| 1. |
- Fahlén-Yrlid, Linda, 1973, et al.
(author)
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CD11c(high )dendritic cells are essential for activation of CD4+ T cells and generation of specific antibodies following mucosal immunization.
- 2009
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In: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). - : The American Association of Immunologists. - 1550-6606 .- 0022-1767. ; 183:8, s. 5032-41
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To generate vaccines that protect mucosal surfaces, a better understanding of the cells required in vivo for activation of the adaptive immune response following mucosal immunization is required. CD11c(high) conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) have been shown to be necessary for activation of naive CD8(+) T cells in vivo, but the role of cDCs in CD4(+) T cell activation is still unclear, especially at mucosal surfaces. The activation of naive Ag-specific CD4(+) T cells and the generation of Abs following mucosal administration of Ag with or without the potent mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin were therefore analyzed in mice depleted of CD11c(high) cDCs. Our results show that cDCs are absolutely required for activation of CD4(+) T cells after oral and nasal immunization. Ag-specific IgG titers in serum, as well as Ag-specific intestinal IgA, were completely abrogated after feeding mice OVA and cholera toxin. However, giving a very high dose of Ag, 30-fold more than required to detect T cell proliferation, to cDC-ablated mice resulted in proliferation of Ag-specific CD4(+) T cells. This proliferation was not inhibited by additional depletion of plasmacytoid DCs or in cDC-depleted mice whose B cells were MHC-II deficient. This study therefore demonstrates that cDCs are required for successful mucosal immunization, unless a very high dose of Ag is administered.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Alatalo, Tarja, 1961-, et al.
(author)
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Förskollärares uppfattningar om högläsningens potential som skriftspråksutvecklande pedagogik
- 2016
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Forskning visar att läsning i olika genrer och sagoberättande anses vara ett av de bästa redskapen för att stärka barns språkliga utveckling (Svensson, 2005). Man har sett att förskollärare ofta läser främst för att skapa lugn och ro och att ha en trevlig stund tillsammans (t.ex. Eskebaek, Basse & Sehestad, 2008).Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka förskollärares uppfattningar om vad som är god pedagogik i samband med högläsning och vad man grundar sina uppfattningar på. Följande forskningsfrågor är centrala: Vilka pedagogiska möjligheter beskriver lärare gällande högläsning? Vilka argument används för att underbygga egna uppfattningar om god pedagogik i samband med högläsning? Med vilken medvetenhet talar förskollärare om barns (skrift)språkliga utveckling?Studien genomförs med fokusgruppmetod. Studiens fokus är lärarnas samtal med varandra om olika aktiviteter i förskolverksamheten. Tre fokusgrupper med fem förskollärare i varje genomfördes. Fokusgrupperna samtalade utifrån filmavsnitt från högläsning samt korta intervjuer om högläsarens val av bok och lässtrategier.Samtalsanalysen bygger på riktlinjer som gäller för hur man arbetar med fokusgrupper (t.ex. Wibeck, 2000). I analysen söks efter underliggande teman enligt Bernard och Ryans (2003) modell för kvalitativ analys. Tre analysenheter används: individnivå, gruppnivå och jämförd gruppnivå. För att urskilja graden av olika metaspråk i samtalen används Naeslunds (1997) analysmodell i tre steg (oreflekterat vardagsspråk, facktermer, metaspråk med förklaringsmodeller och utredande resonemang).Mycket preliminära resultat indikerar följande:Högläsning är ett viktigt redskap för organisering av vardagenHögläsning har minskat eftersom mycket annat ska få plats i verksamhetenLärarens intresse är avgörande för om det läses och för kvaliteten i läshändelsenHögläsning ses som särskilt viktigt för andraspråkslärandeHögläsning av faktatext är inte vanligt förekommande i alla förskolorMysfaktor, pedagogiskt redskap och temaarbete framkommer som läsningens syftenDet är inte självklart att högläsning ses som en pedagogik för språkutveckling
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| 4. |
- Berg, Lars-Erik, et al.
