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- 2019
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 6. |
- Yu, Haiyang, et al.
(author)
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Association between Parkinson’s Disease and Diabetes Mellitus : From Epidemiology, Pathophysiology and Prevention to Treatment
- 2022
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In: Aging and Disease. - 2152-5250. ; 13:6, s. 1591-1605
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are both age-related diseases of global concern being among the most common chronic metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases, respectively. While both diseases can be genetically inherited, environmental factors play a vital role in their pathogenesis. Moreover, DM and PD have common underlying molecular mechanisms, such as misfolded protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and microbial dysbiosis. Recently, epidemiological and experimental studies have reported that DM affects the incidence and progression of PD. Moreover, certain antidiabetic drugs have been proven to decrease the risk of PD and delay its progression. In this review, we elucidate the epidemiological and pathophysiological association between DM and PD and summarize the antidiabetic drugs used in animal models and clinical trials of PD, which may provide reference for the clinical translation of antidiabetic drugs in PD treatment.
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| 9. |
- Chang, Li, et al.
(author)
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Recent progress in research on PM2.5 in subways.
- 2021
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In: Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7887 .- 2050-7895. ; 23:5, s. 642-663
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nowadays, PM2.5 concentrations greatly influence indoor air quality in subways and threaten passenger and staff health because PM2.5 not only contains heavy metal elements, but can also carry toxic and harmful substances due to its small size and large specific surface area. Exploring the physicochemical and distribution characteristics of PM2.5 in subways is necessary to limit its concentration and remove it. At present, there are numerous studies on PM2.5 in subways around the world, yet, there is no comprehensive and well-organized review available on this topic. This paper reviews the nearly twenty years of research and over 130 published studies on PM2.5 in subway stations, including aspects such as concentration levels and their influencing factors, physicochemical properties, sources, impacts on health, and mitigation measures. Although many determinants of station PM2.5 concentration have been reported in current studies, e.g., the season, outdoor environment, and station depth, their relative influence is uncertain. The sources of subway PM2.5 include those from the exterior (e.g., road traffic and fuel oil) and the interior (e.g., steel wheels and rails and metallic brake pads), but the proportion of these sources is also unknown. Control strategies of PM mainly include adequate ventilation and filtration, but these measures are often inefficient in removing PM2.5. The impacts of PM2.5 from subways on human health are still poorly understood. Further research should focus on long-term data collection, influencing factors, the mechanism of health impacts, and PM2.5 standards or regulations.
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| 10. |
- Fu, Jianxin, et al.
(author)
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Loss of intestinal core 1-derived O-glycans causes spontaneous colitis in mice.
- 2011
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In: The Journal of clinical investigation. - 1558-8238. ; 121:4, s. 1657-66
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mucin-type O-linked oligosaccharides (O-glycans) are primary components of the intestinal mucins that form the mucus gel layer overlying the gut epithelium. Impaired expression of intestinal O-glycans has been observed in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), but its role in the etiology of this disease is unknown. Here, we report that mice with intestinal epithelial cell-specific deficiency of core 1-derived O-glycans, the predominant form of O-glycans, developed spontaneous colitis that resembled human UC, including massive myeloid infiltrates and crypt abscesses. The colitis manifested in these mice was also characterized by TNF-producing myeloid infiltrates in colon mucosa in the absence of lymphocytes, supporting an essential role for myeloid cells in colitis initiation. Furthermore, induced deletion of intestinal core 1-derived O-glycans caused spontaneous colitis in adult mice. These data indicate a causal role for the loss of core 1-derived O-glycans in colitis. Finally, we detected a biosynthetic intermediate typically exposed in the absence of core 1 O-glycan, Tn antigen, in the colon epithelium of a subset of UC patients. Somatic mutations in the X-linked gene that encodes core 1 β1,3-galactosyltransferase-specific chaperone 1 (C1GALT1C1, also known as Cosmc), which is essential for core 1 O-glycosylation, were found in Tn-positive epithelia. These data suggest what we believe to be a new molecular mechanism for the pathogenesis of UC.
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| 11. |
- Hoffmann, Thomas J, et al.
