| 1. |
- Eriksson Linsmeier, Cecilia, et al.
(author)
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Can histology solve the riddle of non-functioning electrodes; factors influencing the biocompatibillity of brain machine interfaces.
- 2011
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In: Progress in Brain Research. - 0079-6123. ; 194, s. 181-189
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Neural interfaces hold great promise to become invaluable clinical and diagnostic tools in the near future. However, the biocompatibility and the long-term stability of the implanted interfaces are far from optimized. There are several factors that need to be addressed and standardized when improving the long-term success of an implanted electrode. We have chosen to focus on three key factors when evaluating the evoked tissue responses after electrode implantation into the brain: implant size, fixation mode, and evaluation period. Further, we show results from an ultrathin multichannel wire electrode that has been implanted in the rat cerebral cortex for 1 year. To improve biocompatibility of implanted electrodes, we would like to suggest that free-floating, very small, flexible, and, in time, wireless electrodes would elicit a diminished cell encapsulation. We would also like to suggest standardized methods for the electrode design, the electrode implantation method, and the analyses of cell reactions after implantation into the CNS in order to improve the long-term success of implanted neural interfaces.
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| 2. |
- Holmberg, S, et al.
(author)
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Is there an increased risk of knee osteoarthritis among farmers? A population-based case-control study
- 2004
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In: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 77:5, s. 345-350
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives. Occupational workload is generally considered a to be contributing cause in the development of knee osteoarthritis, in addition to well-known risk factors such as age, female gender, excess weight and previous knee injuries. Farmers have an increased risk of developing hip osteoarthritis, but it is uncertain if farming is influencing the occurrence of knee osteoarthritis. The aim of this population-based case-control study was to investigate the risk of radiographically verified femorotibial osteoarthritis among farmers and those in some other physically demanding occupations. Methods. A mailed questionnaire inquiring about previous occupations was answered by 778 subjects having X-ray verified osteoarthritis in the femorotibial joint and 695 matched controls. The reply frequency was 89%. Mean age of the participants was 63 years, 43% were male and 57% female. The relationship between knee osteoarthritis and occupation was analysed by multiple logistic regression, with adjustment for a number of variables. Results. Men who had worked for 11-30 years in the building and construction industry had a 3.7-times (95% CI 1.2-11.3) increased risk of knee osteoarthritis. Farm work was not related to an increased risk for men. However, women who had worked for 11-30 years in farming tended to have an increased risk (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.0-4.5). Forestry, letter-carrying (postal), cleaning and healthcare work was not related to knee osteoarthritis. Excess weight, heredity and previous knee injuries were strong risk factors, whereas smoking showed a negative relationship to knee osteoarthritis. Conclusion. Work in building and construction occupations, but not in farming, was associated with an increased risk of knee osteoarthritis.
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| 3. |
- Holmberg, S., et al.
(author)
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Knee osteoarthritis and body mass index : A population-based case-control study
- 2005
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-9742 .- 1502-7732. ; 34:1, s. 59-64
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: It is well established that overweight is related to osteoarthritis of the knees. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of knee osteoarthritis for men and women in relation to body mass index (BMI) within the normal weight range and to assess the effect of former versus current weight. Methods: A population-based case-control study was carried out in the southern part of Sweden, including 825 cases with X-ray verified femorotibial osteoarthritis and 825 age-, sex-, and county-matched population controls. Mailed questionnaire data on weight, height, and confounding factors (heredity, smoking, knee injuries, and physical activity) were collected and analysed using logistic regression models. The response frequency was 89%. Results: Mean age of the participants was 63 years, and 57% were women. The adjusted risk of knee osteoarthritis was increased fourfold in men with a current BMI 23 to <25 kg/m2 as compared to men with BMI <23 kg/m2 (OR 4.0, 95% CI 1.7-9.5). The commensurate risk for women was 1.6 (95% CI 0.9-3.1). BMI at 30 years of age was similarly related to knee osteoarthritis. Conclusion: A moderate increase in BMI, within the normal weight range, was significantly related to knee osteoarthritis among men. Overweight at any time was related to knee osteoarthritis. © 2005 Taylor & Francis.
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| 4. |
- Thelin, A., et al.
(author)
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Functioning in neck and low back pain from a 12-year perspective : A prospective population-based study
- 2008
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In: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 40:7, s. 555-561
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of unspecific neck pain and low back pain at a given time (1990-91) with respect to physical and social functioning and role limitations due to emotional problems 12 years later. Methods: A rural male study population (2351 individuals) was established in 1989 and a first survey conducted in 1990-91. A follow-up survey was performed in 2002-03. A total of 1405 persons participated in both surveys. Functioning and role limitations in 2002-03 were evaluated using the SF-36 instrument. Several possible confounders were included in the analyses. Results: Unspecific neck pain or low back pain in 1990-91 was shown in a multivariate longitudinal regression model to be significantly related to limited physical (odds ratio (OR) = 2.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.51-2.87) and social (OR= 1.92, 95% CI 1.33-2.75) functioning 12 years later. The effects were only slightly modified by the confounders analysed. However, higher education independently and significantly predicted a low risk for functional limitations. Conclusion: Non-specific neck pain and low back pain at a given time impacted on the risk of limited physical and social functioning many years later. Current symptoms of depression and anxiety at the time for the second survey had a high impact on functional limitations. © 2008 Foundation of Rehabilitation Information.
