| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Binbin, Song, et al.
(author)
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Oxidation properties of self-propagating high temperature synthesized niobium disilicide
- 2014
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In: Corrosion Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0010-938X .- 1879-0496. ; 85, s. 311-317
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- NbSi2 monoliths were prepared by self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) and hot pressing (HP) and their oxidation behavior was investigated at various temperatures (823-1123 K) in air. The combustion mode of SHS reaction was steady state combustion, and the combustion product was single-phase NbSi2. Oxidation studies show that the highest mass gain was 0.95675 kg m(-2) at 1023 K. In cyclic oxidation, the oxidation rate was reduced and the mass gain was only 0.15507 kg m(-2). A dense protective amorphous SiO2 scale formed at 823 K and 923 K whereas a porous multilayer SiO2 and alpha/beta-Nb2O5 oxide scales formed at and above 1023 K and spalled off. Pest oxidation of NbSi2 monoliths was not observed in hot pressed NbSi2 monoliths.
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| 3. |
- Fu, Hao, et al.
(author)
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A compact real-time simulator with spatial-temporal parallel design for large-scale wind farms
- 2021
-
In: CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems. - : Power System Technology Press. - 2096-0042. ; 9:1, s. 50-65
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Real-time simulation of large-scale wind farms with detailed modelling can provide accurate insights into system transient behaviors, but entails challenges in computing resources. This paper develops a compact real-time simulator based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) for large-scale wind farms, in which the spatial-temporal parallel design method is proposed to address the huge computation resource demand associated with detailed modelling. The wind farm is decoupled into several subsystems based on model consistency, and the electrical system and control system of each subsystem are solved in parallel. Both module-level pipeline technique and superscalar pipeline technique are introduced to the wind farms' simulation to effectively improve the utilization of hardware resources. In Case Studies, real-time simulations of two modified wind farms are carried out on a single FPGA separately, including one with 13 permanent magnet synchronous generators under a time-step of 11 μβ, and the other with 30 squirrel-cage induction generators under a time-step of 8μβ. Simulation tests under different scenarios are implemented to validate the numerical performance of the real-time simulator, and a comparison with the commercial tool PSCAD/EMTDC demonstrates the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed design.
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| 4. |
- Li, Jiyun, et al.
(author)
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Inter-host Transmission of Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia coli among Humans and Backyard Animals
- 2019
-
In: Journal of Environmental Health Perspectives. - : U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. - 0091-6765 .- 1552-9924. ; 127:10
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The rapidly increasing dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in both humans and animals poses a global threat to public health. However, the transmission of CRE between humans and animals has not yet been well studied.OBJECTIVES: We investigated the prevalence, risk factors, and drivers of CRE transmission between humans and their backyard animals in rural China.METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive sampling strategy in 12 villages in Shandong, China. Using the household [residents and their backyard animals (farm and companion animals)] as a single surveillance unit, we assessed the prevalence of CRE at the household level and examined the factors associated with CRE carriage through a detailed questionnaire. Genetic relationships among human- and animal-derived CRE were assessed using whole-genome sequencing-based molecular methods.RESULTS: A total of 88 New Delhi metallo beta lactamasesmetallo-β-lactamases–type carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (NDM-EC), including 17 from humans, 44 from pigs, 12 from chickens, 1 from cattle, and 2 from dogs, were isolated from 65 of the 746 households examined. The remaining 12 NDM-EC were from flies in the immediate backyard environment. The NDM-EC colonization in households was significantly associated with a) the number of species of backyard animals raised/kept in the same household, and b) the use of human and/or animal feces as fertilizer. Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) revealed that a large proportion of the core genomes of the NDM-EC belonged to strains from hosts other than their own, and several human isolates shared closely related core single-nucleotide polymorphisms and bla sub NDMblaNDM genetic contexts with isolates from backyard animals.CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, we are the first to report evidence of direct transmission of NDM-EC between humans and animals. Given the rise of NDM-EC in community and hospital infections, combating NDM-EC transmission in backyard farm systems is needed. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5251.
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| 5. |
- Cai, Xiaoping, et al.