(author)
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Genome-wide association study of prostate-specific antigen levels in 392,522 men identifies new loci and improves cross-ancestry prediction
- 2023
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- We conducted a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in 296,754 men (211,342 European ancestry; 58,236 African ancestry; 23,546 Hispanic/Latino; 3,630 Asian ancestry; 96.5% of participants were from the Million Veteran Program). We identified 318 independent genome-wide significant (p≤5e-8) variants, 184 of which were novel. Most demonstrated evidence of replication in an independent cohort (n=95,768). Meta-analyzing discovery and replication (n=392,522) identified 447 variants, of which a further 111 were novel. Out-of-sample variance in PSA explained by our new polygenic risk score reached 16.9% (95% CI=16.1%-17.8%) in European ancestry, 9.5% (95% CI=7.0%-12.2%) in African ancestry, 18.6% (95% CI=15.8%-21.4%) in Hispanic/Latino, and 15.3% (95% CI=12.7%-18.1%) in Asian ancestry, and lower for higher age. Our study highlights how including proportionally more participants from underrepresented populations improves genetic prediction of PSA levels, with potential to personalize prostate cancer screening.
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| 12. |
- Ji, Xue-Ping, et al.
(author)
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Tapirus yunnanensis from Shuitangba, a terminal Miocenehominoid site in Zhaotong, Yunnan Province of China
- 2015
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In: Vertebrata Palasiatica. ; 53:3, s. 177-192
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The fossil tapirid records of Late Miocene and Early Pliocene were quite poor in Chinaas before known. The recent excavations of the terminal Miocene hominoid site (between 6 and6.5 Ma) at Shuitangba site, Zhaotong in Yunnan Province resulted in the discovery of rich tapirfossils, which include left maxilla with P2-M2 and mandibles with complete lower dentitions.The new fossil materials can be referred to Tapirus yunnanensis, which represents a quite small species of the genus Tapirus. But T. yunnanensis is slightly larger than another Late Miocenespecies T. hezhengensis from Gansu, northwest China, both of which are remarkably smallerthan the Plio-Pleistocene Tapirus species in China. The new fossils provided more information todefine the species T. yunnanensis more precisely. Yunnan can be regarded as one of the centers oftapir evolution during the Mid-Late Miocene period, as quite a number of Mid-Late Miocene tapirfossils have been recovered in several localities of Yunnan, which include Xiaolongtan, Yuanmou,Lufeng, Zhaotong and others. Based on the measurements of tooth size, the late Cenozoic tapirswere generally getting larger gradually through time in China, which means the tooth sizescoincide well with their geological ages, the later the larger, and all the Mid-Late Miocene tapirsare exclusively small-sized; thus, the tooth size of fossil tapirs in China is likely to have somesignificance in age estimation. By contrary, both the dwarf and the normal-sized or larger-sizedtapirs were discovered from Mid-Late Miocene strata in Europe and North America.
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| 13. |
- Kundrát, Martin, et al.
(author)
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New Tooth of Peking Man Recognized in Laboratory at Uppsala University
- 2015
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In: Acta Anthropologica Sinica. - 1000-3193. ; 34:1, s. 131-136
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Peking Man, originally named Sinanthropus pekinensis and now known as Homoerectus pekinensis, was among the best documented extinct hominids before the catastrophic lossof almost all the material in 1941. The only diagnostic specimens to survive from the originalexcavations are some teeth in the paleontological collections of Uppsala University, Sweden(PMU). Here we report on the discovery of a new tooth in the PMU collection with notes on thehistory of the three previously known teeth. Together they represent the first four specimens ofPeking Man ever collected.
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| 14. |
- Lin, De-Chen, et al.
(author)
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Adaptor protein Lnk binds to and inhibits normal and leukemic FLT3
- 2012
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In: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 1528-0020 .- 0006-4971. ; 120:16, s. 3310-3317
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is a receptor tyrosine kinase with important roles in hematopoietic progenitor cell survival and proliferation. It is mutated in approximately one-third of AML patients, mostly by internal tandem duplications (ITDs). Adaptor protein Lnk is a negative regulator of hematopoietic cytokine signaling. In the present study, we show that Lnk interacts physically with both wildtype FLT3 (FLT3-WT) and FLT3-ITD through the SH2 domains. We have identified the tyrosine residues 572, 591, and 919 of FLT3 as phosphorylation sites involved in direct binding to Lnk. Lnk itself was tyrosine phosphorylated by both FLT3 ligand (FL)-activated FLT3-WT and constitutively activated FLT3-ITD. Both shRNA-mediated depletion and forced overexpression of Lnk demonstrated that activation signals emanating from both forms of FLT3 are under negative regulation by Lnk. Moreover, Lnk inhibited 32D cell proliferation driven by different FLT3 variants. Analysis of primary BM cells from Lnk-knockout mice showed that Lnk suppresses the expansion of FL-stimulated hematopoietic progenitors, including lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitors. The results of the present study show that through direct binding to FLT3, Lnk suppresses FLT3-WT/ITD-dependent signaling pathways involved in the proliferation of hematopoietic cells. Therefore, modulation of Lnk expression levels may provide a unique therapeutic approach for FLT3-ITD-associated hematopoietic disease. (Blood. 2012;120(16):3310-3317)
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| 15. |
- Lin, Yu Jung, et al.