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| 5. |
- Thelin, Nils, et al.
(author)
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Knee injuries account for the sports-related increased risk of knee osteoarthritis
- 2006
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 16:5, s. 329-333
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Increased risk of osteoarthritis has been found among athletes active in different kinds of sports. Knee injury is an established risk factor for knee osteoarthritis. In this population-based case–control study we investigated the risk of knee osteoarthritis with respect to sports activity and previous knee injuries. A total of 825 cases with x-ray-verified femorotibial osteoarthritis were identified at six hospitals in southern Sweden. The cases were matched (age, sex and residential area) with 825 controls from the general population. Mailed questionnaire data on sports activity for more than 1 year after the age of 16, knee injuries and confounding variables (weight, height, heredity, smoking and occupation) were collected and analyzed using logistic regression models. The response frequency was 89%. Among men knee osteoarthritis was related to soccer (odds ratio (OR) 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–2.2), ice hockey (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2–3.0) and tennis (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1–3.8) but not to track and field sports, cross-country skiing, and orienteering. After adjustment for confounding variables soccer and ice hockey remained significantly related to knee osteoarthritis, but after adjustment for knee injuries no significant relation remained. The sports-related increased risk for knee osteoarthritis was explained by knee injuries.
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| 6. |
- Thelin, Nils, et al.
(author)
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Mortality and morbidity among farmers, nonfarming rural men, and urban referents : a prospective population-based study
- 2009
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In: International journal of occupational and environmental health. - : Maney Publishing. - 1077-3525 .- 2049-3967. ; 15:1, s. 21-28
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A cohort of 1,220 farmers, 1,130 nonfarming rural men, and 1,087 urban referents from Sweden were monitored for 12 years. Farmers had lower mortality than urban referents for all causes of death (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37-0.71), cancer (HR = 0.44; 95% CI, 0.24-0.78) and cardiovascular diseases (HR = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.36-0.99). Nonfarming rural men had lower mortality than urban referents for all causes of deaths (HR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.70-0.94). Farmers and nonfarming rural men had significantly lower morbidity risks of cancer and of psychiatric disorders than urban referents. Farmers had significantly lower risk of endocrine disorders, cardiovascular disorders, and respiratory disorders. In general, morbidity was lower among nonfarming rural men compared with urban referents and was even lower among farmers. Urban referents had, however, significantly less musculoskeletal disorder morbidity. An urban-rural factor and a farming occupational or lifestyle factor results in lower mortality and morbidity rates except concerning musculoskeletal disorders.
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| 7. |
- Axfors, Cathrine, et al.
(author)
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Preferences for Gender Affirming Treatment and Associated Factors Among Transgender People in Sweden
- 2023
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In: Sexuality Research & Social Policy. - : Springer Nature. - 1868-9884 .- 1553-6610. ; 20:2, s. 479-490
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IntroductionGender affirming surgery of primary and/or secondary sex characteristics has been shown to alleviate gender dysphoria. A descriptive snapshot of current treatment preferences is useful to understand the needs of the transgender population seeking health care. This study aimed to describe preferences for gender affirming treatment, and their correlates, among individuals seeking health care for gender dysphoria in Sweden after major national legislative reforms.MethodsCross-sectional study where transgender patients (n = 232) recruited from all six Gender Dysphoria centers in Sweden 2016–2019, answered a survey on treatment preferences and sociodemographic, health, and gender identity-related information during the same time-period. Factors associated with preferring top surgery (breast augmentation or mastectomy), genital surgery, and other surgery (e.g., facial surgery) were examined in univariable and multivariable regression analyses in the 197 people without prior such treatment. Main study outcomes were preferences for feminizing or masculinizing hormonal and surgical gender affirming treatment.ResultsThe proportion among birth assigned male and assigned female patients preferring top surgery was 55.6% and 88.7%, genital surgery 88.9% and 65.7%, and other surgery (e.g., facial surgery) 85.6% and 22.5%, respectively. Almost all participants (99.1%) wanted or had already received hormonal treatment and most (96.7%) wished for some kind of surgical treatment; 55.0% wanted both top and genital surgery. Preferring a binary pronoun (he/she) and factors indicating more severe gender incongruence were associated with a greater wish for surgical treatment. Participants with somatic comorbidities were less likely to want genital surgery, while aF with lacking social support were less likely to want internal genital surgery, in the multivariable analyses.ConclusionsIn this sample of Swedish young adults seeking health care for gender dysphoria, preferences for treatment options varied according to perceived gender identity.Policy ImplicationsThe study fndings underline the need for individualized care and fexible gender afrming treatmentoptions. The role of somatic comorbidities should be further explored, and support should be ofered to transgender peoplein need. There is an unmet need for facial surgery among aM
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| 8. |
- Bednarska, Olga, et al.
