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- Stolpe, Karin
(author)
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Att uppmärksamma det väsentliga : Lärares ämnesdidaktiska förmågor ur ett interaktionskognitivt perspektiv
- 2011
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Den här avhandlingen syftar till att belysa lärares ämnesdidaktiska förmågor i naturvetenskap. Jag fokuserar på tre olika förmågor som är centrala för lärare, nämligen lärares professionella seende, deras automatiska agerande samt deras förmåga att berätta narrativ. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten för avhandlingen är det som jag kallar för det interaktionskognitiva perspektivet. Tre olika aspekter av interaktion behandlas, interaktion mellan individen och hennes omgivning, interaktion mellan individen och andra individer samt interaktion mellan två olika kunskapsformer – den deklarerbara och den intuitiva kunskapen – som bearbetas i det explicita respektive det implicita minnessystemet. Modellen om de två minnessystemen är således central i den här avhandlingen och jag behandlar hur dessa båda minnessystem samverkar så att deklarerbara och intuitiva kunskaper tar sig i uttryck i form av förmågor. Informanterna i de ingående studierna utgörs av såväl lärarstudenter som erfarna lärare som undervisar om, berättar om eller löser problem med ett naturvetenskapligt innehåll, med särskild tyngdpunkt på ekologi. Datainsamlingen har främst bestått i intervjuer, såväl semistrukturerade som stimulated recall-intervjuer. Dessutom har data samlats in genom att undervisning har videofilmats och att informanter har beskrivit sin undervisning i loggböcker. Resultaten visar att vi kan urskilja tre olika aspekter av lärares professionella seende: uppmärksamma, identifiera och känna igen. Förmågan att uppmärksamma det väsentliga i en komplex miljö, exempelvis att finna en viss typ av gräs bland andra gräs, är starkt förknippad med förmågan att känna igen. Dessa förmågor bygger på intuitiv kunskap och är därmed en långlivad förmåga. Att identifiera, dvs. att kunna sätta ett namn på gräset, är däremot en deklarerbar kunskap som är snabbt avklingande relativt lärtillfället. Vidare visar resultaten att förmågan att agera automatiskt är starkt situerad och därmed sammanlänkad med lärandemiljön, elevgruppen och det specifika innehållet. Automatiskt agerande bygger på erfarenhet (igenkänning) av en specifik situation vartill ett beteende är kopplat. En lärare behöver inte själv vara medveten om sitt agerande eftersom detta är en intuitiv kunskap. Den intuitiva kunskapen verkar dessutom vara en viktig del av berättelser. Studenterna kunde upp till ett år efter lärtillfället återberätta grunddragen i en historia. Däremot visade det sig att de exakta vetenskapliga termerna, dvs. den deklarerbara kunskapen, till stor del hade bytts ut mot mer vanligt förekommande termer. Jag vill poängtera värdet av både intuitiv och deklarerbar kunskap i lärarutbildningen.
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| 3. |
- Abrandt Dahlgren, Madeleine, et al.
(author)
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From senior student to novice worker : learning trajectories in political science, psychology and mechanical engineering.
- 2006
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In: Studies in Higher Education. - Abingdon, England : Routledge. - 0307-5079 .- 1470-174X. ; 31:5, s. 569-586
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This longitudinal study focuses on the transition from higher education to working life. Research has hitherto described the transition in rather general terms, and there is still only limited knowledge about how graduates construe themselves as professionals, or how they experience the transition to the sociocultural contexts of working life. In this study, the transition is viewed as a trajectory between different communities of practice. Three different Master’s programmes at Linköping University are focused on and compared: political science, psychology and mechanical engineering. The specific aims are to: (i) identify aspects of identity and knowledge formation as reported by informants, both as...
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| 5. |
- Abrandt Dahlgren, Madeleine, et al.
(author)
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I takt och otakt : om teori och praktik
- 2009. - 1
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In: Lärande på vuxnas vis. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144042763 ; , s. 43-59
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna bok belyser och jämför flera gemensamma brännpunkter i kommunal vuxenutbildning, folkhögskola och högskola: till vilka utbildningarna riktas, hur de utformas didaktiskt, hur de studerande betygssätts och bedöms. Författarna använder konkreta exempel när de diskuterar bland annat utbildares och studerandes perspektiv på dessa områden. Boken riktar sig till blivande och verksamma personalvetare, yrkes- och studievägledare samt pedagoger.
