| 1. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Kyle, R. A., et al.
(author)
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Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering (asymptomatic) multiple myeloma: IMWG consensus perspectives risk factors for progression and guidelines for monitoring and management
- 2010
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In: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5551 .- 0887-6924. ; 24:6, s. 1121-1127
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) was identified in 3.2% of 21 463 residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, 50 years of age or older. The risk of progression to multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, AL amyloidosis or a lymphoproliferative disorder is approximately 1% per year. Low-risk MGUS is characterized by having an M protein < 15 g/l, IgG type and a normal free light chain (FLC) ratio. Patients should be followed with serum protein electrophoresis at six months and, if stable, can be followed every 2-3 years or when symptoms suggestive of a plasma cell malignancy arise. Patients with intermediate and high-risk MGUS should be followed in 6 months and then annually for life. The risk of smoldering (asymptomatic) multiple myeloma (SMM) progressing to multiple myeloma or a related disorder is 10% per year for the first 5 years, 3% per year for the next 5 years and 1-2% per year for the next 10 years. Testing should be done 2-3 months after the initial recognition of SMM. If the results are stable, the patient should be followed every 4-6 months for 1 year and, if stable, every 6-12 months. Leukemia (2010) 24, 1121-1127; doi:10.1038/leu.2010.60; published online 22 April 2010
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| 5. |
- Kyle, RA, et al.
(author)
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Criteria for the classification of monoclonal gammopathies, multiple myeloma and related disorders: a report of the International Myeloma Working Group
- 2003
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In: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048. ; 121:5, s. 749-757
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The monoclonal gammopathies are a group of disorders associated with monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells. The characterization of specific entities is an area of difficulty in clinical practice. The International Myeloma Working Group has reviewed the criteria for diagnosis and classification with the aim of producing simple, easily used definitions based on routinely available investigations. In monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) or monoclonal gammopathy, unattributed/unassociated (MG[u]), the monoclonal protein is < 30 g/l and the bone marrow clonal cells < 10% with no evidence of multiple myeloma, other B-cell proliferative disorders or amyloidosis. In asymptomatic (smouldering) myeloma the M-protein is greater than or equal to 30 g/l and/or bone marrow clonal cells greater than or equal to 10% but no related organ or tissue impairment (ROTI)(end-organ damage), which is typically manifested by increased calcium, renal insufficiency, anaemia, or bone lesions (CRAB) attributed to the plasma cell proliferative process. Symptomatic myeloma requires evidence of ROTI. Non-secretory myeloma is characterized by the absence of an M-protein in the serum and urine, bone marrow plasmacytosis and ROTI. Solitary plasmacytoma of bone, extramedullary plasmacytoma and multiple solitary plasmacytomas (+/- recurrent) are also defined as distinct entities. The use of these criteria will facilitate comparison of therapeutic trial data. Evaluation of currently available prognostic factors may allow better definition of prognosis in multiple myeloma.
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| 6. |
- Palumbo, A., et al.
(author)
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Prevention of thalidomide- and lenalidomide-associated thrombosis in myeloma
- 2008
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In: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5551 .- 0887-6924. ; 22:2, s. 414-423
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is more than 1%omicron annually in the general population and increases further in cancer patients. The risk of VTE is higher in multiple myeloma (MM) patients who receive thalidomide or lenalidomide, especially in combination with dexamethasone or chemotherapy. Various VTE prophylaxis strategies, such as low-molecular-Weight heparin (LMWH), warfarin or aspirin, have been investigated in small, uncontrolled clinical studies. This manuscript summarizes the available evidence and recommends a prophylaxis strategy according to a risk-assessment model. Individual risk factors for thrombosis associated with thalidomide/lenalidomide-based therapy include age, history of VTE, central venous catheter, comorbidities (infections, diabetes, cardiac disease), immobilization, surgery and inherited thrombophilia. Myeloma-related risk factors include diagnosis and hyperviscosity. VTE is very high in patients who receive high-dose dexamethasone, doxorubicin or multiagent chemotherapy in combination with thalidomide or lenalidomide, but not with bortezomib. The panel recommends aspirin for patients with <= 1 risk factor for VTE. LMWH (equivalent to enoxaparin 40 mg per day) is recommended for those with two or more individual/myeloma-related risk factors. LMWH is also recommended for all patients receiving concurrent high-dose dexamethasone or doxorubicin. Full-dose warfarin targeting a therapeutic INR of 2-3 is an alternative to LMWH, although there are limited data in the literature with this strategy. In the absence of clear data from randomized studies as a foundation for recommendations, many of the following proposed strategies are the results of common sense or derive from the extrapolation of data from many studies not specifically designed to answer these questions. Further investigation is needed to define the best VTE prophylaxis.
