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1.
  • Femenias, Paula, 1966, et al. (author)
  • Från omfattande till varsam renovering
  • 2019
  • In: Hållbar renovering ur ett helhetsperspektiv: En antologi från forskningsmiljön SIRen. - 9789188722652 ; , s. 47-54
  • Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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3.
  • Säwén, Toivo, 1993 (author)
  • Early Stage Architectural Design Practice Perspectives on Life Cycle Building Performance Assessment
  • 2023
  • Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Architectural practitioners can avoid negative social and environmental impacts of new construction by making decisions supported by impact quantification during design processes. However, most software tools developed for such quantification see little use in practice, especially in early design stages when decisions have the greatest influence. To identify ways for software developers to overcome this situation, a thorough literature meta-review of previously performed tool reviews was combined with interviews applying a practice lens. The first key finding is that a possible explanation for the low tool uptake in practice could be a missing practice perspective in previous tool development efforts. In a literature meta-review of publications on life cycle building performance tools identifying previously applied perspectives, most previous tool reviews were found to support tool development and selection, while disregarding how tools can be integrated in existing practices and design processes.  As a proposed solution, a framework for defining software requirements using a practice perspective was developed. The second key finding is that a practice perspective could be applied during software development by implementing qualitative methodologies. Nine architectural practitioners in Sweden, Norway and France were interviewed using the interview to the double, a projective technique in which the interviewee is asked to describe their next workday in detail so that their tasks can be assumed by an imagined body double. The design activities described by the respondents were sequenced into user narratives which could serve as starting points for participatory software development processes within the architectural practice. The outcomes - a proposed framework for practice-centric software requirements, and a proposed methodology for collecting these requirements using a practice lens - indicate a research direction toward software development efforts which aligns with design process, architectural practice, and tool user needs. In the next stage of the research this direction will be pursued through application of the developed methodologies in participatory development case studies in early-stage architectural design practice.
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4.
  • Billger, Monica, 1961 (author)
  • Färg, ljus och rumslig dynamik
  • 2014
  • In: Färg & Ljus för människan i rummet. - 9789173336536 ; , s. 201-219
  • Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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5.
  • Hagbert, Pernilla, et al. (author)
  • Paradoxes and possibilities for a 'green' housing sector : A swedish case
  • 2013
  • In: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 5:5, s. 2018-2035
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • As global and local visions for sustainable living environments are increasingly supported by policies and concrete practices in construction, the building and housing sector is seeking to mitigate its environmental impact as well as assume a greater social responsibility. The overarching policy objectives set to concretize what a sustainable housing development entails, however, tend to rely on equivocal terminology, allowing a varied interpretation by key industry practitioners. Though in line with an ecological modernization paradigm in policy, the promotion of a market-driven environmentalism in housing faces multiple challenges as varying interests and perspectives collide. Supported by empirical findings of a semi-structured interview study conducted with housing developers in a new =green' urban district in Göteborg, Sweden, theoretical frameworks surrounding the paradoxical path towards a sustainable housing development are presented. Inconsistencies between outspoken ambitions; social dimensions; and the framing of efficiency in new housing are discussed. Possibilities for the housing sector are given in the recognition of new forms of development, where a systemic perspective is required in the alignment between how industry, policy and the market perceives housing development and what is actually sustainable. 
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6.
  • Hellwig, Runa T., et al. (author)
  • The potential of the adaptive thermal comfort concept in long-term actively conditioned buildings for improved energy performance and user wellbeing
  • 2020
  • In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. - : IOP Publishing. - 1755-1307 .- 1755-1315. ; 588:3
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Technological progress in conditioning practice combined with prevailing thermal comfort criteria, created stable, tightly controlled indoor temperature bands. Research shows indoor temperatures to be increasing in the heating period, leading to higher building energy use than planned. Field studies provide proof that occupants not in control of their indoor climate are more dissatisfied and report problems in wellbeing. Widening temperature bands could be an effective measure leading to energy conservation, increasing satisfaction and, as shown recently, helping to mitigate health problems related to our way of life. The adaptive approach to thermal comfort postulates that people's thermal comfort perception adapts to the indoor and outdoor climatic conditions they normally experience. However, according to standards, the adaptive model is applicable only to passively conditioned (free-running) buildings, even though the adaptive principles may well apply also to actively conditioned buildings. Our review found studies demonstrating positive health effects and energy conservation potential in permanently or seasonally conditioned buildings. On this basis, the potential of the adaptive approach and translations into concrete design or operation solutions for actively conditioned buildings are discussed in this paper. We conclude that the adaptive concept offers a potential for indoor climate control in actively conditioned buildings in the temperate and cold climates.
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7.
  • Johansson, Pär, 1986, et al. (author)
  • Aerogelbaserad puts för energieffektivisering av äldre och kulturhistoriskt värdefulla byggnader (webinar)
  • 2021
  • Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • I denna webinar i samarbete med Energimyndighetens program Spara och Bevara introduceras aerogelbaserad puts och vi beskriver hur materialet kan bidra till renovering och energieffektivisering. I webinariet presenteras också helt färska forskningsresultat. Många äldre byggnader är svåra att renovera för att uppnå en god energibesparing. Detta gäller speciellt för kulturhistoriska byggnader där det finns begränsningar i möjliga praktiska och tekniska lösningar. Byggnadernas karaktärsdrag, begränsningar i tillåten väggtjocklek i bygglov och risker for fuktrelaterade skador är bara några exempel. I ett forskningsprojekt på Chalmers studeras en ny typ av isolerande puts. Denna puts är baserad på aerogelpartiklar som möjliggör fler tekniska lösningar vid renovering och energieffektivisering än konventionell puts. Aerogelbaserad puts är kalk- eller cementbaserad och innehåller aerogel som är ett superisolerande material. Dess värmekonduktivitet är under 0,020 W/m·K, ungefär hälften av mineralullsisolering. Aerogelpartiklarna ger den aerogelbaserade putsen isolerande egenskaper jämförbara med konventionella isoleringsmaterial. Förutom bättre isolerande egenskaper jämfört med vanlig puts är den aerogelbaserade putsen fuktdiffusionsöppen och har en hög fuktkapacitet. Detta är fördelaktiga egenskaper för att uppnå en fuktsäker konstruktion. Aerogelbaserad puts kan vara en del av lösningen på utmaningarna för att renovera kulturhistoriska byggnader, utan att förvanska utseendet, samtidigt som tjockleken på isoleringen kan minska. Nu utvärderas materialet ur värme- och fuktsynpunkt för användning i svenska byggnader och klimatförhållanden.
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8.
  • Johansson, Pär, 1986, et al. (author)
  • Interior insulation using super insulation materials: saving energy and space
  • 2020
  • In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. - : IOP Publishing. - 1755-1307 .- 1755-1315. ; 588:5
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Interior insulation can be used in buildings where the exterior characteristics may not be altered due to cultural heritage protection. This is common for many buildings in Sweden from the period before 1941. Energy efficiency, thermal comfort and building performance are all affected by an interior insulation. Super insulation materials present novel opportunities to save both energy and space. The aim of this study is to investigate the benefits and drawbacks of using super insulation materials as interior insulation. A field study building was investigated for feasibility, which, together with interviews with professionals in the field of architecture, cultural heritage and building consultants, give a general overview. In conclusion, there are both benefits and drawbacks with interior insulation. Super insulation provides increased flexibility in terms of interior detailing and possibility to preserve characteristic elements. On building level interior super insulation could reduce the energy use by up to 20%. This gives energy savings of 0.5 TWh on national level and a reduction of 0.7% of the total CO2 emissions for heating the Swedish building stock. A drawback is that there are few examples and little experience from building with super insulation materials among both architects and other decision makers.
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9.