(author)
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The Effectiveness and Tolerability of a Very Low-Volume Bowel Preparation for Colonoscopy Compared to Low and High-Volume Polyethylene Glycol-Solutions in the Real-Life Setting
- 2022
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In: Diagnostics. - Basel, Switzerland : MDPI. - 2075-4418. ; 12:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Adequate bowel cleansing is essential for high-quality colonoscopy. Recently, a new very low-volume 1 litre (1L) polyethylene glycol (PEG) plus ascorbate solution (ASC) has been introduced. Our aims were to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of this product compared to low-volume 2L PEG-ASC and high-volume 4L PEG solutions, in a real-life setting. In six endoscopy units in Sweden, outpatients undergoing colonoscopy were either prescribed solutions according to local routines, or the very low-volume solution in split dose regimen. Bowel cleansing effectiveness and patient experience was assessed using the Boston Bowel preparation scale (BBPS) and a patient questionnaire. A total of 1098 patients (mean age 58 years, 52% women) were included. All subsegment and the total BBPS scores were significantly greater for 1L PEG-ASC in comparison to other solutions (p < 0.05 for 1L PEG-ASC and 4L PEG for transverse and left colon, otherwise p < 0.001). Nausea was more frequent with 1L PEG-ASC compared to 2L PEG-ASC (p < 0.001) and vomiting were more often reported compared to both other solutions (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05 for 2L PEG-ASC and 4L PEG, respectively). Smell, taste, and total experience was better for 1L PEG-ASC compared to 4L PEG (p < 0.001), and similar compared to the 2L PEG-ASC. In conclusion, 1L PEG-ASC leads to better bowel cleansing compared to 2L PEG-ASC or 4L PEG products, with similar or greater patient satisfaction.
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| 9. |
- Blomström-Lundqvist, Carina, et al.
(author)
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A randomized double-blind study of epicardial left atrial cryoablation for permanent atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery: the SWEDish Multicentre Atrial Fibrillation study (SWEDMAF).
- 2007
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In: European heart journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 28:23, s. 2902-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: The efficacy of epicardial left atrial (LA) cryoablation in eliminating atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery (MVS) is unknown. We hypothesized that MVS combined with LA cryoablation is superior to MVS alone. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixty-nine patients with permanent AF, included at four centres, underwent MVS with or without epicardial LA cryoablation. The primary endpoint was regained sinus rhythm. Risk factors for failed AF cryoablation were elucidated. Sixty-five out of 69 patients reached the primary endpoint. At 6 and 12 months follow-up, 73.3% of patients who underwent cryoablation had regained sinus rhythm at both follow-ups, compared with 45.7 and 42.9% of patients, respectively, who underwent MVS alone (group differences, at 6 months P = 0.024, after 12 months P = 0.013). The in-hospital complication rate was 11.4% in the MVS group and 26.5% in the cryoablation group (P = 0.110). Risk factors for failed elimination of AF by cryoablation were duration of permanent AF (P = 0.012) and presence of coronary artery disease (P = 0.047), according to multiple logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: This first prospective randomized study showed that combining MVS with epicardial LA cryoablation is significantly better in eliminating pre-operative permanent AF than MVS alone.
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| 10. |
- Bolic Baric, Vedrana, et al.
(author)
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Computer use in educational activities by students with ADHD
- 2014
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In: 16th International Congress of the World Federation of Occupational Therapists.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Introduction: One type of support in school that holds promise for students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the use of information and communication technology (ICT) such as computers and Internet. Computer use in educational activities may be one promising tool to support academic performance of students with ADHD experiencing difficulties in school. However, students with ADHD may be overlooked regarding available support compared with students with physical disabilities.Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate computer use in educational activities by students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in comparison with that of students with physical disabilities and students from the general population.Methods: The design of the study was cross-sectional with group comparison. Students with a primary diagnosis of ADHD and related disorders were recruited from habilitation centres (HCs). Students with ADHD (n=102) were pairmatched in terms of age and sex with students with physical disabilities and students from the general population (n = 940) were used as a reference group.Results: Students with ADHD reported significantly less frequent use of computers for almost all educational activities compared with students with physical disabilities and students from the general population. Students with ADHD reported low satisfaction with computer use in school. In addition, students with ADHD reported a desire to use computers more often and for more activities in school compared with students with physical disabilities. Conclusion: From an equality perspective, it is essential to enable students with ADHD to use computers in educational activities. Contribution to the practice/evidence base of occupational therapy: Focusing on promoting computer use in educational activities in school for students with physical disabilities as well as students with ADHD is an emerging field in occupational therapy.
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| 11. |
- Bolic, Vedrana, et al.