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| 8. |
- Buchwald, Pamela, et al.
(author)
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Vitamin D in normal and pathological parathyroid glands: New prospects for treating hyperparathyroidism (Review)
- 2005
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In: International Journal of Molecular Medicine. - 1791-244X. ; 15:4, s. 701-706
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The secosteroid hormone active vitamin D [1,25(OH)(2)D-3] is a key player in the regulation of calcium homeostasis and bone mineralization. In addition, it has antiproliferative and prodifferentiating effects on various cells in vitro and in vivo. The action of 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 is mediated through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which belongs to the superfamily of steroid/thyroid hormone nuclear receptors. VDR is expressed in the intestine, bone, kidney, parathyroid glands, and in many other tissues and cell types. In the parathyroid glands, 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 markedly decreases parathyroid hormone gene transcription and parathyroid cell proliferation and induces parathyroid cell differentiation. Diminished VDR expression is frequent in parathyroid tumors and probably contributes to parathyroid tumorigenesis. The enzyme responsible for catalyzing synthesis of 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 (1 alpha-hydroxylase) has lately been demonstrated in the parathyroid glands. This indicates a new role for 1 alpha-hydroxylase as an intracrine modulator of vitamin D function in non-renal tissues, which recently has been recognized as crucial in parathyroid tumor development. The growth-inhibitory properties of 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 are prospects for treatment of hyperparathyroidism.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Jarbo, Caroline, et al.
(author)
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Detailed assessment of chromosome 22 aberrations in sporadic pheochromocytoma using array-CGH.
- 2006
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In: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 118:5, s. 1159-64
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Pheochromocytoma is a predominantly sporadic neuroendocrine tumor derived from the adrenal medulla. Previous low resolution LOH and metaphase-CGH studies reported the loss of chromosomes 1p, 3q, 17p and 22q at various frequencies. However, the molecular mechanism(s) behind development of sporadic pheochromocytoma remains largely unknown. We have applied high-resolution tiling-path microarray-CGH with the primary aim to characterize copy number imbalances affecting chromosome 22 in 66 sporadic pheochromocytomas. We detected copy number alterations on 22q at a frequency of 44%. The predominant finding was monosomy 22 (30%), followed by terminal deletions in 8 samples (12%) and a single interstitial deletion. We further applied a chromosome 1 tiling-path array in 7 tumors with terminal deletions of 22q and found deletions of 1p in all cases. Our overall results suggest that at least 2 distinct regions on both 22q and 1p are important in the tumorigenesis of sporadic pheochromocytoma. A large proportion of pheochromocytomas also displayed indications of cellular heterogeneity. Our study is to our knowledge the first array-CGH study of sporadic pheochromocytoma. Future analysis of this tumor type should preferably be performed in the context of the entire human genome using genome-wide array-CGH, which is a superior methodological approach. Supplemental material for this article can be found on the International Journal of Cancer website at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0020-7136/suppmat/index.htm
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Andreen, Niklas, et al.
