| 1. |
- Albero Caro, Jesus, et al.
(author)
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Semibatch reaction crystallization of salicylic acid
- 2014
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In: Chemical engineering research & design. - : Elsevier BV. - 0263-8762 .- 1744-3563. ; 92:3, s. 522-533
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Reaction crystallization of salicylic acid has been investigated by experiments and modeling. In the experimental work, dilute hydrochloric acid has been added to an agitated aqueous solution of sodium salicylate in 1 L scale, and product crystals have been characterized by image analysis. The results show that the product crystal number mean size at first increases with increasing agitation rate but then gradually decreases again at further increase in stirring rate. At lower stirring rate, larger crystals are obtained when the feeding point is located close to the agitator instead of being located out in the bulk solution. The mean crystal size increases with decreasing feeding rate and with decreasing reactant concentrations. There is a decrease in mean size with increasing feed pipe diameter. These trends in the experimental results show great similarity with previous results on benzoic acid. The experimental results have been examined by a population balance model accounting for meso and micro mixing, and crystal nucleation and growth rate dispersion. It is found that the crystallization kinetic parameter estimation is quite complex, and the objective function hyper surface contains many different minima. Hence, parameter estimation has to rely on a combination of mathematical optimization strategies and a scientific understanding of the physical meaning of the parameters and their relation to current theories. As opposed to our previous work on benzoic acid, it has not been possible to find a set of kinetic parameters that provides for a good description of all experimental data.
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| 2. |
- Gevorgian, Spartak, 1948, et al.
(author)
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The double loop hysteresis in DC dependent dielectric permittivity of SrTiO3
- 2002
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In: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 92, s. 6165-6171
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Experimental double loop hysteresis in dc field dependent dielectric permittivity in bulk single crystal SrTiO3 is reported. Small signal measurements of the permittivity are performed in the frequency range 0.5-1.5 GHz at temperatures below 77 K using electrically thin circular parallel-plate resonators. The dielectric permittivity is extracted form the measured resonant frequency. The double loop hysteresis may be caused by field induced local paraelectric/ferroelectric phase transitions, and/or switching (polarization reversal) in local opposing ferroelectric domains associated with symmetry breaking impurities/structural defects.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Battista, F., et al.
(author)
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Turbulence-combustion interaction in H2/CO/air Bunsen flame
- 2020
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In: ETC 2013 - 14th European Turbulence Conference. - : Zakon Group LLC.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In last decades, the increasing care to environmental safeguard and costs in the hydrocarbon fuel supplying have prompted in the development of alternative fuels, namely hydrogen based fuels as syngas. Syngas consists in a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide (CO) in different relative concentration, in some cases with small concentration of methane. The aim of this work is to address the dynamics of turbulent hydrogen/carbon-monoxide/air Bunsen flames by means of Direct Numerical Simulation. The main issue is to understand how the thermo-diffusive instabilities occurring in pure hydrogen/air flame [7] are influenced by the presence of the carbon-monoxide. It is well known that the thermo-diffusive instabilities are mainly induced by the high hydrogen diffusivity leading to local quenching and temperature peaks in the flame with consequent increase of pollutant formation (e.g. NOx). The presence of carbon monoxide in the fuel mixture has significant effects in flame dynamics where we observe a damping of the H2/air flame instabilities with less apparent quenching and high temperature peaks.
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| 5. |
- Battista, Simone, et al.
