sustainability targets in the four future scenarios? A transformation ofhistorical proportions are needed – and it needs to start immediately. According to the sustainabilityassessment conducted within the project, the environmental goals of climate and land use can be reachedin all scenarios, even though it demands changing multiple parameters at the same time. Nothing pointsto it being impossible or generally difcult to achieve the social goals in the four scenarios, however theremight be diferent aspects that are particularly tricky. There are both development potentials and risks,which can be diametrically opposite for diferent social groups and parts of the country, depending onthe local prerequisites.Many diferent images of sustainable futures are needed. The scenarios should be seen as a tool fordiscussion and analysis when it comes to planning for a sustainable societal development beyondGDP growth. They challenge notions of what is possible, what changes that can and should be made,6what decisions that are needed and what should be prioritized. The scenarios all suggest a largechange compared the current development trajectory, and for example all point towards the need forredistribution of resources. It might involve economic resources, but could also relate to power andinfluence over production, or the possibility to use land for production of food, materials and energy.This redistribution could happen according to diferent principles in the diferent scenarios.In all the scenarios, the consumption of goods and of meat is reduced. Flight travel also needs to bedrastically reduced to reach the climate target. There is furthermore a need for reducing the constructionof both housing and road infrastructure, although to varying extents in the four scenarios. Other aspectssuch as working hours, the organization of welfare systems, the characteristics of the built environmentand the amount of infrastructure needed are on the other hand diferent in the diferent scenarios.The research program has explored what a development that isn't based on economic growth, in linewith the strategies that are depicted in the scenarios, would mean for rural as well as urban conditions.Three case study municipalities were selected with regards to their diferent geographical location,built form, economic development and size of the population: Övertorneå, Alingsås and Malmö. Insome sub-studies in these diferent contexts, descriptions emerged of cognitive as well as structuralbarriers, a sense of powerlessness and a weak capacity for transition among diferent actors. This isconnected to expectations and general assumptions regarding growth, partly irrespective of the context.Municipalities and companies to a large extent plan for and expect a societal development that buildsupon a further expansion of infrastructure, transport and consumption. Despite visions for sustainabledevelopment, in practice this often leads to a reproduction of current unsustainable structures and waysof life.At the same time, specific empirical studies within the project point toward stories of self-sufciency,of regional upswings and that the population is more important than GDP. There is an increasedawareness and a multitude of examples of experimenting with new sustainable practices that constituteseeds for change. Critiques against planning for continuous growth is being taken more seriously andclearer political visions are demanded. New forms of organizing the economy, society and welfare arealso being developed. Some examples include working from a perspective on socio-ecological justice,integration of sustainability targets in all planning, and developing new roles for consumers andproducers. These ideas can be seen as windows of opportunity, but also show that change can happenwithin the current system.The future means change. In this research program, we point towards some possible futures that aimat reaching certain sustainability targets. The scenarios and the discussion and analysis that they havebrought about show that there is an opportunity to move towards a sustainable development withmaintained or even increased well-being – provided that the understanding of well-being is based onother values than those of our current society. For these possible future trajectories to gain support,there is a need of political instruments and measures that actively drive the development towards a justand safe operating space for humanity
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Finnveden, Göran, et al.
(author)
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Policy instruments towards a sustainable waste management
- 2013
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In: Sustainability. - Basel : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 5:3, s. 841-881
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to suggest and discuss policy instruments that could lead towards a more sustainable waste management. The paper is based on evaluations from a large scale multi-disciplinary Swedish research program. The evaluations focus on environmental and economic impacts as well as social acceptance. The focus is on the Swedish waste management system but the results should be relevant also for other countries. Through the assessments and lessons learned during the research program we conclude that several policy instruments can be effective and possible to implement. Particularly, we put forward the following policy instruments: “Information”; “Compulsory recycling of recyclable materials”; “Weight-based waste fee in combination with information and developed recycling systems”; “Mandatory labeling of products containing hazardous chemicals”, “Advertisements on request only and other waste minimization measures”; and “Differentiated VAT and subsidies for some services”. Compulsory recycling of recyclable materials is the policy instrument that has the largest potential for decreasing the environmental impacts with the configurations studied here. The effects of the other policy instruments studied may be more limited and they typically need to be implemented in combination in order to have more significant impacts. Furthermore, policy makers need to take into account market and international aspects when implementing new instruments. In the more long term perspective, the above set of policy instruments may also need to be complemented with more transformational policy instruments that can significantly decrease the generation of waste.
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| 5. |
- Finnveden, Göran, et al.
(author)
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Policy Instruments towards a sustainable waste management
- 2016
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In: Solid waste management: Policy and planning for a sustainable society. - : Apple Academic Press. - 9781771883740 - 9780429091650 ; , s. 185-246, s. 185-246
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 6. |
- Finnveden, Göran, 1961-, et al.