(author)
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Fabrication of Highly Porous CuAl Intermetallic by Thermal Explosion Using NaCl Space Holder
- 2018
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In: JOM. - : The Minerals, Metals, and Materials Society. - 1047-4838 .- 1543-1851. ; 70:10, s. 2173-2178
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A high-porosity CuAl-based intermetallic compound with composition Cu-50 at.% Al has been successfully prepared by thermal explosion (TE) using NaCl as space holder. The results showed that the NaCl particles were completely removed from the green compact by water leaching. The temperature of the specimen during the TE and the evolution of the porous microstructure were investigated. The TE was ignited at 560°C, and the specimen temperature increased to 775°C in 3 s, resulting in formation of intermetallic CuAl and CuAl2 phases in the final product. A porous CuAl-based intermetallic compound with up to 62 vol.% open porosity was produced when adding 60 vol.% NaCl. The compound exhibited a bimodal pore size structure, including large pores (200 μm to 300 μm) that replicated the NaCl particles and small pores (5 μm to 10 μm) interspersed in the pore walls. Moreover, the large pores were interconnected by channels and formed an open CuAl-based intermetallic cellular structure, having great potential for use in heat exchange and filtration applications.
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| 6. |
- Cai, Xiaoping, et al.
(author)
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Oxidation Resistance of Highly Porous Fe-Al Foams Prepared by Thermal Explosion
- 2018
-
In: Metallurgical and Materials Transactions. A. - : Springer. - 1073-5623 .- 1543-1940. ; 49A:8, s. 3683-3691
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Open-cell Fe-Al intermetallic foams were successfully prepared by a simple and energy-saving thermal explosion (TE) process. The effects of the Fe/Al molar ratio (Fe-(40–50) at. pct Al) and thermal treatment temperature on the TE temperature profile, phase composition, pore characteristics, and oxidation resistance of the prepared foams were investigated. The results showed that the Al content significantly influenced the ignition (Tig) and combustion (Tc) temperatures of the TE process; in particular, as the Al content decreased, Tig increased gradually from 623 °C to 636 °C and Tc decreased from 1059 °C to 981 °C. FeAl was identified as the dominant phase in the thermally treated foams. The Fe-Al intermetallic foams displayed an open porosity of 60 vol pct, with pores connected with each other to form an open pore structure. The formation of the pores was attributed to the expansion of interparticle pores in the pressed body during the TE reaction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the Fe-50Al foam showed that the Al 2p and O 1s binding energies were 74.5 eV and at 531.4 eV, respectively. The formation of a surface alumina layer in the early stages of the oxidation process resulted in the parabolic oxidation rate law, and the Fe-50Al foams exhibited an excellent resistance to oxidation at 650 °C in air. These results suggest that the synthesized Fe-Al foams represent promising materials for applications involving an oxidizing environment and high temperatures.
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| 7. |
- Fu, Hao, et al.
(author)
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Asynchronous multi-rate method of real-time simulation for active distribution networks
- 2023
-
In: IET Renewable Power Generation. - : INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET. - 1752-1416 .- 1752-1424.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The real-time simulation of active distribution networks (ADNs) can provide an accurate insight into transient behaviours, but faces challenges in simulation efficiency and flexibility brought by larger system scales and wider time-scale ranges. This paper presents an asynchronous multi-rate (AMR) method and design for the real-time simulation of large-scale ADNs. In the proposed method, the entire ADN was decoupled into different subsystems according to accuracy requirements, and optimized time-steps were allocated to each subsystem to realize a fully distributed simulation. This not only alleviated the time-step coordination problem existing in multi-rate real-time simulations, but also enhanced the flexible expansion capabilities of the real-time simulator. To realize the AMR real-time simulation, a multi-rate interfacing method, synchronization mechanism, and data communication strategy are proposed in this paper, and their hardware design is also presented in detail. A modified IEEE 123-node system with photovoltaics and wind turbine generators was simulated on a 3 field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)-based AMR real-time simulator. The real-time results were captured by the oscilloscope and verified with PSCAD/EMTDC, which demonstrated the superiority in simulation flexibility and accuracy compared with the synchronous multi-rate (SMR) method.
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| 8. |
- Jiao, Xinjang, et al.