(author)
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Introduktion av värmekameror i undervisningen vid Lillerudsgymnasiet
- 2020
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Vi har bedrivit en forskningscirkel med syfte att utvärdera värmekameran som visualiseringsteknik i olika ämnen på naturbruksprogrammet genom att planera, genomföra och reflektera kring lektionsupplägg, där elever har fått möjlighet att använda värmekameror med olika grad av styrning. Resultatet visar att värmekameran har många skilda tillämpningsområden inom lantbruk och djurhållning och kan användas i undervisningen som ett verktyg för elevers praktiska undersökningar av t.ex. djurs fysiologi, eller som ett mätinstrument då tillfälle ges, t.ex. för att studera juverbölder hos suggor eller temperaturökning när en skruv tar fel gäng. En utmaning i undervisningen är att finna en balans mellan öppenhet och styrning, där eleverna upplever att de har möjlighet att undersöka fenomen de själva är intresserade av, men utifrån ett etablerat, systematiskt arbetssätt. Sammanfattningsvis har vi upplevt användning av värmekameror som ett effektivt och intresseväckande sätt att konkretisera och individanpassa undervisningen på naturbruksprogrammet, vilket vi kan rekommendera andra lärare att prova.
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| 5. |
- Fernström, Anna-Linnea, et al.
(author)
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Stress in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) subjected to long-distance transport and simulated transport housing conditions
- 2008
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In: Stress. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1025-3890 .- 1607-8888. ; 11:6, s. 467-476
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The stress associated with transportation of non-human primates used in scientific research is an important but almost unexplored part of laboratory animal husbandry. The procedures and routines concerning transport are not only important for the animals' physical health but also for their mental health as well. The transport stress in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) was studied in two experiments. In Experiment 1, 25 adult female cynomolgus monkeys were divided into five groups of five animals each that received different diets during the transport phase of the experiment. All animals were transported in conventional single animal transport cages with no visual or tactile contact with conspecifics. The animals were transported by lorry for 24 h at ambient temperatures ranging between 20 degrees C and 35 degrees C. Urine produced before, during and after transport was collected and analysed for cortisol by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All monkeys exhibited a significant increase in cortisol excretion per time unit during the transport and on the first day following transport.Although anecdotal reports concerning diet during transport, including the provision of fruits and/or a tranquiliser, was thought likely to influence stress responses, these were not corrobated by the present study. In Experiment 2, behavioural data were collected from 18 cynomolgus macaques before and after transfer from group cages to either single or pair housing, and also before and after a simulated transport, in which the animals were housed in transport cages. The single housed monkeys were confined to single transport cages and the pair housed monkeys were kept in their pairs in double size cages. Both pair housed and singly housed monkeys showed clear behavioural signs of stress soon after their transfer out of their group cages.However, stress-associated behaviours were more prevalent in singly housed animals than in pair housed animals, and these behaviours persisted for a longer time after the simulated transport housing event than in the pair housed monkeys. Our data confirm that the transport of cynomolgus monkeys is stressful and suggest that it would be beneficial for the cynomolgus monkeys to be housed and transported in compatible pairs from the time they leave their group cages at the source country breeding facility until they arrive at their final laboratory destination in the country of use.
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| 6. |
- Haglund, Jesper, 1973-, et al.
(author)
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Upper-secondary students' use of infrared cameras in the study of animals' temperature
- 2022
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In: Thermal cameras in science education. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030852887 ; , s. 111-126
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to provide insight into how students may use infrared cameras in inquiry-based investigation of animals’ temperature. Upper-secondary students at the vocational Natural Resource Use programme in Sweden were given the open-ended task to design and conduct an investigation of animals’ temperature with the help of an infrared camera. Video data from two groups of students are analysed. One group of students specialise in natural sciences and focused on differences in temperature of horses’ legs. They adopted a focus on the process of thermal regulation in their explanations of differences in temperature, due to e.g. inflammations and limitation of blood flow in cold conditions, and were excited to find alternative explanations when initial predictions were not confirmed. In contrast, a group of students that do not specialise in natural sciences explained differences in ear temperature between rabbits as due to structural characteristics of the individual animals, e.g. differences in size, and had difficulties handling the situation when their predictions were not confirmed. Infrared cameras were found to be useful for inquiry into animal physiology, among students with different levels of science knowledge.