(author)
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Regeringen måste satsa på resurseffektivt samhälle
- 2013
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In: Dagens nyheter. - : AB Dagens nyheter. - 1101-2447. ; :2013-04-01
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Regeringen förbereder en avfallspolitisk proposition. Den kommer förhoppningsvis att klargöra vem som ska ha ansvaret att samla in våra förpackningar. Men fokus borde också ligga på hur vi kan gå mot ett samhälle där resurser används så effektivt som möjligt, skriver forskare på miljöområdet.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Svenfelt, Åsa, PhD, Docent, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Miljöklassning av byggnader : Inventering av metoder och intressenters behov
- 2006
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna rapport innehåller resultatet av projektets inledningsfas, kapitel 2 är en genomgång av politiska och andra mål för hållbar utveckling inom området byggnader med syfte att sätta miljöklassningssystemet i ett sammanhang, kapitel 3 är en redovisning av hur inledningsfasen genomförts, kapitel 4 innehåller resultatet av intervjuer med företag inom bygg och fastighetsbranschen om deras inställning till ett miljöklassningsystem samt intervjuer med aktörer som potentiellt kan skapa incitament för att företag och fastighetsägare ska ansluta sig till miljöklassningssystemet, kapitel 5 behandlar översiktligt genomgången av befintliga metoder för miljöbedömning av byggnader, kapitel 6 redovisar utgångspunkter för det fortsatta arbetet med ett miljöklassningsystem, kapitel 7 innehåller diskussion och slutsatser. Befintliga metoder för miljöbedömning av byggnader redovisas som informationsblad i bilaga 7 (svenska) och bilaga 10 (utländska).
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| 10. |
- Svenfelt, Åsa, et al.
(author)
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Scenarios for sustainable futures beyond GDP growth 2050
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The idea of continued economic growth is increasingly questioned and critically analysed on the basis of its potential negative sustainability impact. Along with the critique, visions and strategies for alternative systems need also be brought onto the agenda. The aim of this paper is to present the qualitative content of scenarios that explore sustainability strategies for Swedish society when economic growth is not seen as an end in itself, and the goal is instead other values/goals that society might wish to achieve. Multi-target backcasting scenarios are developed, that illustrate future states in which four sustainability targets (climate, land use, participation and resource security) are to be attained. The focus of the four scenarios is: 1) collaborative economy, 2) local self-sufficiency, 3) automation for quality of life, and 4) circular economy in the welfare state. In the paper, we also present the process of the development of the scenarios and feedback from stakeholders. Although the focus is on Sweden, the process and scenarios should also be relevant for other similar countries. The scenarios are discussed in terms of their relevance and their purpose, the fulfilment of the sustainability goals and the multi-target approach.
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| 11. |
- Svenfelt, Åsa, et al.
(author)
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Scenarios for sustainable futures beyond GDP growth 2050
- 2019
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In: Futures. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0016-3287 .- 1873-6378. ; 111, s. 1-14
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The idea of continued economic growth is increasingly questioned and critically analysed on the basis of its potential negative sustainability impact. Along with the critique, visions and strategies for alternative systems need also be brought onto the agenda. The aim of this paper is to present the qualitative content of scenarios that explore sustainability strategies for the Swedish society when economic growth is not seen as an end in itself, and instead the objective is other values/targets that society might wish to achieve. Multi-target backcasting scenarios are developed that illustrate future states in which four sustainability targets (climate, land use, participation, and resource security) are to be attained. The focus of these four scenarios is: 1) a Collaborative economy, 2) Local self-sufficiency, 3) Automation for quality of life, and 4) Circular economy in the welfare state. In the paper, we also present the process of the development of the scenarios, and feedback from stakeholders. Although the focus is on Sweden, the process and scenarios may also be relevant for other similar countries. The scenarios are discussed in terms of their relevance and their purpose, the fulfilment of the sustainability targets, and the multi-target approach.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Aguiar Borges, Luciane, 1969-
(author)
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Stories of Pasts and Futures in Planning
- 2016
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Societies are constantly changing, facing new challenges and possibilities generated by innovative technologies, sociospatial re-structuring and mobilities. This research approaches these challenges by exploring the role that stories about pasts, presents and futures play in planning. It sees stories as interlinked spaces of struggle over meanings, legitimacies and powers through which “our” valuable pasts and “our” desirable futures become re-constructed, framed and projected. It argues that powerful stories might consciously or unconsciously become institutionalised in policy discourses and documents, foregrounding our spatial realities and affecting our living spaces. These arguments and assumptions are investigated in relation to three cases: Regional-Pasts, SeGI-Futures and ICT-Futures. The stories about pasts, presents and futures surrounding these cases are investigated with the aim of initiating critical discussions on how stories about pasts and futures can inform, but also be sustained by, planning processes. While studies of these cases are presented in separate papers, these studies are brought together in an introductory essay and reconstructed in response to the research questions: How do regional futures become informed by the pasts? How do particular stories about the pasts become selected, framed and projected as envisioned futures? What messages are conveyed to the pasts and the presents through envisioned futures? How can stories of the past be referred and re-employed in planning to build more inclusive futures? To engage with the multidisciplinarity of these questions, they are investigated through dialogues between three main fields: heritage studies, futures studies and planning. The discussions have challenged the conventional divides between pasts, presents and futures, emphasised their plural nature and uncovered how the discursive power of stories play a significant role when interpreting pasts and envision futures in planning practices.
