1. |
- Bleken, Bjørn Tore L., et al.
(författare)
-
Unit cell thick nanosheets of zeolite H-ZSM-5 : Structure and activity
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Topics in catalysis. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1022-5528 .- 1572-9028. ; 56:9-10, s. 558-566
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- nosheets of zeolite H-ZSM-5 were synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2- physisorption, FT-IR spectroscopy, 27Al and 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy in addition to catalytic testing in conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons (MTH). It was found that Rietveld analysis, involving anisotropic broadening parameters, gave average crystallite dimensions in good agreement with TEM images. The selectivities in MTH is intact in the mesoporous nanosheet H-ZSM-5 with the largest difference being a higher C3/C2 ratio compared to regular H-ZSM-5.
|
|
2. |
- Crowson, Cynthia S., et al.
(författare)
-
Impact of risk factors associated with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 77:1, s. 48-54
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an excess risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to assess the impact of CVD risk factors, including potential sex differences, and RA-specific variables on CVD outcome in a large, international cohort of patients with RA. Methods: In 13 rheumatology centres, data on CVD risk factors and RA characteristics were collected at baseline. CVD outcomes (myocardial infarction, angina, revascularisation, stroke, peripheral vascular disease and CVD death) were collected using standardised definitions. Results: 5638 patients with RA and no prior CVD were included (mean age: 55.3 (SD: 14.0) years, 76% women). During mean follow-up of 5.8 (SD: 4.4) years, 148 men and 241 women developed a CVD event (10-year cumulative incidence 20.9% and 11.1%, respectively). Men had a higher burden of CVD risk factors, including increased blood pressure, higher total cholesterol and smoking prevalence than women (all p<0.001). Among the traditional CVD risk factors, smoking and hypertension had the highest population attributable risk (PAR) overall and among both sexes, followed by total cholesterol. The PAR for Disease Activity Score and for seropositivity were comparable in magnitude to the PAR for lipids. A total of 70% of CVD events were attributable to all CVD risk factors and RA characteristics combined (separately 49% CVD risk factors and 30% RA characteristics). Conclusions: In a large, international cohort of patients with RA, 30% of CVD events were attributable to RA characteristics. This finding indicates that RA characteristics play an important role in efforts to reduce CVD risk among patients with RA.
|
|
3. |
- Culina, Antica, et al.
(författare)
-
Connecting the data landscape of long-term ecological studies : The SPI-Birds data hub
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Animal Ecology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0021-8790 .- 1365-2656. ; 90:9, s. 2147-2160
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The integration and synthesis of the data in different areas of science is drastically slowed and hindered by a lack of standards and networking programmes. Long-term studies of individually marked animals are not an exception. These studies are especially important as instrumental for understanding evolutionary and ecological processes in the wild. Furthermore, their number and global distribution provides a unique opportunity to assess the generality of patterns and to address broad-scale global issues (e.g. climate change). To solve data integration issues and enable a new scale of ecological and evolutionary research based on long-term studies of birds, we have created the SPI-Birds Network and Database ()-a large-scale initiative that connects data from, and researchers working on, studies of wild populations of individually recognizable (usually ringed) birds. Within year and a half since the establishment, SPI-Birds has recruited over 120 members, and currently hosts data on almost 1.5 million individual birds collected in 80 populations over 2,000 cumulative years, and counting. SPI-Birds acts as a data hub and a catalogue of studied populations. It prevents data loss, secures easy data finding, use and integration and thus facilitates collaboration and synthesis. We provide community-derived data and meta-data standards and improve data integrity guided by the principles of Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR), and aligned with the existing metadata languages (e.g. ecological meta-data language). The encouraging community involvement stems from SPI-Bird's decentralized approach: research groups retain full control over data use and their way of data management, while SPI-Birds creates tailored pipelines to convert each unique data format into a standard format. We outline the lessons learned, so that other communities (e.g. those working on other taxa) can adapt our successful model. Creating community-specific hubs (such as ours, COMADRE for animal demography, etc.) will aid much-needed large-scale ecological data integration.
|
|
4. |
- Cuttini, Marina, et al.