(author)
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Hierarchical porous TiAl3 intermetallics synthesized by thermal explosion with a leachable space-holder material
- 2016
-
In: Materials letters (General ed.). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-577X .- 1873-4979. ; 181, s. 261-264
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Porous TiAl3 intermetallics were synthesized by thermal explosion (TE) reaction with NaCl as space holder material, from Ti-75Al at.% elemental powders. Results showed that the actual temperature of specimen climbed rapidly from 667 °C to 1106 °C. As a consequence, porous TiAl3 intermetallics with high open porosity (>80%) can be easily achieved when adding NaCl particles above 50 vol%. XRD patterns showed that only single-phase TiAl3 compound was synthesized via TE. Hierarchical porous TiAl3 materials displayed three pore structures, including large pores replicating from original NaCl particles, small pores among the skeletons, and tiny pores precipitated from particle skeletons. Moreover, porous TiAl3 intermetallics exhibited a uniform pore size distribution and formed an open-cellular structures allowing for the liquid-gas separation and filtration applications
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| 9. |
- Li, Juan, et al.
(author)
-
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes and antibiotic residues in wastewater and soil adjacent to swine feedlots : potential transfer to agricultural lands
- 2012
-
In: Journal of Environmental Health Perspectives. - : National Institute of Environmental Health Science. - 0091-6765 .- 1552-9924. ; 120:8, s. 1144-1149
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Inappropriate use of antibiotics in swine feed could cause accelerated emergence of antibiotic resistance genes, and agricultural application of swine waste could spread antibiotic resistance genes to the surrounding environment.OBJECTIVES: We investigated the distribution of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes from swine feedlots and their surrounding environment.METHODS: We used a culture-independent method to identify PMQR genes and estimate their levels in wastewater from seven swine feedlot operations and corresponding wastewater-irrigated farm fields. Concentrations of (fluoro)quinolones in wastewater and soil samples were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry.RESULTS: The predominant PMQR genes in both the wastewater and soil samples were qnrD, qepA, and oqxB, whereas qnrS and oqxA were present only in wastewater samples. Absolute concentrations of all PMQR genes combined ranged from 1.66 × 107 to 4.06 × 108 copies/mL in wastewater and 4.06 × 106 to 9.52 × 107 copies/g in soil. Concentrations of (fluoro)quinolones ranged from 4.57 to 321 ng/mL in wastewater and below detection limit to 23.4 ng/g in soil. Significant correlations were found between the relative abundance of PMQR genes and (fluoro)quinolone concentrations (r = 0.71, p = 0.005) and the relative abundance of PMQR genes in paired wastewater and agricultural soil samples (r = 0.91, p = 0.005).CONCLUSIONS: Swine feedlot wastewater may be a source of PMQR genes that could facilitate the spread of antibiotic resistance. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the occurrence of PMQR genes in animal husbandry environments using a culture-independent method.
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| 10. |
- Ran, Huashen, et al.
(author)
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Microstructure and properties of Ti5Si3-based porous intermetallic compounds fabricated via combustion synthesis
- 2014
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In: Journal of Alloys and Compounds. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-8388 .- 1873-4669. ; 612, s. 337-342
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Porous titanium silicides (Ti5Si3-based) were produced by combustion synthesis process from reaction mixtures of titanium to silicon in varying molar ratios. The effects of combustion characteristics of the reaction mixtures on the phase formation, microstructure, porosity, pore size and compressive strength of porous titanium silicide intermetallic compounds were investigated. The results showed that the flame-front propagation velocity and temperature of the combustion reaction were the maximum for the reaction mixture containing Ti and Si in the ratio of 5 to 3 (Ti5Si3), 32.7 mm/s and 2205 K, respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the dominant phase formed was Ti5Si3 in all combustion synthesized porous intermetallic compounds. Ti5Si3-based intermetallic compounds were highly porous. The porosity and pore size of these intermetallics were dependent on the initial composition of the reaction mixture. The total and open porosities of Ti5Si3-based intermetallics varied from 33 to 61% and 17 to 55%, respectively. The porous titanium silicide intermetallic materials displayed high mechanical strength, in the range of 6-35 MPa, duly required for their use as filters.
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| 11. |
- Wang, Hao, et al.
(author)
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Preparation and Properties of Microporous Nickel with High Porosity
- 2023
-
In: Rare Metal Materials and Engineering. - : Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research. - 1002-185X. ; 52:3, s. 876-882
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The strategy of sintered closed-hole followed by reopening was proposed to prepare the microporous nickel material with high porosity through the powder metallurgy and subsequential treatments. The carbonyl nickel powder with particle size of 1 mu m was used as raw material, and the effects of sintering process parameters on the pore properties and mechanical properties of microporous nickel were studied. Results show that the porosity measured by mercury injection method of microporous nickel is 53.7%, and the average pore diameter is 612.25 nm at the sintering temperature of 400 degrees C. After machining, the porosity measured by mercury injection method is 54.0%, and the average pore diameter is 511.37 nm, which still satisfies the requirements of engineering application. The strategy provides providing a new approach for the preparation of microporous nickel and other porous metal materials.