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| 15. |
- Albrecht, Martin
(author)
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Enabling socio-technical transitions – electric vehicles and high voltage electricity grids as focal points of low emission futures
- 2017
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Today humankind is facing numerous sustainability challenges that require us to question CO2 intensive practices like those present in the transport and energy sector. To meet those challenges, many countries have adopted ambitious climate targets. Achieving such targets requires an understanding of the wider socio-technical context of transitions. The aim of this licentiate thesis is therefore to analyse such socio-technical transitions towards low-emission futures enabled by the electrification of passenger cars and high voltage grid development.A combination of different transitions theories (for ex. Multi-level perspective and Technological innovation systems) and institutional theory has been used. To reach the aim paper I analyses the climate impacts of electric vehicles (EVs) and policy measures to achieve a breakthrough scenario for EVs. The results show that a mixture of short and long term policies are needed that take into account the technology development stage and behavioural aspects of EV adopters. Paper II addresses the need to include the high voltage transmission grid and its planning procedures as a central part of debates on transitions. Therefore the opportunities, challenges and reasons for conflict in the established regime are studied. The results show that in order to achieve a sustainable grid development regime, it is necessary to spend time on achieving legitimacy and social sustainability. The third paper uses semi-structured expert interviews and focuses on innovation dynamics for EV adoption. By focusing on dynamics instead of single policy measures, it is possible to grasp interactions within a niche, but also in between a niche, regime and landscape. The results show that strong initial technology legitimacy was needed to start substantial innovation dynamics. This could be further strengthened with a strong and broad coalition of actors. Both those factors led, if present, to an improved variety and match of policy instruments.As such this thesis has shown that transitions are not just about technology or policy instruments as such but about the dynamics and processes needed to enable them. This can be relevant in other transitions that otherwise may underestimate the importance of these components.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Bradley, Karin, 1975-, et al.
(author)
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Därför är ekonomisk tillväxt en risk
- 2016
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In: Dagens samhälle. - : Dagens Samhälle AB. - 1652-6511.
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Research review (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Börjesson Rivera, Miriam, 1978-, et al.
(author)
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Including second order effects in environmental assessments of ICT
- 2014
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In: Environmental Modelling & Software. - : Elsevier BV. - 1364-8152 .- 1873-6726. ; 56, s. 105-115
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can have both negative and positive impacts on the environment. Immediate negative environmental impacts arise due to the production, use and disposal of ICT products, while positive effects can arise because ICT products and services replace other products. Other, more indirect consequences of introducing new technologies include e.g. that money saved by reducing costs due to ICT-induced energy efficiency, is being used in consumption of other goods and services that also need energy in their production. Such effects are examined within different disciplines under headings such as rebound effects, indirect effects, second order effects and ripple effects. This paper presents a review and discussion of different second order effects that can be linked to ICT usage in general, using e-commerce as an example. This is a first necessary step in developing methods which include second order effects when analysing the environmental impacts of ICT.
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| 20. |
- Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al.
(author)
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Rädda maten - Åtgärder för svinnminskande beteendeförändringar hos konsument
- 2018
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I den här rapporten redovisas resultat av en litteraturstudie av studier där man har försökt minska matsvinnet genom någon form av intervention som inriktar sig på privatpersoner. De interventioner som fokuseras är åtgärder som har vidtagits för att för- ändra ett existerande beteende, och som har utvärderats på ett vetenskapligt sätt. Med matsvinn avses i den här rapporten livsmedel som skulle kunna ha ätits om det hanterats annorlunda, men som slängts. Privatpersoners matsvinn kan uppstå både i hemmen och när de äter på restaurang och i de studier vi har hittat har olika typer av åtgärder använts: t.ex. utbildning och information om betydelsen av att minska matsvinn; appar och andra hjälpmedel så att människor kan hålla reda på vad de har hemma och inte köper ny mat i onödan; liksom appar som gör att de kan dela överbliven mat. Man har också provat att helt enkelt ge gästerna mindre tallrikar när de äter ute. Privatpersoner kan också uppmuntras till att bidra till minskat matsvinn i andra delar av kedjan, till exempel genom att de uppmuntras till inköp av mat som närmar sig bäst-före-datum. Ofta har de interventioner som gjorts bara utvärderats med en liten grupp personer och långsiktiga utvärderingar av resultaten saknas helt. De utvärderingar som gjorts visar dock på en märkbar effekt, både vad gäller minskning av matsvinnet och vad gäller medvetandegörande och reflektion hos hushållen. Samtidigt finns en rad initiativ för att minska konsumentens matsvinn som inte utvärderats alls. Med tanke på matsvinnets miljömässiga och ekonomiska konsekvenser anser vi att det är väl värt att utvärdera en del av dessa pågående initiativ både kort-och långsiktigt, t.ex. de pågående initiativ som finns för att minska matsvinn från restauranger genom att sälja överbliven mat billigare. Vi anser också att interventioner som provats i andra länder också bör implementeras i Sverige, exempelvis olika hjälpmedel för att hålla reda på vad som finns i kylen samt för att stimulera delning av överbliven mat. Det finns också behov av mer forskning om hur individen och den omgivande samhällsstrukturen kan samverka för att minska matsvinnet samt behov av utvärdering med större grupper av hushåll än vad som gjorts hittills.