(författare)
-
Patient refusal of emergency cesarean delivery - A study of obstetricians' attitudes in Europe
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Obstetrics and Gynecology. - 1873-233X. ; 108:5, s. 1121-1129
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To compare the attitudes of a large sample of obstetricians from eight European countries toward a competent woman's refusal to consent to an emergency cesarean delivery for acute fetal distress. METHODS: Obstetricians' attitudes in response to a hypothetical clinical case were surveyed through an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. The sample included 1,530 obstetricians (response rate 77%) from 105 maternity units (response rate 70%) in eight countries: France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. RESULTS: In every country, the majority of obstetricians would keep trying to persuade the woman, telling her that failure to perform cesarean delivery might result in the fetus surviving with disability, or even that her own life might be endangered. In Spain, France, Italy, and, to a lesser extent, Germany and Luxembourg, a consistent proportion of physicians would seek a court order to protect fetal welfare or avoid possible legal liability or both. In the United Kingdom, Sweden, and Netherlands, several respondents (59%, 41%, and 37%, respectively) would accept the woman's decision and assist vaginal delivery. Only a small minority (from 0 in the United Kingdom to 10% in France) would proceed with cesarean delivery without a court order. CONCLUSION: Case law arising from a few countries (United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom) and professional guidelines favoring women's autonomy have not solved the underlying ethical conflict, and in Europe acceptance of a woman's right to refuse cesarean delivery, at least in emergency situations, is not uniform. Differing attitudes between obstetricians from the eight countries may reflect diverse legal and ethical environments.
|
|
5. |
- Koettgen, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Genome-wide association analyses identify 18 new loci associated with serum urate concentrations
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:2, s. 145-154
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elevated serum urate concentrations can cause gout, a prevalent and painful inflammatory arthritis. By combining data from >140,000 individuals of European ancestry within the Global Urate Genetics Consortium (GUGC), we identified and replicated 28 genome-wide significant loci in association with serum urate concentrations (18 new regions in or near TRIM46, INHBB, SEMBT1, TMEM171, VEGFA, BAZ1B, PRKAG2, STC1, HNF4G, A1CF, ATXN2, UBE2Q2, IGF1R, NFAT5, MAF, HLF, ACVR1B-ACVRL1 and B3GNT4). Associations for many of the loci were of similar magnitude in individuals of non-European ancestry. We further characterized these loci for associations with gout, transcript expression and the fractional excretion of urate. Network analyses implicate the inhibins-activins signaling pathways and glucose metabolism in systemic urate control. New candidate genes for serum urate concentration highlight the importance of metabolic control of urate production and excretion, which may have implications for the treatment and prevention of gout.
|
|
6. |
|
|
7. |
- Roelsgaard, Ida K., et al.
(författare)
-
Smoking cessation is associated with lower disease activity and predicts cardiovascular risk reduction in rheumatoid arthritis patients
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Rheumatology. - : Oxford University Press. - 1462-0324 .- 1462-0332. ; 59:8, s. 1997-2004
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Smoking is a major risk factor for the development of both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and RA and may cause attenuated responses to anti-rheumatic treatments. Our aim was to compare disease activity, CVD risk factors and CVD event rates across smoking status in RA patients. Methods: Disease characteristics, CVD risk factors and relevant medications were recorded in RA patients without prior CVD from 10 countries (Norway, UK, Netherlands, USA, Sweden, Greece, South Africa, Spain, Canada and Mexico). Information on CVD events was collected. Adjusted analysis of variance, logistic regression and Cox models were applied to compare RA disease activity (DAS28), CVD risk factors and event rates across categories of smoking status. Results: Of the 3311 RA patients (1012 former, 887 current and 1412 never smokers), 235 experienced CVD events during a median follow-up of 3.5 years (interquartile range 2.5-6.1). At enrolment, current smokers were more likely to have moderate or high disease activity compared with former and never smokers (P < 0.001 for both). There was a gradient of worsening CVD risk factor profiles (lipoproteins and blood pressure) from never to former to current smokers. Furthermore, former and never smokers had significantly lower CVD event rates compared with current smokers [hazard ratio 0.70 (95% CI 0.51, 0.95), P = 0.02 and 0.48 (0.34, 0.69), P < 0.001, respectively]. The CVD event rates for former and never smokers were comparable. Conclusion: Smoking cessation in patients with RA was associated with lower disease activity and improved lipid profiles and was a predictor of reduced rates of CVD events.
|
|
8. |
- Stefanova, Silvia, et al.