(author)
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Computer use in educational activities by students with ADHD
- 2013
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 20:5, s. 357-364
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate computer use in educational activities by students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in comparison with that of students with physical disabilities and students from the general population. Methods: The design of the study was cross-sectional with group comparison. Students with ADHD (n = 102) were pair-matched in terms of age and sex with students with physical disabilities and students from the general population (n = 940) were used as a reference group. Results: The study showed that less than half of the students with ADHD had access to a computer in the classroom. Students with ADHD reported significantly less frequent use of computers for almost all educational activities compared with students with physical disabilities and students from the general population. Students with ADHD reported low satisfaction with computer use in school. In addition, students with ADHD reported a desire to use computers more often and for more activities in school compared with students with physical disabilities. Conclusions: These results indicate that occupational therapists should place more emphasize on how to enable students with ADHD to use computers in educational activities in school.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Edvinsson, Marie, 1976-
(author)
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Chlamydophila pneumoniae in Cardiovascular Diseases : Clinical and Experimental Studies
- 2008
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) has been suggested as a stimulator of chronic inflammation in atherosclerosis. C. pneumoniae DNA was demonstrated in aortic biopsies in 50% of patients with stable angina pectoris or acute coronary syndrome undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. C. pneumoniae mRNA, a marker of replicating bacteria, was demonstrated in 18% of the aortic biopsies. Inflammation may have a role in the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection and aortic valve stenosis. C. pneumoniae DNA was demonstrated in aortic biopsies in 26% of thoracic aortic aneurysm patients and in 11% of aortic dissection patients undergoing thoracic surgery and in 22% of stenotic aortic heart valves from patients undergoing aortic valve replacement. No bacterial mRNA was demonstrated in these aortic biopsies, nor in the valves, suggesting that the infection has passed into a persistent state. C. pneumoniae DNA was demonstrated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in only 5% of aortic valve stenosis patients and not in thoracic aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection patients, suggesting that the bacterium disseminated to the cardiovascular tissue long before the patient required surgery. The copper/zinc ratio in serum, a marker of infection/inflammation, was significantly elevated in thoracic aortic aneurysm patients, supporting an inflammatory pathogenesis. Patients positive for C. pneumoniae in the aortic valve had more advanced coronary atherosclerosis, further supporting a possible role for C. pneumoniae in atherosclerosis. Mice were infected with C. pneumoniae that disseminated to all organs investigated (i.e. lungs, heart, aorta, liver and spleen). Trace element concentrations were altered in infected animals with an increased copper/zinc ratio in serum, a progressively increased iron concentration in the liver and a progressively decreased iron concentration in serum. Iron is important for C. pneumoniae metabolism, and a changed iron homeostasis was noted in infected mice by alterations in iron-regulating proteins, such as DMT1 and hepcidin.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Edvinsson, Marie, et al.
(author)
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Trace Element Changes in Thoracic Aortic Dissection
- 2016
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In: Biological Trace Element Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0163-4984 .- 1559-0720. ; 169:2, s. 159-163
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thoracic aortic dissection is a life-threatening condition with an incompletely understood pathogenesis. Trace elements are essential for the functioning of different processes in the body, including the immune system and associated responses to infection/inflammation. Because inflammation may be part of the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic dissection, we investigated whether trace element changes associated with inflammation occur in serum and tissue samples during the disease. The study included 21 patients undergoing surgery for thoracic aortic dissection, 10 forensic autopsy specimens for tissue controls and 23 healthy blood donors for serum controls. Levels of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), vanadium (V), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) were measured in the aortic tissue and serum by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In the serum, Ca, V, Cu and Zn decreased, whereas Fe increased. In the tissue, Cu and Zn decreased and Fe tended to increase. The Cu/Zn ratio in the serum, a marker of infection/inflammation, did not change in the patients. Concerning trace element changes in the serum and tissue, our data do not support the hypothesis that inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic dissection.
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| 17. |
- Glans, Martin, 1985-, et al.
(author)
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Association between adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and generalised joint hypermobility : A cross-sectional case control comparison
- 2021
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In: Journal of Psychiatric Research. - : Elsevier. - 0022-3956 .- 1879-1379. ; 143, s. 334-340
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Growing evidence suggests an unexpected association between generalised joint hypermobility (GJH) and several psychiatric conditions, and a shared pathophysiology has been proposed. No previous studies on adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are available. This study aimed to evaluate the association between adult ADHD and GJH. A total of 431 adults with ADHD and 417 non-ADHD controls were included in this cross-sectional comparative study. GJH was assessed by physical examination following the Beighton scoring system (BSS). Furthermore, musculoskeletal symptoms and skin abnormalities were queried to create a proxy for symptomatic GJH (e.g., Hypermobility spectrum disorders and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome) to differentiate this from non-specified GJH defined by BSS only. Logistic regression examined the influence of ADHD and candidate covariates (age, sex, ethnicity) on GJH and symptomatic GJH, respectively. ADHD was significantly associated with GJH, as defined by the BSS, with adjusted odds ratios of 4.7 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.0-7.2, p < .005). Likewise, ADHD was significantly associated with symptomatic GJH, as defined by the BSS and additional symptoms, with adjusted odds ratios of 6.9 (CI 95% 4.1-11.9, p < .005). Our results suggest that GJH may represent a marker for an underlying systemic disorder involving both connective tissue and the central nervous system. GJH with additional musculoskeletal symptoms and/or skin abnormalities has a considerable stronger link to adult ADHD than non-specified GJH has, and may need awareness in ADHD management. Future studies should investigate the mechanisms behind this association and how comorbid GJH affects ADHD outcome.