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| 21. |
- Carlsson, Per-Olof, et al.
(author)
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Testfasen i miljöklassningsprojekten : Delrapport september 2007
- 2007
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna rapport är en redovisning av resultat och underlag i testfasen imiljöklassningsprojekten.I januari 2005 inleddes tre forskningsprojekt med målet att föreslå ettsystem för miljöklassning av byggnader. Forskningsprojekten har engemensam projektgrupp där 27 företag ingår. Syftet med projekten är attta fram förslag till indikatorer och kriterier för klassning inom områdenaenergi, innemiljö och farliga ämnen. Projekten avslutas hösten 2007.Under perioden december 2006 – mars 2007 genomfördes ett test avflera alternativa förslag till indikatorer. Testet utfördes i nära samverkanmed 16 företag från projektgruppen och ytterligare 10 bostadsrättföreningaroch 6 småhusägare. Sammanlagt ingick 46 byggnader av olika typ(flerbostadshus, kontor, sjukhus, småhus etc.).Testet utfördes genom att företag, föreningar och småhusägare samladein nödvändiga data för klassning av ett antal preliminära indikatorer. Defick också svara på frågor om prioritering av aspekter, indikatorer ochvilka resurser som krävdes.Insamlingen av mätdata kompletterades sedan med intervjuer för att fåin ytterligare information och synpunkter.Denna rapport innehåller resultat i form av:Indata från dem som testat.Försök till klassning av respektive byggnad.Synpunkter på genomförandet av testningen.Synpunkter på klassningssystemet.Dessutom ingick en studie av kopplingen mellan energideklarationer ochmiljöklassning. Några av byggnaderna energideklarerades och dessa datajämfördes med vad som behövs för miljöklassning.Rapporten innehåller samtliga dokument från testningen och kommeratt vara ett viktigt underlag i det fortsatta arbetet. Under hösten 2007kommer ett förslag till klassningssystem att presenteras.
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| 22. |
- Edvardsson Björnberg, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Adapting cities to climate change: goal conflicts and methods of conflict resolution
- 2009
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In: Fifth Urban Research Symposium 2009.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Decision-making concerning adaptation to climate change ofteninvolves choosing between different options, each of which can have importantimplications for the achievability of other goals and policies. In this article,adaptation measures and goal conflicts are investigated using the City ofStockholm as an empirical basis. The investigation shows that goal conflicts inadaptation are common phenomena. This points to the need for assessing andpredicting the environmental, social and economic impacts of adaptation measures,strategies and policies at an early stage in the decision-making process. To ensurethe coherence with other policy goals, there is a need for tools to assess and predictoutcomes, but also to balance those outcomes in situations where they are noteasily reunited.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Eggestrand, Hanna, et al.
(author)
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Andra ordningens miljöeffekter
- 2020
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The environmental impact of Swedish consumption is far too great and there is an urgent need to bring about sustainable consumption. The research programme Mistra Sustainable Consumption aims to contribute towards this end and has therefore identified ways to consume in the areas of food, home furnishing and vacationing which could be more sustainable than the ways that are common today. In this study, we have examined a selection of these potentially more sustainable niche consumption practices regarding their second order environmental effects. In addition to direct effects, i.e. the environmental impact arising from production, use and waste management, there are also environmental effects of the second order (secondary effects such as rebound effects) that can occur when a practice affects how people spend their money, their time or how they use space. However, although their impact can be significant, these second order environmental effects are commonly overlooked. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the types of second order environmental effects that could arise if potentially sustainable niche consumption practices were scaled up and became mainstream. Nine consumption practices (reduce unhealthy consumption; switch animal based products to plant based products; cultivate by yourself or together; purchase directly from producers; train vacation; share/exchange homes; staycation; exchange furniture between individuals; live simply) were analysed by interviewing representatives from households who engage in the practices in question. This report presents the qualitative results from the study and describes the practices. Quantifications of the environmental impact from the second order effects will be presented in another publication. Based on the information from the interviews, assumptions were made to identify risks/opportunities for environmental effects in relation to direct and indirect economic rebound; induction; time rebound; learning about production and consumption; scale effects; and space rebound. In addition, it was noted whether the interviewees also engaged in other niche consumption practices. The result indicates that the various practices can lead to money, time and space being used in a different way than what is common today, and that household members can learn about production and consumption. Depending on whether the practices require or free up money or time, and whether they require any special equipment or change the way the household members use their homes and their surroundings, they can lead to both positive rebound effects (i.e. increased environmental impact) and negative rebound effects (i.e. reduced environmental impact). These insights can help to strengthen the work towards sustainable consumption as they indicate phenomena that should be counteracted or reinforced, for example by means of policy instruments. Nevertheless, the results presented in the report should be interpreted with caution, especially considering that the study has not taken into account socio-economic factors in combination with the fact that practices by their nature are context dependent and nested. The study's design also makes it impossible to say anything about environmental effects at the community level if the practices were scaled up and became mainstream. Still, the study contributes to increasing the knowledge of the practices by indicating risks and opportunities for the second order environmental effects and thus supplements the collection of potentially more sustainable consumption practices previously conducted within the research program.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Fauré, Eléonore, et al.