(author)
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Hospital Admission Rates in Patients with COPD Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic
- 2023
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In: International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. - 1178-2005. ; 18, s. 1763-1772
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Several studies report decreased hospital admissions for acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there are no studies that compare AECOPD admissions with admissions for respiratory infections, including COVID-19. This study aimed to examine hospital admission rates for AECOPD, pneumonia, influenza, and COVID-19 among COPD patients, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Patients and Methods: We obtained anonymized data on hospital admissions of patients with COPD and a primary diagnosis code for AECOPD, pneumonia, influenza, or COVID-19, from the hospital patient admission register at a large Swedish hospital. The study compared the pandemic period (February 2020-March 2022) to a period before the pandemic (June 2017-January 2020). Sequential phases of the pandemic were evaluated separately. Monthly admission rates were compared using Poisson regression, controlling for admission month.Results: Comparing monthly admission rates during the pandemic with the prepandemic period, incidence rate ratios were 0.72 for AECOPD (95% CI 0.67-0.77; p<0.001), 0.56 for pneumonia (95% CI 0.49-0.62; p<0.001), 0.18 for influenza during the winter period (95% CI 0.10-0.30; p<0.001) and 0.79 for total COPD admissions, including COVID-19 (95% CI 0.75-0.84; p<0.001). The study showed significantly lower rate ratios for AECOPD, pneumonia, and total COPD admissions during the first, second, third, and fifth (Omicron) waves. No significant effect on admissions was seen after the withdrawal of restriction measures.Conclusion: There was a significant reduction in the overall rate of hospital admissions among COPD patients for AECOPD, pneumonia, and respiratory viral infections during the pandemic despite the rise in COVID-19 admissions. However, prepandemic admission levels returned in the post-restriction period.
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| 14. |
- Arnbjornsson, E., et al.
(author)
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Decreasing incidence of acute appendicitis, with special reference to the consumption of dietary fiber
- 1982
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In: Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 148:5, s. 461-464
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The incidence of acute appendicitis and the total number of appendectomies performed in the adult population admitted to our medical center are both decreasing. The cause is not clear. Better nutrition and the wide-spread use of antibiotics are two possible factors which come to mind, but we know of no scientific evidence that these are responsible. There has been a slight decrease in the mean dietary fiber content in the Swedish diet during the last three decades. The decreased incidence of acute appendicitis cannot therefore be correlated with an increase in the mean dietary fiber intake.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Bjarnason, A., et al.
(author)
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Incidence, etiology, and outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia: A population-based study
- 2018
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In: Open Forum Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2328-8957. ; 5:2
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. The microbial etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is often unclear in clinical practice, and previous studies have produced variable results. Population-based studies examining etiology and incidence are lacking. This study examined the incidence and etiology of CAP requiring hospitalization in a population-based cohort as well as risk factors and outcomes for specific etiologies. Methods. Consecutive admissions due to CAP in Reykjavik, Iceland were studied. Etiologic testing was performed with cultures, urine-antigen detection, and polymerase chain reaction analysis of airway samples. Outcomes were length of stay, intensive care unit admission, assisted ventilation, and mortality. Results. The inclusion rate was 95%. The incidence of CAP requiring hospitalization was 20.6 cases per 10 000 adults/year. A potential pathogen was detected in 52% (164 of 310) of admissions and in 74% (43 of 58) with complete sample sets. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common pathogen (61 of 310, 20%; incidence: 4.1/10 000). Viruses were identified in 15% (47 of 310; incidence: 3.1/10 000), Mycoplasma pneumoniae were identified in 12% (36 of 310; incidence: 2.4/10 000), and multiple pathogens were identified in 10% (30 of 310; incidence: 2.0/10 000). Recent antimicrobial therapy was associated with increased detection of M pneumoniae (P ≤ .001), whereas a lack of recent antimicrobial therapy was associated with increased detection of S pneumoniae (P = .02). Symptoms and outcomes were similar irrespective of microbial etiology. Conclusions. Pneumococci, M pneumoniae, and viruses are the most common pathogens associated with CAP requiring hospital admission, and they all have a similar incidence that increases with age. Symptoms do not correlate with specific agents, and outcomes are similar irrespective of pathogens identified. © The Author(s) 2018.
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| 17. |
- Bjarnason, A, et al.
(author)
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Utility of oropharyngeal real-time PCR for S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae for diagnosis of pneumonia in adults.
