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- Hämmerle, Christoph H F, et al.
(author)
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Biology of soft tissue wound healing and regeneration : consensus report of group 1 of the 10th European workshop on periodontology
- 2014
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In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 41:s15, s. S1-S5
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- BACKGROUND:The scope of this consensus was to review the biological processes of soft tissue wound healing in the oral cavity and to histologically evaluate soft tissue healing in clinical and pre-clinical models. AIMS:To review the current knowledge regarding the biological processes of soft tissue wound healing at teeth, implants and on the edentulous ridge. Furthermore, to review soft tissue wound healing at these sites, when using barrier membranes, growth and differentiation factors and soft tissue substitutes. COLLECTION OF DATA:Searches of the literature with respect to recessions at teeth and soft tissue deficiencies at implants, augmentation of the area of keratinized tissue and soft tissue volume were conducted. The available evidence was collected, categorized and summarized. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF ORAL SOFT TISSUE WOUND HEALING:Oral mucosal and skin wound healing follow a similar pattern of the four phases of haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and maturation/matrix remodelling. The soft connective tissue determines the characteristics of the overlaying oral epithelium. Within 7-14 days, epithelial healing of surgical wounds at teeth is completed. Soft tissue healing following surgery at implants requires 6-8 weeks for maturation. The resulting tissue resembles scar tissue. Well-designed pre-clinical studies providing histological data have been reported describing soft tissue wound healing, when using barrier membranes, growth and differentiation factors and soft tissue substitutes. Few controlled clinical studies with low numbers of patients are available for some of the treatments reviewed at teeth. Whereas, histological new attachment has been demonstrated in pre-clinical studies resulting from some of the treatments reviewed, human histological data commonly report a lack of new attachment but rather long junctional epithelial attachment and connective tissue adhesion. Regarding soft tissue healing at implants human data are very scarce. CONCLUSIONS:Oral soft tissue healing at teeth, implants and the edentulous ridge follows the same phases as skin wound healing. Histological studies in humans have not reported new attachment formation at teeth for the indications studied. Human histological data of soft tissue wound healing at implants are limited. CLINICAL RECOMMENDATIONS:The use of barriers membranes, growth and differentiation factors and soft tissue substitutes for the treatment of localized gingival/mucosal recessions, insufficient amount of keratinized tissue and insufficient soft tissue volume is at a developing stage.
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| 4. |
- Vignoletti, Fabio, et al.
(author)
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Early healing of implants placed into fresh extraction sockets: an experimental study in the beagle dog. De novo bone formation
- 2009
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In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY. - Oxford : Blackwell. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 36:3, s. 265-277
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Describe the early phases of tissue integration in implants placed into fresh extraction sockets and test whether a new implant surface nano-topography (DCD nano-particles, Nanotite) promotes early osseointegration when compared with minimally rough surface implants (DAE, Osseotite). Material and METHODS: Sixteen beagle dogs received 64 test and control implants randomly installed into the distal socket of (3)P(3) and (4)P(4). Histomorphometric analysis of bone to implant contact (BIC) and bone area was performed at 4 h, 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks. RESULTS: Wound healing initiated with a coagulum that was substituted by a provisional matrix at 1 week. Bone formation started concomitant to a marked bone resorption. At 2 weeks, woven bone formation was evident and gradually remodelled into lamellar bone at 4 and 8 weeks. BIC increased similarly throughout the study in both groups with a tendency to higher percentages for the test devices at 2 and 4 weeks. The influence of the DCD nano-particles was more evident at the fourth premolar site. CONCLUSION: Osseointegration occurred similarly at both implant groups, although the socket dimension appeared to influence bone healing. It is suggested that the enhanced nano-topography has a limited effect in the immediate implant surgical protocol.
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| 7. |
- Vignoletti, Fabio, et al.
(author)
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Quality of reporting of experimental research in implant dentistry. Critical aspects in design, outcome assessment and model validation.
- 2012
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In: Journal of clinical periodontology. - 1600-051X. ; 39 Suppl 12, s. 6-27
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract Objective The aim was to assess the quality of reporting of experimental research in implant dentistry by a critical evaluation of study design, outcome assessments and model validation. Material & Methods An online search was performed using the MEDLINE. Experimental studies performed in both animals and humans were included. A’stratified random sample of the included studies was extracted and used for quantitative and qualitative analyses. Modified versions of the ARRIVE guidelines were used for quality assessment. Results A total of 982 papers were eligible and used for quantitative analyses. A’stratified random sample of 193 publications was extracted. The dog model was the most used experimental model whereas experimental studies on humans were few. Intra-oral experimental sites dominated in human, monkey, dog and mini-pig studies. Extra oral sites dominated in rabbit, rodent and goat/sheep studies. Studies on the pathogenesis and treatment of peri-implant diseases were few. Conclusion Different animal models, experimental protocols and methods of analysis have been used to address different areas of experimental research in implant dentistry. Standardized designs for investigations within this type of experimental research seem to be lacking. Furthermore, in many of these studies there were limitations in reporting on methodology and statistical methods.
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