(author)
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Four sustainability goals in a Swedish low-growth/degrowth context
-
Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Continual environmental degradation and an unfair distribution of environmental burdens and benefits are two great challenges for humanity.Economic growth is often taken for granted when planning for the future. However, it is often argued that maintaining economic growth is in conflict with keeping human activities adjusted to ecological boundaries and finite resources, at least for the more-developed countries. With this paper we present sustainability goals for building and planning in Sweden 2050 in a context of limited or even negative economic growth. The sustainability goals should ensure that all groups in society have sufficient resources and a good life within planetary boundaries. The goals are set at a national level but in a global context. We select four goals, two environmental goals related to climate change and land use and two social goals, related to welfare and participation. Our results show that achieving the sustainability goals, especially for land use and climate, will require significant reductions of Sweden's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and land use compared to today's level. Regarding the social goals, these are in many aspects reasonably well fulfilled in Sweden today although many challenges remain in order to ensure similar opportunities for all Swedish residents. The main challenge, however, is to ensure that these goals are fulfilled even within environmental limits and if economic growth should halt or become negative. Key words: Sustainability goals; Degrowth; Environmental Justice; Futures studies.
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| 27. |
- Fauré, Eléonore, et al.
(author)
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Four Sustainability Goals in a Swedish Low-Growth/Degrowth Context
- 2016
-
In: Sustainability. - Basel : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 8:1080
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Continual environmental degradation and an unfair distribution of environmental burdens and benefits are two great challenges for humanity. Economic growth is often taken for granted when planning for the future. However, it is often argued that maintaining economic growth conflicts with keeping human activities adjusted to ecological boundaries and finite resources, at least for the more-developed countries. With this paper, we present sustainability goals for building and planning in Sweden to be achieved by 2050 in a context of limited or even negative economic growth. These goals should ensure that all groups in society have sufficient resources and a good life within planetary boundaries. We select four goals in a participatory process: two environmental goals related to climate change and land use and two social goals related to welfare and participation. Our results show that achieving the environmental goals will require significant reductions of Sweden’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and land use compared to today’s levels. Regarding the social goals, these are, in many aspects, reasonably well fulfilled in Sweden today, although disparities remain between groups of citizens. The main challenge, however, is to ensure that these goals are fulfilled even within environmental limits and if economic growth should halt.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Glaumann, Mauritz, et al.
(author)
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Development of an environmental rating tool for buildings through a new kind of dialogue between stakeholders and researchers
- 2009
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In: Archnet-IJAR. - 1994-6961 .- 1938-7806. ; 3:1, s. 116-130
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Buildings need to be more environmentally benign since the building sector is responsible for about 40% of all of energy and material use in Sweden. For this reason a unique cooperation between companies, municipalities and the Government called “Building-Living and Property Management for the future”, in short “The Building Living Dialogue” has going on since 2003. The project focuses on: a) healthy indoor environment, b) efficient use of energy, and c) efficient resource management. In accordance with the dialogue targets, two research projects were initiated aiming at developing an Environmental rating tool taking into accounts both building sector requirements and expectations and national and interna-tional research findings. This paper describes the first phase in the development work where stake-holders and researchers cooperate. It includes results from inventories and based on this experience discusses procedures for developing assessment tools and what the desirable features of a broadly accepted building rating tool could be.
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| 34. |
- Glaumann, Mauritz, et al.
(author)
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Miljöklassning av byggnader : Slutrapport april 2008
- 2008
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Den här rapporten presenterar en metod för att miljöklassa byggnader med avseende på energi, innemiljö och kemiska ämnen. Rapporten presenterar också några särskilda miljökrav för byggnader med eget VA-system. Det övergripande syftet med ett nationellt miljöklassningssystem är att bidra till en hållbar bygg- och fastighetssektor. Arbetet ska resultera i en praktiskt tillämpbar metod för miljöklassning av byggnader som är väl förankrad i byggsektorn och hos myndigheterna. En allmänt accepterad miljöklassning av yggnader kan bli ett starkt incitament för byggherrar, fastighetsägare, fastighetsförvaltare och bebyggelsens användare att påskynda en utveckling mot en miljöanpassad och hälsoinriktad byggsektor. En av de viktigaste utgångspunkterna för arbetet med att ta fram ett miljöklassningssystem har varit Bygga-bo-dialogens1 mål att alla nya hus och 30 procent av det befintliga byggnadsbeståndet ska vara miljöklassade senast år 2009. Denna ambition har medfört att enkelhet har varit ett viktigt mål för miljöklassningsarbetet. Balansen mellan trovärdighet och enkelhet har varit viktigt för arbetet.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Gunnarsson-Östling, Ulrika, et al.