(författare)
-
Optimizing Unbound-property Queries to RDF Views of RelationalDatabases
- 2011
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- SAQ (Semantic Archive and Query) is a system for querying and long-term preservation of relational data in terms of RDF. In SAQ relational data in a back-end DBMS is exposed as an RDF view, called the RD-view. SAQ can process arbitrary SPARQL queries to the RD-view. In addition long-term preservation as RDF of selected parts of a relational database is specified by SPARQL queries to the RD-view. Such queries usually select sets of RDF properties and thus in the query definition a property p is unknown. We call such queries unbound-property queries. This class of queries is also present in the SPARQL benchmarks. We optimize unbound-property queries by introducing a query transformation algorithm called Group Common Terms, GCT. It pulls out from a DNF normalized query those common terms that can be translated to SQL predicates accessing the relational database. Our experiments using the Berlin SPARQL benchmark show that GCT improves substantially the query execution time to a back-end commercial relational DBMS for both selective and unselective unbound-property queries. We compared the performance of our approach with the performance of other systems processing SPARQL queries over views of relational databases and showed that GCT improves scalability compared to the approaches used by the other systems.
|
|
9. |
|
|
10. |
- Stefanova, Silvia, 1972-
(författare)
-
Scalable Preservation, Reconstruction, and Querying of Databases in terms of Semantic Web Representations
- 2013
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This Thesis addresses how Semantic Web representations, in particular RDF, can enable flexible and scalable preservation, recreation, and querying of databases.An approach has been developed for selective scalable long-term archival of relational databases (RDBs) as RDF, implemented in the SAQ (Semantic Archive and Query) system. The archival of user-specified parts of an RDB is specified using an extension of SPARQL, A-SPARQL. SAQ automatically generates an RDF view of the RDB, the RD-view. The result of an archival query is RDF triples stored in: i) a data archive file containing the preserved RDB content, and ii) a schema archive file containing sufficient meta-data to reconstruct the archived database. To achieve scalable data preservation and recreation, SAQ uses special query rewriting optimizations for the archival queries. It was experimentally shown that they improve query execution and archival time compared with naïve processing. The performance of SAQ was compared with that of other systems supporting SPARQL queries to views of existing RDBs.When an archived RDB is to be recreated, the reloader module of SAQ first reads the schema archive file and executes a schema reconstruction algorithm to automatically construct the RDB schema. The thus created RDB is populated by reading the data archive and converting the read data into relational attribute values. For scalable recreation of RDF archived data we have developed the Triple Bulk Load (TBL) approach where the relational data is reconstructed by using the bulk load facility of the RDBMS. Our experiments show that the TBL approach is substantially faster than the naïve Insert Attribute Value (IAV) approach, despite the added sorting and post-processing.To view and query semi-structured Topic Maps data as RDF the prototype system TM-Viewer was implemented. A declarative RDF view of Topic Maps, the TM-view, is automatically generated by the TM-viewer using a developed conceptual schema for the Topic Maps data model. To achieve efficient query processing of SPARQL queries to the TM-view query rewrite transformations were developed and evaluated. It was shown that they significantly improve the query execution time.
|
|
11. |
|
|
12. |
- Stefanova, Silvia, et al.
(författare)
-
SPARQL queries to RDFS views of Topic Maps
- 2010
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Metadata, Semantics and Ontologies (IJMSO). - : Inderscience. - 1744-2621. ; 5:1, s. 1-16
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
13. |
- Stefanova, Silvia, et al.
(författare)
-
Viewing and Querying Topic Maps in terms of RDF
- 2008
-
Ingår i: SEMMA2008: First International Workshop on Semantic Metadata Management and Applications.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both Topic Maps and RDF are popular semantic web standards designed for machine processing of web documents. Since these representations were originally created for different purposes, they have conceptual differences in their data models, and therefore have different tools to parse, store, and query them. However, there are more tools to handle RDF data than those existing for Topic Maps. Our approach is to map Topic Maps to a view expressed in RDF and then query this view by the RDF query language SPARQL. To achieve this, a generic conceptual schema of Topic Maps is defined using a functional data model. Based on the conceptual schema of Topic Maps, an automatic mapping from Topic Maps to the RDF data model is developed. The mapping provides a general view of any Topic Map data in terms of RDF that can be queried using SPARQL. Query rewriting techniques based on partial evaluation enable realistic performance.
|
|
14. |
- Wibetoe, Grunde, et al.