  • Karim, Ali Naman, 1992, et al. (author)
  • Aerogelbaserad puts- Superisolering för framtiden
  • 2020
  • In: Husbyggaren. ; :6, s. 8-11
  • Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • I ett forskningsprojekt på Chalmers studeras en aerogelbaserad puts med mycket bra isolerande egenskaper. Förhoppningen är att användningen av den så kallade superisolerande putsen ska bidra till att minska byggsektorns energianvändning, både för existerande och nya byggnader. Superisolerande puts kan, förutom att spara energi, dessutom resultera i funktionella väggar med mindre tjocklek. Detta bidrar i sin tur till att öka mängden uthyrningsbar golvyta inomhus, yta som annars skulle tagits upp av väggens isolering. I denna artikel vill vi informera om vad vi planerar att göra i projektet och berätta om den superisolerande putsens egenskaper.
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10.
  • Karim, Ali Naman, 1992, et al. (author)
  • Super insulation plasters in renovation of buildings in Sweden: energy efficiency and possibilities with new building materials
  • 2020
  • In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. - : IOP Publishing. - 1755-1307 .- 1755-1315. ; 588:4
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Super insulation plasters are new and high energy efficient plasters mixed with aerogel particles. Aerogel is a porous and low-density material with very low thermal conductivity compared to the traditional insulation materials. Today, approximately 27% of Sweden’s multi-family houses have a plaster façade. Plaster is commonly used in many other European countries as well. In this paper, numerical simulations are utilized to estimate the total magnitude of energy and CO2 emissions that can be saved annually in Sweden by using super insulation plasters. In additional, possibilities and challenges in conjunction with the introduction of new techniques and materials in the building sector have been addressed, through interviews and literature review. The annual energy use and CO2 emissions can be reduced by 74±48 GWh and 1000 ±600 ton respectively if 10% of Sweden’s multi-family houses are externally insulated by super insulation plaster. Based on the interviews it is evident that distinct information and documentation about a new building material, concerning the material properties and long-termperformance, needs to be provided by the producer before usage of the material on industrial scale. Another important issue is the cost of a new technique and that it has to be economically motivated. Implementation of the super insulation plaster in Swedish buildings can contribute to achieving the sustainable development goals numbers 7, 8 and 9 by 2030, by increasing the energy efficiency of buildings and productivity on construction sites.
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12.
  • Stephen, Jake, et al. (author)
  • Internal thermal environment and futureproofing of a newly built, naturally ventilated UK school
  • 2020
  • In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. - : IOP Publishing. - 1755-1307 .- 1755-1315. ; 588:3
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Research indicates that school children have lower comfort levels than adults and this exacerbates the challenge of tackling the risks of summer overheating in schools without resorting to air conditioning. UN SDG 13 calls for climate action to strengthen the resilience of our cities and reduce the impact of climate change. In this work, a modern, naturally ventilated school in Southampton, UK was used to evaluate single, "hard", passive retrofit measures and "soft", building management solutions that could increase the wellbeing of students and reduce current and future demand for cooling. The school was selected as it represents the current standardised design guidance for schools released in 2012 by the Department of Education (DfE). The research presents air temperature observations collected during the summer of 2015. Dynamic thermal modelling was undertaken to evaluate passive retrofit and "soft" solutions to reduce the overheating risk. The model was validated with temperature data collected from the school classrooms. The results indicate that (a) such school buildings have high likelihood of overheating, based on children's comfort temperatures and (b) passive retrofits focused on shading and ventilation could help to reduce the classroom temperature when required. It is recommended that "soft" adaptive solutions will prove effective to reduce future air conditioning demand, but this will require a radical change in established practices. Achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals by 2030 will require to rethink and redesign urban living and city infrastructures.
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13.
  • Teli, Despoina, 1980, et al. (author)
  • Teaching the concept of adaptive thermal comfort in building design education
  • 2020
  • In: 16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Traditional building design education in the disciplines of building services, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, etc. focusses on quantifiable factors, i.e. factors which can be subject of calculation, simulation and dimensioning. Since non-quantifiable factors are not part of calculation or simulation models, there is a tendency that they are not adequately considered in education and, as a result, in building planning and operation. In the case of human thermal comfort, building professionals are required to understand the mechanisms and impact of non-quantifiable factors related to human thermal comfort and health, most of which are part of the adaptive thermal comfort concept. This paper identifies the challenges in teaching the concept of adaptive thermal comfort through a collection of lived experiences of the authors. The paper then proposes appropriate intended learning outcomes and teaching methods to equip students with the background knowledge, understanding and skills required to consider human adaptation in their designs. It is widely accepted that integrated design is a precondition for a building design that functions well, offers sufficient comfort for their users and can be operated in a sustainable way. Integrated building design requires that different disciplines work closely together and understand and respect their different focus areas and languages. Herein the case of human thermal comfort requires engineers who understand the mechanisms and impact of non-quantifiable factors on human well-being indoors. Within the work of Annex 69: “Strategy and practice of adaptive thermal comfort in low energy buildings” we developed a framework and a guideline for adopting adaptive thermal comfort principles in design and operation of buildings, which may serve as a complementary tool in an integrated design process and inclusion of adaptive thermal comfort in education.
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14.
  • Bournas, Iason, et al. (author)
  • Energy renovation of an office building using a holistic design approach
  • 2016
  • In: Journal of Building Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-7102. ; 7:September 2016, s. 194-206
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • This paper presents a holistic approach to perform energy renovations of office buildings. A real case study is used to demonstrate how different software can be used to facilitate the work of architects and engineers during different design stages. Initially, the moisture safety of the building is coupled to its energy performance to define the optimum insulation level. The new interior layout is based on an initial daylight study, rather than on architectural intuition. On a second stage, shading and natural ventilation are studied to eradicate any cooling demand, while the interdependence between heating energy and daylight is assessed for the use of light-wells. To demonstrate the trade-offs between visual control and electrical lighting, different shading systems are examined for a cellular office. Finally, two alternate HVAC systems are analyzed to investigate whether passive standards can be achieved with an all-air system and/or a hydronic system.
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15.
  • Dyrssen, Catharina, 1949, et al. (author)
  • Key urban projects: Local-regional planning tools for fragile urban landscapes
  • 2014
  • In: World in Denmark 2014: Nordic encounters. Travelling ideas about open space design and planning.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • In Sweden, cities are promoted as drivers of economic growth and solutions for decreased climatic influence, resulting in a dominant focus on development of large cities in the planning debate and sustainability discourse. As discussed by Harvey (2006), Massey (2007) and Tietjen (2011), this increases differences between growing and declining cities and regions, and escalates uneven geographic development. The process produces fragile urban landscapes, i.e. local situations short of resources, skills and mandates to handle change and deal with in-lock of sense-making structures, thereby concealing actual site specific possibilities and the potential of development of small towns and rural areas. This renders the need for new relevant planning tools with onset in a relational perspective on space (Harvey 2006, Massey 2007), urban ecologies (Guattari 1989, Banham 1971) and design-based, proformative approaches (Solà Morales 2008, Bunschoten 2001, Cuff & Sherman 2011). This article argues for key urban projects as a relational, place-specific, operative planning tool that can open and lock urban transformation, secure and guide implementation and reveal strategies to develop fragile urban landscapes, with ability to: handle centre-periphery and urban-rural as dynamic contingencies; combine the capacity of different urban ecologies; relate the formation of urban landscapes to different scales; optimise combinatory potentials of local-regional resources; secure forms of operative collaboration; trigger critical negotiations; and integrate spatial implementation to the planning process.These abilities are tested through design-based research-methodology with onset from works in progress in five Swedish contexts of practice that outline a spectrum of important characteristics of fragile urban landscapes.Key Urban Projects are identified and developed through a mapping process iterating between identification of specific issues and the outline of their relevant contours, a process that both visualize and establish assemblages (DeLanda 2006). Key Projects gain their potential through stepwise change of the existing material landscape and its urban ecologies.
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16.
  • Hagbert, Pernilla, 1986 (author)
  • Den gröna byggbranschens paradox
  • 2013
  • In: Att svära i kyrkan - tjugofyra röster om evig tillväxt på en ändlig planet. - 9789198146707 ; , s. 206-217
  • Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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17.