(author)
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Participatory methods for creating feminist futures
- 2012
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In: Futures. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-3287 .- 1873-6378. ; 44:10, s. 914-922
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Gender perspectives in futures studies are rare and often sidelined, but there is also a feminist quest for feminist descriptions of the future. In this paper we explore how feminist futures could be devised, by analysing three one-day workshops designed to elaborate on feminist futures. The aim of the paper is twofold: to explore the possibilities of creating feminist images of the future and to develop and test participatory workshop methods for this in various settings. In all, around 70 participants (staff at a national funding agency/feminist researchers and practitioners working with gender equality/students in a futures studies course) took part in the workshops. The participants were guided through a sequence of activities including brainstorming and visioning with the ultimate aim of creating images of feminist futures, fulfilling a pre-specified goal: a society free of structural inequalities based on sex. The participants listed factors in the present and trends that may prevent us from achieving the goal and how these factors could be described in a feminist future. We argue that futures studies methods need to be changed in order to incorporate a critical gender perspective. In the paper we examine the results of the workshop and elaborate on how feminist futures can be created.
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| 39. |
- Höjer, Mattias, et al.
(author)
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Backcasting öppnar upp framtiden
- 2012
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In: Att utforska framtiden. - Stockholm : Dialogos Förlag. - 9789175042527 ; , s. 1-255
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 40. |
- Höjer, Mattias, et al.
(author)
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Experiences of the development and use of scenarios for evaluating Swedish environmental quality objectives
- 2011
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In: Futures. - : Elsevier. - 0016-3287 .- 1873-6378. ; 43:4, s. 498-512
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents and evaluates a method for encouraging long-term thinking and for considering a variety of scenarios in environmental policy processes. The Swedish environmental policy is based on 16 environmental quality objectives (EQOs) that national authorities are obliged to observe. These objectives are reviewed annually and evaluated in depth every four years. Here we describe and explore a futures study project for introducing more long-term thinking into work on the EQOs, which we tested in the in-depth evaluation in 2008. We found it difficult to design a collective scenario for a case with a wide variety of objectives and individuals with different backgrounds. However, this difficulty makes it even more important to incorporate futures studies into the work of the relevant authorities. Scenario work is often subcontracted, leading to a constant lack of futures studies expertise and thinking within authorities. Despite the difficulties, we found that experts within the authorities did begin to recognise the opportunities provided by futures studies. The project revealed an interest and need for futures studies within the authorities in charge of Swedish environmental quality objectives and our findings show that the authorities need to build up their own skills in futures studies.
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| 41. |
- Höjer, Mattias, et al.
(author)
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Experiences of the development and use of scenarios for evaluating Swedish national environmental objectives
- 2011
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In: Futures. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-3287 .- 1873-6378. ; 43:1, s. 1-15
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the present paper is to present and evaluate a method for encouraging long-term thinking and considerations of a variety of scenarios in environmental policy processes. The Swedish environmental policy is based on 16 environmental objectives that national authorities are responsible for. They are evaluated annually and also in-depth every fourth year. Here we describe and explore a futures study project for introducing a more long-term thinking in the work with the environmental objectives, tested in the in-depth evaluation 2008. An experience was that it is difficult to design a collective scenario work in a case with a wide variety of objectives and with individuals with different backgrounds. However, this difficulty makes it even more important to incorporate futures studies in authorities work. Scenario work is often subcontracted, leading to a constant lack of futures studies competence and thinking at the authorities. Another experience is that despite the difficulties, experts at the authorities did start thinking more in terms of opportunities with futures studies. A general conclusion from the work was that there is an interest and need for futures studies at the authorities in charge of the environmental objectives. The possibly most important conclusion from this project was that the authorities need to build up their own competences in futures studies.
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| 42. |
- Höjer, Mattias, et al.
(author)
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Experiences of the development and use of scenarios for evaluating Swedish national environmental objectives (vol 43, pg 1, 2011)
- 2011
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In: Futures. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-3287 .- 1873-6378. ; 43:4, s. 497-512
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents and evaluates a method for encouraging long-term thinking and for considering a variety of scenarios in environmental policy processes. The Swedish environmental policy is based on 16 environmental quality objectives (EQOs) that national authorities are obliged to observe. These objectives are reviewed annually and evaluated in depth every four years. Here we describe and explore a futures study project for introducing more long-term thinking into work on the EQOs, which we tested in the in-depth evaluation in 2008. We found it difficult to design a collective scenario for a case with a wide variety of objectives and individuals with different backgrounds. However, this difficulty makes it even more important to incorporate futures studies into the work of the relevant authorities. Scenario work is often subcontracted, leading to a constant lack of futures studies expertise and thinking within authorities. Despite the difficulties, we found that experts within the authorities did begin to recognise the opportunities provided by futures studies. The project revealed an interest and need for futures studies within the authorities in charge of Swedish environmental quality objectives and our findings show that the authorities need to build up their own skills in futures studies.
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| 43. |
- Kamb, Anneli, et al.
