| 1. |
- Arriola-Rios, Veronica E., et al.
(author)
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Modeling of Deformable Objects for Robotic Manipulation : A Tutorial and Review
- 2020
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In: Frontiers in Robotics and AI. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-9144. ; 7
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Manipulation of deformable objects has given rise to an important set of open problems in the field of robotics. Application areas include robotic surgery, household robotics, manufacturing, logistics, and agriculture, to name a few. Related research problems span modeling and estimation of an object's shape, estimation of an object's material properties, such as elasticity and plasticity, object tracking and state estimation during manipulation, and manipulation planning and control. In this survey article, we start by providing a tutorial on foundational aspects of models of shape and shape dynamics. We then use this as the basis for a review of existing work on learning and estimation of these models and on motion planning and control to achieve desired deformations. We also discuss potential future lines of work.
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| 2. |
- Güler, Püren, 1987-
(author)
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Learning Object Properties From Manipulation for Manipulation
- 2017
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The world contains objects with various properties - rigid, granular, liquid, elastic or plastic. As humans, while interacting with the objects, we plan our manipulation by considering their properties. For instance, while holding a rigid object such as a brick, we adapt our grasp based on its centre of mass not to drop it. On the other hand while manipulating a deformable object, we may consider additional properties to the centre of mass such elasticity, brittleness etc. for grasp stability. Therefore, knowing object properties is an integral part of skilled manipulation of objects. For manipulating objects skillfully, robots should be able to predict the object properties as humans do. To predict the properties, interactions with objects are essential. These interactions give rise distinct sensory signals that contains information about the object properties. The signals coming from a single sensory modality may give ambiguous information or noisy measurements. Hence, by integrating multi-sensory modalities (vision, touch, audio or proprioceptive), a manipulated object can be observed from different aspects and this can decrease the uncertainty in the observed properties. By analyzing the perceived sensory signals, a robot reasons about the object properties and adjusts its manipulation based on this information. During this adjustment, the robot can make use of a simulation model to predict the object behavior to plan the next action. For instance, if an object is assumed to be rigid before interaction and exhibit deformable behavior after interaction, an internal simulation model can be used to predict the load force exerted on the object, so that appropriate manipulation can be planned in the next action. Thus, learning about object properties can be defined as an active procedure. The robot explores the object properties actively and purposefully by interacting with the object, and adjusting its manipulation based on the sensory information and predicted object behavior through an internal simulation model.This thesis investigates the necessary mechanisms that we mentioned above to learn object properties: (i) multi-sensory information, (ii) simulation and (iii) active exploration. In particular, we investigate these three mechanisms that represent different and complementary ways of extracting a certain object property, the deformability of objects. Firstly, we investigate the feasibility of using visual and/or tactile data to classify the content of a container based on the deformation observed when a robotic hand squeezes and deforms the container. According to our result, both visual and tactile sensory data individually give high accuracy rates while classifying the content type based on the deformation. Next, we investigate the usage of a simulation model to estimate the object deformability that is revealed through a manipulation. The proposed method identify accurately the deformability of the test objects in synthetic and real-world data. Finally, we investigate the integration of the deformation simulation in a robotic active perception framework to extract the heterogenous deformability properties of an environment through physical interactions. In the experiments that we apply on real-world objects, we illustrate that the active perception framework can map the heterogeneous deformability properties of a surface.
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| 3. |
- Wyatt, Jeremy L., et al.
(author)
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Self-Understanding and Self-Extension : A Systems and Representational Approach
- 2010
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In: IEEE T AUTON MENT DE. - 1943-0604. ; 2:4, s. 282-303
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There are many different approaches to building a system that can engage in autonomous mental development. In this paper, we present an approach based on what we term self-understanding, by which we mean the explicit representation of and reasoning about what a system does and does not know, and how that knowledge changes under action. We present an architecture and a set of representations used in two robot systems that exhibit a limited degree of autonomous mental development, which we term self-extension. The contributions include: representations of gaps and uncertainty for specific kinds of knowledge, and a goal management and planning system for setting and achieving learning goals.
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