(author)
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Novel materials for Cr(VI)adsorption by magnetic titanium nanotubes coated phosphorene
- 2019
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In: Journal of Molecular Liquids. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-7322. ; 287
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The accumulation of Cr(VI)will cause mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on humans. Therefore, the standard regulations have been governed by the EPA to control the chromium content in the effluent and drinking water and have made it mandatory [1]. For the better recovery of the adsorbent; Magnetic nano particle based phosphorene titanium nano tubes were used for the first time in action which has been proven to be superior for the Chormium pollutants. MNP-PN-TNT (Magnetic nanoparticle-Phosphorene-Titanium nano tubes)was synthesized from hydrothermal method in this study. The prepared material is used for effective removal of Cr(VI)from the water by adsorption technique in acidic environment. The adsorption capacity was found to be 35 mg g −1 at the initial concentration of 50 mg L −1 maintainingthe temperature under 45 °C. The optimal operation condition is under pH 9, temperature of 25 °C, and dosage of 0.8 g L −1 obtained from RSM (Response Surface Methdology). The adsorption process of MNP-PN-TNT is conformed with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Cr(VI)adsorption behavior with MNP-PN-TNT, is spontaneous from the results of thermodynamics analysis. The adsorption mechanism of Cr(VI)with MNP-PN-TNT was evident by O1s, C1s, Cr 2p, Ti 2p, Fe 2p and P 2p of XPS. Cr(VI)is adsorbed with MNP-PN-TNT, in randomness during the adsorption process.
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| 16. |
- Reitsma, Marissa B., et al.
(author)
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Smoking prevalence and attributable disease burden in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2015 : a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
- 2017
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In: The Lancet. - : Elsevier. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 389:10082, s. 1885-1906
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background The scale-up of tobacco control, especially after the adoption of the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control, is a major public health success story. Nonetheless, smoking remains a leading risk for early death and disability worldwide, and therefore continues to require sustained political commitment. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) offers a robust platform through which global, regional, and national progress toward achieving smoking-related targets can be assessed. Methods We synthesised 2818 data sources with spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression and produced estimates of daily smoking prevalence by sex, age group, and year for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015. We analysed 38 risk-outcome pairs to generate estimates of smoking-attributable mortality and disease burden, as measured by disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). We then performed a cohort analysis of smoking prevalence by birth-year cohort to better understand temporal age patterns in smoking. We also did a decomposition analysis, in which we parsed out changes in all-cause smoking-attributable DALYs due to changes in population growth, population ageing, smoking prevalence, and risk-deleted DALY rates. Finally, we explored results by level of development using the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Findings Worldwide, the age-standardised prevalence of daily smoking was 25.0% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 24.2-25.7) for men and 5.4% (5.1-5.7) for women, representing 28.4% (25.8-31.1) and 34.4% (29.4-38.6) reductions, respectively, since 1990. A greater percentage of countries and territories achieved significant annualised rates of decline in smoking prevalence from 1990 to 2005 than in between 2005 and 2015; however, only four countries had significant annualised increases in smoking prevalence between 2005 and 2015 (Congo [Brazzaville] and Azerbaijan for men and Kuwait and Timor-Leste for women). In 2015, 11.5% of global deaths (6.4 million [95% UI 5.7-7.0 million]) were attributable to smoking worldwide, of which 52.2% took place in four countries (China, India, the USA, and Russia). Smoking was ranked among the five leading risk factors by DALYs in 109 countries and territories in 2015, rising from 88 geographies in 1990. In terms of birth cohorts, male smoking prevalence followed similar age patterns across levels of SDI, whereas much more heterogeneity was found in age patterns for female smokers by level of development. While smoking prevalence and risk-deleted DALY rates mostly decreased by sex and SDI quintile, population growth, population ageing, or a combination of both, drove rises in overall smoking-attributable DALYs in low-SDI to middle-SDI geographies between 2005 and 2015. Interpretation The pace of progress in reducing smoking prevalence has been heterogeneous across geographies, development status, and sex, and as highlighted by more recent trends, maintaining past rates of decline should not be taken for granted, especially in women and in low-SDI to middle-SDI countries. Beyond the effect of the tobacco industry and societal mores, a crucial challenge facing tobacco control initiatives is that demographic forces are poised to heighten smoking's global toll, unless progress in preventing initiation and promoting cessation can be substantially accelerated. Greater success in tobacco control is possible but requires effective, comprehensive, and adequately implemented and enforced policies, which might in turn require global and national levels of political commitment beyond what has been achieved during the past 25 years.