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| 7. |
- Jonsson, Anna-Paula, 1982-
(author)
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Sustainable tourism development : Social sustainability, planning and strategic development for better cities
- 2022
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The main goal of this thesis has been to contribute towards improved understanding of how cities can influence tourism development. A great deal of earlier tourism studies has been concerned with aspects of social sustainability. This has naturally concentrated on potential as well as real anomalies and conflicts related to urban tourism. Inherent in many of such contributions is a dichotomy consisting of residents and social sustainability on the one hand, and negative impacts of tourism development (e.g. overtourism) on the other. Research and practice have over time gravitated towards an increased focus on how urban tourism development contributes to desired social impact. This has led to new perspectives in both policy contexts and tourism research. Perspectives for how to manage tourism to mitigate negative impact are therefore being complemented by new, more strategic, questions about how tourism can contribute towards urban development goals. Such questions, together with evidence that tourism development and urban development are mutually constitutive processes, motivate integrating policies that influence tourism into processes of urban planning. The research in this thesis has sought to contribute towards this emerging space by studying the intersections of tourism development and urban development and planning. The research questions that have emerged from this goal relate to the decision and policy making that take place in processes of urban planning when they intersect (necessarily or potentially) with tourism development. The thesis comprises one cover essay and two research articles. The first article is based on a single case-study of a new urban development in one of the most visited places of Stockholm. The other article is a comparative case-study of Vienna and Amsterdam that studies policy development and practices for sustainable tourism developments. Data was collected primarily through semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from municipalities, academia and Destination Management Organizations in respective city. Results suggest that there are important variations in how different stages of tourism development and corresponding impact influence policy making and vice-versa. The cases studied suggest that strategic choices for sustainable tourism development are available up to a certain point. If negative impact on factors related to social sustainability are excessive, policy making aimed at influencing tourism development becomes constrained mainly to mitigating impact. Given the intersection of planning theory and tourism studies in this thesis, it can be considered a cross-disciplinary research project. Similarly, the results can hopefully contribute to a development of the understanding of how planning theory and tourism studies intersect in theories of both schools of thought.
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| 8. |
- Karlsson, Göran, et al.
(author)
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Measuring asthma patient satisfaction in Sweden using partial least squares
- 2004
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In: International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance. - : Emerald. - 0952-6862. ; 17:4-5, s. 221-229
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Examines the relationships between different aspects involved in asthma treatment. Analyses each aspect's impact on overall patient satisfaction with asthma treatment. Also studies how outcome variables such as compliance with physician's recommendations, health-related quality of life and resource use are affected by the degree of patient satisfaction. The results refer to asthma patients as a group but not necessarily to each patient as an individual. The statistical technique applied for this analysis is partial least squares. Tests the suggested generic model on 599 respondents from a questionnaire survey. The structure of the suggested model is well supported by the data.
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| 9. |
- Kylberg, Elisabeth, et al.