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| 12. |
- Wang, Yong, et al.
(author)
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Assessment of CAR- or CD46-Dependent Adenoviral Vector-Mediated TRAIL Gene Therapy in Clinical Adenocarcinoma Lung Cancer Cells
- 2009
-
In: Oncology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0232 .- 0030-2414. ; 77:6, s. 366-377
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Adenoviral vector-mediated transfer of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) can be a powerful approach to lung cancer therapy. However, the efficiency of adenoviral vector gene transfer and the sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis in the context of adenoviral vector gene transfer have yet to be characterized in primary lung cancers. In this study, we investigated the expression of adenoviral receptor CD46 expression in primary lung cancer cells. In contrast to previous reports on enhanced CD46 expression in various types of cancer cells, we show a significantly higher CD46 expression in lung adenocarcinomas compared to lung squamous cell carcinomas. Using Ad5-GFP and Ad5F35-GFP vectors, we demonstrated an improved gene transfer efficiency in primary lung cancer cells by the Ad5F35 vector. The apoptosis induction effect mediated by Ad5-TRAIL and Ad5F35-TRAIL vector gene transfer was compared in cells from 10 lung adenocarcinomas. Of 5 lung cancers in which apoptosis was induced, 2 had an enhanced effect by Ad5F35-TRAIL vector gene transfer compared to Ad5-GFP. Thus, these results indicate a method to identify TRAIL-sensitive primary lung cancers, which will also facilitate the analysis of resistance mechanisms in lung cancers. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel
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| 13. |
- Wang, Yong, et al.
(author)
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Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor expression in non-malignant lung tissues and clinical lung cancers
- 2006
-
In: Journal of Molecular Histology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1567-2379 .- 1567-2387. ; 37:3-4, s. 153-160
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Adenoviral vector mediated gene delivery has been applied in clinical trials and mechanistic studies to explore new treatment approaches for lung cancers. The expression of coxsackievirus adenovirus receptor (CAR), the primary receptor for the most commonly used adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5)-based vectors, predominantly determines the permissiveness of lung cancer cells. CAR expression is also suggested to modulate tumor cell proliferation capacity. Here, we studied CAR expression in archival lung cancer specimens by using well-characterized CAR 72 antibodies. High levels of CAR expression were observed in most of the 32 cases of squamous cell carcinoma lung cancers and in all the five cases of small cell lung cancers investigated. In contrast, high levels of CAR expression were detected only in 6 of 22 adenocarcinoma lung cancers. The relative levels of CAR expression did not correlate with the pathologic grade in lung cancers, and was thus inconsistent with a role of modulating cancer cell proliferation. Of note, CAR expression was not detected in non-malignant alveolar cells. Our data suggest a preferred utility of Ad5 vector mediated gene delivery to squamous cell carcinoma lung cancers, small cell lung cancers, but not to the majority of adenocarcinoma lung cancers.
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| 14. |
- Xiaoping, Cai, et al.
(author)
-
Preparation of Porous NiAl Intermetallic with Controllable Shape and Pore Structure by Rapid Thermal Explosion with Space Holder
- 2021
-
In: Metals and Materials International. - : Springer. - 1598-9623 .- 2005-4149. ; 27:10, s. 4216-4224
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Due to the high exothermic characteristic of NiAl during the reaction synthesis process from Ni–Al elemental powders, the NiAl intermetallic melts frequently, and the specimens are difficult to maintain their original shape, which leads to the inhomogeneity of the pore size and morphology. To tackle this problem, porous NiAl intermetallic monolith with controllable shape and pore structure was prepared through thermal explosion (TE) using NaCl as space holder. The TE behavior was recorded, and the effect of the volume fraction of NaCl on the phase composition, macroscopic feature, pore morphology and open porosity were investigated. The results showed that NiAl was the main phase in the products, and the specimen was free from cracking or deforming when NaCl content reached 30 vol%. The interconnected channel and pore windows were formed, and the open porosity was improved greatly to 63% by adding 50 vol% NaCl. The leachable space holder route provides a simple way to control the shape, pore structure and open porosity of the synthesized porous NiAl intermetallic.