(författare)
-
Performance of Cardiovascular Risk Age and Vascular Age Estimations in Predicting Cardiovascular Events in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 69
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background/Purpose: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients are at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Risk algorithms for the general population lack precision when applied to RA patients and validated RA-specific CVD prediction models are missing. Risk age estimations are recommended as adjuncts to assessment of absolute 10-year risk of fatal CVD events. Two risk age models based on the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) algorithm have been developed; the cardiovascular risk age and the vascular age. However, the performance of these models has not been compared. Using longitudinal data on CVD events in RA patients, we aimed to compare the discriminative ability of cardiovascular risk age and vascular age among RA patients and in subgroups of RA patients based on disease characteristics. Methods: Patients with RA were included from an international consortium, aged 30-70 years at baseline. Those with prior CVD, diabetes and/or users of lipid-lowering and/or antihypertensive therapy at baseline were excluded. Cardiovascular risk age was estimated based on chronologic age, smoking status, total cholesterol and systolic blood pressure at baseline. Vascular age was derived from the 10-year risk of CVD according to the SCORE algorithm, with or without high density lipoprotein cholesterol, using the equations for low and high risk countries. Performance of each risk age model in predicting CVD events was assessed using the concordance index. Results: Among the1867 RA patients included, 74% were female, median (inter-quartile range) age and disease duration were 52.0 (44.0, 59.9) and 0.6 (0.1, 6.4) years, 72.5% were rheumatoid factor positive, 24.7% were using glucocorticoids and 10.3% were using biologics at baseline. Overall, 144 CVD events occurred and median follow-up time was 5.0 (2.6, 9.3) years. Median difference between estimated risk age and chronologic age was 4.0 to 6.7 years, depending on the specific risk age model applied. Overall, the C-index across risk models ranged from 0.71 to 0.73 with standard errors of 0.03. Across prediction models, the lowest observed concordance was found among women and in glucocorticoid users and in those with new-onset disease (≤1 year). Additional analyses including RA patients on cardio preventive therapy yielded slightly lower c-indexes. Since SCORE was developed for use in Europe, we performed analyses on European RA patients, which yielded similar results. The trend of reduced concordance among women, glucocorticoid users and RA patients with short disease duration was preserved in these additional analyses. Conclusion: The cardiovascular risk age and vascular age models have comparable performance in predicting CVD in RA patients. Sex, disease duration and/or glucocorticoid treatment may influence the performance of risk age estimations.
|
|
15. |
- Wibetoe, Grunde, et al.
(författare)
-
Prediction of cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis using risk age calculations : evaluation of concordance across risk age models
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : Springer Nature. - 1478-6362. ; 22:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In younger individuals, low absolute risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) may conceal an increased risk age and relative risk of CVD. Calculation of risk age is proposed as an adjuvant to absolute CVD risk estimation in European guidelines. We aimed to compare the discriminative ability of available risk age models in prediction of CVD in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Secondly, we also evaluated the performance of risk age models in subgroups based on RA disease characteristics.Methods: RA patients aged 30–70 years were included from an international consortium named A Trans-Atlantic Cardiovascular Consortium for Rheumatoid Arthritis (ATACC-RA). Prior CVD and diabetes mellitus were exclusion criteria. The discriminatory ability of specific risk age models was evaluated using c-statistics and their standard errors after calculating time until fatal or non-fatal CVD or last follow-up.Results: A total of 1974 patients were included in the main analyses, and 144 events were observed during follow-up, the median follow-up being 5.0 years. The risk age models gave highly correlated results, demonstrating R2 values ranging from 0.87 to 0.97. However, risk age estimations differed > 5 years in 15–32% of patients. C-statistics ranged 0.68–0.72 with standard errors of approximately 0.03. Despite certain RA characteristics being associated with low c-indices, standard errors were high. Restricting analysis to European RA patients yielded similar results.Conclusions: The cardiovascular risk age and vascular age models have comparable performance in predicting CVD in RA patients. The influence of RA disease characteristics on the predictive ability of these prediction models remains inconclusive.
|
|
16. |
- Zhu, Minpeng, et al.
(författare)
-
Scalable Numerical SPARQL Queries over Relational Databases
- 2014
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an approach for scalable processing of SPARQL queries to RDF views of numerical data stored in relational databases (RDBs). Such queries include numerical expressions, inequalities, comparisons, etc. inside FILTERs. We call such FILTERs numerical expressions and the queries - numerical SPARQL queries. For scalable execution of numerical SPARQL queries over RDBs, numerical operators should be pushed into SQL rather than executing the filters as post-processing outside the RDB; otherwise the query execution is slowed down, since a lot of data is transported from the RDB server and furthermore indexes on the server are not utilized. The NUMTranslator algorithm converts numerical expressions in numerical SPARQL queries into corresponding SQL expressions. We show that NUMTranslator improves substantially the scalability of SPARQL queries based on a benchmark that analyses numerical logs stored in an RDB. We compared the performance of our approach with the performance of other systems processing SPARQL queries to RDF views of RDBs and show that NUMTranslator improves substantially the scalability of numerical queries compared to the other systems’ approaches.
|
|