(author)
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Amning i dag
- 2009. - 1
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Book (other academic/artistic)
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Lundgren, Anna, 1968-
(author)
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The Openness Buzz : A Study of Openness in Planning, Politics and Political Decision-Making in Sweden from an Institutional Perspective
- 2017
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In today’s society of increased globalization and digitalization openness has become a buzzword. This raises questions about what we mean by openness and how it is interpreted in various contexts. This thesis has two aims; to explore how openness is interpreted in planning, politics and political decision-making, and to develop an analytical tool to assess openness in different contexts. A new institutional theory framework that centers on the interplay between institutions and actors has been used, and three empirical case studies in a Swedish context were conducted to analyze how openness is interpreted in planning in metropolitan regions, in politics through the political parties and in political decision-making in the Stockholm region. The research concludes that openness in planning, politics and political decision-making is interpreted along two inter-linked narrative lines: ’openness to people’ and ’openness to knowledge, information and ideas’. It was more common to talk about peoples’ accessibility to public services and participation in different parts of society (’openness to people’) than to talk about issues of transparency and ’openness to knowledge, information and ideas’. The institutional framework shows how openness is interpreted at different institutional levels. To what degree openness is expressed at different institutional levels vary by context. In planning for instance, openness is mainly interpreted in terms of governance, whereas in politics and political decision-making, openness is interpreted in an inter-play between culture and norms, institutions, governance and practice. The institutional framework complementary context-specific theories and elaborated into an analytical model, was found useful to explain what mechanisms are at play when dealing with openness in planning, politics and political decision-making, and can be applicable in future research of openness in other geographical or organizational contexts.
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| 12. |
- Lundgren, Anna, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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The openness buzz in the knowledge economy : Towards taxonomy
- 2017
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In: Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space. - United Kingdom : Sage Publications. - 2399-6544 .- 2399-6552 .- 0263-774X .- 1472-3425. ; 35:6, s. 975-989
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the networked information and knowledge-based economy and society, the notions of ‘open’ and ‘openness’ are used in a variety of contexts; open source, open access, open economy, open government, open innovation – just to name a few. This paper aims at discussing openness and developing a taxonomy that may be used to analyse the concept of openness. Are there different qualities of openness? How are these qualities interrelated? What analytical tools may be used to understand openness? In this paper four qualities of openness recurrent in literature and debate are explored: accessibility, transparency, participation and sharing. To further analyse openness new institutional theory as interpreted by Williamson (2000) is used, encompassing four different institutional levels; cultural embeddedness, institutional environment, governance structure and resource allocations. At what institutional levels is openness supported and/or constrained? Accessibility as a quality of openness seems to have a particularly strong relation to the other qualities of openness, whereas the notions of sharing and collaborative economics seem to be the most complex and contested quality of openness in the knowledge-based economy. This research contributes to academia, policy and governance, as handling of challenges with regard to openness vs. closure in different contexts, territorial, institutional and/or organizational, demand not only a better understanding of the concept, but also tools for analysis.
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| 13. |
- Nore, Beston F, et al.
(author)
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Identification of phosphorylation sites within the SH3 domains of Tec family tyrosine kinases
- 2003
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In: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. - 0006-3002 .- 1878-2434. ; 1645:2, s. 123-132
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Tec family protein tyrosine kinases (TFKs) play a central role in hematopoietic cellular signaling. Initial activation takes place through specific tyrosine phosphorylation situated in the activation loop. Further activation occurs within the SH3 domain via a transphosphorylation mechanism, which for Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) affects tyrosine 223. We found that TFKs phosphorylate preferentially their own SH3 domains, but differentially phosphorylate other member family SH3 domains, whereas non-related SH3 domains are not phosphorylated. We demonstrate that SH3 domains are good and reliable substrates. We observe that transphosphorylation is selective not only for SH3 domains, but also for dual SH3SH2 domains. However, the dual domain is phosphorylated more effectively. The major phosphorylation sites were identified as conserved tyrosines, for Itk Y180 and for Bmx Y215, both sites being homologous to the Y223 site in Btk. There is, however, one exception because the Tec-SH3 domain is phosphorylated at a non-homologous site, nevertheless a conserved tyrosine, Y206. Consistent with these findings, the 3D structures for SH3 domains point out that these phosphorylated tyrosines are located on the ligand-binding surface. Because a number of Tec family kinases are coexpressed in cells, it is possible that they could regulate the activity of each other through transphosphorylation.