- 2017
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In: European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-4373. ; 36:3, s. 529-536
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A lack of sensitive tests and difficulties obtaining representative samples contribute to the challenge in identifying etiology in pneumonia. Upper respiratory tract swabs can be easily collected and analyzed with real-time PCR (rtPCR). Common pathogens such as S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae can both colonize and infect the respiratory tract, complicating the interpretation of positive results. Oropharyngeal swabs were collected (n=239) prospectively from adults admitted to hospital with pneumonia. Analysis with rtPCR targeting S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae was performed and results compared with sputum cultures, blood cultures, and urine antigen testing for S. pneumoniae. Different Ct cutoff values were applied to positive tests to discern colonization from infection. Comparing rtPCR with conventional testing for S. pneumoniae in patients with all tests available (n=57) resulted in: sensitivity 87%, specificity 79%, PPV 59% and NPV 94%, and for H. influenzae (n=67): sensitivity 75%, specificity 80%, PPV 45% and NPV 94%. When patients with prior antimicrobial exposure were excluded sensitivity improved: 92% for S. pneumoniae and 80% for H. influenzae. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated for S. pneumoniae: AUC=0.65 (95% CI 0.51-0.80) and for H. influenzae: AUC=0.86 (95% CI 0.72-1.00). Analysis of oropharyngeal swabs using rtPCR proved both reasonably sensitive and specific for diagnosing pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. This method may be a useful diagnostic adjunct to other methods and of special value in patients unable to provide representative lower airway samples.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Engholm, Magnus, et al.
(author)
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A structural investigation of a synthesized precursor for fiber optical applications; the heterobimetallic ErNb_2(OPr^i)_13
- 2006
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In: Optical materials (Amsterdam). - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-3467 .- 1873-1252. ; 29:4, s. 386-391
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A structural investigation of a synthesized precursor in a silica glass matrix is performed. Silica soot samples are doped with the heterobimetallic precursor ErNb2(OPri)13 by using a conventional solution doping technique and heat treatments to different temperatures. The precursor has also been introduced into a silica fiber preform by using the modified chemical vapor deposition technique. Analyses are made by using ultraviolet–visible–near infrared absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. It is concluded that an immiscible system of ErNbO4 crystallites and Nb2O5 is formed in the silica soot samples at high temperatures. Colloidal particles of ErNbO4 are also formed in the silica glass fiber preform showing interesting features.
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| 22. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Katumba, G, et al.
(author)
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Low Cost Selective Solar Absorber Coatings: Characteristics of Carbon-In-Silica Synthesized with Sol-Gel Technique
- 2005
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In: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0928-0707 .- 1573-4846. ; 36, s. 33-43
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Carbon-silica composite films have been fabricated using sol-gel synthesis of silica-carbon precursor composites, followed by carbonization in an inert atmosphere. Four categories of samples were studied. These were the tetraethyl orthosilicate-only (TEOS-only), methyl trimethoxysilane (MTES), acetic acid anhydride (Ac2O) and soot (SOOT) samples. The carbon-silica films, spin-coated on aluminium and steel substrates, have been investigated for selective solar absorber functionality. Optical measurements were performed on these samples to determine solar absorptance and thermal emittance of each. The morphology of the films was studied by electron microscopy. Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) mapping was used to determine the carbon distribution. An optimum performance of 0.88 for solar absorptance and 0.41 for thermal emittance has been achieved. The sol-gel technique produced films with very flat surfaces and uniform thicknesses in the 1 μm range. The fine structure showed homogeneous mixing of the carbon and silica in the TEOS-only samples while the separate additions of MTES and Ac2O resulted in segregation of composition of the silica and carbon at nano-scale. The addition of 20 wt% MTES or 15 wt% Ac2O to the TEOS-only sols also helped to reduce the cracks in the TEOS-only samples. The addition of soot in place of the carbon precursor did not yield a net advantage.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Ludwig, Heinz, et al.