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| 18. |
- Glans, Martin, 1985-, et al.
(author)
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The Relationship Between Generalised Joint Hypermobility and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Adults : A Large, Cross-Sectional, Case Control Comparison
- 2022
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In: Frontiers in Psychiatry. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-0640. ; 12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and generalised joint hypermobility (GJH) share a number of clinical manifestations including proprioceptive impairment, motor difficulties, sensory hypersensitivity, and autonomic dysfunction. Clinical observations suggest that GJH is overrepresented in ASD. However, there are currently few systematic studies available. Knowledge about comorbidities may unfold common aetiopathological pathways underlying the association and improve the clinical management. The aim of this large, cross-sectional comparative study is to evaluate the relationship between ASD and GJH in adults. Data on joint hypermobility, symptoms associated with both hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD) and hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS), lifetime psychiatric diagnoses, psychiatric rating scales for ASD and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and socio-demographics was collected for 199 individuals with ASD and 419 non-ASD community controls. Logistic regression models adjusting for covariates (age, sex, ethnicity) revealed a significant relationship between ASD and GJH and between ASD and symptomatic GJH, with adjusted odds ratios of 3.1 (95% CI: 1.9, 5.2; p < 0.001) and 4.9 (95% CI: 2.6, 9.0; p < 0.001), respectively. However, the high prevalence of comorbid ADHD in the study sample reduces the generalizability of the results among individuals with ASD without comorbid ADHD. Possibly, an additional ADHD phenotype is the primary driver of the association between ASD and GJH. Furthermore, GJH with additional self-reported symptoms, suggestive of HSD/hEDS, showed a stronger association with ASD than did non-specified GJH, indicating that symptomatic GJH plays a greater role in the relationship than non-specified GJH does. Therefore, the current study underscores the need of careful sample subclassifications. ASD with GJH may represent a novel subgroup of ASD in terms of aetiopathology and clinical presentation. Future research should elucidate the aetiological factors behind the association between ASD and GJH and evaluate how the comorbidity of GJH affects ASD outcomes.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Iliadis, Stavros I., 1983-, et al.
(author)
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Psychometric properties and concurrent validity of the Transgender Congruence Scale (TCS) in the Swedish setting
- 2020
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Transgender Congruence Scale (TCS) is a non-binary tool used in Sweden for gender dysphoria (GD) assessment; however, its Swedish version has not been validated. To investigate the psychometric properties of the TCS, its capacity to distinguish individuals with GD and its concurrent validity compared to other scales. Patients with GD (n=135) and controls (n=443) filled in a questionnaire containing sociodemographic questions, the TCS, the Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale (UGDS), and the Gender Identity/Gender Dysphoria Questionnaire for Adolescents and Adults (GIDYQ-AA). TCS had good discriminatory validity and internal consistency. Patients with GD, stratified by birth-assigned sex, had lower TCS scores compared to controls. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the two-factor model of the TCS. Multiple-group CFA suggested measurement invariance between birth-assigned sexes and configural invariance between patients with GD and controls. Area under the ROC curve for birth-assigned males was 0.991 and for females 0.994. A TCS mean value of three provided sensitivity 94.3% and 95.1% as well as specificity 98.6% and 98% for aM and aF, respectively. The TCS was significantly correlated to UGDS and GIDYQ-AA. The TCS may be a valuable tool in the clinical assessment of individuals with GD.
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| 21. |
- Johansson, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
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Atrial function after left atrial epicardial cryoablation for atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery
- 2012
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In: Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology. - : Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. - 1383-875X .- 1572-8595. ; 33:1, s. 85-91
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: To explore the effects on atrial and ventricular function of restoring sinus rhythm (SR) after epicardial cryoablation and closure of the left atrial appendage (LAA) in patients with mitral valve disease and atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing surgery.METHODS: Sixty-five patients with permanent AF were randomized to mitral valve surgery combined with left atrial epicardial cryoablation and LAA closure (ABL group, n = 30) or to mitral valve surgery alone (control group, n = 35). Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography were performed before and 6 months after surgery.RESULTS: At 6 months, 73% of the patients in the ABL group and 46% of the controls were in SR. Patients in SR at 6 months had a reduction in their left ventricular diastolic diameter while the left ventricular ejection fraction was unchanged. In patients remaining in AF, the left ventricular ejection fraction was lower than at baseline. The left atrial diastolic volume was reduced after surgery, more in patients with SR than AF. In patients in SR, the peak velocity during the atrial contraction and the reservoir function were lower in the ABL group than in the control group.CONCLUSIONS: In patients in SR, signs of atrial dysfunction were observed in the ABL but not the control group. Atrial dysfunction may have existed before surgery, but the difference between the groups implies that the cryoablation procedure and/or closure of the LAA might have contributed.
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| 22. |
- Nyström-Rosander, Christina, et al.