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| 14. |
- Rex, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Coworking and local development outside metropolitan areas in Sweden
- 2024
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In: Journal of Rural Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0743-0167 .- 1873-1392. ; 105
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Through a mixed methods approach, this paper explores how coworking as a phenomenon manifests itself in Sweden, and, using the foundations of agglomeration economy theory as a lens, discusses what impact the occurrence of coworking spaces might have on local and regional development in Sweden's rural regions.Our findings show that the occurrence of coworking providers in Sweden is much more widespread than previously known, as there are far more spaces than popular aggregation sites suggest -our study found that for Sweden they only show 14-18 percent of the actual number of spaces available. In our interviews with members and owners, we used Duranton and Puga's (2004) pillars for agglomeration as a sorting mechanism, which showed that sentiments that fit the themes "matching", "sharing" and "learning" crop up frequently when respondents explain their experiences. There is reason to go forward from this first, small study to explore how agglomeration economies at the micro level may influence surrounding society and regional economic growth in rural regions.We argue that the emergence of these spaces in rural regions might be a factor in the development of local economies by enabling agglomeration economies at the micro level. We also make the suggestion that gaining accurate information about the number and characteristics of coworking spaces in rural regions will allow for better informed policy decisions and labor market legislation when it comes to regional development.
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| 15. |
- Westlund, Elin, 1981-
(author)
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Drawing Science : Visual Content Formation in Young Students’ Multimodal Science Compositions
- 2022
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis explores visual formation of science content in young students’ multimodal text-image compositions. In doing so, it also contributes a metalanguage for visual meaning-making about science content in the early school years. Using social semiotic theory, the images and image-text relations of 93 multimodal compositions made by eight-year-old students as part of their science education were analysed. The results show that young students’ visual formation of science content in their text-image compositions is diverse and often complex. The thesis introduces seven types of content representation: theory, natural experience, event, art, person, attitude-evoking, and cultural heritage. These are usually combined with some of the other types. An in-depth analysis of these combinations suggests that the representations do not carry the same weight in creating a coherent multimodal science composition – they either function as the main representation or as a modifier. Mapping students’ representations in relation to teaching also indicates the impact teaching has on students’ visual formation of science content. Furthermore, a broadened analysis provided insights into three types of functions that aesthetics have for visual formation of science content. Each of these fulfils a set of values that makes it more or less aligned with the norms of science. The types correspond to a classic science norm, an extended science norm, and an artistic norm, respectively. Finally, the discussion outlines the implications of the results for teaching and learning. The results are discussed in relation to a broadened focus on content in literacy teaching during the early school years, followed by a discussion on how contributed metalanguage and methodology could function as tools for explicit teaching and assessment, and representations as tools for understanding. In conclusion, the thesis provides a flexible addition to the toolbox for students, teachers and researchers interested in how meaning-making about science content during the early school years works in relation to knowledge and norms.
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| 16. |
- Westlund, Robert, et al.
(author)
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Grafting liquid crystalline polymers from cellulose substrates using atom transfer radical polymerization
- 2007
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In: Soft Matter. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1744-683X .- 1744-6848. ; 3:7, s. 866-871
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Immobilizing liquid crystalline polymers on cellulose generates new possibilities of accomplishing addressable/ responsive bio-based substrates. In this paper we report on our first steps to combine the electro-optic properties of liquid crystals with the versatility of paper as a displaying substrate. Electric current or magnetic fields can be used to manipulate the orientation of liquid crystals and thereby change the appearance and the properties of the material. Atom transfer radical polymerization ( ATRP) can be used successfully to graft polymers from solid substrates in a controlled manner. In this study it is shown that the grafting of a liquid crystalline monomer, 11-(4'-cyanophenyl-4 ''-phenoxy) undecyl acrylate, onto cellulose by ATRP is possible, and that thicker films can be obtained by using PMA as a spacer in between the cellulose and the liquid crystalline block. The cellulose fibers become highly hydrophobic subsequent to grafting and the liquid crystalline polymer possesses mesophases accessible for further processing.
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| 17. |
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