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| 17. |
- Tong, M., et al.
(author)
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An integrated framework for multi-scale multi-physics numerical modelling of interface evolution in welding
- 2012
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In: IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng..
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The project Modelling of Interface evolution in advanced Welding (MIntWeld) is a 4-year international research project funded by the European Commission under their FP7 programme. Its main target is to develop a numerical toolbox which can be used to predict the evolution of interfaces during welding. There are various interfaces involving multiple phenomena and different spatial scales, which can be simulated using corresponding numerical modelling methods respectively. The modelling methods include quantum dynamics, molecular dynamics, phase field, phase field crystal, computational fluid dynamics, phase transformation and heat transfer, thermodynamics, continuum mechanics and life and defects prediction. Although each modelling method is based on different physical theories and involves different scales, they are not isolated. Therefore, this project aims to design a common framework which couples each model with the upstream and/or downstream model at the relevant neighbouring length scales. The data exchange framework which underpins the coupling of the models is described, and typical examples addressing the solution to the challenges faced, such as those of data interpolation between one discretisation of the computational domain and another, are discussed. Initial successes from the model-linking efforts of the authors are also presented.
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| 18. |
- Wang, Cheng-Xiang, et al.
(author)
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On the Road to 6G: Visions, Requirements, Key Technologies, and Testbeds
- 2023
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In: IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 1553-877X. ; 25:2, s. 905-974
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems have entered the stage of commercial deployment, providing users with new services, improved user experiences as well as a host of novel opportunities to various industries. However, 5G still faces many challenges. To address these challenges, international industrial, academic, and standards organizations have commenced research on sixth generation (6G) wireless communication systems. A series of white papers and survey papers have been published, which aim to define 6G in terms of requirements, application scenarios, key technologies, etc. Although ITU-R has been working on the 6G vision and it is expected to reach a consensus on what 6G will be by mid-2023, the related global discussions are still wide open and the existing literature has identified numerous open issues. This paper first provides a comprehensive portrayal of the 6G vision, technical requirements, and application scenarios, covering the current common understanding of 6G. Then, a critical appraisal of the 6G network architecture and key technologies is presented. Furthermore, existing testbeds and advanced 6G verification platforms are detailed for the first time. In addition, future research directions and open challenges are identified to stimulate the on-going global debate. Finally, lessons learned to date concerning 6G networks are discussed.
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| 19. |
- Wang, Yi-Tong, et al.
(author)
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Direct production of biodiesel via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of renewable oils using calcined blast furnace dust
- 2021
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In: Renewable energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-1481 .- 1879-0682. ; 175, s. 1001-1011
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Direct production of biodiesel by both esterification and transesterification of renewable oils with acid value (AV) of 9.6-28.9 mg KOH/g using calcined blast furnace dust is studied. Blast furnace dust calcined at 600-700 degrees C obviously promotes efficient biodiesel production because of the crystal form transformation from lead sulfate particles in dust into active lead oxide, lead sulfide, and lead particles. It is found for the first time that lead oxide, lead sulfide and lead particles can resist saponification from fatty acids to catalyze raw renewable oils to biodiesel with catalytic activity order as follows: lead oxide > lead > lead sulfide > lead sulfate. Biodiesel production process is optimized according to an orthogonal design with biodiesel yield of 92 wt% obtained at AV of 9.6 mg KOH/g (82 wt% after 5 cycles). Biodiesel yield of 84 wt% is achieved at AV of 28.9 mg KOH/g with acidity of 0.18 mmol/g. Calcined blast furnace dust presents potential applications in the production of biodiesel from renewable oils with high AVs.
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| 20. |
- Wen, Bo, et al.