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| 15. |
- Cars, Otto, et al.
(author)
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Building bridges to operationalise one health : A Sino-Swedish collaboration to tackle antibiotic resistance
- 2016
-
In: One Health. - : Elsevier. - 2352-7714. ; 2, s. 139-143
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Antibiotic resistance is a complex global health challenge. The recent Global Action Plan on antimicrobial resistance highlights the importance of adopting One Health approaches that can cross traditional disciplinary boundaries. We report on the early experiences of a multisectoral Sino-Swedish research project that aims to address gaps in our current knowledge and seeks to improve the situation through system-wide interventions. Our research project is investigating antibiotic use and resistance in a rural area of China through a combination of epidemiological, health systems and laboratory investigations. We reflect here on the challenges inherent in conducting long distance cross-disciplinary collaborations, having now completed data and sample collection for a baseline situation analysis. In particular, we recognise the importance of investing in aspects such as effective communication, shared conceptual frameworks and leadership. We suggest that our experiences will be instructive to others planning to develop similar international One Health collaborations.
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| 16. |
- Chen, Song, et al.
(author)
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Early osteoimmunomodulation by mucin hydrogels augments the healing and revascularization of rat critical-size calvarial bone defects
- 2023
-
In: BIOACTIVE MATERIALS. - : Elsevier BV. - 2452-199X. ; 25, s. 176-188
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The design principle of osteogenic bone grafts has shifted from immunological inertness to limiting foreign body response to combined osteoimmunomodulatory activity to promote high-quality endogenous bone regeneration. Recently developed immunomodulatory mucin hydrogels have been shown to elicit very low complement activation and suppress macrophage release and activation after implantation in vivo. However, their immunoregulatory activity has not yet been studied in the context of tissue repair. Herein, we synthesized mucinmonetite composite materials and investigated their early osteoimmunomodulation using a critical-size rat bone defect model. We demonstrated that the composites can polarize macrophages towards the M2 phenotype at weeks 1 and 2. The early osteoimmunomodulation enhanced early osteogenesis and angiogenesis and ultimately promoted fracture healing and engraftment (revascularization of the host vasculature) at weeks 6 and 12. Overall, we demonstrated the applicability of mucin-based immunomodulatory biomaterials to enhance tissue repair in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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| 17. |
- Gao, Yonghao, et al.
(author)
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Cluster radioactivity of neutron-deficient nuclei in trans-tin region
- 2020
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The possibility of cluster radioactivity (CR) of the neutron-deficient nuclei in the trans-tin region is explored by using the effective liquid drop model (ELDM), generalized liquid drop model (GLDM), and several sets of analytic formulas. It is found that the minimal half-lives are at N-d=50 (N-d is the neutron number of the daughter nucleus) for the same kind cluster emission because of the Q value (released energy) shell effect at N-d=50. Meanwhile, it is shown that the half-lives of alpha -like (A(e)=4n, Z(e)=N-e. Z(e) and N-e are the charge number and neutron number of the emitted cluster, respectively.) cluster emissions leading to the isotopes with Z(d)=50 (Z(d) is the proton number of the daughter nucleus) are easier to measure than those of non-alpha -like (A(e)=4n+2) cases due to the large Q values in alpha -like cluster emission processes. Finally, some alpha -like CR half-lives of the N-d=50 nuclei and their neighbours are predicted, which are useful for searching for the new CR in future experiments.
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| 18. |
- Huo, Yanda, et al.
(author)
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Data-Driven Adaptive Operation of Soft Open Points in Active Distribution Networks
- 2021
-
In: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 1551-3203 .- 1941-0050. ; 17:12, s. 8230-8242
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The integration of soft open point (SOP) effectively improves the flexibility of active distribution networks (ADNs). However, in practical operation, accurate network parameters are difficult to obtain and the operation state changes rapidly with distributed generators (DGs). With the development of information technologies, massive operation data can be acquired in ADNs. How to utilize multisource data has become the key to realize the intelligent operation of ADNs. This article proposes a data-driven operation strategy of SOP based on model-free adaptive control (MFAC). First, considering the inaccurate parameters and frequent change of operation states, a data-driven framework is formulated for the real-time operation of SOP. Then, the operation strategies of multiple SOPs are further improved with interarea coordination. The results of case studies show that driven by the measurement data, the potential benefits of SOPs are explored to adaptively respond to system state changes and improve the operational performance of ADNs.