  • Hagbert, Pernilla, 1986 (author)
  • Byggbranschens gröna paradox
  • 2013
  • In: Archileaks redaktionella material, archileaks.se.
  • Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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18.
  • Hagbert, Pernilla, 1986, et al. (author)
  • Reducing water consumption
  • 2012
  • In: 1st RESPONDER Knowledge Brokerage Event on Sustainable Housing, 28-30 March, 2012, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
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19.
  • Johansson, Mikael, 1975, et al. (author)
  • KAN VR FÖRBÄTTRA KUNSKAPSÅTERFÖRING FRÅN PRODUKTIONEN UNDER PROJEKTERING?
  • 2021
  • Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Syftet med detta projekt har varit att studera och utvärdera hur ett VR (Virtual Reality)- gränssnitt till BIM-modellen kan användas för att bättre och mer effektivt involvera och ta tillvara på produktionspersonalens kunskap redan under projekteringsfasen. Enkelt sett har grundtanken varit att låta personal med erfarenhet från produktionen "identifiera/lösa/hantera problem virtuellt – INNAN de når byggarbetsplatsen". VR-tekniken har studerats och utvärderats på sex olika arbetsplatser/projekt där projektering och produktion har pågått parallellt. Som metod har intervjuer, enkätundersökning, samt observationer används. Resultatet från studien visar att det finns stora möjligheter med – och i viss mån också ett behov av – att låta personal från produktionen använda VR-teknik för granskning, planering, och arbetsberedning. Genom att involvera och ta tillvara på produktionspersonalens kunskap och insikter har flertalet problem eller mindre bra lösningar upptäckts och hanterats, innan dessa har nått det faktiska utförandet. I vissa fall har det rört sig om rena projekteringsmissar, medans det i andra fall har handlat om ändrad arbetsordning mellan discipliner, eller alternativa lösningar som passat framdriften bättre. När det gäller VR tekniken som sådan är det framförallt det faktum att modellen betraktas i skala 1:1 som lyfts fram och många kommentarer är kopplade till hur storlek, utrymmen, och detaljer, ges en helt annan förståelse och känsla för än när modellen granskas på vanlig skärm. Vidare visade det sig att möjligheten att vara flera användare i en och samma VR[1]modell, s.k. multi-user läge, hade väldigt positiva effekter på förståelse och kommunikation mellan deltagarna. Multi-user gör det dessutom möjligt för deltagarna att koppla upp sig från vitt skilda platser, vilket spås underlätta den här typen av möten med deltagare från både projektering och produktion. Sammantaget kan det konstateras att VR definitivt har möjlighet att förbättra kunskapsåterföring från produktionen under projektering. Studien ger många exempel på problem, utmaningar, och mindre bra lösningar som kan upptäckas – men även hur man kan hitta bättre och mer produktionsanpassade lösningar – och visar tydligt att VR[1]tekniken har ett värde och är mogen för att användas kontinuerligt i skarpa projekt. Dock finns det idag fortfarande hinder och utmaningar när det gäller att göra tekniken fullt tillgänglig för alla i ett projekt, och här spås en ny generation av fristående VR-headset att öppna upp för bättre möjligheter.
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20.
  • Mangold, Mikael, 1982, et al. (author)
  • Who benefits? Effects and perceptions of residential volumetric water billing
  • 2012
  • In: 2nd Nordic Conference on Consumer Research, 29 May-1 June, 2012, Göteborg.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • What are the effects and perceptions of increased installation of water metering and volumetric billing in residential areas in Sweden? An interview study was undertaken in a low-income suburb of Göteborg to explore residents’ experiences and opinions. Additionally, the interests of water and energy companies, social affairs committee, real estate owner and maintainer were investigated to contrast the added value of reduced water consumption. Stakeholders either benefit or are disadvantaged by the introduced system. Furthermore, the applied tariff structure fails to motivate all segments of the population to reduce water consumption, yet still inequitably burdens the most financially exposed groups.
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21.
  • Jockwer, Robert, 1984, et al. (author)
  • Design for adaption - making timber buildings ready for circular use and extended service life
  • 2021
  • In: World Conference on Timber Engineering 2021, WCTE 2021.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The use of timber and the implementation of the concept of circularity in the process of the construction of buildings potentially has a high sustainability impact, both from the perspective of material and construction technique. The three most effective ways to ensure the benefit of the circularity in the building sector in general are (1) maintain the service life of structures and buildings materials as long as possible to avoid unnecessary emissions and costs for demolition and reconstruction (2) conserve the quality of materials as long as possible to avoid unnecessary emissions and costs for the replacement and processing of new materials and (3) recycle and repurpose only the parts and materials which cannot function any more for technical and/or socio-cultural reasons. In this paper an approach is discussed towards a more sustainable built environment by making buildings adaptable to the changes of demands and requirements to building functions and thus leading to an extended use of buildings in a maximum of life cycles. This design for adaption may enhance economic, social and environmental benefits to various stakeholders and key players related to the building process, i.e. developers, building owners, users, municipality and others.
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23.
  • Bannova, Olga, 1964 (author)
  • Architectural approach to planning in the extreme arctic environment.
  • 2016
  • In: archiDOCT: Transformable Architecture. - 2309-0103. ; 4:1, s. 53-67
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Extreme environments in Polar Regions share similar facilities and operations, design and planning challenges: extreme cold temperatures, structural problems, high standards for materials, resources limitations (including people), transportation and logistics. Nevertheless, they differ depending on local cultural and social traditions and climate challenges specific to a particular region. Environmental hardships create challenges that reflect on sets of architectural requirements. The paper discusses these challenges and their influences on form developing factors, site orientation and circulation, - factors that affect budget considerations as well. The paper also discusses criticality of addressing such impacts at the programming design stage especially in challenging environments, in order to avoid costly adjustments at later development stages.The paper argues that integrating an architectural approach into planning of construction and related to it activities in Polar Regions is critical for enabling sustainability and resilient strategies there. The importance of such integration comes from the fact that engineering-oriented developers follow strictly industry-specific technical regulations and standards. Simultaneously, planning construction work and design in extreme conditions becomes a more complex process that calls for a new methodology, which would differ from common regulatory “checklists” that most companies implement in their practices there.This paper outlines and categorizes recurrent and specific to extreme environment and conditions events based on select research methods that include verbal data collection and case studies analysis. Figures Of Merit method employed for identification of important lessons that can be applied across different settings; and the ‘HSB Sustainable Living Lab’ project is suggested for effectiveness and verification purposes.Understanding of relationships and influences between different facets of human society and architecture can help to find a design approach and optimize needs and requirements for various types of people living and working in extreme environments of Polar Regions, their societies and cultures.
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24.
  • Kiamili, Christina, et al. (author)
  • Detailed Assessment of Embodied Carbon of HVAC Systems for a New Office Building Based on BIM
  • 2020
  • In: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 12:8
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The global shift towards embodied carbon reduction in the building sector has indicated the need for a detailed analysis of environmental impacts across the whole lifecycle of buildings. The environmental impact of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems has rarely been studied in detail. Most of the published studies are based on assumptions and rule of thumb techniques. In this study, the requirements and methods to perform a detailed life cycle assessment (LCA) for HVAC systems based on building information modelling (BIM) are assessed and framed for the first time. The approach of linking external product data information to objects using visual programming language (VPL) is tested, and its benefits over the existing workflows are presented. The detailed BIM model of a newly built office building in Switzerland is used as a case study. In addition, detailed project documentation is used to ensure the plausibility of the calculated impact. The LCA results show that the embodied impact of the HVAC systems is three times higher than the targets provided by the Swiss Energy Efficiency Path (SIA 2040). Furthermore, it is shown that the embodied impact of HVAC systems lies in the range of 15–36% of the total embodied impact of office buildings. Nevertheless, further research and similar case studies are needed to provide a robust picture of the embodied environmental impact of HVAC systems. The results could contribute to setting stricter targets in line with the vision of decarbonization of the building sector.