(author)
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Comparison for the effects of different components of temperature variability on mortality : A multi-country time-series study
- 2024
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In: Environment International. - : Elsevier. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 187
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Temperature variability (TV) is associated with increased mortality risk. However, it is still unknown whether intra-day or inter-day TV has different effects. Objectives: We aimed to assess the association of intra-day TV and inter-day TV with all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality.Methods: We collected data on total, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality and meteorology from 758 locations in 47 countries or regions from 1972 to 2020. We defined inter-day TV as the standard deviation (SD) of daily mean temperatures across the lag interval, and intra-day TV as the average SD of minimum and maximum temperatures on each day. In the first stage, inter-day and intra-day TVs were modelled simultaneously in the quasi-Poisson time-series model for each location. In the second stage, a multi-level analysis was used to pool the location-specific estimates.Results: Overall, the mortality risk due to each interquartile range [IQR] increase was higher for intra-day TV than for inter-day TV. The risk increased by 0.59% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.53, 0.65) for all-cause mortality, 0.64% (95% CI: 0.56, 0.73) for cardiovascular mortality, and 0.65% (95% CI: 0.49, 0.80) for respiratory mortality per IQR increase in intra-day TV0–7 (0.9 °C). An IQR increase in inter-day TV0–7 (1.6 °C) was associated with 0.22% (95% CI: 0.18, 0.26) increase in all-cause mortality, 0.44% (95% CI: 0.37, 0.50) increase in cardiovascular mortality, and 0.31% (95% CI: 0.21, 0.41) increase in respiratory mortality. The proportion of all-cause deaths attributable to intra-day TV0–7 and inter-day TV0–7 was 1.45% and 0.35%, respectively. The mortality risks varied by lag interval, climate area, season, and climate type.Conclusions: Our results indicated that intra-day TV may explain the main part of the mortality risk related to TV and suggested that comprehensive evaluations should be proposed in more countries to help protect human health.
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| 21. |
- Wen, Rongjia, et al.
(author)
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Effects of temperature on ion transport in C–A–S–H gel nanopores: insights from molecular dynamics simulations
- 2022
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In: Journal of Materials Science. - : Springer Nature. - 0022-2461 .- 1573-4803. ; 57:39, s. 18437-18455
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the effects of temperature on the transport of chloride and sulfate in the nanopores of aluminum-doped cement-based materials (i.e., CASH gels) exposed to aqueous solutions of NaCl and Na2SO4 at 283, 293, 303, 333, and 363 K. It is shown that high temperatures increase the initial transport rates of water molecules and ions while weakening the hydration layer around ions. This increases the probability of ion–ion and ion–substrate contact and thus makes ions more likely to cluster in solution and be captured by the substrate. Both cluster formation and substrate capture can significantly restrict the free movement of ions in solution and thus gradually reduce the ion transport rate. In addition, since sulfate ions have four oxygen atoms that can capture other ions, large ion clusters form more readily in Na2SO4 solution than in NaCl solution. The capture of these large ion clusters at the interface can cause a “necking” phenomenon that hinders the subsequent transport of water molecules and ions into the nanopore. These results provide a nanoscale basis for designing aluminum-doped cement-based materials with enhanced durability at high temperatures.
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| 22. |
- Wen, Rongjia, et al.
(author)
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Molecular dynamics study on coupled ion transport in aluminium-doped cement-based materials: Effect of concentration
- 2023
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In: Advances in Cement Research. - : ICE Publishing. - 0951-7197 .- 1751-7605. ; 35:2, s. 81-95
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The mutual inhibition effect of transport of sulphate and chloride in concrete specimen was determined in a macroscopic experiment. Higher concentration of sulphate has a better inhibition effect on chloride transport and the opposite is also true. In this paper, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was performed to explore the effect of concentration (0, 0.5, 1.0 mol/L) on the transport of mixed solutions (NaCl and Na2SO4) in the main hydration products of aluminium-doped cement-based materials (i.e., calcium-aluminium-silicate-hydrate (C-A-S-H) gel). Sulphate was found to promote the aggregation of other ions to form ion clusters, which can reduce the effective width of the channel entrance and create a “necking” effect, thus reducing the overall transport rate of the solution. With the increase of NaCl concentration, sulphate ions in the mixed solution can adsorb more Na+ and Cl+ ions, and then form larger ion clusters to block the nanopores. Moreover, with increasing Na2SO4 concentration, higher amount of sulphate ions existing in the solution makes it possible to form more ion clusters. The results can provide a reasonable nanoscale explanation for macroscopic experiment.
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| 23. |
- Wen, Yuming, et al.
(author)
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Magnetic bio-activated carbons production using different process parameters for phosphorus removal from artificially prepared phosphorus-rich and domestic wastewater
- 2021
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In: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 271
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A series of magnetic bio-activated carbon (MBAC) has been produced from lignin and ferrous salts following to the process including impregnation, carbonization, and steam activation. The influence of the impregnation methods and the steam flow rate on the quality and the maximum phosphorus adsorption capacity of the produced MBACs has been investigated. The phosphorus adsorption performance in real domestic wastewater of the MBAC with the highest maximum phosphorus adsorption capacity has been investigated. The results show that all of the produced MBACs have a relatively rich porous structure, and all surface iron species exist as magnetite (Fe3O4). Compared with the MBACs that are produced via the dry impregnation method using a lower steam flow rate, the MBACs that are produced via the wet impregnation method using a higher steam flow rate are believed to have a higher iron content and better iron species dispersion. The highest maximum phosphorus adsorption capacity of all the produced MBACs is estimated to be as high as 69.80 mg-P/g according to the best-fitting Langmuir model. The MBAC that shows the highest maximum phosphorus adsorption capacity could also remove 84.65% and 96.97% of the total phosphorus from the filtered raw domestic wastewater (FRDW) and treated domestic wastewater (TDW), respectively, which indicates a good potential for using MBACs for domestic wastewater treatment.