(author)
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Att äta hållbart? : En kartläggning av vad hållbar matkonsumtion kan innebära
- 2019
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna rapport har tagits fram inom forskningsprogrammet Mistra Sustainable Consumption – från nisch till mainstream som engagerar forskare från olika vetenskapliga discipliner och samhällspartners från offentlig sektor, näringsliv och civilsamhälle. Syftet med programmet är att stimulera en övergång till mer hållbar konsumtion. Forskningen är finansierad av Mistra, Stiftelsen för miljöstrategisk forskning, samt med medfinansiering från samtliga deltagande universitet och samhällspartners.
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| 44. |
- Kramers, Anna, 1961-
(author)
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Contribution of ICT to Climate Targets of Cities : Exploring the potential of Information and Communication Technologies in reducing emissions and energy use from buildings and travel
- 2012
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis examines how ICT solutions can assist in lowering energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from buildings and travel in order to help cities meet their climate targets. It also provides an overview of relevant research intended to furnish new knowledge about the issues involved and to find solutions to social problems.The first part of the thesis provides an analysis and compilation of critical system boundaries that need to be used for cities to set targets for energy use and GHG emissions. The climate targets of cities are dependent on setting system boundaries and establishing methods of calculations for monitoring whether the targets have been achieved. Today, there is no official standard for how the system boundaries must be set or what calculation methodologies to apply to evaluate the climate targets. Four main categories of system boundaries were identified: the temporal scope, the object of target setting, the unit of target setting, and the target range (e.g. consumer-producer and lifecycle perspective). Eight European cities were examined in relation to how they set climate targets. The examination showed that awareness of what is included in the targets is limited and that there is a need for standardised and consistent protocols and methods of setting climate targets for cities.In the second part of the thesis, leading Advanced Traveller Information Systems (ATIS) and their functionalities were investigated. The relationship between individual decisions on different travel modes and functionalities of ATIS was investigated through a systematic investigation of the functionality of nine ATIS, mainly from Sweden, Germany, UK and USA. This allowed decisions that could lead to lower energy use and emissions of GHG to be identified. It also resulted in a proposal on requirements for new and improved functionality that could support a reduction in energy use and GHG emissions and a shift to renewable energy sources if implemented in next-generation ATIS.In the third part of the thesis, ICT applications that can be used to reduce energy use and GHG emissions of buildings within the already built environment were identified. In addition, a brief analysis was made of how different actors such as the tenant, the building owner and the energy provider can reduce energy usage in buildings by means of ICT solutions.
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| 45. |
- Kramers, Anna, 1961-
(author)
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Smart Cities and Climate Targets : Reducing cities' energy use with ICT and travel information
- 2014
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis examines use of ICT in helping to reduce energy use in cities, thereby contributing to sustainable development and achievement of cities’ climate targets. It explores how targets can be developed in a consistent and transparent way, how to identify the main ICT ‘hotspots’ as regards reducing citizens’ energy use and how they can be included in city planning. Implementation of mobility management principles and climate targets was tested in two existing solutions, a traveller information system and a flexible work hub solution.Four key methodological considerations when setting climate targets for cities were identified. These concerned decisions on: target setting object, temporal scope, units and target range. A tool was developed for identifying promising ICT hotspots. The tool can also be used to monitor implementation of ICT solutions and the associated technological and socio-technical difficulties. In a case study in Greater Stockholm, the ICT hotspots identified were intelligent building heating systems, intelligent transport system and potential transformation of the physical environment (buildings and roads) enabled by ICT solutions.Two aspects of planning identified as crucial for successful implementation of energy saving ICT solutions were studied in detail: i) Timing of ICT-related decisions in the planning process; and ii) the actor networks needed to implement the ICT solutions and their management. There are few decision points in the current planning process, so the municipality as property owner and its decision-making process are of crucial importance. Two collaborative approaches to govern, network governance and coordination through meta-governance as a way of indirect steering, are proposed.An investigation of nine traveller information systems and a case study in Stockholm of flexible work hub solutions revealed that mobility management approaches to reduce transport demand and encourage environmentally friendly transport modes are poorly reflected in the implementation. To support mobility management approaches, traveller information systems should primarily offer, or be integrated with, other solutions that support the choices “no travel” and “shorter journey”. Flexible work hubs should be located in local nodes closer to people’s homes.The main conclusions from this work were that ICT solutions can be modified to support achievement of cities’ climate targets and that climate targets must be defined using transparent methodology that clarifies the target content, ensuring that the most promising energy saving ICT solutions are implemented.
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| 46. |
- Lehner, Matthias, et al.