(author)
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Myeloma in patients younger than age 50 years presents with more favorable features and shows better survival: an analysis of 10 549 patients from the International Myeloma Working Group
- 2008
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In: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 1528-0020 .- 0006-4971. ; 111:8, s. 4039-4047
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We analyzed the presenting features and survival in 1689 patients with multiple myeloma aged younger than 50 years compared with 8860 patients 50 years of age and older. Of the total 10 549 patients, 7765 received conventional therapy and 2784 received high-dose therapy. Young patients were more frequently male, had more favorable features such as low International Staging System (ISS) and Durle-Salmon stage as well as less frequently adverse prognostic factors including high C-reactive protein (CRIP), low hemoglobin, increased serum creartinine, and poor performance status. Survival was significantly longer in young patients (median, 5.2 years vs 3.7 years; P <.001) both after conventional (median, 4.5 years vs 3.3 years; P <.001) or high-dose therapy (median, 7.5 years vs 5.7 years; P =.04). The 10-year survival rate was 19% after conventional therapy and 43% after highdose therapy in young patients, and 8% and 29%, respectively, in older patients. Multivariate analysis revealed age as an independent risk factor during conventional therapy, but not after autologous transplantation. A total of 5 of the 10 independent risk factors identified for conventional therapy were also relevant for autologous transplantation. After adjusting for normal mortality, lower ISS stage and other favorable prognostic features seem to account for the significantly longer survival of young patients with multiple myeloma with age remaining a risk factor during conventional therapy.
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| 35. |
- Malmsten, M, et al.
(author)
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Adsorption of complement protein C3 at polymer surfaces
- 1996
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In: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 179, s. 163-172
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The adsorption of C3 at poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(styrene) (PS) surfaces was investigated with in situ ellipsometry and compared to that at (hydrophilic and negatively charged) silica and (hydrophobic) methylated silica. The adsorption of C3 at PMMA was higher than that at PS, while the adsorbed layer thickness was the same for the two surfaces. For both PMMA and PS the adsorbed layer thickness (10±2 nm) corresponds rather closely to that of end-on oriented C3 molecules. The adsorption of C3 at PMMA and PS was found to be intermediate between that at silica and methylated silica, although the adsorbed layer thickness was similar for all surfaces. The competitive adsorption between C3, human serum albumin (HSA), and factor B was investigated with ellipsometry and total internal reflection fluorescence spectroscopy (TIRF). Addition of HSA after C3 preadsorption resulted in fractional C3 desorption for both PMMA and PS. Factor B deposition at PS after preadsorption of C3 and blocking with HSA was found to be largely due to specific binding to C3/C3b, while in the case of PMMA, factor B was largely accumulated through passive (displacement) adsorption.
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| 36. |
- Malmsten, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Adsorption of complement protein C3 at polymer surfaces and the demonstration of a specific binding of factor B by adsorbed C3
- 1996
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In: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 179:1, s. 163-172
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The adsorption of C3 at poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(styrene) (PS) surfaces was investigated within situellipsometry and compared to that at (hydrophilic and negatively charged) silica and (hydrophobic) methylated silica. The adsorption of C3 at PMMA was higher than that at PS, while the adsorbed layer thickness was the same for the two surfaces. For both PMMA and PS the adsorbed layer thickness (10 ± 2 nm) corresponds rather closely to that of end-on oriented C3 molecules. The adsorption of C3 at PMMA and PS was found to be intermediate between that at silica and methylated silica, although the adsorbed layer thickness was similar for all surfaces. The competitive adsorption among C3, human serum albumin (HSA), and factor B was investigated with ellipsometry and total internal reflection fluorescence spectroscopy (TIRF). Addition of HSA after C3 preadsorption resulted in fractional C3 desorption for both PMMA and PS. Factor B deposition at PS after preadsorption of C3 and blocking with HSA was found to be largely due to specific binding to C3/C3b, while in the case of PMMA, factor B was largely accumulated through passive (displacement) adsorption.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Meyer-Rochow, Goswin Y., et al.