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| 19. |
- Huo, Yanda, et al.
(author)
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Data-driven Coordinated Voltage Control Method of Distribution Networks with High DG Penetration
- 2023
-
In: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0885-8950 .- 1558-0679. ; 38:2, s. 1543-1557
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The highly penetrated distributed generators (DGs) aggravate the voltage violations in active distribution networks (ADNs). The coordination of various regulation devices such as on-load tap changers (OLTCs) and DG inverters can effectively address the voltage issues. Considering the problems of inaccurate network parameters and rapid DG fluctuation in practical operation, multi-source data can be utilized to establish the data-driven control model. In this paper, a data-driven coordinated voltage control method with the coordination of OLTC and DG inverters on multiple time-scales is proposed without relying on the accurate physical model. First, based on the multi-source data, a data-driven voltage control model is established. Multiple regulation devices such as OLTC and DG are coordinated on multiple time-scales to maintain voltages within the desired range. Then, a critical measurement selection method is proposed to guarantee the voltage control performance under the partial measurements in practical ADNs. Finally, the proposed method is validated on the modified IEEE 33-node and IEEE 123-node test cases. Case studies illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, as well as the adaptability to DG uncertainties.
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| 20. |
- Jiao, Xinyang, et al.
(author)
-
Exothermic behavior and thermodynamic analysis for the formation of porous TiAl3 intermetallics sintering with different heating rates
- 2019
-
In: Journal of Alloys and Compounds. - : Elsevier. - 0925-8388 .- 1873-4669. ; 811
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Porous TiAl3 intermetallcis are of great interest due to its excellent properties and widely applied in filtering apparatus, separation material and catalyst carrier. In this study, interconnected pore-structures have been synthesized by diffusion or thermal explosion (TE) reaction sintering with different heating rates. The thermal characteristics such as temperature-time curves, exothermic change and visual images indicate that the sample experienced a significant TE reaction at higher heating rates. Results shown that the sample was ignited at 672 °C and then rapidly increased to combustion temperature of 1169, 1110 and 933 °C in tens of seconds with the heating rate of 15, 10 and 5 °C∙min−1 respectively. Meanwhile, TE represented the uniformity of volume combustion, instantaneous reaction and rapid cooling to furnace temperature, the amount of heat released during TE reaction dropped from 1303 to 963 J g−1. This indicates that the entire sintering process was controlled by TE and the pre-diffusion reaction before the melting temperature of Al atom, which would affect the subsequent combustion reaction. Thermodynamic data explained that the reaction mechanism is mainly step-controlled diffusion reaction at a low heating rate (1 °C∙min−1), while the energy gradually accumulated and thermal explosion (TE) reaction become obvious with the increasing of heating rate (from 2 to 15 °C∙min−1).
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| 21. |
- Karttunen, Aki, et al.
(author)
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Path loss models with distance-dependent weighted fitting and estimation of censored path loss data
- 2016
-
In: IET Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET). - 1751-8725 .- 1751-8733. ; 10:14, s. 1467-1474
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Path loss models are the most fundamental part of wireless propagation channel models. Path loss is typically modelled as a (single-slope or multi-slope) power-law dependency on distance plus a log-normally distributed shadowing attenuation. Determination of the parameters of this model is usually done by fitting the model to results from measurements or ray tracing. The authors show that the typical least-square fitting to those data points is inherently biased to give the best fitting to the link distances that happen to have more evaluation points. A weighted fitting method is developed that emphasises the accuracy at the distance range that is consciously chosen by the user as most important for a system simulation. As a further important point that is typically not taken into account for path loss parameter extraction, the authors show that typically measurement data (but also ray tracing) is censored, i.e. path loss values above a certain threshold cannot be measured. The authors present examples of weighted fitting models, and models with and without the censored data, for 28 GHz channels in urban macrocells, and show that these effects have a significant impact on the extracted parameters and that the fitting accuracy can be improved with the presented methods.
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| 22. |
- Liu, Dachuan, et al.