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25.
  • Rempling, Rasmus, 1976, et al. (author)
  • Aspects of Integrated Design of Structures: Parametric Models, Creative Space and Linked Knowledge
  • 2015
  • In: Civil Engineering and Architecture. - 2332-1121. ; 3, s. 143-152
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • In the construction industry, collaborative working methods with overlapping domains have been developing side by side with information and communication technology. Recently, efforts have been made to combine these methods in order to facilitate the integration of disciplines. Research on collaborative work has resulted in the promising "integrated project delivery" methodology, whereas research on information and communication technology has resulted in building information modelling. In this paper, we propose three principles for integrated design: "parametric models", "creative space" and "linked knowledge". These principles have been derived during the course of the TailorCrete Project. The project involves contributions from architects, structural engineers, contractors and building material manufacturers, as well as scientists of the built environment. All principles are elaborated upon with regard to their connection to integrated design and how they are carried out in practice; the elaboration is based on results collected from the TailorCrete project and from research results found in the literature. This paper concludes that parametric models, creative space and linked knowledge are the three main aspects that should be pursued in order to achieve and implement a practical integrated design process
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26.
  • Roupé, Mattias, 1975, et al. (author)
  • Immersive visualization of Building Information Models
  • 2016
  • In: Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016). - 9789881902672 ; , s. 673-682
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The design process of a building often involves many different actors and people with different experiences, level of knowledge and ability to interpret information. The most common information media in these processes are 2D-drawings, documents and 3D images of design. These media can be difficult to interpret and understand and could cause communication difficulties and design errors. However, in this context, Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Virtual Reality (VR) have been shown to offer an efficient communication platform. In this paper we present and evaluate a portable immersive visualization system that uses the BIMs directly from the design tools. The system is validated in a real construction project, where the dif-ferent disciplines in the design process used the system. The result was collected through interviews and observation during usage of the system. All the participants expressed that this type of visual interface helped them to get another level of understanding and perception of space, which lead to better decision-making process and resolving of design issues.
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27.
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28.
  • Ståhle, Alexander, et al. (author)
  • Designguide för Smarta gator
  • 2022
  • Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Designguiden för smarta gator konkretiserar hur de fyra megatrenderna urbanisering, digitalisering, samhällsförändringar och miljöförändringar leder till nya krav och utformningsprinciper för framtidens gator. Guiden är tänkt att fungera som en inspiration och ett underlag för att förnya svensk gatupolicy på nationell, regional och kommunal nivå.Guiden innehåller utöver en inledning följande kapitel: en historisk tillbakablick (gatans utveckling), gatans användning, gatans delar, gatans design, designprocessen, guidens genomförande.
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29.
  • Estévez Mauriz, Laura, 1982 (author)
  • The urban form and the sound environment - Tools and approaches
  • 2017
  • Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Cities are always confronted with transition and adaptation. Awareness on urban environmental quality is leading the vision about the built environment’s resilience and sustainability, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary framework for urbanisation processes. One of the main concerns is the negative impact of outdoor noise due to road traffic, whereby controlling the sound environment through good quality spatial production is a priority. Europe and other parts of the world are experiencing a chronic traffic congestion problem. The environmental impact of this situation is overwhelming, where 90 % of the health impact due to noise exposure is estimated to be caused by road traffic noise. In this regard, noise maps are seen as a powerful tool in the development of new urban areas, where its noise level underestimation can endanger the wellbeing of citizens. At this rapid urbanisation, divided pronouncements on decision-making are devastating. The aim is to overcome negative aspects derived from a late intervention by including urban sound planning as an opportunity to the user’s experience and wellbeing, avoiding poor patches in the urban configuration and economical burden. The present work is committed to the development of tools for controlling, communicating and designing the sound environment on a level beyond today’s solutions, capable to be included at the early stages of the planning process. First, the study goes through the importance of the quiet side and the implementation of an engineering method as a powerful tool in the urban development, obtaining accurate results compared to measurements. In an attempt to study time variations of traffic within cities and its relevance regarding noise emission (normally overlooked in current noise mapping calculations), a microscopic road traffic modelling tool is developed in the second study, giving useful output for noise level predictions as function of time. The time-pattern analysis opens the possibility to test traffic configurations and explore a large variety of results in the form of descriptors as statistical indicators, calm periods and noise events, and outcomes as difference maps and contribution maps. The third study extends toward the evaluation of the effects of spatial heterogeneity (considered a key strategy to increase the liveability of spaces) on the environmental performance and resilience capacity of the transportation system through the study of noise pollution and its economic impact. The studies presented are using real case scenarios as a test-bed not only for implementation, but mainly for the development of tools.
  •  
30.
  • Femenias, Paula, 1966, et al. (author)
  • Comparing socio-technical regimes and transition potential in Austrian and Swedish multi-residential housing
  • 2014
  • In: World Sustainable Building Congress Barcelona 28-30 October 2014.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Many countries in Europe face large-scale renovation of 20th century housing. Although challenges for energy efficient renovation are similar in many countries contextual differences create varying possibilities and barriers for actions. We present a comparative study of managerial practices regarding refurbishment of housing in Austria and Sweden, countries with large stocks of publicly built, owned and managed housing. Due to what we have identified as socio-technical traditions of the welfare state, rather distinct renovation strategies are applied. We conclude that a more reflective approach to refurbishment that coordinates policy for housing and sustainability with detailed knowledge of the stock and its socio-technical context is a way forward.
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31.
  • Femenias, Paula, 1966, et al. (author)
  • Improving the Market Up-take of Energy Producing Solar Shading: Experiences from Three Cases of Retrofit
  • 2017
  • In: Proceedings from the World Sustainable Built Environment Conference 2017 Hong Kong 5-7 June. ; , s. 682-688
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The paper presents the test of a multi-value framework for the evaluation of energy producing solar shading on three cases of Swedish retrofitting projects. The evaluation framework was developed in collaboration between academics and industry partners in a transdisciplinary research project and considers: energy production, indoor environment and comfort, visibility and communication, aesthetics, design and process, and maintenance and repair. Results show that the model even though having few criteria gives a general and comprehensive feed-back about the outcomes, challenges and success of the projects. None of the projects scores high in all aspects,instead they exemplify different approaches to energy producing solar shading. All three have shading and low maintenance as important criteria for design. Furthermore, the availability of subsidies to add solar energy production to the shading has been decisive for choosing that solution. Case 1 has had energy production as an important driver and no architect was involved while in Case 3, being a listed building, aesthetics has been crucial.Case 2 shows a way forward with a good collaboration between the actors and a compromise between shading,energy production and aesthetics which respect the original design.
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32.