(author)
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MicroRNA profiling of benign and malignant pheochromocytomas identifies novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets
- 2010
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In: Endocrine-Related Cancer. - 1351-0088 .- 1479-6821. ; 17:3, s. 835-846
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs (similar to 22 bp) that post-transcriptionally regulate protein expression and are found to be differentially expressed in a number of human cancers. There is increasing evidence to suggest that miRNAs could be useful in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. We performed miRNA microarray expression profiling on a cohort of 12 benign and 12 malignant pheochromocytomas and identified a number of differentially expressed miRNAs. These results were validated in a separate cohort of ten benign and ten malignant samples using real-time quantitative RT-PCR; benign samples had a minimum follow-up of at least 2 years. It was found that IGF2 as well as its intronic miR-483-5p was over-expressed, while miR-15a and miR-16 were under-expressed in malignant tumours compared with benign tumours. These miRNAs were found to be diagnostic and prognostic markers for malignant pheochromocytoma. The functional role of miR-15a and miR-16 was investigated in vitro in the rat PC12 pheochromocytoma cell line, and these miRNAs were found to regulate cell proliferation via their effect on cyclin D1 and apoptosis. These data indicate that miRNAs play a pivotal role in the biology of malignant pheochromocytoma, and represent an important class of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets warranting further investigation.
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| 39. |
- Nygren, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Preparation of highly homogeneous WC-Co composites from Co coated WC grains produced by a novel solution chemical route
- 2007
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In: Journal of the American Ceramic Society. ; 90:11, s. 3449-3454
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A soln. chem. route to cobalt-coated WC-powder is described that allows for the prepn. of WC-Co powders and compacts having a carbon content very close to the desired carbon content even under an inert atm. The microstructural homogeneity in the sintered WC-Co composites when using the Co-coated grains was found to be superior as compared with conventionally mill-mixed powders, and the structural changes in the individual WC-grains were found to be much smaller, which is ascribed mainly to the fact that the coated grains do not require a grinding step leading to the formation of a tail of smaller WC grain sizes.
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| 40. |
- Pohl, A., et al.
(author)
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Porous and dense perovskite films
- 2008
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In: NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY. ; , s. 153-163
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (LSCO) and La 0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (LCMO) films were prepared by sol-gel techniques and their structural and transport properties investigated. Films were spin-coated onto (001) LaAlO3 (LAO), (001) SrTiO 3 (STO), Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si, and Al 2O3 substrates, and heated to 800C. The structural properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). SEM studies showed that the films were crack-free and adhered well to the substrates. No preferential orientation of the perovskite films was observed on Si- or Pt/TiO2/SiO 2/Si-substrates, but films deposited on LAO and STO showed good alignment with the substrate. Transport measurements of epitaxial LCMO films show maximum temperature coefficient of resistivity (TCR) of 6.1% K-1 at 241 K and colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) of 32% at 246 K. The conductivity LSCO polycrystalline film was 1.7 mcm, while a epitaxial film had a conductivity of around 1.9 mcm.
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| 41. |
- Richter, Jan Hinnerk, et al.
(author)
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Li insertion in sol-gel prepared Mn-doped TiO2 studied by electron spectroscopy in ultrahigh vacuum
- 2007
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In: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 111:8, s. 3459-3466
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The properties of a sol-gel prepared Mn-modified TiO2 film have been studied with X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) using synchrotron radiation. The chemical composition and oxidation state of the elements have been determined. The manganese content estimated by PES of the Mn-modified film is about 10% and both Mn2+ and Mn3+ are observed. Addition of Mn is found to modify the valence band edge. The Mn 3d states are found to extend about 1 eV into the TiO 2 band gap region. It is demonstrated that lithium insertion into the sol-gel film can be performed in a stepwise fashion in situ under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. Lithium is distributed evenly throughout the entire film and leads to reduction of Mn3+ to Mn2+ followed by reduction of Ti4+ to Ti3+. The XAS and PES measurements give fully consistent results regarding the amount of inserted lithium.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Segerholm, Kristoffer, et al.