(author)
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Interactions between Chlamydia pneumoniae and trace elements : a possible link to aortic valve sclerosis
- 2003
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In: Biological Trace Element Research. - 0163-4984 .- 1559-0720. ; 91:2, s. 97-110
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An association between Chlamydia pneumoniae and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases has been suggested. However, other factors may interact in the pathogenesis of valve sclerosis. Therefore, trace elements important for C. pneumoniae growth and host defense and markers of C. pneumoniae infection were studied in sclerotic valves and serum. Forty-six patients undergoing surgical valve replacement due to advanced aortic sclerosis were prospectively studied. Valves from 15 forensic cases with no heart valve disease and plasma from 46 healthy volunteers served as controls. C. pneumoniae was detected in 16/46 (34.8 %) sclerotic valves and in 0/15 forensic controls. IgG and IgA antibodies to C. pneumoniae were present in 54.3% and 26.1 % patients, respectively. In the patients' valves, iron, magnesium, and zinc each correlated to calcium, a marker of the histopathological severity of disease. Patients showed 10- to 70-fold increases of these trace elements in valves and an increased copper/zinc ratio in serum. In a majority of aortic sclerosis patients, one of several markers of C. pneumoniae infection were detected and all patients had a disturbed trace element balance in valves and serum suggestive of active immune process and infection. The pattern of trace element changes was essentially similar regardless of positive makers of C. pneumoniae, suggesting a similar etiopathogenesis in both subgroups. The 20-fold increase in iron, essential for C. pneumoniae growth, in sclerotic valves suggests a new possible link to this infection in aortic sclerosis.
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| 23. |
- Nyström-Rosander, Christina, et al.
(author)
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Thoracic aortic aneurysm patients with Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection showed a shift in trace element levels in serum and diseased aortic tissue
- 2009
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In: Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0946-672X .- 1878-3252. ; 23:2, s. 100-106
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Few studies have been performed on trace elements in tissues and serum in cardiovascular disease and none in aortic aneurysm. In this study the concentrations of 10 trace elements were determined in serum and aneurysmatic aortic tissue from 23 patients undergoing thoracic surgery. Macroscopically, normal thoracic aortic tissue specimens from 10 forensic autopsies and serum from 23 healthy blood donors served as controls. DNA from the intracellular respiratory pathogen Chlamydophila pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae), which may be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, was found in 26% (6/23) of the patients but in none of the controls. The serum copper/zinc ratio, a well-known marker of ongoing infection and/or inflammation, was higher (26%, p<0.001) in aneurysm patients. C. pneumoniae requires iron for its growth. In our aneurysm patients iron was higher in serum (by 54%, p<0.001) and aneurysmal tissue (by 60%, p<0.001). Although calcium was lower in patient sera (by 8%, p<0.001), it tended to be higher (by 20%, ns) in aneurysmatic tissue. In addition, mercury concentrations in serum and aneurysmatic tissue were positively correlated (r=0.51, p<0.05). Moreover, C. pneumoniae-positive aneurysmatic tissues had lower concentrations of manganese (46%, p<0.05) and zinc (26%, ns) but a higher concentration of mercury (50%, p<0.05) than C. pneumoniae-negative aneurysmatic tissues. In conclusion, aneurysm patients showed a shift in trace element levels in serum and in the diseased part of the aorta, the pattern being partly different in C. pneumoniae-positive compared with C. pneumoniae-negative patients. The results are compatible with active infection and/or inflammation, possibly initiated by C. pneumoniae.
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| 24. |
- Nyström-Rosander, Christina, et al.
(author)
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Trace element changes in sclerotic heart valves from patients are expressed in their blood
- 2004
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In: Biometals. - 0966-0844 .- 1572-8773. ; 17:2, s. 121-128
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The pathogenesis of some heart diseases has been associated with changes in the balance of certain trace elements. However, whether blood trace element changes exist that are related to changes in the cardiovascular system are, in most cases, unknown. In this study, blood trace element levels were analysed in 46 patients with non-rheumatic aortic valve sclerosis that were previously shown to have a disturbed trace element balance in their valve tissue, including 11/15 elements. Results showed significant changes of blood levels of 8/15 trace elements in these patients when compared with blood levels in 46 healthy controls. Of these elements, Cd and Mg were the only elements that increased in both blood and valves. Cu and Se were increased in blood but decreased in valves, whereas Co and Zn were decreased in blood but increased in valves. Several elements (As, Ca, Fe, Pb, and V) were unchanged in blood although changed in valves. Although Mn and Hg showed changes in blood, this was not evident in the valves. Al and Ag were the only elements that did not change in both blood and valves. Significant covariation in blood and valve levels was only observed for Al and Pb. The recorded pattern of trace element changes indicates a complex competition/exchange between body compartments in this disease, where the increased blood Cu/Zn ratio suggests an ongoing infectious/inflammatory process.
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| 25. |
- Nyström-Rosander, Christina, et al.
(author)
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Trace element changes in sclerotic heart valves from patients undergoing aortic valve surgery.