  • Femenias, Paula, 1966, et al. (author)
  • Om-renovering: Möjligheter för energieffektivisering och återskapande av kulturvärden när flerbostadshus renoveras på nytt
  • 2020
  • Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Projektet har undersökt möjligheterna att återskapa estetiska och historiska karaktärsdrag av flerbostadshus som blivit förändrade i samband med tidigare energisparprogram samtidigt som nya energieffektiviseringar kan genomföras, en process som vi valt att kalla för om-renovering. En om-renovering skapar möjligheter för energieffektivisering men också att uppnå mål om en god bebyggd och gestaltad livsmiljö. Projektet har studerat om-renovering ur ett helhetsperspektiv vilket inkluderat energibesparingar, arkitektur och kulturvärden, genomförbarhet samt sociala värden. Studien har fokuserat på flerbostadshus uppförda före 1946 i Göteborg. Flera metoder och angreppsätt har använts i fyra delstudier. En första delstudie var en inventering av ungefär en tredjedel av flerbostadshusen uppförda före 1946 i Göteborg. Målet var att undersöka hur husen har renoverats och deras status idag, med fokus på yttre synliga ändringar. Till inventeringen lades information från energideklarationer om energiprestanda vilket gjort det möjligt att undersöka samband mellan energiprestanda och renoveringar. Inventeringen visar att det är svårt att fastställa generella samband mellan tidigare renoveringar och energiprestanda med de sammanställda data. Slutsatsen är att inventeringar på fastighets- eller byggnadsnivå är nödvändiga för att ta rätt beslut vid nya energieffektiviseringar. I en andra delstudie gjordes fallstudier av fyra fastigheter med landshövdingehus, tre som omrenoverats och en som genomgått en första större renovering. Fallstudierna beskriver motiv för återställande av träfasader och ambitioner för energibesparingar. Det finns inga krav på återställande vid bygglov. De motiv som framkommer pekar istället på ekonomiska och estetiska drivkrafter för om-renoveringar. Energieffektivisering var bara ett uttalat mål i ett fall och energibesparingarna blev lägre än vad som krävs för att uppnå våra svenska energimål. Om-renoveringarna är en kompromiss mellan vad som uppfattats som estetiskt tilltalande och vad som varit ekonomiskt eller tekniskt genomförbart. Översyn från myndighetshåll av energieffektiviseringar och kulturvärden framstår som bristfällig. En tredje delstudie har studerat de boendes syn på kulturvärden i boendemiljön i tre av de ovan nämnda fallen. Studien visar ett statistiskt samband mellan trivsel och uppskattning av kulturvärden. De boende känner till sitt hus’ historia och uppskattar den. En del boende, särskilt de som bott länge på samma ställe, har en egen relation till husets och områdets historia. För andra, här representerat av flera yngre som bor i en äldre fastighet, är äktheten inte lika viktig vid ett återskapande som atmosfären. Slutligen, i en fjärde delstudie undersöktes energi- och klimatpåverkan från om-renoveringen i en av fallstudierna. Studien pekar på att återbetalningstiden för den inbyggda energi- och klimatpåverkan är strax under 25 år och därmed kortare än livslängden för material och komponenter som använts (om renoveringen antas ha en livslängd på 50 år). En jämförelse mellan en återställd träfasad och en fasad med moderna fibercementplattor är till träfasadens fördel ur ett klimatperspektiv men inte vad gäller inbyggd energi. Rapporten avslutas med rekommendationer för konsulter, fastighetsägare och handläggare på kommuner och andra myndigheter som arbetar med frågor kring om-renovering.
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33.
  • Femenias, Paula, 1966 (author)
  • Sustainability indicators for redevelopment: Assessing the long-term effect of different strategies used in two housing areas
  • 2014
  • In: World Sustainable Building Congress Barcelona 28-30 October 2014.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The 20th century large post-war housing stock is pointed out as one main area for applying energy efficient measures to reach climate goals. However, the long-term effect on energy efficient renovation on the long-term sustainability of management of stock, the social life of residents and the local community, and on society at large is seldom discussed. This paper presents on-going research that aims at contributing to the development of a knowledge-base for documentation and evaluation of housing renovation. The research is based on a review of definitions of sustainable urban renewal, a literature review of earlier evaluations of renovation of housing, and a case study of two housing areas where different strategies for renovation has been applied.
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34.
  • Hagbert, Pernilla, 1986, et al. (author)
  • BEYOND GREEN - the unsustainable home in the environmentally adapted building
  • 2013
  • In: 10th European Academy of Design Conference - Crafting the Future, 17-19 April, 2013, Göteborg.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Last years have shown a rapid development of low-energy construction in Sweden. On the whole, environmental consideration in the construction sector can no longer be considered marginal. Of interest to this paper is whether the same effort is made to facilitate sustainable homes as is made to produce environmentally adapted residential buildings? While environmental and technical dimensions of sustainable building has predominated the agenda since the mid 1990s, social and cultural dimensions have had more of a recent focus. An increasing number of studies point to the need to go beyond technical solutions to solve environmental problems related to the built environment. There is a need for major behavioral changes, supported by the provision of living environments with a physical infrastructure for enabling more sustainable ways of residing. This paper presents a study of a multi-family residential area in Göteborg called Kvillebäcken, a new urban development with high ambitions to mitigate the impact of new housing on the global climate as well as the local environment. The study is primarily based on statistical data and interviews with property developers. The findings are examined in relation to general statistical data and theory, and arranged according to three main themes of individual demand, spatial norms and standards/comfort, influencing the absolute impact of housing development on the creation of sustainable living environments. The study shows that outspoken aims of creating ways of residing that radically challenge the normative and resource intense concept of “the good urban home” appear to be lacking. It is concluded that design might hold a bigger role in the shift towards smaller and better performing dwellings in order to offer residential quality while reducing the environmental impact of living environments.
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35.
  • Jockwer, Robert, 1984 (author)
  • Eurocode 5 – Eingeklebte Gewindestangen
  • 2022
  • In: Forum Holzbau International - Aus der Praxis - Für die Praxis. - 9783906226484 ; 1, s. 277-291
  • Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
  •  
36.
  • Jockwer, Robert, 1984, et al. (author)
  • Long-term deformation behaviour of timber columns: Monitoring of a tall timber building in Switzerland
  • 2021
  • In: Engineering Structures. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-7323 .- 0141-0296. ; 234
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Knowledge on the short and long term deformation behavior of highly loaded components in tall timber buildings is important in view of improving future design possibilities with respect to serviceability, both in the construction and in the operational state. In this paper, we present the results of a monitoring case-study on a tall timber-hybrid building in Switzerland, a 15 storey and 60 m high office building completed in 2019. A fibre-optic measuring system showed an increase of the deformation with increasing load during the construction phase of highly stressed spruce-GLT and beech-LVL columns. However, the highest strain values were not reported in the columns themselves but at the ceiling transitions and in the area near their supports. The measurements on the columns were compared with model calculations for long-term deformation of timber elements in order to differentiate single components of the total deformation caused by load, time, and changes in climate during the construction. Over a monitoring period of a year, good agreement of the modelled deformations could be confirmed, which indicates that such models could be well suited for future usage in serviceability design of tall timber buildings.
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37.
  • Jonsdotter, Lina, 1988, et al. (author)
  • Arkitektur och materialflöden i bostäder: Hur påverkar arkitekturen materialflöden över tid i bostadsrätter?
  • 2016
  • In: Bygg & Teknik. - 0281-658X. ; :2, s. 12-16
  • Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Hur mycket byggs om i en lägenhetöver tid och varför? Finns det någotsamband mellan ombyggnader ochden arkitektoniska utformningen avbostaden? Vilken miljöpåverkan hardessa inre ombyggnader?Detta är utgångspunkterna för en studie iett samarbete mellan Chalmers Arkitektur,Tengbom arkitekter, Bengt Dahlgrens ochHSB Living Lab med stöd från Energimyndighetenoch IQ SamhällsbyggnadsprogramE2B2. Syftet med förstudien äratt ta fram empirisk kunskap om inre renoveringaroch ombyggnader. Ett särskilt fokusligger på att studera kopplingenmellan resursintensiva ombyggnader ochbostäders arkitektoniska utformning. Detlångsiktiga målet med forskningen är att tafram strategier för utformandet av bostädersom kan minska miljöpåverkan frånbostäder i flerfamiljshus i bruksfasen. Projektetsyftar även till att bidra med kunskaptill framtida bedömningar av miljöochklimatpåverkan från flerfamiljshus.
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38.