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| 24. |
- Wu, Yao, et al.
(author)
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Fluctuating temperature modifies heat-mortality association around the globe
- 2022
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In: The Innovation. - : Cell Press. - 2666-6758. ; 3:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Studies have investigated the effects of heat and temperature variability (TV) on mortality. However, few assessed whether TV modifies the heat-mortality association. Data on daily temperature and mortality in the warm season were collected from 717 locations across 36 countries. TV was calculated as the standard deviation of the average of the same and previous days’ minimum and maximum temperatures. We used location-specific quasi-Poisson regression models with an interaction term between the cross-basis term for mean temperature and quartiles of TV to obtain heat-mortality associations under each quartile of TV, and then pooled estimates at the country, regional, and global levels. Results show the increased risk in heat-related mortality with increments in TV, accounting for 0.70% (95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.33 to 1.69), 1.34% (95% CI: −0.14 to 2.73), 1.99% (95% CI: 0.29–3.57), and 2.73% (95% CI: 0.76–4.50) of total deaths for Q1–Q4 (first quartile–fourth quartile) of TV. The modification effects of TV varied geographically. Central Europe had the highest attributable fractions (AFs), corresponding to 7.68% (95% CI: 5.25–9.89) of total deaths for Q4 of TV, while the lowest AFs were observed in North America, with the values for Q4 of 1.74% (95% CI: −0.09 to 3.39). TV had a significant modification effect on the heat-mortality association, causing a higher heat-related mortality burden with increments of TV. Implementing targeted strategies against heat exposure and fluctuant temperatures simultaneously would benefit public health.
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| 25. |
- Wu, Yao, et al.
(author)
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Global, regional, and national burden of mortality associated with short-term temperature variability from 2000–19 : a three-stage modelling study
- 2022
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In: The Lancet Planetary Health. - : Elsevier. - 2542-5196. ; 6:5, s. e410-e421
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Increased mortality risk is associated with short-term temperature variability. However, to our knowledge, there has been no comprehensive assessment of the temperature variability-related mortality burden worldwide. In this study, using data from the MCC Collaborative Research Network, we first explored the association between temperature variability and mortality across 43 countries or regions. Then, to provide a more comprehensive picture of the global burden of mortality associated with temperature variability, global gridded temperature data with a resolution of 0·5° × 0·5° were used to assess the temperature variability-related mortality burden at the global, regional, and national levels. Furthermore, temporal trends in temperature variability-related mortality burden were also explored from 2000–19.Methods: In this modelling study, we applied a three-stage meta-analytical approach to assess the global temperature variability-related mortality burden at a spatial resolution of 0·5° × 0·5° from 2000–19. Temperature variability was calculated as the SD of the average of the same and previous days’ minimum and maximum temperatures. We first obtained location-specific temperature variability related-mortality associations based on a daily time series of 750 locations from the Multi-country Multi-city Collaborative Research Network. We subsequently constructed a multivariable meta-regression model with five predictors to estimate grid-specific temperature variability related-mortality associations across the globe. Finally, percentage excess in mortality and excess mortality rate were calculated to quantify the temperature variability-related mortality burden and to further explore its temporal trend over two decades.Findings: An increasing trend in temperature variability was identified at the global level from 2000 to 2019. Globally, 1 753 392 deaths (95% CI 1 159 901–2 357 718) were associated with temperature variability per year, accounting for 3·4% (2·2–4·6) of all deaths. Most of Asia, Australia, and New Zealand were observed to have a higher percentage excess in mortality than the global mean. Globally, the percentage excess in mortality increased by about 4·6% (3·7–5·3) per decade. The largest increase occurred in Australia and New Zealand (7·3%, 95% CI 4·3–10·4), followed by Europe (4·4%, 2·2–5·6) and Africa (3·3, 1·9–4·6).Interpretation: Globally, a substantial mortality burden was associated with temperature variability, showing geographical heterogeneity and a slightly increasing temporal trend. Our findings could assist in raising public awareness and improving the understanding of the health impacts of temperature variability. Funding: Australian Research Council, Australian National Health & Medical Research Council.