(author)
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Att inreda hållbart : En kartläggning av vad hållbar heminredning kan innebära
- 2019
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna rapport har tagits fram inom forskningsprogrammet Mistra Sustainable Consumption – från nisch till mainstream som engagerar forskare från olika vetenskapliga discipliner och samhällspartners från offentlig sektor, näringsliv och civilsamhälle. Syftet med programmet är att stimulera en övergång till mer hållbar konsumtion. Forskningen är finansierad av Mistra, Stiftelsen för miljöstrategisk forskning, samt med medfinansiering från samtliga deltagande universitet och samhällspartners.De som skrivit texter till rapporten är Matthias Lehner, Heather Schoonover, Oksana Mont, Karin Bradley, Anneli Kamb och Åsa Svenfelt. Karin Bradley och Anneli Kamb har också varit redaktörer för rapporten. Miriam Börjesson Rivera, Annika Carlsson-Kanyama, Mikael Klintman, Vishal Parekh, Ola Persson, Eleni Stamatopoulou, Maria Thorson och Hanna Zetterberg har bidragit med underlags-material. Alla partners, listade nedan, har bidragit med inspel till kartläggningen av hållbarakonsumtionspraktiker. Emma Gerdin har arbetat med layout och bildsättning. Johan Jarelin påKonsumentverket, Ulrika Celin Wedin på Lunds kommun och Nina Wolf på Göteborgs stad har läst och bidragit med värdefulla kommentarer.Denna rapport har två syskonrapporter som är upplagda på liknande sätt och som har gemensamma inlednings- och avslutningstexter. De tre rapporterna Att äta hållbart?, Att semestra hållbart? ochAtt inreda hållbart? finns tillgängliga i digital form via programmets hemsida:www.sustainableconsumption.se.Stockholm och Lund den 4 februari 2019
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| 47. |
- Malmqvist, Tove, et al.
(author)
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A Swedish environmental rating tool for buildings
- 2011
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In: Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-5442 .- 1873-6785. ; 36:4, s. 1893-1899
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 2003, a joint effort between the Swedish government, a number of companies in the building and construction sectors, some municipalities, insurance companies and banks set a target that by 2009, all new buildings and 30% of existing Swedish buildings should be rated using a voluntary environmental rating tool. In a major research programme finished in 2008, a tool was developed to be used in this context. The tool covers three assessment areas: Energy, Indoor environment and Material & Chemicals. These areas are split into 11 aspects with one or a few indicators. Rating criteria are specified for each indicator, stipulating requirements for a rating Gold, Silver, Bronze and Rated. Indicator results can then be aggregated to aspect, area and a single raring for building level for enhanced result communication. The tool builds on previous experiences regarding environmental building rating tools and therefore includes some special characteristics which aim to tackle some of the criticism directed towards the first generation of such tools. At the time of writing, the first buildings have received official ratings and an independent stakeholder group is promoting broader implementation of the tool. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 48. |
- Milestad, Rebecka, et al.
(author)
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Developing integrated explorative and normative scenarios : The case of future land use in a climate-neutral Sweden
- 2014
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In: Futures. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-3287 .- 1873-6378. ; 60, s. 59-71
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Transition from the current oil-based world economy to an economy based on renewable resources can become a strong driving force for land use change. This paper describes the development of integrated explorative and normative scenarios for the analysis of future land use in a climate-neutral Sweden. The aim is to show how backcasting scenarios fulfilling far-reaching greenhouse gas reduction targets can be related to assumptions on possible external developments, in order to contribute to the discussion on future sustainable land use. A target-fulfilling scenario element was combined with an external scenario element, i.e. developments that cannot be influenced by the targeted actors. The scenarios were developed and analysed in collaboration with local actors. Four scenarios were used to describe how land in Sweden could be used when Sweden has achieved zero emissions of greenhouse gases in 2060. The explorative dimension stretched from a situation where there is no international climate agreement to one where there is an international agreement on reducing greenhouse gases. The backcasting dimension illustrated different strategies to achieve the target and stretches from a very influential municipal level to one where the national/EU level is most influential.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Parekh, Vishal, 1991-, et al.
(author)
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Taking sustainable eating practices from niche to mainstream : the perspectives of Swedish food-provisioning actors on barriers and potentials
- 2022
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In: Sustainability. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1548-7733. ; 18:1, s. 292-308
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The food system is a major driver of anthropogenic environmental impacts and in Sweden a sizeable proportion of the country’s relatively large per capita ecological footprint is attributable to food. In short, sustainable eating practices need to become mainstream. Actors within the food-provisioning system likely have valuable insights into how such a transition could be enabled. This article presents the results of a qualitative study that aimed to examine the perspectives of these individuals on such a transition in Sweden using a social practice framework to identify framings of barriers and potentials for mainstreaming sustainable eating practices. We found that conventional framings and models for explaining change and transitions dominate. These approaches center on providing alternative food products, with some attention devoted to normalizing sustainable eating through product design, communication, and marketing. However, exceptions to these strategies include calls for redefining business profitability in terms of human and planetary health and notions of a decentralized food-provisioning system consisting of small-scale actors and limited by the regional and seasonal supply of food. Our analysis suggests that interventions for mainstreaming sustainable eating practices need to move beyond a constrained recrafting of mainstream eating practices and toward systematic practice substitution that favors considerations regarding how eating practices connect to other practices that constitute people’s everyday lives. We conclude by discussing implications for the food-provisioning system and suggest directions for further research that could lead to the development of strategies for mainstreaming sustainable eating practices in Sweden and elsewhere.
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