  • Kickert, Conrad Christiaan, et al. (author)
  • Surveying density, urban characteristics, and development capacity of station areas in the Delta Metropolis
  • 2014
  • In: Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design. - : SAGE Publications. - 2399-8083 .- 2399-8091 .- 0265-8135 .- 1472-3417. ; 41, s. 69-92
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The combination of growing mobility needs and dwindling transportation budgets in the Dutch Delta Metropolis has raised the need for smarter use of existing public transport infrastructure. A significant portion of this smarter use may come from strengthening the ties between infrastructure improvements and transit-oriented development. To further this goal, the Delta Metropolis Association has developed SprintCity (SprintStad in Dutch), a serious game and planning support tool that engages stakeholders in transit-oriented development to explore interaction between transport and land use, as described in Bertolini’s node–place model. However, its underlying database has proven insufficient to draw conclusions regarding urban character and development capacity around stations. This paper focuses on morphological research that aims to improve this database by exploring the density and urban morphology of station areas in the Delta Metropolis beyond readily available statistics, and discusses the methodological and theoretical underpinnings of this survey. The surveying of station areas in 2010 was conducted by a team of six researchers, based on the Spacemate© methodology developed by Berghauser Pont and Haupt. The methodology allows detailed quantitative measurement of the density and spatial characteristics of clearly demarcated urban districts, defining their so-called ‘spatial fingerprint’. The resulting database of 850 districts in 55 station areas has served descriptive goals, strengthening the realism in the SprintCity game, and serves as the database for further establishing the development potential of station areas.
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39.
  • Linton, Johan, 1966 (author)
  • Göteborg revisited
  • 2009
  • In: Arkitekturtidskriften Kritik. - 1654-7969. ; :7, s. 100-
  • Journal article (other academic/artistic)
  •  
40.
  • Norrman, Jenny, 1971, et al. (author)
  • New dimensions in Swedish planning - an investigation of subsurface planning and geosystem services
  • 2020
  • Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • The subsurface is a precious, multifunctional and finite resource that should be managed in accordance with its full potential and its value to society. It can be used for a wide variety of purposes, which are not always compatible, and short-term use can conflict with long-term use and future possibilities. In Sweden, as well as in many countries worldwide, the “first-come-first-served” principle applies to getting access to the resources in the subsurface, compromising fair inter- and intragenerational distributions of these resources, and sustainable development. This report summarises the outcomes of the research project Sustainable use of underground space (SUB), financed by the Swedish research Council Formas and BeFo Rock Engineering Research Foundation. The aim of the project has been to investigate how subsurface dimensions can be integrated in urban planning processes and legislation, as well as proposing a framework for sustainable planning and use of the subsurface. The report contains a list of words and terminology used in relation to subsurface planning. The term subsurface planning is here defined as both a) consideration of subsurface conditions in surface planning, as well as b) making strategic considerations regarding the use of the subsurface in terms of use for construction purposes, or other types of subsurface resources. Chapter 1 introduces the background to the project and describes the methods used in the studies within the project. The methods used are a systematic literature review; a document and interview study of Swedish practice on inclusion of subsurface aspects in planning of a number of underground projects; a review of legislation and policy relevant to subsurface planning; and a pilot study for method development and for an inventory of resources in the subsurface. Chapter 2 summarises the role of geoscience in society, and specifically in spatial planning. This includes uncertainties in the parameters that are used to describe geological, thermal, hydrogeological, mechanical, chemical and biological properties of soil and rock, as well as exemplifying databases and base line studies that can be used in comprehensive planning. Chapter 3 places the subsurface as a multifunctional resource in an international context. A literature review reveals a need to bridge communication and knowledge gaps by appropriate subsurface information, easily conveyable in the appropriate format and at the right time, in a balanced quantity and quality. Information on regulations and policies for subsurface use is limited and fragmented in literature, although the interest in, and use of, the subsurface, have significantly increased in the last two decades. Chapter 4 gives an overview of Swedish subsurface planning from the 1970s to 2020. As early as 1975, at the inaugural annual meeting of the International Tunneling Association (ITA), the term subsurface planning was introduced. A pioneering Swedish study that was already ongoing at that point, aimed at providing the basis for legal regulations on responsibility for planning of subsurface use in spatial planning processes. In the past 40 years, a number of studies have been carried out in Sweden to support the development of a strategic subsurface planning. The chapter also provides a short description of two contemporary national projects “HUMP” and “Eko-Geokalkyl” which have contributed to a better integration of subsurface aspects in planning processes. Chapter 5 provides an overview of the development of the planning legislation in Sweden and explains contemporary Swedish planning legislation and policy that have implications on the subsurface. The overview includes planning and other related laws from 1600s to 2000s. The chapter provides a detailed description of the role of the Planning and Building Act (2010:305), the Environmental Code (1998:808), the Road Act (1971:948), the Construction of Railways Act (1995:1649), the Expropriation Act (1972:719), the Historic Environment Act (1988:950), the Protection of Essential Facilities Act (2010:305), as well as environmental policies in planning processes. Chapter 6 discusses subsurface usage in Sweden, and how the legislation is applied in spatial planning. Focus is on the Planning and Building Act, and the interaction between planning levels for which the local councils are responsible. A description of national projects that aim for digitalisation of the planning process is included. Also, other legislation that impacts the subsurface is discussed, related to e.g. construction of roads and railways, cultural heritage, energy, water and sewage systems, waste management, subsurface structures that are classified. Chapter 7 presents a pilot study, Flatås, which is an area located in Gothenburg, South-West Sweden. The pilot study aimed at mapping subsurface resources, investigating potential opportunities and conflicts between uses of these resources, and developing a proposal for how the collected data can be used in a detailed comprehensive planning of the area. Various subsurface qualities, divided into provisioning, regulating, supporting and cultural qualities, were used for a systematic inventory and mapping of subsurface resources. The inventory and mapping results were summarised thematically (Water, Energy, Waste, Transport and communication, Constructions, Green infrastructure, Cultural heritage, and Contamination) for better communication of findings to planners. The concept of geosystem services is introduced to form a solid basis for communication of subsurface values and qualities. Chapter 8 outlines and describes the identified barriers for achieving a holistic subsurface planning in Sweden. The subsurface is rarely addressed in Swedish legislation or policy documents. Existing data and knowledge about the subsurface conditions is not thoroughly used in the early planning processes. Instead, data collection and sometimes additional investigations are usually performed late in the planning process, when many decisions are already made, causing plans to be overly costly or cause unintended restrictions on developments. In addition, many different competences are involved in the planning process, but there is no common understanding or terminology to bridge the communication gap between different professions, which may impede a holistic approach. In contrast to the planning of built environments above ground, there is a lack of comprehensive subsurface planning, and instead issues related to the subsurface are handled in different sectors. There is a lack of knowledge on the subsurface compared to the vast base line studies that often exists for built environments above ground and as a result, the first-come-first-served principles applies. In addition, there is no archival institution responsible for collection of geoscientific data, and some information may be confidential. Chapter 9 presents the developed SUB-matrix (matrix for supporting Sustainable Use of the suBsurface), which aims to support a systematic inventory of geosystem services in the municipal planning processes. The SUB-matrix is developed specifically for the Swedish planning system taking different panning levels into consideration: national, regional, transport and municipal planning. In turn, the municipal level consists of comprehensive, detailed comprehensive and detailed development planning sub-levels as well as the permission process sub-level. The SUB-matrix is a comprehensive checklist of geosystem services with identification of the relevant planning level for their inventory and a summary of the relevant information sources to support the inventory process. The tool highlights potential conflicts between geosystem services. For most use of the SUB-matrix, the information inside the matrix should be adapted to each specific municipality. The matrix is available via a web link (https://www.befoonline.org/publikationer/r-214__2384). Chapter 10 presents a proposal of five principles that supports sustainable planning, both above and below ground, and can be applied on different scales, from areas to specific projects. These principles are: 1) Fitness-for-use - use the surface and subsurface resources for the function they are most fit for, 2) Alternative uses – consider if existing underground constructions and structures can be transformed to meet new needs and demands, 3) Think in 3D – investigate whether the desired development can be placed above or below ground, 4) Optimise - investigate if new functions can be added to existing and planned structures, and 5) Flexibility - design new underground structures for a flexible use to meet new demands and future needs. Application of the principles is exemplified using examples retrieved from the literature review, the study of planning praxis and the pilot study carried out in the project. Chapter 11 suggests a number of solutions and ways forward that can support the achievement of a sustainable subsurface planning in Sweden. The geosystem services concept should be clarified and introduced, as a complement to the ecosystem services concept, to support subsurface use in accordance with its full potential and its value to society. The planning processes must be strengthened, and a ‘comprehensive subsurface plan’ – that corresponds with local councils’ comprehensive plans regulated by the Planning and Building Act – should be introduced as a tool for sustainable use of subsurface resources. Principles for how to balance different uses of the subsurface is suggested to be developed in comprehensive plans. A national database, where relevant geoscientific data is collected, should be created making this information accessible for the public. Legislation and policy documents should be developed in order to more clearly address subsurface planning. Chapter 12 summarises the main conclusions of this pro
  •  
41.