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| 26. |
- Xue, Shou Ye, et al.
(author)
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Changes in different land cover areas and NDVI values in northern latitudes from 1982 to 2015
- 2021
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In: Advances in Climate Change Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1674-9278. ; 12:4, s. 456-465
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Climate warming leads to vast changes in the land cover types and plant biomass in the northern high-latitude regions. The overall trend is of shrubland and tree lines moving northwards, while changes in different land cover types and vegetation growth in response to climate change are largely unknown. Here, we selected land areas with latitudes higher than 50°N as the study area. We compared the land cover type changes and explored relationships between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values of different land cover types, air temperature, and precipitation during 1982–2015 based on dynamic grid. The results indicated that forest and shrubland areas increased as a large area of grassland shifted to forest and shrubland. The snow/ice, tundra and grassland largely have decreased from 1982 to 2015. Although approximately 277.3 × 103 km2 of barren land (6.2% of the total barren land area in 1982) changed to tundra, the tundra area still decreased because some tundra shifted to forest and grassland. The NDVI values of tundra significantly increased, but the shrubland showed a decreasing trend. Temperature in the growing season (June to September) showed the largest positive correlation coefficients with the NDVI values of forest, tundra, grassland, and cropland. However, due to shrubification processes and plant mortality in shrubland areas, the shrubland NDVI showed negative relationship with annual temperature but positively correlated with monthly t. Taken together, although there is large room for improvement of the land cover type data accuracy, our results suggested that the land cover types in high-latitude regions changed significantly, while the NDVI values of the different land cover types showed different responses to climate change.
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| 27. |
- You, Xiaohu, et al.
(author)
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Towards 6G wireless communication networks: vision, enabling technologies, and new paradigm shifts
- 2021
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In: Science China Information Sciences. - : Science Press. - 1674-733X .- 1869-1919. ; 64:1
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The fifth generation (5G) wireless communication networks are being deployed worldwide from 2020 and more capabilities are in the process of being standardized, such as mass connectivity, ultra-reliability, and guaranteed low latency. However, 5G will not meet all requirements of the future in 2030 and beyond, and sixth generation (6G) wireless communication networks are expected to provide global coverage, enhanced spectral/energy/cost efficiency, better intelligence level and security, etc. To meet these requirements, 6G networks will rely on new enabling technologies, i.e., air interface and transmission technologies and novel network architecture, such as waveform design, multiple access, channel coding schemes, multi-antenna technologies, network slicing, cell-free architecture, and cloud/fog/edge computing. Our vision on 6G is that it will have four new paradigm shifts. First, to satisfy the requirement of global coverage, 6G will not be limited to terrestrial communication networks, which will need to be complemented with non-terrestrial networks such as satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication networks, thus achieving a space-air-ground-sea integrated communication network. Second, all spectra will be fully explored to further increase data rates and connection density, including the sub-6 GHz, millimeter wave (mmWave), terahertz (THz), and optical frequency bands. Third, facing the big datasets generated by the use of extremely heterogeneous networks, diverse communication scenarios, large numbers of antennas, wide bandwidths, and new service requirements, 6G networks will enable a new range of smart applications with the aid of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data technologies. Fourth, network security will have to be strengthened when developing 6G networks. This article provides a comprehensive survey of recent advances and future trends in these four aspects. Clearly, 6G with additional technical requirements beyond those of 5G will enable faster and further communications to the extent that the boundary between physical and cyber worlds disappears.
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| 28. |
- Yu, Qian, et al.
(author)
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Assessing the unsaturated transport and adsorption properties of ions in nanopores of realistic hydrated-calcium-silicate gel using molecular dynamics simulations
- 2023
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In: Computational materials science. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0927-0256 .- 1879-0801. ; 222
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The unsaturated transport of water and ions in concrete structures accelerates the corrosion of reinforcing steel bars. Unfortunately, previous macroscopic and microscopic experimental studies have provided little clarity on the transport mechanisms of ions in calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) gels. This paper presents molecular dynamics simulations performed to investigate the effect of ion species and concentration during unsaturated transport processes. The transport rate of NaCl solutions at any given concentration significantly exceeds that of CaCl2 solutions because of desorption of intralayer calcium ions in the substrate. Additionally, the electric double layer effect of the realistic C-S-H gel substrate is more pronounced in NaCl solution than in CaCl2 solution and becomes stronger as the concentration increases in both cases. These insights into the effects of ion species and concentration on unsaturated ion transport and adsorption in realistic C-S-H gel nanopores will help guide the development of cement-based materials with improved corrosion resistance.