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| 6. |
- Abrandt Dahlgren, Madeleine, 1956-, et al.
(author)
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Identity and Engagement for professional formation
- 2007
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In: Meaning, Relevance and Variation. The second nordic conference on adult learning,2007.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Students entering university have notions surrounding their future professions. In someinstances the profession has a high social status and the work in that area is well known, inother areas the nature of professional work is opaque. In this paper we discuss the ways inwhich students develop a sense of identity with their profession, how the nature of the profession impacts on identity formation, how students engage with learning based on their professional expectations, and how their pedagogic experience as a whole leads towards their professional formation. We suggest that Wenger-s community of practice models that highlight integrated or distributed forms of engagement may be enhanced through a consideration of dimensions of learning, identity formation and engagement with professionally encountered content. To explore these issues we combine the research outcomes of two international projects, the Journeymen and Professional Entity projects, involving over 500 students in a variety of discipline areas. Students in these projects participated in semi-structured interviews that focused their attention on their understanding and experience of professional work, and the way in which their learning contributed to the development of their professional identities.Identity formation and engagement can be seen to be a relation with the students- learning experience - which in themselves build up an expectation of the intending profession - and the manner in which they anticipate or practice in professional working life. We postulate that students- views of their profession and their pedagogic experiences combine to incline themtowards a clear or diffuse sense of professional engagement.
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| 7. |
- Abrandt Dahlgren, Madeleine, 1956-, et al.
(author)
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Learning for the professions : Lessons from linking international research projects
- 2008
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In: Higher Education. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0018-1560 .- 1573-174X. ; 56:2, s. 129-148
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- At the core of higher education is the experience of students whose focus for learning is often directed towards their future employability. In this paper, we explore the intersections between two large international research projects involving over 500 students. Interviews with students yielded their conceptions of learning and work in specific discipline and professional areas. Analysis of the Swedish and Australian data sets showed the important interplay between students' individual ideas about learning and future work with their workplace. A meta-analysis of the two projects highlights the utility of higher education for students' future working life and suggests ways in which institutions and policy makers can critique current practice in a way that will incline curriculum and teaching development towards professional formation. © 2007 Springer Science + Business Media B.V.
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| 8. |
- Abrandt Dahlgren, Madeleine, 1956-, et al.
(author)
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Learning professional practice through education
- 2012. - 1
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In: Practice, Learning and Change. - Dordrecht : Springer Publishing Company. - 9789400747739 ; , s. 183-197
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this chapter we discuss a case of professional learning in higher education with a particular focus on health care. We focus in particular on what aspects of professional education become visible if we shift our viewpoint from a cognitive learning perspective on professional education, to a practice theory perspective, viewing this case of professional education as a practice, or a set of practices, in itself. Introducing a practice theory perspective on pedagogy on professional health care education might allow a new gaze on a field that for a long time been has been dominated by cognitive discourses about how to improve students’ learning. We focus on how the socio-materiality of professional practice is realised within the curriculum of the professional programs through three cycles, the courses Health, Ethics and Learning, part 1 and 2, and the Student Training Ward. We show how the relations between different sets of actors are connected, both as important mediating conditions through broader societal discourses, national legislation, local institution and organisation, as well as in terms of how every day educational practice is enacted. The chapter highlights the need for serious consideration of how to use the material arrangements in the educational setting to enable a collaborative practice to unfold.
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| 10. |
- Abrandt Dahlgren, Madeleine, 1956-, et al.
(author)
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Portraits of PBL : Students' experiences of the characteristics of problem-based learning in physiotherapy, computer engineering and psychology
- 2002
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In: Instructional science. - 0020-4277 .- 1573-1952. ; 30:2, s. 111-127
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present study is part of a comprehensive research project with the general aims of comparing how problem-based learning is realised in three different professional educational programmes. The specific aims of this study are to describe and analyse how students in the three different programmes conceive of the meaning of problem-based learning and how they experience their studies within a problem-based learning programme. The PBL programmes are a Bachelor's programme in Physiotherapy, a Master's programme in Psychology, and a Master's programme in Computer Engineering. Data were analysed qualitatively. The results reveal differences in how the students in the three programmes conceive of their autonomy as learners, co-operation with their counterparts and the authenticity of the learning task. The findings possibly also reflect the taken-for-granted perspectives of knowledge, embedded in the cultures of the professional practices and the scientific disciplines to which the programmes pertain.
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