  • Thuvander, Liane, 1970, et al. (author)
  • Future Challenges for Renovation as Experienced by Swedish Housing Companies
  • 2017
  • In: Proceedings from the World Sustainable Built Environment Conference 2017 Hong Kong 5-7 June. - Hong Kong. ; , s. 647-652
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • There is an extensive need for renovation in the existing housing stock and an increased rate of renovationactivities is necessary not only to meet international climate and energy targets, but also in order to ensure buildings functions, technical qualities and to provide a good living environment. Thus, the challenges for the housing companies is to meet and balance all the different needs. Research focus on the development of decision supporttools and expansion of the renovation discussion from not only a technical issue but also to include a socialperspective. But how do housing companies manage renovation activities in a broader perspective and what arethe related future challenges in renovation and transformation of building stocks? The aim of this study toinvestigate how larger housing companies act in renovation projects and to identify perceived challenges in relationto renovation. A questionnaire survey directed to the Swedish housing sector has been carried out including allhousing companies with more than 20 employees. Out of 198 companies, 76 companies responded, which corresponds to a response rate of 38 percent. Results show that even if companies have environmental and energy goals or policies, only minor energy efficiency measurements are carried out in renovation projects. Social aspects are increasingly addressed both in policy and renovation. The largest challenges are economy and a limitation of the rent increases in order to ensure that the residents can remain in the apartment or in the housing area after renovation, i.e. to find appropriate rent levels. With a starting point in Swedish conditions, the results are of interest or the transformation process of the European housing stock.
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42.
  • de Wolf, Catherine, et al. (author)
  • Database of Embodied Quantity Outputs: Lowering Material Impacts Through Engineering
  • 2020
  • In: Journal of Architectural Engineering. - 1076-0431. ; 26:3
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Current studies and performance labels focus mainly on the operational energy demand of buildings due to heating, cooling, ventilation, lighting, and hot water, but they rarely account for embodied impacts. Performing a life cycle assessment (LCA) on an entire building structure, let alone a building, requires time and data, both of which are often lacking for practitioners in the construction industry. Limited knowledge on the embodied carbon equivalent of building structures led to the benchmarking effort of the database of embodied quantity outputs (DEQO), developed by the first author over the last 6 years in close collaboration with industry and academia. DEQO collects material quantities for existing buildings in a robust way directly from industry. This paper presents the lessons learned from this database to define the next steps for structural engineers to lower the environmental impacts related to the material quantities in their projects. To create confidence and comparability in the results, recommendations are given such as implementing uncertainty analysis into practice to avoid inaccurate comparisons with a false sense of precision.
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43.
  • Dervishaj, Arlind, et al. (author)
  • A digital workflow for assessing lifespan, carbonation, and embodied carbon of reusing concrete in buildings
  • 2024
  • In: Journal of Building Engineering. - : Elsevier. - 2352-7102. ; 96, s. 1-23
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Concrete is the most used construction material, accounting for 8% of global CO2 emissions. Various strategies aim to reduce concrete's embodied carbon, such as using supplementary cementitious materials, utilizing cleaner energy, and carbonation. However, a large potential lies in reusing concrete for new buildings in a Circular Economy, thereby closing material loops and avoiding CO2 emissions.This study focuses on the reuse of precast concrete elements. We present a digital workflow for assessing reuse by predicting the remaining service life, estimating CO2 uptake by natural carbonation, and calculating the embodied carbon savings of concrete reuse. Both carbonation rates from EN 16757 and our investigation were applied to a case study building.While EN 16757 rates suggest that most precast elements have reached the end of their service life, our assessment shows that these elements have a sufficient lifespan for reuse. Plaster and coverings significantly delay carbonation and extend service life. During the first service life following EN 16757, carbonation was 19,2 kg CO2/m3, whereas our prediction was 5,4 kg CO2/m3. Moreover, CO2 uptake during service life, including reuse, was less than 6% of the embodied carbon. The climate benefits of reuse greatly exceeded those of carbonation.Furthermore, carbonation did not have a decisive influence when applying Cut-Off, Distributed, and End-of-Life allocations for assessing embodied carbon of re-used elements in subsequent life cycles. The digital workflow is useful in quickly assessing lifespan, carbonation, and embodied carbon of concrete. It can be leveraged as a decision-making tool when designing for reuse.
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44.
  • Dervishaj, Arlind (author)
  • From Sustainability to Regeneration : a digital framework with BIM and computational design methods
  • 2023
  • In: Architecture, Structures and Construction. - : Springer Nature. - 2730-9886 .- 2730-9894. ; 3:3, s. 315-336
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Design methods, frameworks, and green building certifications have been developed to create a sustainable built environment. Despite sustainability advancements, urgent action remains necessary due to climate change and the high impact of the built environment. Regenerative Design represents a shift from current practices focused on reducing environmental impacts, as it aims to generate positive effects on both human and natural systems. Although digital design methods are commonly employed in sustainable design practice and research, there is presently no established framework to guide a digital regenerative design process. This study provides an analysis of existing literature on regenerative design and digital design methods and presents a framework based on building information modelling (BIM) methodology and computational design methods, that can be applied to both urban and building design. This framework identifies digital tools and organizes indicators based on the pillars of climate, people, and nature for regenerative design, drawing upon a comprehensive analysis of literature, including standards, sustainability frameworks and research studies. The framework is illustrated through a case study evaluation. The paper also highlights the potential and limitations of digital methods concerning regenerative design and suggests possibilities for future expansion by incorporating additional quantifiable indicators that reflect research developments, to achieve positive outcomes.
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45.
  • Dervishaj, Arlind (author)
  • Sunlight Autonomy for Sustainable Buildings and Cities : Maximizing daylight potential outdoors and indoors
  • 2024
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Daylight, both outdoors and indoors, is essential for human well-being. However, daylight provision often faces challenges in various climates and locations, due to factors such as shortcomings in regulations, urban densification, deregulation or special exemptions, and the limitations of existing daylight and sunlight evaluation methods. To address these issues, we propose the Sunlight Autonomy, a new methodology and set of metrics, that aims to overcome the limitations of existing early-stage daylighting metrics and is valuable for urban planning and architectural design purposes.
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46.
  • Forsemalm, Joakim, 1973, et al. (author)
  • Urban Qualities: ett kunskapsområde
  • 2013
  • Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Den här kunskapsöversikten är ett försök att utkristallisera relevant forskning såväl som praktisk kunskap för Mistra Urban Futures om urbana kvaliteter. Översikten är kopplad till ett arbete som genomförts under vår och höst 2011 med syfte att skapa underlag för den Strategiska plan som utgör grunden för Mistra Urban Futures planering och aktiviteter. Under våren 2011 arbetade sex grupper med varsitt kunskapsfält – urbana kvaliteter, urban förändring (”transitions”), urbana kulturer, urbana rättigheter, urban tillgänglighet och urban uthållighet. Tanken var att dessa skulle utgöra de sex bärande fokusområdena för centrets verksamhet. Sedermera kom dessa sex områden att slås ihop till tre - FAIR, GREEN och DENSE – vilka nu utgör de tre övergripande problem- och kunskapsområdena för Mistra Urban Futures.
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47.