- 2002
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In: Biological Trace Element Research. - 0163-4984 .- 1559-0720. ; 88:1, s. 9-24
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Several trace elements are essential nutrients for an optimal functioning of organs and tissues, including the immune system and the heart. The pathogenesis of some heart diseases has been associated with changes in the balance of certain trace elements. The etiology of nonrheumatic aortic valve sclerosis is unknown, however. A prospective study was performed on trace element changes in the sclerotic valves of 46 patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement because of aortic stenosis. Valves from 15 individual forensic cases without known cardiac disease served as controls. The contents of 15 trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Hg, Se, Ag, V, and Zn) were measured by inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) of aortic valve tissue from both patients and forensic autopsy controls. Some trace elements showed similar concentrations in sclerotic and control valves (Al, Ag, Hg, Mn), whereas a few were moderately changed in the sclerotic as compared with the control valves, including an increase in Cd by 52% (p < 0.05) and decreases in Se by 14% (p < 0.05), in V by 42% (p < 0,001), and in Cu by 45% (p < 0.001). However, there were pronounced increases (p < 0.001) in the concentrations of As (5-fold), Ca (70-fold), Co(10-fold), Fe (20-fold), Pb (8-fold), Mg (20-fold), and Zn (10-fold) in the sclerotic valves. Thus, sclerotic aortic valve disease is associated with a pronounced imbalance in several trace elements of well-known importance for cardiovascular and immune function as well as in trace elements with hitherto unknown significance.
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| 26. |
- Tenngart, Paul, et al.
(author)
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Förord : Den ständige Baudelaire
- 2023
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In: Det ondas blommor. - 9789189728394 ; , s. 17-23
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Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Thelin, Jonas, et al.
(author)
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Implant size and fixation mode strongly influence tissue reactions in the CNS
- 2011
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In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 6:1, s. e16267-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The function of chronic brain machine interfaces depends on stable electrical contact between neurons and electrodes. A key step in the development of interfaces is therefore to identify implant configurations that minimize adverse long-term tissue reactions. To this end, we here characterized the separate and combined effects of implant size and fixation mode at 6 and 12 weeks post implantation in rat (n = 24) cerebral cortex. Neurons and activated microglia and astrocytes were visualized using NeuN, ED1 and GFAP immunofluorescence microscopy, respectively. The contributions of individual experimental variables to the tissue response were quantified. Implants tethered to the skull caused larger tissue reactions than un-tethered implants. Small diameter (50 mu m) implants elicited smaller tissue reactions and resulted in the survival of larger numbers of neurons than did large diameter (200 mu m) implants. In addition, tethering resulted in an oval-shaped cavity, with a cross-section area larger than that of the implant itself, and in marked changes in morphology and organization of neurons in the region closest to the tissue interface. Most importantly, for implants that were both large diameter and tethered, glia activation was still ongoing 12 weeks after implantation, as indicated by an increase in GFAP staining between week 6 and 12, while this pattern was not observed for un-tethered, small diameter implants. Our findings therefore clearly indicate that the combined small diameter, un-tethered implants cause the smallest tissue reactions.
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| 29. |
- Thelin, Jonas, et al.
(author)
-
Implant size and fixation mode strongly influence tissue reactions in the CNS.
- 2011
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In: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 6:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The function of chronic brain machine interfaces depends on stable electrical contact between neurons and electrodes. A key step in the development of interfaces is therefore to identify implant configurations that minimize adverse long-term tissue reactions. To this end, we here characterized the separate and combined effects of implant size and fixation mode at 6 and 12 weeks post implantation in rat (n = 24) cerebral cortex. Neurons and activated microglia and astrocytes were visualized using NeuN, ED1 and GFAP immunofluorescence microscopy, respectively. The contributions of individual experimental variables to the tissue response were quantified. Implants tethered to the skull caused larger tissue reactions than un-tethered implants. Small diameter (50 µm) implants elicited smaller tissue reactions and resulted in the survival of larger numbers of neurons than did large diameter (200 µm) implants. In addition, tethering resulted in an oval-shaped cavity, with a cross-section area larger than that of the implant itself, and in marked changes in morphology and organization of neurons in the region closest to the tissue interface. Most importantly, for implants that were both large diameter and tethered, glia activation was still ongoing 12 weeks after implantation, as indicated by an increase in GFAP staining between week 6 and 12, while this pattern was not observed for un-tethered, small diameter implants. Our findings therefore clearly indicate that the combined small diameter, un-tethered implants cause the smallest tissue reactions.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Thelin, Nils B.