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| 29. |
- Yuan, Lei, et al.
(author)
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The adsorption of two organic inhibitors on stainless steel passive film: A reactive force field study
- 2023
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In: Applied Surface Science. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 607
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to investigate the adsorption of water and the organic corrosion inhibitors vitamin C (VC) and 2-vinylsuccinic acid (VSA) on Cr2O3 (0 0 1) surface. Adsorption of the inhibitors is accompanied by the formation of Cr-O covalent bonds and O…H hydrogen bonds. The superior corrosion inhibition performance of VC than VSA and their preferential parallel adsorption geometry can be attributed to more bonds to the surface. The adsorption of water on the Cr2O3 surface leads to the formation of a multilayered structure with a higher atomic intensity than bulk water in which the first two layers interact directly with the metal oxide surface. When an inhibitor layer and water are both present, the inhibitor effectively blocks Cr2O3-water interactions but water significantly weakens the inhibitor's adsorption. These findings shed new light on the mechanism of corrosion inhibition in stainless steel.
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| 30. |
- Zhang, Ya Hong, et al.
(author)
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AβPP-tau-HAS1 axis trigger HAS1-related nuclear speckles and gene transcription in Alzheimer's disease
- 2024
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In: Matrix Biology. - 0945-053X. ; 129, s. 29-43
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As the backbone of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the perineuronal nets (PNNs), hyaluronic acid (HA) provides binding sites for proteoglycans and other ECM components. Although the pivotal of HA has been recognized in Alzheimer's disease (AD), few studies have addressed the relationship between AD pathology and HA synthases (HASs). Here, HASs in different regions of AD brains were screened in transcriptomic database and validated in AβPP/PS1 mice. We found that HAS1 was distributed along the axon and nucleus. Its transcripts were reduced in AD patients and AβPP/PS1 mice. Phosphorylated tau (p-tau) mediates AβPP-induced cytosolic-nuclear translocation of HAS1, and negatively regulated the stability, monoubiquitination, and oligomerization of HAS1, thus reduced the synthesis and release of HA. Furthermore, non-ubiquitinated HAS1 mutant lost its enzyme activity, and translocated from the cytosol into the nucleus, forming nuclear speckles (NS). Unlike the splicing-related NS, less than 1 % of the non-ubiquitinated HAS1 co-localized with SRRM2, proving the regulatory role of HAS1 in gene transcription, indirectly. Thus, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to both non-ubiquitinated HAS1 mutant and AD were screened using transcriptomic datasets. Thirty-nine DEGs were identified, with 64.1 % (25/39) showing consistent results in both datasets. Together, we unearthed an important function of the AβPP-p-tau-HAS1 axis in microenvironment remodeling and gene transcription during AD progression, involving the ubiquitin-proteasome, lysosome, and NS systems.
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| 31. |
- Zhao, Li-Juan, et al.
(author)
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Lysine demethylase LSD1 delivered via small extracellular vesicles promotes gastric cancer cell stemness
- 2021
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In: EMBO Reports. - : EMBO. - 1469-221X .- 1469-3178. ; 22:8
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Several studies have examined the functions of nucleic acids in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). However, much less is known about the protein cargos of sEVs and their functions in recipient cells. This study demonstrates the presence of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), which is the first identified histone demethylase, in the culture medium of gastric cancer cells. We show that sEVs derived from gastric cancer cells and the plasma of patients with gastric cancer harbor LSD1. The shuttling of LSD1-containing sEVs from donor cells to recipient gastric cancer cells promotes cancer cell stemness by positively regulating the expression of Nanog, OCT4, SOX2, and CD44. Additionally, sEV-delivered LSD1 suppresses oxaliplatin response of recipient cells in vitro and in vivo, whereas LSD1-depleted sEVs do not. Taken together, we demonstrate that LSD1-loaded sEVs can promote stemness and chemoresistance to oxaliplatin. These findings suggest that the LSD1 content of sEV could serve as a biomarker to predict oxaliplatin response in gastric cancer patients.
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| 32. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2011
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swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 33. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2012
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swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 34. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2012
-
swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
|
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| 35. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2011
-
swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 36. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2013
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swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 37. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2012
-
swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
|
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| 38. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2012
-
swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
|
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| 39. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2012
-
swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
|
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| 40. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2012
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swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 41. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2012
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swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 42. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2012
-
swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 43. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2011
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swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 44. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2011
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swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 45. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2011
-
swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 46. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2012
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swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 47. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2012
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 48. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
-
- 2012
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swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 49. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2013
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swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 50. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2012
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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