(author)
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Sex and age differences in the patient-reported outcome measures and adherence to an osteoarthritis digital self-management intervention
- 2024
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In: Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Open. - 2665-9131. ; 6:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ObjectiveTo explore sex and age differences in Patient-Reported Outcomes Measures (PROMs) and adherence to digital osteoarthritis (OA) self-management intervention.MethodsA register-based study with data from an OA digital self-management intervention. PROMs and adherence were collected at baseline and/or 3 month follow-up: ‘pain intensity’ in hip/knee (best/worst: 0–10), ‘activity impairments' (best/worst: 0–10), ‘overall health’ perception (worst/best: 0–10), ‘physical function’ (30-s chair stand test), ‘health-related quality of life’ (EQ-5D-5L index score; worst/best: 0.243–0.976), the subscales and total scores of the Knee Injury/Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS/HOOS-12; worst/best: 0–100), ‘fear of movement’ (yes/no), ‘walking difficulties' (yes/no), ‘programme adherence’ (0–100 % and ≥80 % [yes/no]), ‘patient acceptable symptom state’ (PASS; yes/no), and ‘treatment failure’ (those who answered no to PASS question and thought the treatment failed [yes/no]). We used linear/logistic regression to calculate mean/risk differences in the PROMs and adherence levels among sex and age groups at 3-month follow-up. We employed entropy balancing to explore the contributions of baseline characteristics and different covariates to the sex/age differences.ResultsWe included 14,610 participants (mean (SD) age: 64.1 (9.1), 75.5 % females). Females generally reported better outcomes than males. Participants aged ≥70 had greater activity impairments, lower KOOS/HOOS-pain/function scores, more walking difficulties, less fear of movement and higher adherence than those <70. However, these differences were small and not likely clinically relevant.ConclusionNo clinically relevant differences in PROMs and adherence were found among sex/age groups in this digital OA programme, suggesting that sex/age seemed not to impact the outcomes of this intervention.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Gevorgian, Spartak, 1948, et al.
(author)
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The Optical Power Distribution and Scattering Losses in Symmetric Channel Waveguide X-Junction
- 1991
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In: Optical and Quantum Electronics. - 0306-8919 .- 1572-817X. ; 23, s. 649-656
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It is shown theoretically and experimentally that there is sufficient light radiation at the crossing points of wave-guides, and sufficient coupling between input branches and output branches of integrated optic symmetric crossing channel wave-guides. For straight X-junctions the crosstalk could be changed in a wide range varying the crossing angle, while for widened X-junction with a fixed crossing angle the crosstalk could be changed by varying the length of the central straight waveguide section.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Dubrova, Elena, et al.
(author)
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TOP : an algorithm for three-level combinational logic optimisation
- 2004
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In: IEE Proceedings - Circuits Devices and Systems. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET). - 1350-2409 .- 1359-7000. ; 151:4, s. 307-314
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Three-level logic is shown to have a potential for reducing the area over two-level implementations, as well as for a gain in speed over multilevel implementations. A heuristic algorithm TOP is presented, targeting a three-level logic expression of type g(1degrees)g(2), where g(1) and g(2) are sum-of-products expressions and '(degrees)' is a binary operation. For the first time, to the authors' knowledge, this problem is addressed for an arbitrary operation '(degrees)', although several algorithms for specified cases of '(degrees)' have been presented in the past. The experimental results show that, on average, the total number of product-terms in the expression obtained by TOP is about one third of the number of product-terms in the expression obtained by a two-level AND-OR minimiser.
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| 10. |
- Jernås, Margareta, 1961, et al.
(author)
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Differential expression of T-cell genes in blood and bone marrow between ITP patients and controls : Running head: Regulated T-cells from bone marrow in ITP
- 2013
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In: Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - 0340-6245. ; 109:1, s. 112-117
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterised by premature platelet destruction in spleen, liver and bone marrow and a diminished production of platelets. T-cells are important in all forms of autoimmunity including ITP; however, very little is known about T-cells in organs where platelets are destroyed. Our aim was to investigate differences in gene expression in peripheral blood-derived T-cells and bone marrow-derived T-cells between ITP patients and controls. T-cells and subsequent RNA were isolated from blood and bone marrow from chronic ITP patients and healthy controls followed by DNA microarray analysis. There were 1554 differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood-derived T-cells and 976 in bone marrow-derived T-cells between ITP patients and controls and three genes were verified with real-time PCR. Using Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis we found that genes involved in growth, development, migration, chemotaxis, adhesion and apoptosis were enriched in bone marrow-derived T-cells in ITP. Immune-related genes involved in T-helper cell differentiation, T-cell chemotaxis, migration, immunoglobulin-mediated immune response and classical and alternative pathway complement activation were also enriched in bone marrow-derived T-cells in ITP. Only 213 T-cell genes were differentially expressed in both blood and bone marrow between ITP patients and controls. In conclusion, our findings show that genes involved in major pathophysiologic pathways in ITP such as T-helper cell differentiation, autoantibody response and complement activation are altered in bone marrow-derived T-cells in ITP patients compared with controls. This further supports the concept that bone marrow is an important compartment in ITP.
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