(author)
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L’ aspect, le temps et la taxis en français contemporain : Vers une sémantique de la perspective temporelle
- 2016
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Cette étude a pour but de présenter une approche de la grammaire temporelle du français basée sur une conception vraiment perspectivique de la temporalité. À la différence de la sémantique d’intervalles, prédominant dans la recherche temporelle internationale, la recherche française incluse, la Théorie Perspectivique de la Temporalité (la TPT) part du fondement perceptuo-sensoriel et cognitivo-pragmatique des concepts humains d’espace et de mouvement. De ceux-ci la TPT dérive par un processus métaphorique la temporalité en tant qu’instrument de perspectivation. Sous forme des catégories d’aspect, de temps et – dorénavant – de taxis, la temporalité exerce l’analyse perspectivique sur les objets : les événements et les situations. Au contraire de la confusion répandue caractérisant l’analyse traditionnelle, la TPT offre une distinction claire entre la temporalité en tant que sémantique perspectivique d’un côté, et l’idiosyncrasie du verbe en tant que sémantique actionnelle (Aktionsarten, ʽmodes d’action’) de l’autre. Épistémologiquement, l’approche de la TPT se base sur une conception fondamentalement déductive de la théorisation et regarde la méthode inductive et classificatrice seulement comme signe d’un stade d’analyse initial et transitoire. L’approche monosémiste absolue de la temporalité, en focalisant exclusivement la stratégie par défaut de décodage, ignore cette distinction. Par contre, l’approche polysémiste, préconisée ici, tient compte également des processus primaires d’encodage. De plus, elle reflète d’une manière naturelle le fait que les expressions linguistiques sont restreintes par la loi de l’économie. À côté de l’aspect et du temps, la TPT présente, pour la première fois, des arguments pour intégrer dans la grammaire du français, en tant que catégorie particulière dans le système hiérachico-processuellement unifié de distinctions temporelles, la perspective de taxis, responsable de l’ordre séquentiel.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Thelin, Nils B.
(author)
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On the Nature of Time : A Biopragmatic Perspective on Language, Thought, and Reality
- 2014. - 400
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This book is a synthesis of more than three decades of research into the concept of time and its semiotic nature. If traditional philosophy – and philosophy of time should be no exception – in the shadow of advancing biology can be said to have reached an impasse, one important reason for this, in harmony with Wittgenstein’s vision, appears to have been its lack of appropriate tools for explicating language. The present theory of time proceeds, accordingly, from the exploration of temporal expressions in language as an evolutionary fact. It derives in a hypothetical, coherent feedback process of hierarchically ordered distinctions the semantics of time from its biologically dictated perceptual and cognitive-pragmatic origins.The corresponding abductive-regulative model is anchored in the assumption of biological rhythmization as the very foundation of perception and mental/physical action. Understood to originate in space and spatial perspective, time reveals itself as an instrument for temporal perspective on motion (events and situations) in a process of analysis, i.e., discontinuation of chaos made divisible and continuous by the rhythmical screen. Whereas traditional philosophy of time paid attention almost exclusively to the temporal category of tense, the biopragmatic model sees strong evidence in the perspectival nature of time for ascribing the decisive, and probably universal, role in temporal analysis to the linguistic category of aspect.Aspect may, according to the present findings, be assumed to partake already of change-of-state and cause-effect analysis without which man’s adaptation to new situations – and precondition for survival – would be inconceivable. The proposed model of space/time cognition, inspired by Hegelian dialectics, Heidegger-Gadamer’s hermeneutic circle and Peircean logic, makes Kantian a priori superfluous and liberates time from its enigmatic appearance.For the first time in temporal studies it thus appears possible to derive hypothetically linguistic expressions of time all the way from pretemporal, homogeneous continuity effected by biological rhythmization, via pretemporal metonymic (Gestalt), chunk-wise partitioning – as a general precondition for the perception and, based on primary metaphorization, the cognition of things, space and motion – to temporal analysis/discontinuation proper, primarily by aspectual perspective, and the subsequent synthesized, heterogeneous continuity of temporally ordered events. The conception of time, so disastrous for modern temporal logic, i.e., as moving object assigned extension, divisible continuity (‛linearity’) and direction, can be shown to have emerged as a result of secondary metaphorization.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Özel, Faith, et al.
(author)
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Exploring gender dysphoria and related outcomes in a prospective cohort study: protocol for the Swedish Gender Dysphoria Study (SKDS)
- 2023
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In: Bmj Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 13:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction There has been a drastic increase in the reported number of people seeking help for gender dysphoria in many countries over the last two decades. Yet, our knowledge of gender dysphoria and related outcomes is restricted due to the lack of high-quality studies employing comprehensive approaches. This longitudinal study aims to enhance our knowledge of gender dysphoria; different aspects will be scrutinised, focusing primarily on the psychosocial and mental health outcomes, prognostic markers and, secondarily, on the underlying mechanisms for its origin. Methods and analysis The Swedish Gender Dysphoria Study is an ongoing multicentre longitudinal cohort study with 501 registered participants with gender dysphoria who are 15 years old or older. Participants at different phases of their clinical evaluation process can enter the study, and the expected follow-up duration is three years. The study also includes a comparison group of 458 age- and county-matched individuals without gender dysphoria. Data on the core outcomes of the study, which are gender incongruence and experienced gender dysphoria, body satisfaction and satisfaction with gender-affirming treatments, as well as other relevant outcomes, including mental health, social functioning and life satisfaction, are collected via web surveys. Two different research visits, before and after starting on gender-affirming hormonal treatment (if applicable), are planned to collect respective biological and cognitive measures. Data analysis will be performed using appropriate biostatistical methods. A power analysis showed that the current sample size is big enough to analyse continuous and categorical outcomes, and participant recruitment will continue until December 2022. Ethics and dissemination The ethical permission for this study was obtained from the Local Ethical Review Board in Uppsala, Sweden. Results of the study will be presented at national and international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals. Dissemination will also be implemented through the Swedish Gender Dysphoria Study network in Sweden.
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