(author)
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Amorphous iron-calcium phosphate-mediated biomineralized scaffolds for vascularized bone regeneration
- 2023
-
In: Materials & design. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-1275 .- 1873-4197. ; 235
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Construction of organic–inorganic composites similar to natural bone in terms of structure and composition has attracted extensive attention. However, the clinical applications of these composites are limited due to the insufficient osteogenic and mechanical properties. In nature, the presence of amorphous iron-calcium phosphate (Fe-ACP) strengthens the mechanical properties of some biominerals, and our previous study has revealed its synthetic route and in vitro osteogenic properties. However, the potential role of Fe-ACP on biomineralization and constructing biomimetic scaffolds for bone regeneration has not been studied. Herein, a biomimetic scaffold with good osteogenic property was fabricated based on the mineralization of Fe-ACP, with the assistance of ice-templated freeze-casting. The in vitro study showed that the mineralized scaffolds possessed favorable biocompatibility and osteogenic property. Moreover, the scaffolds promoted cell chemotaxis and angiogenic property by upregulating the hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). In vivo experiment demonstrated potent early osteogenesis along with angiogenesis and ultimately promoted bone regeneration. Overall, the mineralized scaffold mediated by Fe-ACP precursors provide a unique platform to enhance bone tissue repair.
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| 23. |
- Liu, Yanan, et al.
(author)
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A novel fabrication strategy for highly porous FeAl/Al2O3 composite by thermal explosion in vacuum
- 2018
-
In: Vacuum. - : Elsevier. - 0042-207X. ; 149, s. 225-230
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The high porosity of FeAl/Al2O3 composites was successfully prepared via a low-energy consumption method of thermal explosion (TE) in vacuum from reactant mixtures of Fe, Al and Fe2O3. The temperature profiles, phase compositions, microstructure, porosity and pore size of the products were investigated. The TE reactions were ignited between 639 and 648 °C and maximum combustion temperatures reached to 1196–1867 °C. XRD patterns showed that FeAl, Fe2Al5 and Al2O3 were formed via TE reaction, and FeAl and Al2O3 were evolved as dominant phase after the final sintering at 1100 °C. The FeAl/Al2O3 composites exhibited an interconnected pore structure with porosities and pore size of 52–61% and 27–32 μm, respectively.
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| 24. |
- Ran, Huashen, et al.
(author)
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Processing, microstructure and properties of hierarchically porous Cu
- 2016
-
In: Materials Express. - : American Scientific Publishers. - 2158-5849 .- 2158-5857. ; 6:3, s. 271-276
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hierarchically porous Cu with controlled pore characteristics and mechanical properties were fabricated from CuO powders and NaCl as template. NaCl particles were removed by dissolution from the pre-sintered CuO pellet using deionized water. CuO was decomposed to Cu during sintering at 900 °C in vacuum and resulted in porous Cu with bimodal pores. The porosity of porous Cu increased with increased NaCl content in the initial CuO pellet. The compression strength tests suggested that highly porous Cu were suitable for high impact energy absorption applications. Moreover, porosity, pore size and shape and mechanical properties of porous Cu could be tailored by tailoring the morphology and volume fraction of NaCl particles in the initial CuO pellet
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| 25. |
- Wang, Chengshan, et al.
(author)
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Distributed Energy and Microgrids (DEM)
- 2018
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In: Applied Energy. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 210, s. 685-689
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 26. |
- Wang, Yanzhao, et al.
(author)
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Nuclear properties of Z=114 isotopes and shell structure of (298)114
- 2020
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In: Communications in Theoretical Physics. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 0253-6102 .- 1572-9494. ; 72:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The two-neutron separation energies (S-2n) and alpha-decay energies (Q(alpha)) of the Z = 114 isotopes are calculated by the deformed Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (SHFB) approach with the SLy5, T22, T32 and T43 interactions. It is found that the tensor force effect on the bulk properties is weak and the shell closure at N = 184 is seen evidently with these interactions by analyzing the S-2n and Q(alpha) evolutions with neutron number N. Meanwhile, the single-particle energy spectra of (298)114 are studied using the spherical SHFB approach with these interactions to furthermore examine the shell structure of the magic nucleus (298)114. It is shown that the shell structure is almost not changed by the inclusion of the tensor force in the Skyrme interactions. Finally, by examining the energy splitting of the three pairs of pseudospin partners for the protons and neutrons of (298)114, it is concluded that the pseudospin symmetry of the neutron states is preserved better than that of the proton states and not all of the pseudospin symmetries of the proton and neutron states are influenced by the tensor force.
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