  • Jalilzadehazhari, Elaheh, 1985-, et al. (author)
  • Achieving a trade‐off construction solution using BIM, an optimization algorithm, and a multi‐criteria decision‐making method
  • 2019
  • In: Buildings. - Basel, Switzerland : MDPI. - 2075-5309. ; 9:4, s. 1-14
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The Energy Performance of Building Directive obligated all European countries to reduce the energy requirements of buildings while simultaneously improving indoor environment quality. Any such improvements not only enhance the health of the occupants and their productivity, but also provide further economic benefits at the national level. Accomplishing this task requires a method that allows building professionals to resolve conflicts between visual and thermal comfort, energy demands, and life‐cycle costs. To overcome these conflicts, this study exploits the incorporation of building information modelling (BIM), the design of experiments as an optimization algorithm, and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) into a multi‐criteria decision‐ making method. Any such incorporation can (i) create constructive communication between building professionals, such as architects, engineers, and energy experts; (ii) allow the analysis of the performance of multiple construction solutions with respect to visual and thermal comfort, energy demand, and life‐cycle costs; and (iii) help to select a trade‐off solution, thereby making a suitable decision. Three types of energy‐efficient windows, and five types of ground floors, roofs, and external wall constructions were considered as optimization variables. The incorporation of several methods allowed the analysis of the performance of 375 construction solutions based on a combination of optimization variables, and helped to select a trade‐off solution. The results showed the strength of incorporation for analyzing big‐data through the intelligent use of BIM and a simulation in the field of the built environment, energy, and costs. However, when applying AHP, the results are strongly contingent on pairwise comparisons
  •  
48.
  • Shadram, Farshid, 1987- (author)
  • Assessment and optimization of life cycle enrgy use in buildings
  • 2018
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Buildings account for 40% of all energy use in European countries. The European Union (EU) therefore encourages member states to adopt Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs) and implement energy-efficient practices during building design to minimize the energy use of buildings. However, recent studies have shown that energy-efficient buildings may not always outperform conventional buildings in terms of Life Cycle Energy (LCE) use. This is mainly due to the trade-off between embodied and operational energy, and a reliance on EEMs that reduce operational energy while sometimes increasing embodied energy and LCE use. To improve buildings’ environmental performance, the impact of different EEMs on buildings’ energy use needs to be assessed from a lifecycle perspective, and methods for identifying optimal combinations of EEMs that minimize LCE use should be developed. Ideally, these methods should be integrated with building information modelling (BIM) to enable seamless data exchange and to help Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) practitioners make optimal design decisions relating to EEMs. The work presented in this thesis had two overall objectives: (1) to explore the scope for developing BIM-supported method(s) for assessing and optimizing the impact of EEMs on buildings’ LCE use during the design process, and (2) use the BIM-supported method(s) for exploring the impact of various EEMs that are implemented and modified during the building design process on the buildings’ LCE use.The work presented in this thesis is based on an exploratory research design involving iterative cycles of (1) problem identification, (2) method development, (3) method examination, and (4) theory suggestion. In step 1, problems were identified by conducting literature studies and workshops with AEC practitioners, and analyzing archival data. In step 2, prototyping was used to develop methods to overcome the identified problems. In step 3, the applicability of these methods (or prototypes) was tested in case studies on actual and hypothetical building projects. Three case studies were conducted – one dealing with a low energy dwelling located in Kiruna, Sweden; another dealing with a multifamily residential building in Uppsala, Sweden; and a third dealing with a hypothetical multifamily residential building in Stockholm, Sweden. In step 4, the results were compared to existing theories to strengthen existing knowledge and identify previously unrecognized findings.In relation to the first objective, the results obtained show that the factors and activities required to develop BIM-supported method(s) for assessing and optimizing the impact of EEMs on a building’s LCE use during the design phase are:• A database that stores external and building project data (e.g. BIM data) and links it to be used for assessment and optimization, providing access to the data whenever needed.• The development of interfaces using middleware applications to ensure interoperability and seamless automated exchange of information between BIM and other systems.• Predefined objects (i.e. building part and component recipes) that are stored in a database and linked to inventories and Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) for the relevant materials, enabling assessment of the buildings’ embodied energy and LCE use.• The application of multi-objective optimization techniques (e.g. Pareto-based genetic algorithms) to identify optimal solution(s) for EEMs that minimize (optimize) the building’s LCE use.In relation to the second objective of the thesis, the results obtained indicate that:• EEMs that are implemented and modified during the detailed design phase have much less influence on the building’s LCE use than those implemented in the early design phase. Highly influential EEMs related to the early design phase which were tested herein were the building’s shape, orientation, Window to Wall Ratio (WWR), and the selection of materials used in the building envelope.• Generally, thickening roof insulation has a strong beneficial effect on LCE use for buildings in Sweden.• For buildings using energy sources with high primary energy factors, the most effective way to reduce LCE use may be to implement many EEMs that reduce operational energy use. However, this approach may be less helpful for buildings using greener energy sources because in such cases the embodied energy may have a greater effect on the final LCE use.• The embodied energies of materials in the same class can vary significantly between suppliers. Such differences in embodied energy can be identified by considering the suppliers’ EPDs, the energetic contributions due to their mode of transportation from the site of production, and the distance between the site of production and the construction site.• If the developed optimization approach is used to identify optimal combinations of EEMs in the early design phase, designers can freely choose from a wide range of building shapes without greatly affecting LCE use. However, without early phase optimization, designs that use different building shapes may exhibit significantly different LCE use values.The results provide both theoretical and practical contributions that may be useful to researchers and AEC practitioners seeking to develop BIM-supported design processes and to reduce buildings’ LCE use by adopting appropriate EEMs. The results also show that embodied energy can be a major component of a building’s LCE use if the building’s design relies heavily on EEMs designed solely to reduce operational energy use. Policy makers and governmental bodies are thus advised to update regulations and building codes to reflect the importance of embodied energy so as to minimize the LCE use of new and retrofitting building projects.
  •  
49.
  • Wallbaum, Holger, 1967, et al. (author)
  • Nachhaltig bauen - Lebenszyklus, Systeme, Szenarien, Verantwortung
  • 2011
  • Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Dem Bauwesen kommt bei der Zielsetzung einer Nachhaltigen Entwicklung eine grosse Bedeutung zu. "Nachhaltig Bauen" bedeutet vereinfacht ausgedrückt, Bauwerke zu errichten und zu erhalten, die ein Kapital für zukünftige Generationen darstellen und keine Altlast.Das Buch bietet einen Einstieg in diese Thematik über drei Zugänge: Denkschule, Handwerkszeug und Beispiele. Es wird der bestehenden Baupraxis ein Ansatz gegenübergestellt, der sich am gesamten Lebenszyklus der Bauwerke orientiert und ein Denken und Planen in Systemen und Szenarien voraussetzt. Dies erfordert ein modernes Selbstverständnis des Planenden, der bei sämtlichen Prozessen der Planung und Bewirtschaftung die Verantwortung übernimmt und sich nicht nur auf den Entwurf beschränkt. Beispiele Nachhaltigen Bauens veranschaulichen mögliche Lösungsansätze und zeigen auf, welche Ideen funktionieren oder wo noch optimiert werden kann. Ein Anhang mit einer umfassenden Übersicht zu Instrumenten für Nachhaltiges Bauen ergänzt die Publikation.- Umfasst den ganzen Lebenszyklus von Bauten, von der Herstellung über die Nutzung bis zur Entsorgung.- Thematisiert viele Teilbereiche: u.a. Projektmanagement, Life Cycle Management, Facility Management, Immobilieninvestition.- Enthält einen umfassenden Anhang zu Instrumenten und Hilfsmitteln.
  •  
50.
  • Ylva, Berglund, et al. (author)
  • Framsynt efterord
  • 2013
  • In: Mellanrum. Fem års seminarier om social hållbarhet och stadsutveckling i Göteborg.
  • Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
  •  
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