(author)
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Improved durability and moisture sorption characteristics of extruded WPCs made from chemically modified wood
- 2007
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In: Proceedings from the 9th International Conference on Wood & Biofiber Plastic Composite. - : Forest Products Society.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Today, wood-plastic composites (WPC) are mainly used in outdoor applications (e.g. as replacement for traditional preservative-treated wood). In such environments, moisture sorption combined with temperature induced movements of the polymer matrix may cause macroscopic dimensional changes and distortion (e.g. warping, cupping, and bowing of the composite boards as well as microscopic wood polymer interfacial cracks). Moisture uptake (diffusion/capillary penetration) in the composite also makes the wood component more susceptible for fungal growth and decay. Furthermore, the durability of the composite product may be further decreased by UV degradation effects. By using a modified wood component which is less hygroscopic, these problems could be minimized or entirely avoided. The objective of this work is to study the moisture sensitivity of WPCs made from modified wood and the effects of moisture sorption on the composites micromorphology, wood polymer interfacial behavior, and durability. The three modification methods used in this work are acetylation, furfurylation, and heat treatment. The technique used for studying the composite micromorphology was based on LV-SEM (low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy) combined with a specially designed specimen preparation technique by UV-laser ablation. Results show that wetting and drying of WPCs result in severe inner micro-cracks and interfacial debonding. These effects are, however, greatly reduced for WPCs made from the modified wood used in this study. In addition, the resistance to decay by fungi of such WPCs is significantly improved.
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| 46. |
- Svedman, S., et al.
(author)
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Longer duration of operative time enhances healing metabolites and improves patient outcome after Achilles tendon rupture surgery
- 2018
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In: Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0942-2056 .- 1433-7347. ; 26:7, s. 2011-2020
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The relationship between the duration of operative time (DOT), healing response and patient outcome has not been previously investigated. An enhanced healing response related to DOT may potentiate repair processes, especially in hypovascular and sparsely metabolized musculoskeletal tissues such as tendons. This study aimed to investigate the association between DOT and the metabolic healing response, patient-reported outcome and the rate of post-operative complications after acute Achilles tendon injury. Observational cohort, cross-sectional study with observers blinded to patient grouping. A total of two-hundred and fifty-six prospectively randomized patients (210 men, 46 women; mean age 41 years) with an acute total Achilles tendon rupture all operated on with uniform anaesthetic and surgical technique were retrospectively assessed. At 2 weeks post-operatively, six metabolites were quantified using microdialysis. At 3, 6 and 12 months, patient-reported pain, walking ability and physical activity were examined using self-reported questionnaires, Achilles tendon total rupture score, foot and ankle outcome score and physical activity scale. At 12 months, functional outcome was assessed using the heel-rise test. Complications, such as deep venous thrombosis, infections and re-operations, were recorded throughout the study. Patients who underwent longer DOT exhibited higher levels of glutamate (p = 0.026) and glycerol (p = 0.023) at 2 weeks. At the 1-year follow-up, longer DOT was associated with significantly less loss in physical activity (p = 0.003), less pain (p = 0.009), less walking limitations (p = 0.022) and better functional outcome (p = 0.014). DOT did not significantly correlate with the rate of adverse events, such as deep venous thrombosis, infections or re-ruptures. Higher glutamate levels were associated with less loss in physical activity (p = 0.017). All correlations were confirmed by multiple linear regressions taking confounding factors into consideration. The results from this study suggest a previously unknown mechanism, increased metabolic response associated with longer DOT, which may improve patient outcome after Achilles tendon rupture surgery. Allowing for a higher amount of traumatized tissue, as reflected by up-regulation of glycerol in patients with longer DOT, may prove to be an important surgical tip for stimulation of repair of hypometabolic soft tissue injuries, such as Achilles tendon ruptures.
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| 47. |
- Söderholm, Jonas, 1978, et al.
(author)
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Impact of Soluble CD26 on Treatment Outcome and Hepatitis C Virus-Specific T Cells in Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 Infection
- 2013
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In: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Interferon and ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection yields sustained virological response (SVR) rates of 50–80%. Several factors such as non-1 genotype, beneficial IL28B genetic variants, low baseline IP-10, and the functionality of HCV-specific T cells predict SVR. With the pending introduction of new therapies for HCV entailing very rapid clearance of plasma HCV RNA, the importance of baseline biomarkers likely will increase in order to tailor therapy. CD26 (DPPIV) truncates the chemokine IP-10 into a shorter antagonistic form, and this truncation of IP-10 has been suggested to influence treatment outcome in patients with chronic HCV infection patients. In addition, previous reports have shown CD26 to be a co-stimulator for T cells. The aim of the present study was to assess the utility of CD26 as a biomarker for treatment outcome in chronic hepatitis C and to define its association with HCV-specific T cells. Methods Baseline plasma from 153 genotype 1 and 58 genotype 2/3 infected patients enrolled in an international multicenter phase III trial (DITTO-HCV) and 36 genotype 1 infected patients participating in a Swedish trial (TTG1) were evaluated regarding baseline soluble CD26 (sCD26) and the functionality of HCV-specific CD8+ T cells. Results Genotype 1 infected patients achieving SVR in the DITTO (P = 0.002) and the TTG1 (P = 0.02) studies had lower pretreatment sCD26 concentrations compared with non-SVR patients. Sixty-five percent of patients with sCD26 concentrations below 600 ng/mL achieved SVR compared with 39% of the patients with sCD26 exceeding 600 ng/mL (P = 0.01). Patients with sCD26 concentrations below 600 ng/mL had significantly higher frequencies of HCV-specific CD8+ T cells (P = 0.02). Conclusions Low baseline systemic concentrations of sCD26 predict favorable treatment outcome in chronic HCV infection and may be associated with higher blood counts of HCV-specific CD8+ T cells.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Wang, C., et al.
(author)
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Experimental investigation of hydrochar injection to the blast furnace
- 2019
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In: AISTech - Iron and Steel Technology Conference Proceedings. - : Association for Iron and Steel Technology, AISTECH. ; , s. 531-536
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- For an integrated steel plant, the blast furnace (BF) is the most energy intensive process unit in which coke and pulverized coal (PC) are used as reducing agents and energy carriers, leading to huge amount of fossil CO2 emission. Recent years, the steel industry has been putting much effort to reduce CO2 emissions especially for BFs. Biofuel is considered as one shortterm solution for CO2 emission reduction especially via the tuyere injection into BFs to replace PC. Much work has been carried out to inject wood charcoal in BFs due to the fact that the wood charcoal has the similar properties as PC [1]. However, the availability of forestry wood and high price of wood charcoal limit the charcoal’s utilization in BFs. So far, the charcoal injection is only realized in small scale BFs in Brazil.
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| 50. |
- Westin, G, et al.
(author)
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Preparation and optical studies of Er-doped Al-Si-Ti oxide glasses using the ErAl3(OPr^i)12 isolated Er-ion precursor
- 2000
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In: Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. - 0022-3697. ; 61, s. 67-74
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have investigated the possibility of avoiding formation of Er-rich oxide clusters in ErAl3O6–TiO2–SiO2 glassy films.Samples containing 0.5, 1 and 3 mol% Er31 were prepared using a precursor with a single, isolated Er-ion, ErAl3(OPri)12, in the metal–organic sol–gel route. The thermal decomposition of the gel films to form amorphous oxide films was studied by thermogravimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction and by means of a transmission electron microscope, equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer. The microscopy studies of the oxide films obtained after2 h at 9008C showed that they were amorphous and free of Er-rich clusters. The optical and vibrational properties of the glasses were studied using FT-IR, Raman scattering and luminescence spectroscopy. The samples exhibit luminescence both in the visible and IR under excitation of the 514.5 and 488 nm Ar1 laser lines. The emission around 1.5 mm was maximum for the 1 mol% sample. The results show that the preparation technique can produce samples with an unusually large amount of Er doping, before Er-clustering induced quenching of the luminescence appears. Up-converted emission was also detected around 21 000 and 24 500 cm21.
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